CN104844291A - Burnt tobacco leaf stacking warehouse and stacking fermentation method - Google Patents
Burnt tobacco leaf stacking warehouse and stacking fermentation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104844291A CN104844291A CN201510201094.3A CN201510201094A CN104844291A CN 104844291 A CN104844291 A CN 104844291A CN 201510201094 A CN201510201094 A CN 201510201094A CN 104844291 A CN104844291 A CN 104844291A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a burnt tobacco leaf stacking warehouse, which includes several rows of bosses arranged on the warehouse ground. Each row of bosses include at least two bosses, and each boss surface is an arched surface. The invention also discloses a burnt tobacco leaf stacking fermentation method. The method comprises: reserving at least one vacant boss, subjecting the rest bosses to tobacco leaf stacking, during first stack turning, transferring the tobacco leaves of one boss to a vacant boss from top to bottom in order, letting the stack turned boss form a new vacant boss, repeating the steps to transfer the tobacco leaves on the rest bosses to vacant bosses from top to bottom in order, thus finishing first stack turning; and conducting second or more stack turning like the way, thus finishing fermentation finally. The burnt tobacco leaf stacking warehouse adopts several rows of bosses to conduct stacking separately, thus facilitating stack turning. The arched bosses enable the tobacco leaf head end upward inclinedly, the tobacco leaf fermentation can be more uniform, and the fermentation quality can be improved. Tobacco leaves are transferred between bosses to perform stack turning, which can be more thoroughly, thus significantly shortening the tobacco leaf average fermentation time, and improving the tobacco leaf fermentation efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tobacco fermentation technology field, particularly a kind of paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse and code heap fermentation process.
Background technology
Paste hair smoke is as a kind of raw tobacco material of the cigar that shows unique characteristics, and its modulation process adopts the method for sticking with paste rice water by fermentation.The fermenting process of traditional paste hair smoke is spooned by Bai Maoyan to stick with paste meter Shui Hou code heap fermentation under physical environment, turning is carried out when core temperature rises to certain temperature, need mutual for inside and outside tobacco leaf switch when turning, owing to being generally that entirety is put together and fermented when code heap, so labour intensity is higher when turning, the time spent is also longer, especially the tobacco leaf turning difficulty at center, corresponding fermentation time is also longer, about 45-100 days.In addition, when code heap, general employing horizontal positioned tobacco leaf, because the more easily bending of stem-butts intensity, tobacco leaf are soft, so when code heap, the easy compressive deformation of tobacco leaf of horizontal direction code heap, stem-butts gradually downward and the cigarette end of tobacco leaf upward, be unfavorable for that tobacco leaf sticks with paste the expansion of meter Shui, easily concentrate along stem-butts and flow to tobacco leaf, the tobacco leaf of close bottom is due to too much paste meter Shui, add upward pressure larger, air-flow is smooth, during the fermentation temperature higher, easily go mouldy rotten, cause financial loss.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome tobacco natural code heap existing in prior art adopts entirety to cause turning difficulty, labour intensity large, and during code heap, the easy pressurized of tobacco leaf horizontal positioned is towards lower easy above-mentioned deficiency of going mouldy, a kind of paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse is provided, additionally provides a kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process simultaneously.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse, comprises the some row's boss being located at warehouse floor, and adjacent two row's boss spacing are more than or equal to 1m, and often arrange boss and comprise at least two described boss, each described boss surface is the arch surface of arc shape.
This paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse is by arranging some row's boss on ground, often arrange boss and comprise at least two boss, adjacent two row's boss spacing are more than or equal to 1m, boss can carry out the code heap of tobacco leaf, compare overall being put together by tobacco leaf and carry out code heap, tobacco leaf is separately carried out code heap, tobacco leaf code heap small volume, and more air can be contacted, local temperature can not be caused too high, and temperature distribution is more even, in addition, each boss surface is the arch surface of arc shape, between the size of tobacco leaf and boss, each boss can place two smoke evacuation leaves, when leaf of often discharging fume is stacked, its tobacco leaf head end inwardly, tobacco leaf cigarette is outwardly, form the form tilted upward, two smoke evacuation leaves on boss then can be formed middle high, the "eight" shape that two ends are low, on boss, tobacco leaf is more by the top because gravity is to tobacco leaf extruding on the lower, also tobacco leaf head end can not be formed downward, therefore, paste rice juice on tobacco leaf can not soak to tobacco leaf head end direction from stem-butts direction set, cause go mouldy rotten, but can gradually towards tobacco leaf cigarette Directional Extension, thus the fermentation of whole tobacco leaf also can be more even, improve fermented quality.
