CN104793061B - A kind of spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer and its calibrating method - Google Patents
A kind of spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer and its calibrating method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer, including：Earth observation aerial array, cold empty calibration antenna, public noise source, noise source multi-path power divider, cold empty variable connector, receiver front end variable connector, Dick's type receiver and earth observation receiver；Earth observation aerial array includes multiple earth observation antennas, and the antenna beam of earth observation antenna deviates antenna plane normal, and ground is pointed in oblique fire；Two earth observation receivers are installed after each earth observation antenna；The antenna beam of cold empty calibration antenna is with earth observation antenna beam on the contrary, constant point to cold sky；Cold empty calibration antenna is connected to all receivers by cold empty variable connector；Public noise source is connected with all receivers；Each receiver front end is respectively provided with a matched load；Dick's type operation of receiver is under Dick's pattern；Earth observation receiver is connected with cold empty calibration antenna, earth observation antenna, matched load and public noise source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to instrument calibration field, more particularly to a kind of spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer and its calibrating method.
Background technology
It is a kind of passive type microwave remote sensor to interfere type micro-wave radiometer, is mainly used in earth observation, space astronomy etc.
Technical field.Microwave radiometer receives the natural radiation signal from target.The power level of reception signal depends on target
The physical temperature of emissivity and target in itself.After the power level of accurate measurement reception signal, it is possible to further obtain
The physical parameters such as the temperature of target, surface roughness, dielectric constant.
However, because natural radiation signal is very faint, the minor variations of receiver noise temperature itself and gain will
The measurement accuracy of radiometer is had a strong impact on, therefore nearly all microwave radiometer is required for designing special scaling system and calibration
Method, the demarcation of the receipts that achieve a butt joint machine noise temperature and change in gain.Traditional 2 points of true aperture microwave radiometer generally use
Calibrating method, antenna is periodically observed the known black matrix of bright temperature and the cold empty background of known bright temperature, that is, pass through known heat
Source and low-temperature receiver reference point, receiver transfer characteristic curve is calculated, so as to accurately calculate the spoke of the target of antenna observation in itself
Penetrate bright temperature.
Interference type micro-wave radiometer is to the true revolutionary improvement of aperture microwave radiometer of tradition.The technology is by heavy caliber
True aperture antenna be decomposed into some discrete miniature antenna units, and further discrete antenna element rarefaction is passed through
Relevant treatment is carried out between antenna element reception signal, obtains the visibility function of target distribution, and then pass through spatial domain-sky
Between frequency domain transformation algorithm, indirectly obtain target the bright temperature distributed image of spatial domain.
Because the interference usual bore of type micro-wave radiometer is very big, a large amount of receiving units are included, it is difficult to using mechanical scanning side
Formula periodicity is calibrated.So far, Aperture synthesis interferometer is all to be realized by the way of array is integrally overturn to cold
Empty observes to reach the purpose of absolute calibration.There are many problems in this method, such as overall to observe cold space-time sun incidence
Angle is different from earth observation posture, calibration excessive cycle influences earth observation, satellite periodically upset consumption fuel influences satellite
Life-span etc. so that interference type micro-wave radiometer is carrying out quantification high sensitivity applications field, scarce capacity be present, so as to influence
The breadth and depth of interference type micro-wave radiometer application.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome interfered type micro-wave radiometer calibration when the problems of, so as to provide
It is a kind of to realize spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer and its calibrating method simple, that calibration precision is high.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer, including：Earth observation day
Linear array, cold empty calibration antenna, public noise source, noise source multi-path power divider, cold empty variable connector, receiver front end multichannel are opened
Pass, Dick's type receiver and earth observation receiver；Wherein,
The earth observation aerial array includes multiple earth observation antennas, the antenna beam of these earth observation antennas
Deviate antenna plane normal, ground is pointed in oblique fire；Two earth observation receivers are installed after each earth observation antenna,
The horizontal polarization information H and vertical polarization information V that measurement antenna is received respectively；The antenna beam of the cold empty calibration antenna with
Earth observation antenna beam is on the contrary, constant point to cold sky；Cold empty calibration antenna is connected to including Dick by cold empty variable connector
All receivers including type receiver, earth observation receiver；Public noise source passes through noise source multi-path power divider, receiver
The variable connector network of front end is connected with all receivers；Each receiver front end is respectively provided with a matched load, receiver
The physical temperature of all matched loads can accurately be measured；Dick's type operation of receiver is under Dick's pattern, i.e. the receiver
Switched by front end variable connector, Dick's switching can be carried out between cold empty calibration antenna, matched load and public noise source；
Earth observation receiver passes through front end variable connector and cold empty calibration antenna, earth observation antenna, matched load and public noise
Source connects.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the cold empty variable connector cuts N switches for 1, and N is represented in spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer
The number of antennas of all receivers.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the receiver front end variable connector is divided into two classes, and one kind is earth observation receiver
Front end variable connector, such switch cut 4 switches for 1, earth observation receiver is connected earth observation antenna, cold empty calibration respectively
Antenna, matched load and public noise source；Another kind of is the front end variable connector of Dick's type receiver, and such switch is cut 3 for 1 and opened
Close, for realizing switching of Dick's type receiver between cold empty calibration antenna, matched load and public noise source.
