CN104849102A - Laminated vibration columnar bottom sampler - Google Patents
Laminated vibration columnar bottom sampler Download PDFInfo
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- CN104849102A CN104849102A CN201510209219.7A CN201510209219A CN104849102A CN 104849102 A CN104849102 A CN 104849102A CN 201510209219 A CN201510209219 A CN 201510209219A CN 104849102 A CN104849102 A CN 104849102A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laminated vibration columnar bottom sampler and belongs to the technical fields of environment monitoring, environment control and sediment sample collection. The sampler comprises a vibration mechanism, a drainage head, a self-balance seal device, a sampling tube, a self-seal sampling head, a stabilizing support, a wire, a scaled rope, a vibrator rope and a stabilizing support rope. The vibration mechanism drives the sampling tube to vibrate, the sediment surrounding the sampling head and sample tube are liquefied, the sampler sinks evenly, and the deep laminated sediment collection is implemented. The vertical sampling is guaranteed through the stabilizing support, the self-balance seal device and the sampling head are used for sealing up and down, sampling loss is reduced, and the sampling tube can be prolonged according to the requirements; the bottom sampler has the advantages that inland water laminated sediment sample collection is implemented, the sample representativeness and fidelity are improved, the sample representativeness is high, equipment is light, operation is simple and cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental monitoring, environmental improvement and sediment sample collection technical field, relate to the sediment sample collection in the inlands such as reservoir, lake, river, be related specifically to the deep layer reason sediment sample collection of inland waters.
Background technology
The collection of sediment sample is the basis of research water pollution accumulation process and pollution risk level.The water saturation mud that inland waters sediment top layer is mainly weak, is difficult to support sample devices, and lower floor along with gravity sedimentation closely knit gradually, be not easy to collect profound sample; In addition, sedimental formation has again obvious timing, and the sediment of different depth indicates the contamination characteristics, Hydrological Events, development pattern etc. of region different year.Therefore, the collection of bedding deposition sample is a key technical problem.Along with passage of time, various pollutant is accumulated in the bottom, and exist with sediment form, thickness reaches several meters deeply, and the environmental problem accumulated year by year is more and more outstanding." monitoring water environment specification " points out that sediment use is dug formula, grabbed the collecting device such as formula, profile lead collection sediment sample.Current sediment acquisition mode mainly contains following several: 1. shallow water area can use the instruments such as scoop to obtain sediment sample; 2. deepwater regions often uses grab bucket-type dredger or profile lead; 3. be applicable to the geology acquisition mode that oceanic sediment gathers.Obviously, the instrument service conditions such as scoop are limited, are only only applicable to low flow year exposed sediment out, cannot obtain sediment under water; Generally only can collect the sediment on tens centimetres, top layer for grab bucket-type dredger, be applicable to the research of sedimental comprehensive survey, deeper sediment cannot be obtained; Profile lead is the major equipment that the sediment layering of current inland waters gathers, the gravity that conventional profile lead depends on bottom sampler self is pounded to sediment, this acquisition mode has the following disadvantages: first, disturb comparatively large in the process that sediment sample is down pounded at bottom sampler, especially destroy the original physical arrangement of surface deposit; Second, sampling depth depends on own wt, the sample collection degree of depth is subject to the restriction of weight of equipment, profound sample can not be gathered, cause sampling pipe space utilization insufficient, if sampling thief weight is excessive not only operate more difficult, also can higher (needing large ship) to the requirement of sampling environment and condition, this just also result in impact to the universality of products application; 3rd, being subject to the too high and waters flow rate effect sampling thief of center of gravity may tilt, and causes the sample in sampling thief not necessarily can represent actual sediment distribution situation.In research afterwards, HYDRO-BIOS company have developed the profile lead with center rest, improves the impact of inclination, but the defect that its sampling depth is pounded under depending on collector own wt still exists; The HAPS of KC-Denmark company of Denmark research and development vibrates column deposit sampler, good application is obtained in oceanic sediment layering collection, but this weight of equipment is large and expensive, need to be equipped with special winch operation, inland waters gather ship used often cannot provide such condition of work.In addition, oceanic sediment is subject to tidal scour, and basic sediment is comparatively closely knit, can sustain the weight of collector, and the sediment of inland waters is comparatively loose, does not also possess the sampling condition needed for equipment.
