CN104855058B - Intelligent adjusting mechanism and adjusting method for detached grain distribution for axial flow threshing and separating device - Google Patents
Intelligent adjusting mechanism and adjusting method for detached grain distribution for axial flow threshing and separating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104855058B CN104855058B CN201510157999.5A CN201510157999A CN104855058B CN 104855058 B CN104855058 B CN 104855058B CN 201510157999 A CN201510157999 A CN 201510157999A CN 104855058 B CN104855058 B CN 104855058B
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Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent adjusting mechanism and adjusting method for detached grain distribution for an axial flow threshing and separating device. The adjusting mechanism comprises a top cover, a threshing roller, a concave sieve, a detached grain device, a grain cleaning loss monitoring controller, a cleaning sieve and a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), wherein fixing plates are connected with the lower part of the concave sieve; a detached grain device is arranged between every two adjacent fixing plates; each detached grain device comprises a step-type electric push rod, an arc baseplate and a spring, the step-type electric push rod and the spring are respectively connected to the two ends of the arc baseplate, and a plurality of flow guiding assemblies are arranged on the arc baseplate; the cleaning sieve is positioned below the detached grain devices; the grain cleaning loss monitoring controller is mounted at the tail end of the cleaning sieve; the PLC is connected with the grain cleaning loss monitoring controller and the step-type electric push rods. The problem that detached grains are locally accumulated on the sieve surface to cause reduction of the cleaning performance is avoided, the detached grain distribution is relatively uniform, the grain thorough sieving and airflow blowing and supporting are promoted, the cleaning efficiency and performance are improved, and the application prospects are wide.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to combined harvester intelligentized control method field, especially a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object divides
Cloth Intelligent adjustment mechanism and control method.
Background technology
For improving harvest machinery cleaning efficiency, domestic scholars are cleaned link to harvest machinery and are actively developed research.As patent
, emersion object in the crop that harvests drying excessive in the cleaning load adjusting means that cn202232226 is related to, thus leading to clean negative
During the excessive phenomenon of lotus, part emersion object is stopped using closed plate and separates from concave grate, make not including the de- of seed in a large number
Go out thing directly to be discharged by straw outlet, it is to avoid it enters cleaning room, reduce cleaning load；When emersion object is normal, adjust envelope manually
The position of closing plate avoids stopping arrives emersion object, reduces cleaning loss.This device operation principle is substantially to reduce concave grate parting surface
Long-pending control emersion object amount, but practical situation is, and combined harvester working environment is complicated, is harvested the material characteristic difference of crop very
Greatly, reduce concave grate separating area and be easier that the seed entrainment loss increase problem that effective separating area reduction brings occurs；This
Outward, this invention uses manual regulation, and adjusting position relies on operator's experience it is impossible to be carried out according to current results situation
Real-time regulation, poor to the results adaptability of crop.
Efficient intelligent is the Main way of international advanced united reaper development.Overall automatic of China combined harvester
Change level also ratio is relatively low, seriously constrains the development of harvesting mechanization, and country also increasingly payes attention to this deficiency, actively opens
Exhibition scientific research.The parameter optimization test cutting vertical stream combined harvester installed threshing separator finds, axial flow threshing separation facility takes off
Natural radial distribution very portion uniformly, is affected by frame both sides inwall under the action of the centrifugal force to go out thing, and cross direction profiles are in both sides
Low situation between senior middle school, inevitably results in the problems such as sorting screen compass screen surface both sides material shape becomes to pile up, impact is sieved thoroughly, so that clearly
Select efficiency reduction, hydraulic performance decline.Distribution on compass screen surface for the emersion object that notch board is isolated is more uniform, is more conducive to the saturating sieve of seed
With air-flow blow support, clean area certain under conditions of, cleaning efficiency and performance can be significantly improved.And according to grain loss amount
The apparatus and method that real-time intelligent adjusts the distribution of sheller unit emersion object have not been reported.
Content of the invention
For axial flow threshing separation facility present in prior art because emersion object skewness leads to sorting screen compass screen surface
Both sides are piled up, impact is sieved thoroughly, thus leading to the deficiency that cleaning efficiency and performance are remarkably decreased, the invention provides a kind of axle stream takes off
Grain segregation apparatuss emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion and control method, adjust sheller unit according to grain loss amount real-time intelligent
Deflector aperture in emersion object device, makes emersion object be evenly distributed, and then improves cleaning efficiency and performance.
The present invention is to realize above-mentioned technical purpose by following technological means.
A kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion, including top cover, threshing cylinder, concave grate,
Emersion object device, seed cleaning loss monitor controller, sorting screen, frame and plc controller；
Described threshing cylinder is located between top cover and concave grate；Described notch board lower part of screen is connected with fixed plate, described adjacent
It is provided with emersion object device between two fixed plates；Described emersion object device includes step type electric push rod, circular arc base plate and spring,
Described step type electric push rod and spring are installed in frame, and connect the two ends of circular arc base plate respectively；Under concave grate
It is provided with multiple guiding subassemblies, described guiding subassembly includes multiple connecting plates, rotating shaft and two pieces of deflectors on the circular arc base plate of side,
The two ends of described deflector respectively connect a connecting plate, and described two pieces of deflectors are located at the two sides of circular arc base plate respectively, described turn
Axle passes through multiple connecting plates and circular arc base plate, and described rotating shaft two ends are fixed in corresponding fixed plate；
Described sorting screen is located at the lower section of emersion object device, and described seed cleaning loss monitor controller is installed on sorting screen
Tail end；Described plc controller connects seed cleaning loss monitor controller and step type electric push rod, for receiving seed cleaning
The loss signal that transmitted of monitor controller simultaneously sends command adapted thereto and executes to step type electric push rod.
Further, described emersion object device is two；Described fixed plate is three, and is located at described concave grate respectively
Two ends and medium position.
Further, the multiple guiding subassemblies set by described circular arc base plate left side and the multiple water conservancy diversion groups set by right-hand part
Part is arranged symmetrically with regard to circular arc base plate central longitudinal plane.
Further, described circular arc base plate left side and the multiple guiding subassemblies set by right-hand part are and equidistantly distribute.
Further, the deflector initial setting up state of multiple guiding subassemblies of described circular arc base plate left side is and threshing
Drum rotation speed tangential direction angle is 30 °.
Further, described concave grate, the two ends of circular arc base plate, seed cleaning loss monitor controller and sorting screen are away from machine
The inwall distance of frame is 10-30mm.
Further, described circular arc base plate is located at 10-40mm below described concave grate.
A kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence control method, comprises the steps:
(1), after axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion is assembled on united reaper, start
Run, crop realizes threshing in the threshing space that top cover, threshing cylinder and concave grate are formed, emersion object divides from concave grate
From, fall into sorting screen in the guiding of emersion object device and realize cleaning, seed cleaning loss monitor controller real-time monitoring seed
Cleaning loss amount q, and by signal transmission to plc controller；
(2) described plc controller setting the seed cleaning monitoring loss amount q and this united reaper cleaning loss amount
Meter parameter t compares, and as q≤t, does not send execute instruction, makes step type electric push rod keep existing position, deflector maintains
Current aperture；As q ＞ t, plc controller is according to seed cleaning loss amount q, corresponding deflector aperture ki and step-by-step movement electricity
Relation between dynamic push rod shift length si, sends command adapted thereto to step type electric push rod, controls step type electric push-rod piston
Movement, the aperture regulation realizing deflector is to meet q≤t.
Further, described seed cleaning loss amount q, corresponding deflector aperture ki and step type electric push rod displacement away from
Relation between si is obtained through the following steps:
(1) concrete structure according to axial flow threshing separation facility and kinematic parameter, sets up axial threshing separation test platform；
(2), when testing, by changing the displacement si (i=1,2,3...n) of step type electric push rod, change opening of deflector
Degree ki (i=1,2,3...n), obtains corresponding seed cleaning loss quality qi (i=1,2,3...n) simultaneously, and then sets up
Relation between seed cleaning loss amount q, corresponding deflector aperture ki and step type electric push rod shift length si.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
A kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion of the present invention, with seed cleaning loss
The seed cleaning loss amount that monitor controller monitors is sample information, with deflector aperture as controlled device, by notch board
The emersion object dress of sieve lower section setting multiple inclusion step type electric push rod, the circular arc base plate being provided with multiple guiding subassemblies and spring
Put it is achieved that changing the displacement of step type electric push rod to adjust deflector aperture in guiding subassembly, it is to avoid emersion object is in sieve
The problems such as on face, local accumulation causes sorting performance to decline, makes emersion object be distributed more uniformly it is ensured that grain loss amount is tieed up all the time
Hold in scope of design, be conducive to the saturating sieve of seed and air-flow blows support, clean area certain under conditions of, can significantly improve
Cleaning efficiency and performance, have broad application prospects.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the left view of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion of the present invention and material divides
Cloth schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the front view of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is emersion object apparatus structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is guiding subassembly and circular arc bottom plate structure schematic diagram in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 be described axial flow threshing separation facility no emersion object profile adjustment device when material distribution schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of described fixed plate.