Preferably, adjacent two row's boss spacing are all equal, and are 1.5-2.0m.
The spacing of often arranging boss is 1.5-2.0m, considering that code heap workman is convenient often arranging the walking of the passageway between boss and transfer tobacco leaf, not wasting the area in warehouse simultaneously.
Preferably, all boss spacing of often arranging in boss are equal.
Preferably, often all boss spacing of arranging in boss are 1.0-1.5m.
Often arrange the spacing size of adjacent two boss in boss, and the spacing size of adjacent two row's boss, handled easily personnel can carry out code heap, turning transfer, also can make full use of the space in warehouse.
Preferably, often arrange boss and comprise that the shape of described boss is identical, quantity is equal.
Preferably, each described boss is projected as square shape, and it is long is 6-8m, and wide is 1.5-2.0m.
Each boss squarely shape, its surface is arch surface, long 6-8m, wide 1.5-2.0m, and the tobacco leaf volume piled is also less, very convenient when turning,
The invention also discloses a kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process, comprise the following steps and operate:
Step one, on each boss in warehouse, spread the bottom pad that can breathe freely;
Step 2, except boss described in wherein at least one is vacant, the bottom pad of remaining whole described boss carries out tobacco leaf code heap, wherein each described boss comprises two smoke evacuation leaves, the cigarette end end of two smoke evacuation leaves in opposite directions inwardly, the stem-butts end of described tobacco leaf toward the outer side, form the two smoke evacuation leaves being and tilting upward, then tobacco leaf covers breathable top layer pad, the tobacco leaf on each boss is the "eight" shape shape that centre is high, two ends are low from cross section;
Step 3, when tobacco leaf internal temperature reaches 50 DEG C-55 DEG C, carry out first time turning, the described top layer pad of one of them boss is removed, tobacco leaf on described boss is transferred to described boss vacant in described step 2 from top to bottom successively, and described in this boss from top to bottom successively code heap, equally by often the cigarette end end of tobacco leaf in opposite directions inwardly, the stem-butts end of tobacco leaf outwardly, tilt upward placement, then cover upper top layer pad;
Step 4, the tobacco leaf on other boss transferred to equally from top to bottom successively in described step 3 vacant go out boss, circulate successively, until the tobacco leaf on all boss transfers to code heap on all the other boss all from top to bottom, complete the first time turning of whole warehouse tobacco leaf;
Step 5, when temperature reaches 45 DEG C-50 DEG C, the transfer method of the replacing boss code of repeating said steps three, step 4 heap tobacco leaf, carries out second time turning;
The turning method of step 6, described tobacco leaf repeating said steps five again transfers to all the other boss, completes 3-4 turning, until finally complete fermentation.
It is vacant that a kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process of the present invention has reserved at least one boss when code heap, is convenient to turning, during turning, adopt a boss adjacent with vacant boss, withdraw top layer pad, the tobacco leaf of this boss is transferred on vacant boss from top to bottom successively, and put at the enterprising windrow of vacant boss from the bottom up, when stacking, first also first bottom pad can be set on vacant boss, top layer pad is covered again after tobacco leaf code heap is complete, each turning, another boss is transferred to from a boss, compare and traditional carry out turning in original position, this mode can be from top to bottom, abundant switch from inside to outside carries out turning, the average fermentation time of tobacco leaf can be shortened, and then improve the whole fermentation efficiency of tobacco leaf.Experiment shows, each turning time in summer is 2-3 day/time, and can shorten about 2-3 days, turning 3-5 time, whole fermentation time can shorten more than 10 day, only needs namely to complete fermentation in more than 20 day; Spring and autumn each turning time is 5-7 day/time, and can shorten about 2-3 days, turning 3-5 time, whole fermentation time can shorten more than 20 day, only needs namely to complete fermentation in more than 30 day; Each turning time in winter is about 10/ time, can shorten 4-5 days, turning 3-5 time, and only need namely to complete fermentation in more than 40 day, whole fermentation time can shorten about 30 days.