Obviously, aforementioned device does not all possess inland waters bedding sediment sample acquisition function, especially the stratified sedimentation thing sample collection of inland waters profound level.Research and development are needed to be applicable to the bedding sediment sampler of inland waters.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of bedding vibration profile lead, makes it be applicable to the sedimental collection of inland waters bedding.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of bedding vibration profile lead, primarily of vibrating mechanism, drainage head, self-equilibrating sealer, sampling pipe, sampling head, center rest, cable, hawser with a scale, Vib. hawser, center rest hawser composition.Drive sampling pipe vibration by vibrating mechanism, make sediment " liquefaction ", thus realize the function of bedding sediment collection.
Hawser with a scale carries the weight of whole instrument, and have sling to be connected with Vib. hawser, center rest hawser below, cable provides electric power supply, does not stress, and power source can provide with portable gasoline generator or sampling ship.
Vibrating mechanism is made up of Vib., barrel shape seal box, connecting pipe, watertight connector, hold-down support, cable socket, stressed steel plate, lacing hole, coupling bolt A.Barrel shape seal box upper and lower cover plates is connected with O-ring seal by bolt, for detachable; Barrel shape seal box is made up of rigid plastic, and to alleviate weight of equipment, top has aperture and places watertight connector, and cable is connected with cable socket by watertight connector, realizes Vib. and powers.Vib. is loaded on hold-down support, and is connected with barrel shape seal box bottom and stressed steel plate by coupling bolt A; Stressed steel plate is circular, and leave four lacing holes around and be connected with Vib. hawser, bottom has connecting pipe to be connected with drainage head.
Drainage head is stainless steel, and top is recessed screw thread, and bottom is convex thread; Draining tube wall is laid with 10 drainage grill, to make when mud sample gathers can fully draining to ensure that mud sample enters sampling pipe; Water delivering orifice is the drain outlet of sampling pipe and drainage head, and its section shape is consistent with self-equilibrating sealer bottom shape.
Self-equilibrating sealer is by self-equilibrating eccentric block and adjust heavy bolt to form.Self-equilibrating eccentric block is made up of light plastic, surface coverage soft silica gel, makes its density ratio water large, and then its center of gravity is concentrated on lower central line, thus realize automatic adjustment by arranging in pairs or groups with the heavy bolt of tune; Adjust heavy bolt also can ensure water outlet and sealing effectiveness, when sampling, the impulse force of draining is backed down simultaneously, and water outlet, in going out water state, drops to water delivering orifice by self gravitation and forms sealing gland after sampling terminates.
Sampling pipe is made up of pipe in integrated sampling pipe and separate type sampling, and its material is acrylic organic glass.Integrated sampling pipe has external thread to be connected with sampling head with drainage head respectively up and down, also can severally link together to sampling pipe carry out lengthening optimize.Wherein, in order to prevent sediment sample to be subject to self gravitation deposition, be convenient to site disposal sediment stratified sample, in separate type sampling, pipe can be inserted in the use of integrated sampling pipe, collection terminates pipe in the sampling of rear release separate type, opens half and just can be separated the sample preserving different depth in time.
Center rest is that light plastic is made, and is integral type structure, comprises stable pipe, connecting link, back up pad, annular connecting link, sling B and balancing weight.Wherein annular connecting link diameter is greater than vibrating mechanism, can safely dropping; Stablize effective in the planar degrees of freedom of constrained sampling pipe, make it vertically down vibrate, and it be consistent with drainage head to stablize length of tube, can mating band scale hawser to judge whether sampling pipe fills up, and ensure that vibrating mechanism does not submerge in sediment; Back up pad is in order to increase lifting surface area; Balancing weight is similar to back up pad shape, by regulating balancing weight to make center rest density and aqueous phase closely, under water in half floating state, thus solving the problem that inland waters cannot support gravity, supporting collecting device Vertical Sampling.