Present invention also offers the calibrating method to described spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer, for whole spaceborne dry
Interferometric microwave radiometer, which is finished, adjusts the calibration of target long period, and the long period calibration includes：
Step 101), Dick's type receiver are switched to matched load by front end variable connector；
Step 102), measurement matched load physical temperature, using measurement result as bright temperature known to matched load, as fixed
The high temperature reference of mark process；
Step 103), Dick's type receiver are switched to cold empty calibration antenna by front end variable connector so that Dick's type connects
Receipts machine measures the cold bright temperature of sky；
Step 104), cold empty calibration antenna radiation pattern and the bright temperature distribution of known cold sky known to, calculate cold empty calibration day
The angle that line receives integrates bright temperature, and angle is integrated into the bright temperature low temperature of bright temperature as calibration process as known to refers to；
Step 105), the state according to the high temperature reference source obtained by step 102), Dick's type receiver output voltage；With
And the state of low temperature reference source that step 104) obtains, Dick's type receiver output voltage；By Dick's type receiver in two kinds of shapes
Output voltage under state, Dick's type receiver identity curve is calculated, realizes the calibration of Dick's type receiver；
Step 106), a certain earth observation receiver is switched to matched load by front end variable connector, then measured
Matched load physical temperature, using measurement result as bright temperature known to matched load, as the scaled of earth observation receiver
The high temperature reference of journey；
Step 107), the earth observation receiver is switched to cold empty calibration antenna by front end variable connector, measurement is cold
Empty bright temperature；Then cold empty calibration antenna radiation pattern and the bright temperature distribution of known cold sky known to, calculates cold empty calibration antenna and receives
Angle integrate bright temperature, angle is integrated into bright temperature bright temperature as known to, the low temperature as the earth observation receiver calibration process
With reference to；
It is step 108), defeated according to high temperature reference source state receiver output voltage, and low temperature reference source state receiver
Go out voltage, the characteristic curve of earth observation receiver is calculated, so as to realize the calibration of earth observation receiver；
Step 109), the quantity according to contained earth observation receiver in spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer, are repeated above-mentioned
Step 106)-step 108), realize the demarcation of all earth observation receiver identity curves in spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer；
Step 110), by it is spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer in all earth observation receivers simultaneously be switched to public noise
Source, using the proven earth observation receiver identity curve of step before, measure public noise source and reach earth observation and connect
Receive the power level T of generator terminal mouthj, and then calculate between all earth observation receiver measured values and Dick's type receiver measured value
Ratios delta L1,...,ΔLN, wherein N be it is spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer in all earth observation receivers quantity, the ratio
Value is the amplitude Similarity Parameter that public noise allocation network reaches each earth observation receiver port；
Step 111), pass through the phase between all earth observation receivers of multiple correlation algorithm calculating and Dick's type receiver
Poor Δ φ1,...,ΔφN, the phase difference is the phase that public noise allocation network reaches each earth observation receiver port
Similarity Parameter；
Step 112), combining step 110) and step 111) result, realize the accurate calibration of public noise allocation network.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in addition to：On the basis of long period calibration, known public noise allocation network is utilized
Calibration result realizes the short Periodic calibration of calibration, and the short Periodic calibration includes：
Step 201), Dick's type receiver are switched to cold empty, matched load and public made an uproar by front end variable connector in turn
Sound source, utilize the known cold empty and bright temperature of matched load, real-time calibration Dick's type receiver transfer characteristic curve；
Step 202), the reception of Dick's type is reached using calibrated Dick's type receiver transfer characteristic calibration curve noise source
The power level of generator terminal mouth；
Step 203), using long period dimensioning phase demarcation public noise allocation network and 202) in measurement noise source
The power level of Dick's receiver port is reached, noise source is calculated and is connect by each earth observation of public noise allocation network arrival
Receive generator terminal mouth noise source power levels；
Step 204), each receiver is switched to public noise source by front end variable connector, each receiver measures simultaneously
Noise source power levels；
Step 205), comparison step 203) calculate each earth observation receiver port power level and step 204) it is each
The actual power level measured of earth observation receiver, if both are less than a certain threshold value compared to difference, perform step 206)；If
Both are compared to changing, then each earth observation receiver does not work in stable state, perform step 208), otherwise, star
Carry after interference type micro-wave radiometer continues for some time progress earth observation and re-start short Periodic calibration；
Step 206), each receiver is switched to matched load by front end variable connector, each receiver is measured and made an uproar simultaneously
Sound power of a source level；
Step 207), the matched load actual power level and step of each receiver port measurement of long calibration cycle
206) power level of each receiver measurement matched load, if both compared to changing, each receiver does not work
In stable state, step 208) is performed, otherwise, spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer continues for some time weight after progress earth observation
Newly carry out short Periodic calibration；
Step 208), step 205) and step 207) either step determine each operation of receiver in unstable state, then
Long period calibration mode is switched to, re-scales the transfer curve of each receiver.
