CN104829161B - A kind of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104829161B CN104829161B CN201510155065.8A CN201510155065A CN104829161B CN 104829161 B CN104829161 B CN 104829161B CN 201510155065 A CN201510155065 A CN 201510155065A CN 104829161 B CN104829161 B CN 104829161B
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- waterproofing agent
- plaster
- paris
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- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- NTWZYMJGDYYGNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].C[Si] Chemical compound [Na].C[Si] NTWZYMJGDYYGNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 silicane alkane Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WJEIYVAPNMUNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].OC(O)=O Chemical compound [Na].OC(O)=O WJEIYVAPNMUNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000031635 methyl-CpG binding proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091009877 methyl-CpG binding proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of novel architecture gypsum waterproofing agent, the method is with methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and acrylic acid as raw material, with VTES as coupling agent, the addition of VTES can not only promote the formation of waterproofing agent of organosilicon silicone network, and can be additionally formed, at contact surface, the coordinated network shape thin film that one layer of organic molecule adsorbing metal ions is constituted, strengthen the binding ability with gypsum surface, further enhance the water resistance of waterproofing agent.Plaster of Paris waterproofing agent prepared by the present invention produces, the coefficient of softing of the plastering that will not have a negative impact Gypsum Fibrosum intensity, significantly improve few into amount and reduces Gypsum Fibrosum water absorption rate when using, be a kind of good water-proof effect, easily stored preferable novel architecture gypsum waterproofing agent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to construction material waterproofing agent preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Gypsum Fibrosum is that one contains rich in natural resources, plastering is prevented fires, sound insulation value is good, and there is the advantage such as good insulation and damping effect, it is widely used in building trade, but owing to plastering water proofing property is poor, after water suction, intensity is greatly lowered, and its development and use were very limited in modern age.At present, for solving the problem of the poor water resistance such as intensity reductions, easy buckling deformation after plastering makes moist, three kinds of measures below are generally used: one is to be coated or impregnated with hydrophobic substance or brushing water-repellent paint in block surfaces；Two is to fill ground slag or pozzolanic materials in Gypsum Fibrosum, improves the coefficient of softing of building block；Three is the waterproofing agent filling emulsion type in Gypsum Fibrosum, improves the water resistance of building block.First method is simple, if can strictly operate, can obtain ideal waterproof effect, but defect occur in the surface being once applied or local, and exposed Gypsum Fibrosum can even be caused peeling by water-soluble erosion when running into water, causes water resistance to reduce；Second method is Gypsum Fibrosum and active mixed material generation hydration reaction, generates the hydrated products such as hydrated calcium aluminate sulfate, although improve water resistance, but owing to having filled pozzolanic materials, the whiteness causing building block reduces, and affects its decorative effect, and easily causes building block deuterogenesis cracking；The third method then can keep the decorative effect of gypsum block, can reach again waterproof purpose.
But, although traditional plaster of Paris waterproofing agent such as paraffin wax emulsions, styrene-acrylic emulsion etc. all can improve the water resistance of Gypsum Fibrosum, but addition content is big during Shi Yonging, the intensity of Gypsum Fibrosum can be had a negative impact, and organosilicon waterproof agent for building is little to the intensity effect of Gypsum Fibrosum, but the Methyl-CpG binding proteins of relative low price is dissolved in water in a large number in silicon-type waterproofing agent, the strongest with base material binding ability, easily run off along with the large quantity of moisture in plastering production process, in turn result in its decline to improving Gypsum Fibrosum water resistance.Therefore, the defect that addition content is big, big to Gypsum Fibrosum intensity effect, water resistance is poor in use deposited by existing building Gypsum Fibrosum waterproofing agent.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, and when proposing a kind of use, addition content is little, good water-proof effect, do not affect the preparation method of the plaster of Paris waterproofing agent of Gypsum Fibrosum intensity.
Techniques below scheme is taked: the preparation method of a kind of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent for realizing above-mentioned technical problem, it is characterized in that: with methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and acrylic acid as raw material, with VTES as coupling agent, including concrete following steps:
(1) by weight hydroxy carboxylic acid sodium 0.4～2 parts are dissolved in the deionized water of 90～100 parts, addition methyl methacrylate 15～20 parts, butyl acrylate 10～15 parts and acrylic acid 4～8 parts, stirring and emulsifying, and regulate pH to 8～10 with highly basic；
(2) in described step (1) system, add Ammonium persulfate. 0.2～0.8 part, warming while stirring to 80 DEG C by weight, be incubated and stir 1～1.6h；
(3) described step (2) system is cooled to 55 DEG C, addition parts by weight of ethylene ethyl triethoxy silicane alkane 8～12 parts, it is incubated and stirs 0.5～1.1h；
(4) toward in described step (3) system, add weight portion methyl silicon sodium alcoholate 45～55 parts be sufficiently stirred for, obtain product.
Preferably, described in described step (1), mixing speed is 2000r/min, and mixing time is 0.4～1h.