Effect of the present invention and benefit be compared to existing grab bucket bottom sampler and profile lead, devises a portable and effective, adopts the equipment of the bedding sediment sample of vibration " liquefaction " vertical collection inland waters.Compensate for present collection device in sampling operating mode, weight of equipment, sampling environmental limit, invented and be applicable to inland waters sediment deep layer reason, equipment that micro-disturbance, original state fidelity gather, representative by force, the feature such as simple operation, cost be low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is bedding vibration profile lead one-piece construction schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is vibrating mechanism schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is drainage head schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is self-equilibrating sealer schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is sampling pipe schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is center rest schematic diagram.
In figure: 1 vibrating mechanism; 2 drainage heads; 3 self-equilibrating sealers; 4 sampling pipes; 5 sampling heads; 6 center rests; 7 cables; 8 hawsers with a scale; 9 Vib. hawsers; 10 center rest hawsers; 1-1 Vib.; 1-2 barrel shape seal box; 1-3 connecting pipe; 1-4 watertight connector; 1-5 hold-down support; 1-6 cable socket; The stressed steel plate of 1-7; 1-8 lacing hole; 1-9 coupling bolt A; 2-1 draining tube wall; 2-2 drainage grill; 2-3 water delivering orifice; 3-1 self-equilibrating eccentric block; 3-2 adjusts heavy bolt; 4-1 integrated sampling pipe; Pipe in the sampling of 4-2 separate type; The stable pipe of 6-1; 6-2 connecting link; 6-3 back up pad; 6-4 annular connecting link; 6-5 sling B; 6-6 balancing weight.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with technical scheme (and accompanying drawing).
The concrete implementation step of bedding vibration profile lead is as follows:
Step 1: self-equilibrating sealer 3 is put into drainage head 2.
Step 2: utilizing is threaded connects vibrating mechanism 1, drainage head 2, sampling pipe 4, sampling head 5, wherein sampling pipe 4 two has screw thread can combine spreading as required, also can select pipe 4-2 conbined usage in separate type sampling, and the entirety of connection is inserted in in center rest 6.
Step 3: Vib. hawser 9 and center rest hawser 10 are tied up respectively on lacing hole 1-8 and sling B6-5, and be connected with the sling A that hawser 8 with a scale is carried by it, form collecting device tension system.
Step 4: by power supply such as sampling ship or gasoline engine generator etc., switch on power detecting instrument duty, after detecting non-fault, powered-down, charge releasing belt scale hawser 8 and cable 7, transfer collecting device, cable 7 first many release 20 cm when transferring, then synchronous uniform velocity charge releasing belt scale hawser 8 is to guarantee that cable 7 does not stress.
Step 5: when contacting to benthal deposit, switch on power after instrument stabilizer, vibrating mechanism 1 works, by vibration by sampling head 5 and sampling pipe 4 surrounding sediment " liquefaction ", sampling pipe 4 at the uniform velocity creeps into gradually, gather mud sample, the water now in sampling pipe 4 will be discharged through drainage grill 2-2 by water delivering orifice 2-3, ensure do not have pressure reduction inside and outside sampling pipe, diaphragm seal below sampling head 5 is subject to mud sample and impacts, automatically open, as shown in the straight line of Fig. 1 sampling head 5 bottom, mud sample enters sampling pipe smoothly.
Step 6: length and stable pipe 6-1 according to transferring hawser 8 with a scale judge whether to reach sampling depth, after reaching required sampling depth, lift belt scale hawser 8 in energising situation, now, the diaphragm seal be subject in sampling pipe below mud sample weight effect sampling head closes automatically, as shown in Fig. 1 sampling head 5 lower curve, water delivering orifice is also blocked formation sealing gland by self-equilibrating sealer 3, in realization, envelope is lower stifled, ensure that sample does not run off when lifting, continue lift belt scale hawser 8 and judge whether out deposit layer, if gone out deposit layer, power-off, at the uniform velocity lift out the water surface, complete sampling, if select pipe 4-2 in separate type sampling, pipe 4-2 in separate type sampling is also needed to release after water outlet, complete sample separation.