The advantage of the invention is that：
By the improvement formed to conventional interference type micro-wave radiometer system and new calibration handling process, using additional
Cold empty calibration antenna, cold empty variable connector and noise source distribution network, using independent Dick's type receiver, realize interference formula
The demarcation of relative amplitude and phase equalization between all receiver transfer characteristic curves of microwave radiometer and receiver.This hair
The calibration handling process of bright proposition ensure that interference type micro-wave radiometer accurately measures the requirement of definitely bright temperature.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer.
Embodiment
In conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Before being elaborated to the calibrating method of the present invention, first to be applicable spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer
Structure be described.As shown in figure 1, the spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer includes：Earth observation aerial array, cold empty calibration
Antenna, public noise source, noise source multi-path power divider, cold empty variable connector, receiver front end variable connector, Dick's type receiver
And earth observation receiver；Wherein, the earth observation aerial array is linear antenna arrays, includes multiple earth observations
Antenna (depict only two earth observation antennas, in actual use not limited to this) in Fig. 1, the side of each earth observation antenna
It is circular conical surface to figure, there is horizontal polarization H and vertical polarization V output ports per slave antenna, Polarimetry can be carried out；These
The antenna beam (representing antenna beam with solid line with the arrow in Fig. 1, dotted line represents antenna direction) of earth observation antenna deviates
Ground is pointed in antenna plane normal, oblique fire；Two earth observation receivers are installed after each earth observation antenna, respectively
The horizontal polarization information H and vertical polarization information V that measurement antenna is received；The antenna beam of the cold empty calibration antenna with over the ground
Antenna beam is observed on the contrary, constant point to cold sky；Cold empty calibration antenna is connected to all receivers (bag by cold empty variable connector
Include Dick's type receiver and earth observation receiver)；Public noise source by noise source multi-path power divider, receiver front end it is more
Way switch network is connected with all receivers；Each receiver front end is respectively provided with a matched load, and receiver can be surveyed accurately
Measure the physical temperature of all matched loads；Dick's type operation of receiver is under Dick's pattern, i.e., the receiver passes through front end
Variable connector switches, and can carry out Dick's switching between cold empty calibration antenna, matched load and public noise source；Earth observation
Receiver is connected by front end variable connector with cold empty calibration antenna, earth observation antenna, matched load and public noise source, can
Under switching sequence control, under timesharing measurement matched load, cold empty calibration antenna, public noise source and earth observation antenna condition
Power level.
The part in spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer is described further below.
The cold empty variable connector is 1 to cut N switches, and N represents receiver (including Dick in spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer
Type receiver and earth observation receiver) number of antennas.
The receiver front end variable connector is divided into two classes, and one kind is the front end variable connector of earth observation receiver, this
Class switch cuts 4 switches for 1, make earth observation receiver connect respectively earth observation antenna, cold empty calibration antenna, matched load and
Public noise source；Another kind of is the front end variable connector of Dick's type receiver, and such switch cuts 3 switches for 1, for realizing Dick
Switching of the type receiver between cold empty calibration antenna, matched load and public noise source.The receiver front end variable connector
For low loss switching, such as realized using coaxial switch, mechanical switch or relay.
The public noise source is installed in thermostat, and thermostat can guarantee that public noise source output noise level is relatively steady
It is fixed.