Preferably, described in described step (1), highly basic is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
Preferably, described in described step (2), mixing speed is 2500r/min, and described programming rate is 10 DEG C/min.
Preferably, cooling method described in described step (3) is natural cooling cooling.
Preferably, stirring during cooling described in described step (3), mixing speed is 2000r/min.
Preferably, described in described step (3), mixing speed is 2000r/min.
Preferably, in described step (4), described mixing speed is 3000r/min, and mixing time is 0.3～0.7h.
Preferably, after described step (4), described product seals and is placed on shady place preservation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention achieves and following has the beneficial effect that with VTES as coupling agent, the formation of waterproofing agent of organosilicon silicone network can not only be promoted, make it have the key property of waterproofing agent of organosilicon, and the vinyl of VTES is polymerized with acrylic acid etc., and introduce substantial amounts of RCOO with alcohol ether carboxylate AEC-7Na for emulsifying agent-, emulsifying agent both can have been helped auxiliary component emulsifying, disperse and RCOO that is stable, that provided after dissolving because of it again-With the RCOO provided in acrylic emulsion-With Ca2+It is additionally formed, at contact surface, the coordinated network shape thin film that one layer of organic molecule adsorbing metal ions is constituted, strengthens the binding ability with gypsum surface, further enhance the water resistance of waterproofing agent, so that the waterproofing agent waterproof effect prepared is greatly enhanced；In use addition content is little, will not have a negative impact the intensity of Gypsum Fibrosum, and can significantly improve the coefficient of softing of Gypsum Fibrosum, is substantially reduced the water absorption rate of Gypsum Fibrosum, strengthens the water-resistant capacity of Gypsum Fibrosum.It addition, the silicone network that this invention is formed does not blocks the hole of plastering, the most not only there is water repellency, and the air permeable effect that plastering is good can also be kept.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme is further described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent, with methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and acrylic acid as raw material, with VTES as coupling agent, including concrete following steps:
(1) by weight emulsifying agent hydroxy carboxylic acid sodium (AEC-7Na) 0.4 part is dissolved in the deionized water of 90 parts, it is separately added into methyl methacrylate 15 parts, butyl acrylate 10 parts and 4 parts of acrylic acid, stirring and emulsifying, mixing speed is 2000r/min, mixing time is to be advisable during 0.4h, and regulates pH to 8 with sodium hydroxide；(2) in step (1) system, add Ammonium persulfate. 0.2 part, warming while stirring to 80 DEG C by weight, be incubated and stir 1h.In this step, when programming rate be 10 DEG C/min, mixing speed when being 2500r/min optimal；(3) step (2) system is cooled to 55 DEG C, is subsequently added into 8 parts of parts by weight of ethylene ethyl triethoxy silicane alkane, is incubated and stirs 0.5h；(4) toward in described step (3) system, add weight portion methyl silicon sodium alcoholate 45 parts to be sufficiently stirred for, obtain product, in this step, mixing speed is preferably 3000r/min, mixing time is to obtain product waterproof property during 0.3h preferably, and the product prepared preferably seals and is placed on shady place preservation.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent, with methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and acrylic acid as raw material, with VTES as coupling agent, including concrete following steps:
(1) by weight emulsifying agent hydroxy carboxylic acid sodium (AEC-7Na) 2 parts is dissolved in the deionized water of 100 parts, add methyl methacrylate 20 parts, butyl acrylate 15 parts and 8 parts of acrylic acid, stirring and emulsifying, preferably stir 1h with the speed of 2000r/min, and regulate pH to 10 with highly basic；(2) in step (1) system, add Ammonium persulfate. 0.8 part, warming while stirring to 80 DEG C by weight, be incubated and stir 1.6h；(3) described step (2) system is cooled to 55 DEG C, lowers the temperature preferably with natural cooling mode, add 12 parts of parts by weight of ethylene ethyl triethoxy silicane alkane when temperature reaches 55 DEG C, be incubated and stir 1.1h；(4) toward in described step (3) system, add weight portion methyl silicon sodium alcoholate 55 parts and be sufficiently stirred for, obtain product.And low whipping speed is 3000r/min, mixing time is that to obtain product waterproof property during 0.7h preferable.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent, with methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and acrylic acid as raw material, with VTES as coupling agent, including concrete following steps:
(1) by weight emulsifying agent hydroxy carboxylic acid sodium (AEC-7Na) 1.2 parts is dissolved in the deionized water of 95 parts, adds methyl methacrylate 17.5 parts, butyl acrylate 12.5 parts and 6 parts of acrylic acid, stirring and emulsifying, and regulate pH to 9 with highly basic；(2) in step (1) system, add Ammonium persulfate. 0.5 part, warming while stirring to 80 DEG C by weight, be incubated and stir 1.3h；(3) step (2) system is cooled to 55 DEG C, stirring during cooling, mixing speed is 2000r/min, adds 10 parts of parts by weight of ethylene ethyl triethoxy silicane alkane when temperature drops to 55 DEG C, being incubated and stir 0.8h, mixing speed is optimal when being 2000r/min；(4) toward in step (3) system, adding weight portion methyl silicon sodium alcoholate 50 parts and be sufficiently stirred for, obtain product, and low whipping speed is 3000r/min, mixing time is that to obtain product waterproof property during 0.5h preferable.
