CN104776834B - A kind of deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation automatic distributing and discharging System and method for - Google Patents
A kind of deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation automatic distributing and discharging System and method for Download PDFInfo
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- CN104776834B CN104776834B CN201510194731.9A CN201510194731A CN104776834B CN 104776834 B CN104776834 B CN 104776834B CN 201510194731 A CN201510194731 A CN 201510194731A CN 104776834 B CN104776834 B CN 104776834B
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
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Abstract
A kind of deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation automatic distributing and discharging System and method for, comprise automatic lifting hole pressure meter, the underwater sound/long-wave communication device, boat-carrying controller and lay equipment, automatic lifting hole pressure meter is bottom-up comprises lower drill bit, counterweight, main control cabin, floating body material, upper drill bit and fender bracket successively; The underwater sound/long-wave communication device and boat-carrying controller are used for pressing meter to control to automatic lifting hole.Support and pressure meter feeding sea bed surface, automatic lifting hole will be laid by suspension hook when laying; Lower drill bit starts boring and enters sediment, out of service after arriving set depth; Laid by Cable taking up suspension hook.During recovery, start release by emissioning controling signal, make automatic lifting hole press the part of meter except lower drill bit and counterweight thereof to be separated, make it float, and reclaim.What present invention, avoiding complicated deep-sea instrument lays recovery repeatedly, improves work efficiency, reduces scientific research cost, avoids recovery and lays the artificial disturbance of process to work place study environment again.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation automatic distributing and discharging System and method for, belong to ocean observation technology field and marine engineering geology field.
Background technology
Pore water pressure (hereinafter referred to as hole pressure) refers to the pressure of underground water in soil or rock, and this pressure acts between particulate or hole, and it is divided into quiet hole to press and super quiet hole pressure.Hole is pressed in seafloor soil and especially in grittiness sea bed, plays a very important role.The pressure change of hole, current known seabed can cause many Liquefaction Failure phenomenons, as excessive the washing away around the subsiding of silt sea bed, pit, flour sand stream and structure base causes oil pipe support to sink etc.Adopt hole pressure recording geometry to carry out in-situ observation, data the most true and reliable can be obtained in theory, for scientific research or instruct engineering practice activity.
Hole pressure recording geometry comprises hole pressure meter and harvester, also needs to add auxiliary recovery unit, also need auxiliary arranging device, real-time communication equipment or external power supply etc. for in-situ observation.For the in-situ observation process of hole pressure, the technology of scope own is enough ripe, but be suitable for lay installation method and cannot satisfy the demand all the time.
For hole pressure recording geometry lay installation, current industry is generally acknowledged boring method, plunging and boring plunging.Boring method be exactly in brief at precalculated position, seabed drilling to designated depth, put into hole pressure meter.Plunging adopts electronic or hydraulically operated equipment (HOE), directly hole pressure meter is pressed into the inner designated depth of sea bed by force.Boring plunging is elder generation 0.5-1m on designated depth is drilled in seabed, then uses plunging to press meter to be pressed into designated depth in hole.Above three kinds of situations all can be selected to leave standstill or backfill boring according to field condition.
The hole pressure recording geometry of traditional structure, and the currently used installation method that lays matches, the final structure after having laid is roughly the same.Reclaim requirement for meeting equipment, classic method generally all needs to reclaim servicing unit (such as counterweight, suspension hook, foot rest, subsurface buoy or buoy etc.) in sea bed face so that upper part is reserved.Therefore, harvester is also often placed in more than sea bed face.And hole pressure meter will bury the following certain depth in sea bed face underground, and with collector or reclaim servicing unit and be connected by cable or the body of rod.So at the outside surface of cable and the body of rod, form a unavoidable pore water conduction path, even often through sea bed surface is communicated with seawater.
Due to the singularity of hole pressure parameter, require that measurement must in independent, airtight environment.Classic method is exaggerated pore water environment, is even changed into open environment, makes collection result to represent target property, even meaningless.Current industry there is no universally recognized method and addresses this problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation automatic distributing and discharging System and method for, comprise one be enclosed within pressure recording geometry basis, original hole carries out improving, more adapt to in-situ observation feature press recording geometry without cable hole, and the original position matched with it lays, recovery method.The present invention can be good at solving in the pressure observation process of current hole, the pore water access problems of cable or body of rod outside surface, hole is made to press meter can be in an airtight stable environment, impact scope being added up and dissipate on pore water pressure reduces as far as possible, making the on-the-spot truth of in-situ observation data fit, is better research and engineering activity service.