Description of reference numerals is as follows:
1- top cover, 2- threshing cylinder, 3- concave grate, 4- emersion object device, 5- seed cleaning loses monitor controller, and 6- is clear
Choosing sieve, 7- frame, 8- fixed plate, 401- step type electric push rod, 402- circular arc base plate, 403- connecting plate, 404- rotating shaft, 405-
Deflector, 406- spring.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is further illustrated, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
Not limited to this.
As shown in figure 1, axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion of the present invention, including top cover
1st, threshing cylinder 2, concave grate 3, emersion object device 4, seed cleaning loss monitor controller 5, sorting screen 6, frame 7 and plc control
Device processed.The two ends of described top cover 1, threshing cylinder 2 and concave grate 3 are fixed in frame 7, and described threshing cylinder 2 is located at top cover 1 He
The threshing interior volume that concave grate 3 is formed.
As shown in Fig. 2 described concave grate 3 two ends and middle bottom are respectively connected with fixed plate 8, each two adjacent fixed plate
It is provided with emersion object device 4 between 8.The width of described emersion object device 4 is slightly less than the spacing of adjacent fixed plate 8 so that two de-
The width going out thing device 4 be enough to cover whole concave grate 3.Described concave grate 3, circular arc base plate 402, seed cleaning loss monitoring control
Device 5 processed and sorting screen 6 and two ends all keep 10-30mm spacing with the inwall of frame 7.As shown in figure 3, described emersion object device 4
Including step type electric push rod 401, circular arc base plate 402 and spring 406, step type electric push rod 401 and spring 406 are installed in
In frame 7, and connect the two ends of circular arc base plate 402 respectively.Described circular arc base plate 402 is located at concave grate 3 lower section 40mm；Described
Sorting screen 6 is located at the lower section of emersion object device 4, remaining separates with miscellaneous for completing to be uniformly distributed rear emersion object seed；Described seed
Grain cleaning loss monitor controller 5 is installed on sorting screen 6 tail end, for the cleaning loss amount of real-time monitoring seed；Described plc control
Device processed connects seed cleaning loss monitor controller 5 and step type electric push rod 401, for receiving seed cleaning loss monitoring control
Signal that device 5 processed is transmitted simultaneously sends command adapted thereto and executes to step type electric push rod 401.
As described in Figure 4, described guiding subassembly includes the 403, rotating shaft 404 of four connecting plates and two deflectors 405, institute
State the two sides that two deflectors 405 are located at circular arc base plate 402 respectively, the two ends of described deflector 405 are solid with two connecting plates 403
Fixed connection, described rotating shaft 404 passes through in four connecting plates 403 and circular arc base plate 402.Set by described circular arc base plate 402 left side
Multiple guiding subassemblies and right-hand part set by multiple guiding subassemblies with regard to circular arc base plate 402 central longitudinal plane symmetrically cloth
Put, that is, the deflector 405 in circular arc base plate 402 left side and threshing cylinder 2 rotating speed tangential direction are in 30 ° of angles, in circular arc bottom
The deflector 405 of plate 402 right half part and threshing cylinder 2 rotating speed tangential direction are in 150 ° of angles, and this is the initial of deflector 405
Installation site, deflector 405 is symmetrically installed the regulation being conducive to electric pushrod 401 under working condition, and then so that emersion object is distributed
Than more uniform.As shown in figure 5, the two ends of described rotating shaft 404 are fixed on the in the hole set by corresponding fixed plate 8.
Deflector 405 aperture regulation process is: when the piston of step type electric push rod 401 shortens lifting circular arc base plate 402,
Spring 406 is elongated, and left-half deflector 405 can rotate clockwise about rotating shaft 404, and right half part deflector 405 is around the shaft
404 rotate counterclockwises, increase deflector 405 aperture；Piston elongation compression circular arc base plate 402 when step type electric push rod 401
When, spring 406 shrinks, and under step type electric push rod 401 and spring 406 collective effect, circular arc base plate 402 position declines, left
Half part deflector 405 404 rotation around the shaft counterclockwise, right half part 405 turns clockwise around the shaft, realizes deflector 405
The reduction of aperture.By deflector 405 aperture being adjusted to appropriate position so that a large amount of emersion object can directly fall in corresponding region
Sorting screen 6 on, and do not lead to emersion object to drop to after frame 7 inwall because deflector 405 aperture is excessive and be repelled, not simultaneously yet
Make emersion object excessively concentrate the center of sorting screen 6 because deflector 405 aperture is too small, finally realize the compass screen surface of sorting screen 6
Being uniformly distributed of upper emersion object, thus be conducive to the saturating sieve of seed and air-flow blows support, clean area certain under conditions of, energy
Significantly improve cleaning efficiency and performance.