Preferably, the tobacco leaf code stack height on each described boss is 1.4-1.6m.
The overhead height of each boss tobacco leaf code heap be 1.4-1.6m, if code heap is crossed and shortly can not be ensured the leavening temperature that internal temperature reaches required, if too high, be not easy to turning, transfer and code and pile.
Preferably, all reserved boss of the often row boss in described step 2, as vacant boss, can facilitate multiple operator to carry out turning work, improve turning efficiency.
Preferably, described top layer pad and bottom pad are the stratiform dry rice straw pad of 5-10cm, dry rice straw pad lighter in weight, and elasticity is higher, can not damage tobacco leaf by pressure, good permeability, are unlikely to tobacco leaf pile core temperature too high.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, a kind of paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse of the present invention, adopt and some row's boss are set on ground, all tobacco leaves are divided into some parts and are deposited in respectively on boss, compare overall being put together by tobacco leaf and carry out code heap, separately carry out the tobacco leaf small volume of code heap, facilitate turning, alleviate labour intensity; Each boss surface is the arch surface of arc shape in addition, tobacco leaf be deposited on boss be cigarette end end inwardly, stem-butts end outwardly, the "eight" shape high in the middle of being formed, two ends are low, tobacco leaf is squeezed cigarette end end also can not be down, therefore the paste rice juice on tobacco leaf can gradually towards tobacco leaf cigarette Directional Extension, the fermentation of whole tobacco leaf can be made more even, improve fermented quality;
2, a kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process of the present invention, at least one vacant boss has been reserved when code heap, when being convenient to turning, the tobacco leaf be convenient on boss is transferred on vacant boss from top to bottom successively, put at the enterprising windrow of vacant boss from the bottom up again, boss after transfer is then out vacant, for next boss turning transfer tobacco leaf is prepared, this turning mode from inside to outside, more thorough from top to bottom, significantly can shorten the average fermentation time of tobacco leaf, improve the whole fermentation efficiency of tobacco leaf.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the floor map in a kind of paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure enlarged diagram of boss in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram after boss completing in Fig. 2 tobacco leaf code heap;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram after a kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process of the present invention carries out pile;
Fig. 5 is the turning direction schematic diagram of a kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process of the present invention when first time turning is carried out in preparation;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of a kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process of the present invention after completing first time turning;
Fig. 7 is the turning direction schematic diagram of a kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process of the present invention when second time turning is carried out in preparation;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of a kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process of the present invention after completing second time turning.
Mark in figure:
1, ground, 2, boss, 21, arch surface, 3, top layer pad, 4, tobacco leaf, 5, bottom pad.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with test example and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment, all technology realized based on content of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse, comprises the some row's square boss 2 being located at warehouse floor 1, in order to better express the ground 1 only showing warehouse in boss 2, figure, often arranging boss 2 and comprising at least two boss 2; Often arrange boss 2 to be equally spaced, its spacing a is 1.5-2.0m; Adjacent two row's boss 2 spacing are also for being equally spaced, its spacing b is 1.0-1.5m, the design of the value of this spacing a, b, that conveniently operator carry out code heap, turning transfer, also the space in warehouse can be made full use of, the boss 2 kept to the side especially has certain distance with the wall in warehouse, is for the ease of turning equally.This boss 2 facilitates tobacco leaf 4 to disperse to carry out code heap, and tobacco leaf 4 volume piled is also less, very convenient when turning, local temperature can not be caused too high simultaneously, but more even.
Be illustrated in figure 2 the structural representation of boss 2, each boss 2 is square shape, and surface is the arch surface 21 of arc shape; As shown in Figure 3 because each boss 2 surface is arch surface 21, each boss 2 can be placed two smoke evacuation leaves 4, often the cigarette end end of smoke evacuation leaf 4 inwardly, tobacco leaf 4 stem-butts end outwardly, form the form tilted upward, two smoke evacuation 4, leaves on boss 2 can form the "eight" shape that centre is high, two ends are low, boss 2 upper and lower is respectively provided with top layer pad 3 and bottom pad 5, wherein top layer pad 3 and bottom pad 5 are the stratiform dry rice straw pad of 5-10cm, due to dry rice straw pad lighter in weight, elasticity is higher, can not damage tobacco leaf 4 by pressure, good permeability, is unlikely to tobacco leaf 4 pile core temperature too high.The cigarette end end of tobacco leaf 4 of the present invention refers to one end of foliage development, and stem-butts end refers to cane one end of tobacco leaf.