A kind of deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation automatic distributing and discharging system, is characterized in that this system comprises automatic lifting hole pressure meter, the underwater sound/long-wave communication device, boat-carrying controller and lays equipment,
Described automatic lifting hole pressure meter is the cylindrical structure that upper and lower two ends are respectively equipped with conical drill bit, and this automatic lifting hole pressure meter is bottom-up comprises lower drill bit, counterweight, main control cabin, floating body material, upper drill bit and fender bracket successively; Wherein, described main control cabin bottom is release, and this release is connected with main control cabin by underwater electrical connector and supplies with holding signal communication and power supply, and is provided with sensor for pore water pressure in main control cabin;
Be furnished with independent battery and depth sensor in described lower drill bit, lower drill bit and counterweight are coupled as one; Counterweight upper end adopts keyhole structure to be connected with the controlled end of release in main control cabin;
Described main control cabin inside is also provided with governor circuit, the underwater sound/long-wave communication device, tracing and positioning GPS, depth sensor, power supply (comprising normal power supplies and standby power supply) and hole pressure signal incoming end underwater electrical connector; Described sensor for pore water pressure signal incoming end underwater electrical connector is fixed on the sidewall of main control cabin; Main control cabin top, by the floating body material of single line cable pipe through top, is connected with upper drill bit, and there is the signal cable for connecting main control cabin and upper drill bit described cable tube inside;
Described fender bracket is cylindrical, and drill bit lived in by cover, and main control cabin outside surface is fixed in fender bracket lower end, and fender bracket outside surface is provided with protruding block, for engaging with the equipment of laying;
The described underwater sound/long-wave communication device is used for boat-carrying controller signals to be converted to underwater sound signal and long wave radio ripple signal simultaneously, this underwater sound/long-wave communication device comprises a housing, housing tip has Kev to draw cable interface, the underwater sound to receive and dispatch source, there is wireless aerial housing bottom, has underwater acoustic communication device and long wave radio ripple communicator in housing;
Described boat-carrying controller comprises communication controller, Kev draws cable interface, underwater acoustic communication device and long wave radio ripple communicator, and is controlled automatic lifting hole pressure meter by the underwater sound/long-wave communication device; When laying, boat-carrying controller draws cable to be connected with the underwater sound/long-wave communication device by Kev;
The described equipment that lays comprises and lays support and the suspension hook with counterweight, and wherein, lay support and be made up of the cylindric sheath on top and four foot rests of bottom, both are rigidly connected; When laying, the top of automatic lifting hole pressure meter is fixed on described cylindric sheath, and under Ya Ji bottom, automatic lifting hole, the level height of drill bit is higher than the bottom height of four foot rests; The counterweight of described suspension hook is used for stablizing suspension hook and automatic lifting hole pressure meter, and this counterweight is as the upper limit end laying support simultaneously, and automatic lifting hole pressure meter is limited in below this counterweight; When laying, suspension hook is used for automatic lifting hole pressure to count and lay support to hang in water, and after having laid, suspension hook will lay support and reclaim.
Described counterweight comprises a cylinder be arranged on above lower drill bit, and on cylinder, cover has multiple balancing disk, and the quantity of the balancing disk that can be enclosed within cylinder by increase and decrease adjusts the gross weight of counterweight.
The wireless aerial of the described underwater sound/long-wave communication device housing bottom is a conical metal block, can be inserted into seabed at the underwater sound/long-wave communication device when the end.