If as shown in fig. 6, being fitted without the axial threshing of emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion in existing united reaper
During segregation apparatuss, emersion object flies out under centrifugal force Main Function from concave grate 3 grid, falls and cleaning after multiple impacts
On sieve 6, distribution is very uneven, easy to pile up in sorting screen 6 both sides, reduces the saturating sieve ability of seed, limits and clean effect
Rate.However, as shown in figure 1, being distributed intelligence when installing axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object of the present invention in united reaper
After energy governor motion, emersion object device 4 works, and by deflector 405 guide effect, after making emersion object pass through concave grate 3, energy is equal
Even fall on sorting screen 6, it is to avoid in same region, promote the saturating sieve of seed and air-flow blows support to concentrations, significantly improves
Cleaning efficiency and performance.
Control method using axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion of the present invention includes following step
Rapid:
(1), after axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion is assembled on united reaper, start
Run, crop realizes threshing in the threshing space that top cover 1, threshing cylinder 2 and concave grate 3 are formed, and emersion object is from concave grate 3
Separate, fall into sorting screen 6 in the guiding of emersion object device 4 and realize cleaning, seed cleaning loses monitor controller 5 real-time monitoring
Seed cleaning loss amount q, and by signal transmission to plc controller；
(2) described plc controller setting the seed cleaning monitoring loss amount q and this united reaper cleaning loss amount
Meter parameter t compares, and as q≤t, does not send execute instruction, makes step type electric push rod 401 keep existing position, deflector
405 maintain current aperture；As q ＞ t, plc controller according to seed cleaning loss amount q, corresponding deflector aperture ki and
Relation between step type electric push rod 401 shift length si, sends command adapted thereto to step type electric push rod 401, controls stepping
The movement of formula electric pushrod 401 piston, the aperture regulation realizing deflector 405 is to meet q≤t.
Wherein, between described seed cleaning loss amount q, corresponding deflector aperture ki and electric pushrod 401 shift length si
Relation be to be obtained by following steps: the concrete structure according to axial flow threshing separation facility and kinematic parameter, set up axial threshing
Separation test platform；By changing the displacement si (i=1,2,3...n) of step type electric push rod 401, change opening of deflector 405
Degree ki (i=1,2,3...n), obtains corresponding seed cleaning loss quality qi (i=1,2,3...n) simultaneously, and then sets up
Relation between seed cleaning loss amount q, corresponding deflector aperture ki and electric pushrod 401 shift length si.
Described embodiment be the present invention preferred embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, not
In the case of deviating from the flesh and blood of the present invention, any conspicuously improved, replacement that those skilled in the art can make
Or modification belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion is it is characterised in that include top cover (1), threshing
Cylinder (2), concave grate (3), emersion object device (4), seed cleaning loss monitor controller (5), sorting screen (6), frame (7) and
Plc controller；
Described threshing cylinder (2) is located between top cover (1) and concave grate (3)；Described concave grate (3) bottom is connected with fixed plate
(8), it is provided with emersion object device (4) between two neighboring fixed plate (8)；Described emersion object device (4) includes step type electric and pushes away
Bar (401), circular arc base plate (402) and spring (406), described step type electric push rod (401) and spring (406) are installed in machine
On frame (7), and connect the two ends of circular arc base plate (402) respectively；Circular arc base plate (402) below concave grate (3) is upper to be arranged
There are multiple guiding subassemblies, described guiding subassembly includes multiple connecting plates (403), rotating shaft (404) and two pieces of deflectors (405), institute
The two ends stating deflector (405) respectively connect a connecting plate (403), and described two pieces of deflectors (405) are located at circular arc base plate respectively
(402) two sides, described rotating shaft (404) passes through multiple connecting plates (403) and circular arc base plate (402), described rotating shaft (404) two ends
It is fixed in corresponding fixed plate (8)；
Described sorting screen (6) is located at the lower section of emersion object device (4), and described seed cleaning loss monitor controller (5) is installed on
Sorting screen (6) tail end；Described plc controller connects seed cleaning loss monitor controller (5) and step type electric push rod
(401), lose monitor controller (5) signal that transmitted and send command adapted thereto to step type electric for receiving seed cleaning
Push rod (401) executes.
2. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described emersion object device (4) is two；Described fixed plate (8) is three, and is located at the two ends of described concave grate (3) respectively
And medium position.
3. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion according to claim 2, its feature exists
In, multiple guiding subassemblies set by described circular arc base plate (402) left side and the multiple guiding subassemblies set by right-hand part with regard to circle
Arc base plate (402) central longitudinal plane is arranged symmetrically.
4. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion according to claim 3, its feature exists
In the multiple guiding subassemblies set by described circular arc base plate (402) left side and right-hand part are and equidistantly distribute.
5. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion according to claim 4, its feature exists
In deflector (405) the initial setting up state of multiple guiding subassemblies of described circular arc base plate (402) left side is and threshing cylinder
(2) rotating speed tangential direction angle is 30 °.
6. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described concave grate (3), the two ends of circular arc base plate (402), seed cleaning loss monitor controller (5) and sorting screen (6) are away from machine
The inwall distance of frame (7) is 10-30mm.
7. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described circular arc base plate (402) is located at 10-40mm below described concave grate (3).
8. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence control method as described in one of claim 1-7, it is special
Levy and be, comprise the steps:
(1), after axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion is assembled on united reaper, bring into operation,
Crop realizes threshing in the threshing space that top cover (1), threshing cylinder (2) and concave grate (3) are formed, and emersion object is from concave grate
(3) separate in, fall into sorting screen (6) in the guiding of emersion object device (4) and realize cleaning, seed cleaning loses monitor controller
(5) real-time monitoring seed cleaning loss amount q, and by signal transmission to plc controller；
(2) design of the seed cleaning monitoring loss amount q and this united reaper cleaning loss amount is joined by described plc controller
Number t compares, and as q≤t, does not send execute instruction, makes step type electric push rod (401) keep existing position, deflector
(405) maintain current aperture；As q ＞ t, plc controller is according to seed cleaning loss amount q, corresponding deflector aperture ki
Relation and between step type electric push rod (401) shift length si, sends command adapted thereto to step type electric push rod (401), control
The movement of step type electric push rod (401) piston processed, the aperture regulation realizing deflector (405) is to meet q≤t.
9. a kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence control method according to claim 8, its feature exists
In between described seed cleaning loss amount q, corresponding deflector aperture ki and step type electric push rod (401) shift length si
Relation is obtained through the following steps:
(1) concrete structure according to axial flow threshing separation facility and kinematic parameter, sets up axial threshing separation test platform；
(2), when testing, by changing the displacement si (i=1,2,3...n) of step type electric push rod (401), change deflector
(405) aperture ki (i=1,2,3...n), obtains corresponding seed cleaning loss quality qi (i=1,2,3...n) simultaneously,
And then set up between seed cleaning loss amount q, corresponding deflector aperture ki and step type electric push rod (401) shift length si
Relation.
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| CN201510157999.5A CN104855058B (en) | 2015-04-03 | 2015-04-03 | Intelligent adjusting mechanism and adjusting method for detached grain distribution for axial flow threshing and separating device |
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| CN201510157999.5A CN104855058B (en) | 2015-04-03 | 2015-04-03 | Intelligent adjusting mechanism and adjusting method for detached grain distribution for axial flow threshing and separating device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106385999B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2019-06-28 | 江苏大学 | Cut the adaptive regulator control system of stream Yu longitudinal axial flow device threshing segregational load |
| CN107371644B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2024-05-14 | 江苏大学 | Backhaul conveying uniform distribution system matched with longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device |
| CN108650975B (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2021-07-20 | 江苏大学 | Automatic uniform distribution device and automatic adjustment method for threshed objects of harvester |
| CN108811787B (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2023-10-20 | 山东理工大学 | Longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating adjustable sieve |
| CN109906779B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2023-09-22 | 江苏大学 | High-efficiency threshing and cleaning device and harvester |
| CN109588121B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2024-07-12 | 江苏大学 | Combine harvester and forced conveying and uniformly distributing device for removed matters thereof |
| CN110149917B (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2021-06-08 | 中国农业大学 | Automatic concave plate gap adjusting system based on feeding amount |
| CN112369214B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-11-23 | 江苏大学 | Rotatable anti-blocking concave plate sieve with grid bars |
| CN113875403B (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-07-29 | 山东理工大学 | Improve and take off thing evenly distributed's notch board structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101884273B (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2014-09-10 | 株式会社久保田 | Threshing mechanism |
| JP2011067156A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-04-07 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Thresher |
| CN103210748B (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2016-05-18 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of full-feeding combine harvester sheller unit |
| CN204721883U (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-10-28 | 江苏大学 | A kind of axial flow threshing separation facility emersion object distributed intelligence governor motion |
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