On boss 2, tobacco leaf 4 more by the top extrudes tobacco leaf 4 on the lower because of gravity, tobacco leaf 4 head end can not be formed downward, therefore, paste rice juice on tobacco leaf 4 can not soak to tobacco leaf 4 head end direction from stem-butts direction set, cause go mouldy rotten, but can gradually towards tobacco leaf 4 stem-butts Directional Extension, thus the fermentation of whole tobacco leaf 4 also can be more even, improves fermented quality.The long l of this boss 2 is 6-8m, and wide d is 1.5-2.0m, tobacco leaf 4 stack highly for h is 1.4-1.6m, because if code piled the short leavening temperature that internal temperature reaches required that can not ensure, if too high, be not easy to turning, transfer and code heap.
The invention also discloses a kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process, comprise the following steps and operate:
Step one, on each boss 2 in warehouse, spread the bottom pad 5 that can breathe freely;
Step 2, except at least one boss 2 is wherein vacant, as shown in Figure 4, one, the right side boss 2 of each row's boss 2 is selected to be vacant boss 2 respectively, then on remaining whole boss 2,4 yards, tobacco leaf heap is carried out, wherein all tobacco leaves 4 head end of each boss 2 in opposite directions inwardly, tobacco leaf 4 stem-butts end is placed on the bottom pad 5 on boss 2 outwardly, form tilt upward the two smoke evacuation leaves 4 be as shown in Figure 3, then tobacco leaf 4 covers breathable top layer pad 3, the tobacco leaf 4 on each boss 2 is the "eight" shape shape that centre is high, two ends are low from cross section;
Step 3, when tobacco leaf 4 internal temperature reaches 50 DEG C-55 DEG C, carry out first time turning, the direction of its turning as shown in Figure 5, all carry out turning transfer towards right side, the sequencing of its transfer is from right to left, specifically the top layer pad 3 often arranging second boss 2 in right side is removed, tobacco leaf 4 on boss 2 is transferred to from top to bottom successively on adjacent vacant boss 2 and carry out code heap, same will often tobacco leaf 4 head end in opposite directions inwardly, tobacco leaf 4 stem-butts outwardly, tilt upward placement, then cover upper top layer pad 3;
Step 4, tobacco leaf 4 on other boss 2 often arranged is transferred on the vacant boss 2 on the right side of it according to step 3 equally successively from top to bottom, circulation like this, until the tobacco leaf 4 on all boss 2 transfers to code heap on all the other boss 2 all from top to bottom, complete the first time turning of whole warehouse tobacco leaf 4, as shown in Figure 6;
Step 5, when temperature reaches 45 DEG C-50 DEG C, the transfer method of the replacing boss 2 yards heap tobacco leaf 4 of repeating said steps three, step 4, carry out second time turning, because the boss 2 often arranging left side after first time turning has been vacant boss 2, then the direction of its turning is with this from left to right, as shown in Figure 7; Specifically the tobacco leaf 4 often arranged on second boss 2 in left side is transferred on first the vacant boss 2 in left side from top to bottom;
Step 6, the turning method of tobacco leaf 4 repeating step five is transferred to all the other boss 2, be illustrated in figure 8 the schematic diagram after completing second time turning, then after completing 3-4 turning, then can complete final fermentation.
A kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process of the present invention, compare traditional turning fermentation efficiency that carries out in original position lower, fermentation time is longer, generally need 40-100 days, this code heap fermentation mode of the present invention abundant switch, from inside to outside can carry out turning from top to bottom, the average fermentation time of tobacco leaf 4 can be shortened, and then improve the whole fermentation efficiency of tobacco leaf 4.
Experiment shows:
1) summer, each turning time is 2-3 day/time, can shorten about 2-3 days, turning 3-5 time, and whole fermentation time can shorten more than 10 day, only needs namely to complete fermentation in more than 20 day;
2) spring and autumn, each turning time is 5-7 day/time, can shorten about 2-3 days, turning 3-5 time, and whole fermentation time can shorten more than 20 day, only needs namely to complete fermentation in more than 30 day;
3) winter, each turning time is about 10/ time, can shorten 4-5 days, turning 3-5 time, and only need namely to complete fermentation in more than 40 day, whole fermentation time can shorten about 30 days.