Make overall net weight in the automatic lifting hole pressure meter air machined be M, volume is V; In counterweight and lower drill bit air, net weight is m
1, volume is v
1; When automatic lifting hole pressure meter reclaims, wish that its maximum ascent rate is in the seawater VSmax=2m/s, if the resistance coefficient of seawater is that (resistance is main relevant with cross-sectional area and speed for k, other factors can be ignored, and cross-sectional area is definite value, therefore can be included in k, therefore the change of resistance can think only relevant with speed, through observation, this coefficient range is at 0.3<k<0.45), resistance is F
resistance;
Transfer automatic lifting hole pressure meter with cable and arrive sea bed face to lower drill bit cone point, now, automatic lifting hole pressure meter buoyancy is F
floating, gravity is the anchorage force in G, sea bed face---be also simultaneously net weight power in dropping process be F
c, speed is close to 0, and resistance can be ignored;
F
c=G – F
floating=mg – ρ gV;
During recovery, release is opened, and jettisoning counterweight and lower drill bit, float up to maximal rate VSmax=2m/s;
Now do linear uniform motion, F
rising buoyancy=F
resistance+ (G – G1), i.e. ρ g (V – v
1)=k*VSmax+ (M – m
1) * g
By the ratio of counterweight and floating body material in the pressure meter of adjustment automatic lifting hole, adjust M, m
1, V and v
1value, make following two formulas set up;
0.2*F
floating<F
c<0.4*F
floating; Namely for the net weight power in dropping process to be limited within the scope of this in enable automatic lifting hole press 1 the end time according to desired speed, and make speed can not be too fast or excessively slow;
ρ g (V – v
1)=k*VSmax+ (M – m
1) * g, namely determine the relation between parameters according to the floating maximal rate of setting.
The essence of the underwater sound of the present invention/long-wave communication device is a breakout box, and its effect boat-carrying controller signals is converted to simultaneously underwater sound signal and long wave radio ripple signal.On the one hand, the transmission range of acoustics communication in saturated sediment affects by factors such as its frequency, signal intensity and sediment consolidation state, pressure, transmission range is from not being less than one meter to tens meters not etc., so the transmission of underwater acoustic communication in sediment likely but cannot adapt to completely.On the other hand, although electromagnetic wave is at water transmission, seawater is very strong to the absorption of electromagnetic wave energy, and the electro-magnetic wave absorption effect for different wave length is different.Wavelength is shorter, and decay is in the seawater more severe, and therefore shortwave almost cannot be propagated through seawater.And longer long wave, the very long wave of wavelength, myriameter waves attenuation degree in the seawater will be much smaller, can enter tens meters in the water of hundreds of rice, transmission range can be farther in solids in theory.Long-wave communication transmission attenuation is little, reliable and stable, but the frequency band of communication is narrower, can only be used for low speed communication.When equipment real work of the present invention, two kinds of means of communications release probe signal simultaneously, and monitor the intensity of back-signalling, most suitable communication channel under selecting this environment according to signal intensity.The underwater sound/long-wave communication device entirety is rectangular parallelepiped profile, in addition also have the watertight plug receptacle on top, underwater sound transmitting-receiving source and the wireless aerial of bottom, communication controller will be comprised from structure, Kev draws cable interface, underwater acoustic communication device and long wave radio ripple communicator.When scene lays, drawn by the Kev being connected with boat-carrying controller cable to receive on the watertight interface of the underwater sound/long-wave communication device, then it is sunk to seabed from ship.Now, one end of communicator is Kafellon cable connected boat set controller, and the other end is pressed to count to preserve by the underwater sound/long wave two kinds of means of communications and automatic lifting hole and got in touch with, thus the communication both realizing.
Boat-carrying controller profile, as a square palm machine, panel has liquid crystal display, direction controller, acknowledgement key and a cancel key, and bottom has a Kev to draw cable access interface.The effect of boat-carrying controller comprises the communication modes of the selection underwater sound/long-wave communication device, the communication state checking the underwater sound/long-wave communication device, the start and stop of drill bit up and down controlling automatic lifting hole pressure meter, the operation controlling automatic lifting hole pressure meter release, the sensor for pore water pressure work controlling automatic lifting hole pressure meter, the state parameter checking automatic lifting hole pressure meter, providing holes pressure sampling rate, sampling interval, return data etc.
The auxiliary equipment that lays is characterized in that comprising and auxiliaryly lays support, controlled suspension hook and counterweight.Auxiliary lay support and be made up of the cylindric sheath on top and four foot rests of bottom, both adopt welding manner to be rigidly connected.There are a through hole in circular counterweight central authorities, and the hanger rope on controlled suspension hook is through this through hole, and be used on the one hand stablizing suspension hook and automatic lifting hole pressure meter, circular counterweight is as the auxiliary upper limit end laying support on the other hand, is stuck in below this position.Controlled suspension hook cable can be used aboard ship to lift put into seabed, can control its suspension hook that is closed, that open by machinery, hydraulic pressure or electric approach.Two tong arms of suspension hook also respectively have a little galianconism, and when suspension hook closes, little galianconism is received in tong arm side-lower, ensures that work of transferring is unaffected; After suspension hook is opened, the side that little galianconism is softened, can after having transferred, and while regaining suspension hook, recovery is auxiliary lays support.