Step 7: next sample collection need change sampling pipe, all the other steps as previously mentioned.
Claims (3)
1. a bedding vibration profile lead, form primarily of vibrating mechanism (1), drainpipe (2), self-equilibrating sealer (3), sampling pipe (4), sampling head (5), center rest (6), electric wire (7), hawser with a scale (8), Vib. hawser (9) and center rest hawser (10), drive sampling pipe (4) vibration by vibrating mechanism (1), make sediment " liquefaction " realize the function of bedding sediment collection; It is characterized in that:
Hawser with a scale (8) carries the weight of whole instrument, sling is had to be connected with Vib. hawser (9), center rest hawser (10) below, cable (7) provides electric power supply, do not stress, power source portable gasoline generator or sampling ship provide;
Vibrating mechanism (1) is made up of Vib. (1-1), barrel shape seal box (1-2), connecting pipe (1-3), watertight connector (1-4), hold-down support (1-5), cable socket (1-6), stressed steel plate (1-7), lacing hole (1-8), coupling bolt A (1-9); Barrel shape seal box (1-2) upper and lower cover plates is connected with O-ring seal by bolt, for detachable; Barrel shape seal box (1-2) is made up of rigid plastic, top has aperture and places watertight connector (1-4), cable (7) is connected with cable socket (1-6) by watertight connector (1-4), realizes Vib. and powers; Vib. (1-1) is loaded on hold-down support (1-5), and is connected with barrel shape seal box (1-2) bottom and stressed steel plate (1-7) by coupling bolt A (1-9); Stressed steel plate (1-7) is circular, and leave 4 lacing holes (1-8) around and be connected with Vib. hawser (9), bottom has connecting pipe (1-3) to be connected with drainage head (2);
Drainage head (2) is stainless steel, and top is recessed screw thread, and bottom is convex thread; Draining tube wall (2-1) is laid with 10 drainage grill (2-2), to make when mud sample gathers can fully draining to ensure that mud sample enters sampling pipe; The drain outlet that water delivering orifice (2-3) is sampling pipe (4) and drainage head (2), its section shape is consistent with self-equilibrating sealer (3) bottom shape;
Self-equilibrating sealer (3) is by self-equilibrating eccentric block (3-1) and adjust heavy bolt (3-2) to form; Self-equilibrating eccentric block (3-1) is made up of light plastic, surface coverage soft silica gel, makes its density ratio water large, and then its center of gravity is concentrated on lower central line, thus realize automatic adjustment by arranging in pairs or groups with the heavy bolt (3-2) of tune; Adjust heavy bolt (3-2) to ensure water outlet and sealing effectiveness, when sampling, the impulse force of draining is backed down, and water delivering orifice (2-3) is in out water state, drops to water delivering orifice (2-3) form sealing gland after sampling terminates by self gravitation;
Sampling pipe (4) is managed (4-2) in being sampled by integrated sampling pipe (4-1) and separate type and is formed, and its material is acrylic organic glass; Integrated sampling pipe (4-1) has external thread to be connected with sampling head (5) with drainage head (2) respectively up and down or severally to link together; Wherein, in separate type sampling, pipe (4-2) is inserted in integrated sampling pipe (4-1) use, gathers and terminates pipe (4-2) in the sampling of rear release separate type;
Center rest (6) is made for light plastic, for integral type structure, comprise stable pipe (6-1), connecting link (6-2), back up pad (6-3), annular connecting link (6-4), sling B (6-5) and balancing weight (6-6); Wherein annular connecting link (6-4) diameter is greater than vibrating mechanism (1); Stable pipe (6-1) is in order to the planar degrees of freedom of constrained sampling pipe (4), it is made vertically down to vibrate, and stable pipe (6-1) length is consistent with drainage head (2), mating band scale hawser (8) to judge whether sampling pipe fills up, and ensures that vibrating mechanism (1) does not submerge in sediment; Back up pad (6-3) is in order to increase lifting surface area; Balancing weight (6-6) is similar to back up pad (6-3) shape, by regulate balancing weight (6-6) make center rest (6) density and aqueous phase near, under water in half floating state, solve the problem that inland waters cannot support gravity, support collecting device Vertical Sampling.