Claims (10)
1. a paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse, it is characterized in that, comprise the some row's boss (2) being located at warehouse floor (1), adjacent two row's boss (2) spacing are more than or equal to 1m, often arrange boss (2) and comprise at least two described boss (2), each described boss (2) surface is the arch surface (21) of arc shape.
2. a kind of paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adjacent two row's boss (2) spacing are all equal, and are 1.5-2.0m.
3. a kind of paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse according to claim 1, is characterized in that, all boss (2) spacing of often arranging in boss (2) is equal.
4. a kind of paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse according to claim 3, is characterized in that, all boss (2) spacing of often arranging in boss (2) is 1.0-1.5m.
5. a kind of paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse according to claim 3, is characterized in that, often arranges boss (2) and comprises that the shape of described boss (2) is identical, quantity is equal.
6. a kind of paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse according to claim 5, is characterized in that, each described boss (2) is projected as square shape, and it is long is 6-8m, and wide is 1.5-2.0m.
7. paste hair smoke code heap a fermentation process, it is characterized in that, use as arbitrary in claim 1-6 as described in paste hair smoke Ma Dui warehouse, comprise the following steps and operate:
Step one, on each described boss (2) in warehouse, spread the bottom pad (5) that can breathe freely;
Described in step 2, selection wherein at least one, boss (2) is vacant, the bottom pad (5) of remaining whole described boss (2) carries out tobacco leaf (4) code heap, wherein each described boss (2) comprises two smoke evacuation leaves (4), the cigarette end end of two smoke evacuations leaf (4) in opposite directions inwardly, the stem-butts end of described tobacco leaf (4) toward the outer side, form two smoke evacuations leaf (4) tilted upward, then cover breathable top layer pad (3) by tobacco leaf (4);
Step 3, when tobacco leaf (4) internal temperature reaches 50 DEG C-55 DEG C, carry out first time turning, the described top layer pad (3) of one of them boss (2) is removed, tobacco leaf (4) on described boss (2) is transferred to described boss (2) vacant in described step 2 from top to bottom successively, and described in this boss (2) from top to bottom successively code heap, same will often the cigarette end end of tobacco leaf (4) in opposite directions inwardly, the stem-butts end of tobacco leaf (4) outwardly, tilt upward placement, then cover upper top layer pad (3);
Step 4, the tobacco leaf (4) on other boss (2) transferred to equally from top to bottom successively in described step 3 vacant go out boss (2), circulate successively, until the tobacco leaf (4) on all boss (2) transfers to the upper code heap of all the other boss (2) all from top to bottom, complete the first time turning in whole warehouse tobacco leaf (4);
Step 5, when temperature reaches 45 DEG C-50 DEG C, the replacing boss (2) of repeating said steps three, step 4 carrys out the transfer method of code heap tobacco leaf (4), carries out second time turning;
The turning method of step 6, described tobacco leaf (4) repeating said steps five again transfers to all the other boss (2), completes 3-4 turning, until finally complete fermentation.
8. a kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, tobacco leaf (4) the code stack height on each described boss (2) is 1.4-1.6m.
9. a kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process according to claim 7, is characterized in that, all reserved boss (2) of the often row boss (2) in described step 2 is as vacant boss (2).
10. a kind of paste hair smoke code heap fermentation process according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described top layer pad (3) and bottom pad (5) are the stratiform dry rice straw pad of 5-10cm.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105192878A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2015-12-30 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for fermenting cigar filling leaves |
| CN113907404A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-11 | 河南农业大学 | Application method of wheat flour paste juice in cigar fermentation |
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| CN104000303A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-27 | 川渝中烟工业有限责任公司 | Cigar tobacco stacking fermentation method |
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| JPH02180781A (en) * | 1989-01-04 | 1990-07-13 | Taki Chem Co Ltd | Fertilizer for tobacco |
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| CN113907404A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-11 | 河南农业大学 | Application method of wheat flour paste juice in cigar fermentation |
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