Above-mentioned deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation automatic distributing and discharging system lay method, comprise
1. select in-situ observation website;
It is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
2. navigate and laying system is transported to above observation station;
3. first draw cable to transfer to sea bed by discharging Kev the underwater sound be connected with boat-carrying controller/long-wave communication device;
4. will lay support is again nested with in Ya Ji periphery, automatic lifting hole, will lay support and pressure meter feeding sea bed surface, automatic lifting hole by suspension hook;
5. boat-carrying controller sends enabling signal to automatic lifting hole pressure meter, and pressure meter lower drill bit in automatic lifting hole starts boring and enters sediment, out of service after arriving set depth;
6. open suspension hook automatic lifting hole pressure to be discharged from suspension hook;
7. by Cable taking up suspension hook, thus will lay support recovery, pack up Kev simultaneously and draw cable to reclaim the underwater sound/long-wave communication device, original position has laid.
Utilize said method lay after method to this system recoveries, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
8. navigate and again sail to above observation station;
9. draw cable by release Kev, the underwater sound/long-wave communication device is transferred to sea bed;
10. start release by emissioning controling signal, make automatic lifting hole press the part of meter except lower drill bit and counterweight thereof to be separated, make it float, and reclaim;
11. pack up Kev draws cable to reclaim the underwater sound/long-wave communication device, and recovery task completes.
In step 1, conventionally the submarine geology survey data of this point is analyzed, hole pressure Observational depth required for discussion and feasible hole pressure Observational depth scope, in conjunction with weather and sea situation, finally determine to carry out time, place, the degree of depth (the following degree of depth in sea bed face) etc. that in-situ observation lays.
In step 2, lay preparation and comprise hull and stablize, cast anchor and assemble instrument and equipment, by automatic lifting hole pressure meter, auxiliaryly lay support, controlled suspension hook, counterweight connect successively; Cable is drawn to be connected with boat-carrying controller by Kev the underwater sound/long-wave communication device; Arrange automatic lifting hole pressure meter to prepare cloth and be put into the degree of depth in sediment; The environmental parameters such as current wave, the depth of water, fluid velocity profile, shallow seismic profile are measured when conditions permit.
In step 3, draw cable by release Kev, the underwater sound/long-wave communication device is put into seabed, steadily falls sea bed face.From the underwater sound/long-wave communication device enters water, to fetch boiling water acoustic communication and ratio long wave communication simultaneously, moment is paid close attention to the underwater sound/long-wave communication device and presses the signal counted to dock situation with automatic lifting hole, and after communication channel is successfully established, notice that automatic lifting hole pressure counts the performance parameter (as the degree of depth, electricity etc.) transmitted.
In step 4, staff needs slowly to transfer hawser, by assemble auxiliary lay equipment and automatic lifting hole pressure meter be put into sea bed surface.Now the auxiliary support seat end that lays, stablizes, and automatic lifting hole pressure meter also keeps directly in sea bed face.After this hawser continues to transfer, and the depth value reading automatic lifting hole pressure meter from boat-carrying controller but no longer changes, and the equipment that proves sits end success, demarcates sea bed datum-plane position.Then keep this degree of depth constant, slightly tighten up hawser, complete and lay early-stage preparations.
In step 5, monitor on boat-carrying controller, automatic lifting hole pressure meter, by the depth data of the underwater sound/long-wave communication device passback, after it is stable, starts lower drill bit by boat-carrying controller.Until current depth reaches the plan arranged in the sea bed reference field and step 2 demarcated in step 4 lay degree of depth sum, lower drill bit is out of service, then enters long-term observation pattern.
In step 6,7, open controlled suspension hook, reclaim hawser, now the forearm of suspension hook can block and lay auxiliary stand, it is together regained, and then draws cable to regain the underwater sound/long-wave communication device by reclaiming Kev.Now, in-situ observation lays work and completes, departure of weighing anchor.
In step 8, arrive and specify erect-position, draw cable to be connected with boat-carrying controller by Kev the underwater sound/long-wave communication device; Carry out site environment investigation.