Waterproof agent for building prepared by various embodiments above being mixed presses in the ratio of mud 0.6 desulfurated plaster, stir, molding, maintenance 7d, survey its intensity, water absorption rate and coefficient of softing, result shows, novel architecture gypsum waterproofing agent will not produce significant adverse impact to the intensity of Gypsum Fibrosum, the water absorption rate of test block has had obvious reduction, but novel architecture gypsum waterproofing agent reaches 0.76 at the coefficient of softing of Gypsum Fibrosum, and more common organosilicon waterproof agent for building (methyl silicon sodium alcoholate is 0.69) is significantly improved.
It should be noted last that, above detailed description of the invention is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although the present invention being described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent, without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be contained in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of a plaster of Paris waterproofing agent, it is characterised in that: with methyl methacrylate,
Butyl acrylate and acrylic acid are raw material, with VTES as coupling agent, including concrete
Following steps:
(1) by weight hydroxy carboxylic acid sodium 0.4～2 parts are dissolved in the deionized water of 90～100 parts, add
Enter methyl methacrylate 15～20 parts, butyl acrylate 10～15 parts and acrylic acid 4～8 parts, stir
Mix emulsifying, and regulate pH to 8～10 with highly basic；
(2) in described step (1) system, Ammonium persulfate. 0.2～0.8 part are added by weight, while stir
Mix limit and be warming up to 80 DEG C, be incubated and stir 1～1.6h；
(3) described step (2) system is cooled to 55 DEG C, adds parts by weight of ethylene ethyl triethoxy silicane alkane
8～12 parts, it is incubated and stirs 0.5～1.1h；
(4) toward in described step (3) system, add weight portion methyl silicon sodium alcoholate 45～55 parts be sufficiently stirred for,
Obtain product.
The preparation method of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
State mixing speed described in step (1) be 2000r/min, mixing time be 0.4～1h.
The preparation method of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating highly basic described in step (1) is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
The preparation method of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating mixing speed described in step (2) is 2500r/min, and described programming rate is 10 DEG C/min.
The preparation method of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating cooling method described in step (3) is natural cooling cooling.
The preparation method of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stirring when stating cooling described in step (3), mixing speed is 2000r/min.
The preparation method of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Described in step (3), mixing speed is 2000r/min.
The preparation method of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating in step (4), described mixing speed is 3000r/min, and mixing time is 0.3～0.7h.
The preparation method of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
After stating step (4), described product seals and is placed on shady place preservation.
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| CN201510155065.8A CN104829161B (en) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | A kind of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201510155065.8A CN104829161B (en) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | A kind of plaster of Paris waterproofing agent and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2019182513A1 (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-09-26 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | A waterproofing formulation |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105462389A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-04-06 | 武汉武达博硕园科技有限公司 | Preparation method of organic-inorganic composite waterproof agent for exterior-wall gypsum building materials |
| CN106186801A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 仇颖莹 | A kind of preparation method of composite modified waterproofing gypsum agent |
| CN108424487B (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2021-01-08 | 盐城普菲特新材料科技有限公司 | Desulfurized gypsum organic silicon modified emulsion waterproof agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110015862A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-16 | 中化重庆涪陵化工有限公司 | Waterproof and anticorrosion ardealite compound additive and waterproof and anticorrosion ardealite construction material |
| CN111087884A (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-05-01 | 张得华 | Preparation method of organosilicon gypsum waterproof agent |
| CN112521784A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-19 | 潍坊昌大建设集团有限公司 | Concrete surface waterproof agent and construction method based on same |
| CN113943124B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-07-08 | 四川大学 | Waste rubber powder modified acrylic acid waterproof agent, gypsum material and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1103341C (en) * | 1999-11-09 | 2003-03-19 | 复旦大学 | Organosilicon modified acrylate latex with core-shell structure and its preparing process |
| CN1385447A (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2002-12-18 | 华南理工大学 | Organic silicon-acrylate nano emulsion |
| CN101050350A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2007-10-10 | 济南大学 | Composite waterproofing agent of gypsum |
| CN101386663B (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2010-10-06 | 上海三瑞高分子材料有限公司 | Multifunctional acrylic ester emulsion |
| CN101891411A (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2010-11-24 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Waterproofing gypsum agent preparation method |
| CN102199258B (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2013-02-13 | 武汉新康化学集团有限公司 | Polyether modified silicon acrylic flexible resin and preparation method thereof |
| CN103396032B (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-08-12 | 北京东方雨虹防水技术股份有限公司 | Special water reducer of a kind of gypsum and preparation method thereof |
| KR101452698B1 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-10-23 | 대상 주식회사 | Starch-based polymer particle emulsion, manufacturing method thereof and use of thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2019182513A1 (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-09-26 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | A waterproofing formulation |
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