2. a kind of bedding vibration profile lead according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described self-equilibrating sealer (3) coordinates drainpipe (2) to realize draining and sealing gland.
3. a kind of bedding vibration profile lead according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described integrated sampling pipe (4-1) and the interior pipe (4-2) of separate type sampling combinationally use.
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Cited By (16)
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| CN105092302A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-25 | 大连理工大学 | Self-control vibratory sediment sampler |
| CN105158020A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-16 | 上海化工研究院 | Towing rope controlled type sampling ball for sediment at bottom of water |
| CN105675349A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-06-15 | 东北大学 | Tunneling type throwing self-stabilization sediment sampler |
| CN106017987A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 大连理工大学 | Measurement and control system and monitor and control method of vibratory bottom sampler |
| CN106092650A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-11-09 | 上海海洋大学 | Deep-sea is from latent self-floating shallow table deposit sampler |
| CN106872212A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-06-20 | 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所 | A kind of efficient submarine surface fine sand sampler based on the simple body of rod |
| CN107219089A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-09-29 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of pivot angle split box corer and its sampling method |
| CN108387389A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-08-10 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of harvester and acquisition method of coral reef columnar deposition core sample |
| CN108827687A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of high dam depth library column core of sediments acquisition device based on acoustic vibration |
| CN109163934A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-08 | 北京林业大学 | Bottom sampler |
| CN109556913A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-04-02 | 中国海洋大学 | Deep-sea shallow-layer arenaceous sediment object sampler and its sampling method |
| CN112834273A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-05-25 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Undisturbed high-frequency vibration sediment sampler |
| CN113450549A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-28 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Automatic tidal water collecting device in estuary area |
| CN113567175A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-29 | 河海大学 | Ocean sediment sampling system and sampling method |
| CN113702105A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-26 | 章连珠 | Multitube column mud sampler |
| CN118067429A (en) * | 2024-04-24 | 2024-05-24 | 江苏省环境监测中心 | Sediment sampling device for water ecological investigation |
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| CN105092302A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-25 | 大连理工大学 | Self-control vibratory sediment sampler |
| CN105092302B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-07-24 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of automatic control oscillatory type sediment sampler |
| CN105675349A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-06-15 | 东北大学 | Tunneling type throwing self-stabilization sediment sampler |
| CN106017987A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 大连理工大学 | Measurement and control system and monitor and control method of vibratory bottom sampler |
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| CN106872212A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-06-20 | 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所 | A kind of efficient submarine surface fine sand sampler based on the simple body of rod |
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| CN108387389B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2021-01-29 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Collecting device and collecting method for coral reef-like sedimentary rock core sample |
| CN108827687A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of high dam depth library column core of sediments acquisition device based on acoustic vibration |
| CN108827687B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2024-05-14 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | High dam deep reservoir sediment column core collection system based on sound wave vibration |
| CN109163934A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-08 | 北京林业大学 | Bottom sampler |
| CN109556913B (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2022-03-22 | 中国海洋大学 | Deep-sea shallow-layer sandy sediment sampler and sampling method thereof |
| CN109556913A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-04-02 | 中国海洋大学 | Deep-sea shallow-layer arenaceous sediment object sampler and its sampling method |
| CN112834273B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2023-02-28 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Undisturbed high-frequency vibration sediment sampler |
| CN112834273A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-05-25 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Undisturbed high-frequency vibration sediment sampler |
| CN113450549A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-28 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Automatic tidal water collecting device in estuary area |
| CN113567175A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-29 | 河海大学 | Ocean sediment sampling system and sampling method |
| CN113702105A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-26 | 章连珠 | Multitube column mud sampler |
| CN118067429A (en) * | 2024-04-24 | 2024-05-24 | 江苏省环境监测中心 | Sediment sampling device for water ecological investigation |
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| CN104849102B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
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