In step 9, draw cable by release Kev, the underwater sound/long-wave communication device is put into seabed, steadily falls sea bed face.Then attempt respectively pressing meter to get in touch with automatic lifting hole by two kinds of means, the signal intensity that both acquisitions return, and select relatively reliable a kind of communication modes.Carry out the passback of equipment status parameter after setting up communication, comprise current depth, dump energy, observation data bulletin etc.
In step 10, can need according to field condition (such as dump energy, change in depth etc.) and observation, select data collection or reclaimer.
During data collection, operation boat-carrying controller requires data back to automatic lifting hole pressure meter, by the underwater sound/long-wave communication device switching, and data direct steamer set controller.Then regain the underwater sound/long-wave communication device.
During reclaimer, still advise first data collection.First operation boat-carrying controller opens release, the counterweight of jettisoning automatic lifting hole pressure meter and lower drill bit; Then start upper drill bit, open GPS, automatic lifting hole pressure meter gets out under the help of floating body material from sediment, through sea; Salvage according to gps signal position and offshore floating principle condition.Then reclaim the underwater sound/long-wave communication device.
The present invention is by the underwater sound/long wave Self Matching communication system, well complete the data transmission in in-situ observation process, what avoid complicated deep-sea instrument lays recovery repeatedly, improve work efficiency on the one hand, reduce scientific research cost, also effectively prevent recovery lays the artificial disturbance of process to work place study environment more on the other hand.In addition, the process of the exclusive automatic drilling-long-term observation of the present invention-abandon counterweight-the automatic recovery, that carries out instrument by means of only operation boat-carrying controller lays recovery, compared with the modes such as traditional deep sea core-lift by crane by force, significantly reducing the difficulty of field observation work, can be better research and engineering activity service.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The modular organization schematic diagram of Fig. 1 laying system of the present invention.
The entirety of Fig. 2 automatic lifting hole of the present invention pressure meter and modularization decomposition texture schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 underwater sound of the present invention/long-wave communication device and boat-carrying controller connection diagram.
Fig. 4 is of the present invention lays equipment schematic diagram.
Schematic diagram when Fig. 4 a suspension hook is opened, schematic diagram when Fig. 4 b suspension hook cuts out, Fig. 4 c lays support front elevation, and Fig. 4 d lays support vertical view.
Fig. 5 the present invention lays process schematic.
Fig. 6 removal process schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, 1. automatic lifting hole pressure meter, the 2. underwater sound/long-wave communication device, 3. boat-carrying controller, 4. lays equipment; 5. assist and lay support, 6. suspension hook, 7. fender bracket, 8. go up drill bit, 9. floating body material; 10. main control cabin, 11. sensor for pore water pressures, 12. counterweights, 13. times drill bits, 14. Kevs draw cable.
Embodiment
As Figure 1-4, the project organization of seabed pore water pressure recording geometry comprises automatic lifting hole pressure meter 1, the underwater sound/long-wave communication device 2, boat-carrying controller 3 and assists the equipment that lays 4 (comprise assisting and lay support 5, controlled suspension hook and counterweight 6) each a set of.Wherein, as shown in Figure 2, meter 1 is bottom-up comprises lower drill bit 13, counterweight 12, main control cabin 10 (comprising release), sensor for pore water pressure 11, floating body material 9, upper drill bit 8 and fender bracket 7 successively for automatic lifting hole pressure.Lower drill bit 13 is connected with main control cabin 10 by release with counterweight 12.And main control cabin 10, sensor for pore water pressure 11, floating body material 9, upper drill bit 8 and fender bracket 7 adopt bolt arrangement to be rigidly connected successively.
Before original position lays, cable 14 is drawn to be connected with boat-carrying controller 3 Kev the underwater sound/long-wave communication device 2 according to Fig. 3; Fender bracket 7 is nested into protruding block from the top of automatic lifting hole pressure meter 1 block, is suspended on controlled suspension hook, completes and lay preparation.
As Fig. 5, it lays method and comprises the following steps:
1. select in-situ observation website, analysis is carried out to this point, and determines to lay scheme
Need to analyze the submarine geology survey data of this point, hole pressure Observational depth required for discussion and feasible hole pressure Observational depth scope, in conjunction with weather and sea situation, finally determine to carry out time, place, the degree of depth (the following degree of depth in sea bed face) etc. that in-situ observation lays.
2. to navigate predetermined observation station, carry out laying preparation
Lay preparation to comprise hull and stablize, cast anchor and assemble instrument and equipment.By automatic lifting hole pressure meter, auxiliary lay support, controlled suspension hook, counterweight connect successively; Cable is drawn to be connected with boat-carrying controller by Kev the underwater sound/long-wave communication device; Arrange automatic lifting hole pressure meter to prepare cloth and be put into the degree of depth in sediment; The environmental parameters such as current wave, the depth of water, fluid velocity profile, shallow seismic profile are measured when conditions permit.
3. draw cable by release Kev, the underwater sound/long-wave communication device is transferred to sea bed (Fig. 5 A)
Draw cable by release Kev, the underwater sound/long-wave communication device is put into seabed, steadily falls sea bed face.From the underwater sound/long-wave communication device enters water, to fetch boiling water acoustic communication and ratio long wave communication simultaneously, moment is paid close attention to the underwater sound/long-wave communication device and presses the signal counted to dock situation with automatic lifting hole, and after communication channel is successfully established, notice that automatic lifting hole pressure counts the performance parameter (as the degree of depth, electricity etc.) transmitted.
4. automatic lifting hole pressure meter is sent into sea bed surface (Fig. 5 B, Fig. 5 C)
Staff needs slowly to transfer hawser, by assemble auxiliary lay equipment and automatic lifting hole pressure meter be put into sea bed surface.Now the auxiliary support seat end that lays, stablizes, and automatic lifting hole pressure meter also keeps directly in sea bed face.After this hawser continues to transfer, and the depth value reading automatic lifting hole pressure meter from boat-carrying controller but no longer changes, and the equipment that proves sits end success, demarcates sea bed datum-plane position.Then keep this degree of depth constant, slightly tighten up hawser, complete and lay early-stage preparations.
5. boat-carrying controller sends enabling signal to automatic lifting hole pressure meter, and automatic lifting hole pressure meter starts boring and enters sediment, after arrival designated depth (Fig. 5 D) out of service
Monitor on boat-carrying controller, automatic lifting hole pressure meter, by the depth data of the underwater sound/long-wave communication device passback, after it is stable, starts lower drill bit by boat-carrying controller.Until current depth reaches the plan arranged in the sea bed reference field and step 2 demarcated in step 4 lay degree of depth sum, lower drill bit is out of service, then enters long-term observation pattern.
6. reclaim to assist and lay equipment and the underwater sound/long-wave communication device, original position has laid
Open controlled suspension hook (Fig. 5 E), reclaim hawser (Fig. 5 F), now the forearm of suspension hook can block and lay auxiliary stand, it is together regained (Fig. 5 G), then draws cable to regain the underwater sound/long-wave communication device (Fig. 5 H) by reclaiming Kev.Now, in-situ observation lays work and completes, departure of weighing anchor.
As Fig. 6, its recovery method comprises:
7. again steer a ship to and observe erect-position, carry out device assembles
Arrive and specify erect-position (Fig. 6 A), draw cable to be connected with boat-carrying controller by Kev the underwater sound/long-wave communication device; Carry out site environment investigation.
8. draw cable by release Kev, the underwater sound/long-wave communication device is transferred to sea bed (Fig. 6 B)
Draw cable by release Kev, the underwater sound/long-wave communication device is put into seabed, steadily falls sea bed face.Then attempt respectively pressing meter to get in touch with automatic lifting hole by two kinds of means, the signal intensity that both acquisitions return, and select relatively reliable a kind of communication modes.Carry out the passback of equipment status parameter after setting up communication, comprise current depth, dump energy, observation data bulletin etc.
9. data collection/reclaimer.
Can need according to field condition (such as dump energy, change in depth etc.) and observation, select data collection or reclaimer.
During data collection, operation boat-carrying controller requires data back to automatic lifting hole pressure meter, by the underwater sound/long-wave communication device switching, and data direct steamer set controller.Then regain the underwater sound/long-wave communication device.
During reclaimer, still advise first data collection.As Fig. 6 C, Fig. 6 D, first operation boat-carrying controller opens release, the counterweight of jettisoning automatic lifting hole pressure meter and lower drill bit; Then start upper drill bit, open GPS, automatic lifting hole pressure meter gets out under the help of floating body material from sediment, through sea; Salvage according to gps signal position and offshore floating principle condition.Then reclaim the underwater sound/long-wave communication device and get final product (Fig. 6 E).
Embodiment
The submarine delta in the Huanghe River Estuary field observation works, and lays seabed pore water pressure recording geometry.According to the using method that the present invention taked and step, mounting equipment, carries out original position smoothly and lays.
Steer a ship after laying 25 to observation station position, put down the underwater sound/long-wave communication device, first obtain the image data (comprise and gather moment, hole pressure value, current depth etc.) in this period, then obtain the running state parameter (comprising current depth, dump energy etc.) of current device.Because dump energy is greater than expection, on-the-spot decision carries out taking turns observation again, reclaims the underwater sound/long-wave communication device, then makes a return voyage.
Observation station is got back to after laying 45, put down the underwater sound/long-wave communication device, first obtain the image data (comprise and gather moment, hole pressure value, current depth etc.) in this period, then obtain the running state parameter (comprising current depth, dump energy etc.) of current device.Send it back the collection of letters number by boat-carrying controller, automatic lifting hole pressure meter is opened release successively, starts drill bit in standby power supply, startup, is opened GPS.Salvage according to the position of gps signal on sea, reclaim the underwater sound/long-wave communication device.
Claims (6)
1. a deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation automatic distributing and discharging system, it is characterized in that this system comprises automatic lifting hole pressure meter (1), the underwater sound/long-wave communication device (2), boat-carrying controller (3) and lays equipment (4)
Described automatic lifting hole pressure meter (1) is the cylindrical structure that upper and lower two ends are respectively equipped with conical drill bit, and (1) is bottom-up comprises lower drill bit (13), counterweight (12), main control cabin (10), floating body material (9), upper drill bit (8) and fender bracket (7) successively for this automatic lifting hole pressure meter; Wherein, described main control cabin (10) bottom is release, this release is connected with main control cabin (10) by underwater electrical connector and supplies with holding signal communication and power supply, and is provided with sensor for pore water pressure (11) in main control cabin (10);
Be furnished with independent battery and depth sensor in described lower drill bit (13), lower drill bit (13) and counterweight (12) are coupled as one; Counterweight (12) upper end adopts keyhole structure to be connected with the controlled end of main control cabin (10) interior release;
Described main control cabin (10) inside is also provided with governor circuit, the underwater sound/long-wave communication device, tracing and positioning GPS, depth sensor, power supply and hole pressure signal incoming end underwater electrical connector, and wherein said power supply comprises normal power supplies and standby power supply; Described sensor for pore water pressure (11) signal incoming end underwater electrical connector is fixed on the sidewall of main control cabin (10); Main control cabin (10) top is by the floating body material (9) of single line cable pipe through top, be connected with upper drill bit (8), there is the signal cable for connecting main control cabin (10) and upper drill bit (8) described cable tube inside;
Described fender bracket (7) is cylindrical, and drill bit (8) lived in by cover, main control cabin (10) outside surface is fixed in fender bracket (7) lower end, fender bracket (7) outside surface is provided with protruding block, for lay equipment (4) and engage;
The described underwater sound/long-wave communication device (2) is for being converted to underwater sound signal and long wave radio ripple signal by boat-carrying controller (3) signal simultaneously, this underwater sound/long-wave communication device (2) comprises a housing, housing tip has Kev to draw cable interface, the underwater sound to receive and dispatch source, there is wireless aerial housing bottom, has underwater acoustic communication device and long wave radio ripple communicator in housing;
Described boat-carrying controller (3) comprises communication controller, Kev draws cable interface, underwater acoustic communication device and long wave radio ripple communicator, and is controlled automatic lifting hole pressure meter (1) by the underwater sound/long-wave communication device (2); When laying, boat-carrying controller (3) draws cable to be connected with the underwater sound/long-wave communication device (2) by Kev;
The described equipment (4) that lays comprises and auxiliary lays support (5) and the suspension hook (6) with counterweight, wherein, auxiliary lay support (5) and be made up of the cylindric sheath on top and four foot rests of bottom, both are rigidly connected; When laying, the top in automatic lifting hole pressure meter (1) is fixed on described cylindric sheath, and under pressure meter (1) bottom, automatic lifting hole, the level height of drill bit (13) is higher than the bottom height of four foot rests; The counterweight of described suspension hook (6) is used for stablizing suspension hook (6) and automatic lifting hole pressure meter (1), this counterweight is as the auxiliary upper limit end laying support (5) simultaneously, and automatic lifting hole pressure meter (1) is limited in below this counterweight; When laying, suspension hook (6) is for laying support (5) by automatic lifting hole pressure meter (1) hang in water with auxiliary, and after having laid, the auxiliary support (5) that lays reclaims by suspension hook (6).
2. deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation automatic distributing and discharging system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described counterweight (12) comprises the cylinder that is arranged on lower drill bit (13) top, on cylinder, cover has multiple balancing disk.
3. deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation automatic distributing and discharging system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the wireless aerial of the described underwater sound/long-wave communication device (2) housing bottom is a conical metal block.
4. deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation automatic distributing and discharging system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Make overall net weight in automatic lifting hole pressure meter (1) air machined be M, volume is V; In counterweight and lower drill bit air, net weight is m
1, volume is v
1; Automatic lifting hole pressure meter 1 is when reclaiming, and wish that its maximum ascent rate is in the seawater VSmax=2m/s, the resistance coefficient of seawater is k, and resistance is F
resistance;
Transfer automatic lifting hole pressure meter (1) with cable and arrive sea bed face to lower drill bit (13) cone point, now, automatic lifting hole pressure meter (1) buoyancy is F
floating, gravity is the anchorage force in G, sea bed face---be also simultaneously net weight power in dropping process be F
c, speed is close to 0, and resistance can be ignored;
Then F
c=G – F
floating=mg – ρ gV;
During recovery, release is opened, and jettisoning counterweight (12) and lower drill bit (13), float up to maximal rate VSmax=2m/s;
F
rising buoyancy=F
resistance+ (G – G1), i.e. ρ g (V – v
1)=k*VSmax+ (M – m
1) * g;
Above-mentioned parameters meets following two relational expressions:
0.2*F
floating<F
c<0.4*F
floating;
ρg(V–v
1)＝k*VSmax+(M–m
1)*g。
5. deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation automatic distributing and discharging system according to claim 1 lay method, comprise
Step one. select in-situ observation website;
It is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step 2. navigate and laying system is transported to above observation station;
Step 3. first draw cable to transfer to sea bed by discharging Kev the underwater sound be connected with boat-carrying controller (3)/long-wave communication device (2);
Step 4. the more auxiliary support (5) that lays is nested with in pressure meter (1) periphery, automatic lifting hole, lays support (5) and automatic lifting hole pressure meter (1) by suspension hook (6) by auxiliary to send into sea bed surperficial;
Step 5. boat-carrying controller (3) sends enabling signal to automatic lifting hole pressure meter (1), and under automatic lifting hole pressure meter (1), drill bit (13) starts boring and enters sediment, out of service after arriving set depth;
Step 6. open suspension hook (6) to be discharged from suspension hook (6) in automatic lifting hole pressure (1);
Step 7. by Cable taking up suspension hook (6), thus reclaimed by the auxiliary support (5) that lays, pack up Kev simultaneously and draw cable to reclaim the underwater sound/long-wave communication device (2), original position has laid.
6. utilize the method for claim 5 lay after method to this system recoveries, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step one. navigate and again sail to above observation station;
Step 2. draw cable by release Kev, the underwater sound/long-wave communication device (2) is transferred to sea bed;
Step 3. start release by emissioning controling signal, make automatic lifting hole press the part of meter (1) except lower drill bit (13) and counterweight (12) thereof to be separated, make it float, and reclaim;
Step 4. pack up Kev and draw cable to reclaim the underwater sound/long-wave communication device (2), recovery task completes.
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| CN201510194731.9A CN104776834B (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | A kind of deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation automatic distributing and discharging System and method for |
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| CN104792452B (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2016-03-30 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of automatic lifting without cable formula deep-sea floor pore water pressure long-term observation device |
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| CN108827840B (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-07-23 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | The field test device and method of rapid accumulation bottom sediment consolidation settlement |
| CN109883590A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-14 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of seat bottom structure buoyancy measurement experimental rig and method |
| CN110034965A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-07-19 | 启迪入思技术有限公司 | Emergency communication and electric power networks building method and system in the subsurface rock of seabed |
| CN111947826B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-03-19 | 中国海洋大学 | Seabed pore water pressure observation device based on internal solitary wave and working method thereof |
| CN113418512B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-07-26 | 中国海洋大学 | Wave direction measuring method based on differential pressure method |
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| US4329883A (en) * | 1974-04-26 | 1982-05-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Apparatus for collecting deep-sea sediment pore water |
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