The calibrating method of the spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer of the present invention includes long period calibration and short Periodic calibration.It is described
Long period is calibrated for the complete calibration to whole radiometer system, and the short Periodic calibration is then on the basis of long period calibration
On, realize system calibration using known public noise allocation network calibration result.Under long period calibration mode, spaceborne interference
Cold empty calibration antenna in type micro-wave radiometer inputs each receiver port (receiver of type containing Dick by variable connector in turn
Port)；Under short Periodic calibration pattern, antenna is constant is switched to Dick's type receiver port for cold empty calibration.
The specific steps of two kinds of calibration modes are described further separately below.
Long period calibration comprises the following steps：
Step 101), Dick's type receiver are switched to matched load by front end variable connector；
Step 102), measurement matched load physical temperature, bright temperature is launched due to matched load and is equal to its physical temperature, therefore
Can be as the known bright temperature of matched load, the high temperature reference as calibration process；
Step 103), Dick's type receiver are switched to cold empty calibration antenna by front end variable connector so that Dick's type connects
Receipts machine measures the cold bright temperature of sky；
Step 104), cold empty calibration antenna radiation pattern and the bright temperature distribution of known cold sky known to, calculate cold empty calibration day
The angle that line receives integrates bright temperature, and angle is integrated into the bright temperature low temperature of bright temperature as calibration process as known to refers to；
Step 105), according to the high temperature reference source obtained by step 102), (i.e. Dick's type receiver is switched to matched load
When the bright temperature of output) state, Dick's type receiver output voltage；And the state of low temperature reference source that step 104) obtains,
Dick's type receiver output voltage；By output voltage of Dick's type receiver under two states, it is special to calculate Dick's type receiver
Linearity curve, realize the calibration of Dick's type receiver.
Step 106), a certain earth observation receiver is switched to matched load by front end variable connector, then measured
Matched load physical temperature, using measurement result as bright temperature known to matched load, as the scaled of earth observation receiver
The high temperature reference of journey；
Step 107), the earth observation receiver is switched to cold empty calibration antenna by front end variable connector, measurement is cold
Empty bright temperature；Then cold empty calibration antenna radiation pattern and the bright temperature distribution of known cold sky known to, calculates cold empty calibration antenna and receives
Angle integrate bright temperature, angle is integrated into bright temperature bright temperature as known to, the low temperature as the earth observation receiver calibration process
With reference to；
It is step 108), defeated according to high temperature reference source state receiver output voltage, and low temperature reference source state receiver
Go out voltage, the characteristic curve of earth observation receiver is calculated, so as to realize the calibration of earth observation receiver.
Step 109), the quantity according to contained earth observation receiver in spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer, are repeated above-mentioned
Step 106)-step 108), you can realize all earth observation receiver identity curves in spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer
Demarcation；
Step 110), by it is spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer in all earth observation receivers simultaneously be switched to public noise
Source, using the proven earth observation receiver identity curve of step before, measure public noise source and reach earth observation and connect
Receive the power level T of generator terminal mouthj, and then calculate between all earth observation receiver measured values and Dick's type receiver measured value
Ratios delta L1,...,ΔLN(N is the quantity of all earth observation receivers in spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer), the ratio
As public noise allocation network reaches the amplitude Similarity Parameter of each earth observation receiver port；Wherein,
ΔL1(0)=T1_N(0)/TDicke_N(0)
ΔL2(0)=T2_N(0)/TDicke_N(0)
ΔLM(0)=TM_N(0)/TDicke_N(0)；
Tj_N(0) power level of the input port of j-th of earth observation receiver is represented；TDicke_N(0) Dick's type is represented
Receiver measured value；
Step 111), pass through the phase between all earth observation receivers of multiple correlation algorithm calculating and Dick's type receiver
Poor Δ φ1,...,ΔφN, the phase difference is the phase that public noise allocation network reaches each earth observation receiver port
Similarity Parameter；Wherein,
Δφ1(0)=φ1_N(0)-φDicke_N(0)
Δφ2(0)=φ2_N(0)-φDicke_N(0)
ΔφM(0)=φM_N(0)-φDicke_N(0)；
φj_N(0) phase value of j-th of earth observation receiver, φ are representedDicke_N(0) phase of Dick's type receiver is represented
Place value；
Step 112), combining step 110) and step 111) result, realize the accurate calibration of public noise allocation network.
When all receiver ports are switched to public noise source, noise Injection Signal that each receiver receives it is relative
Amplitude and phase are determined by the performance of noise allocation network.For preferable constant amplitude network, all receiver notes are distributed with phase noise
The noise power entered is equal, relative phase 0.But in fact, noise allocation network can not possibly be preferable, now by will be all right
Ground observes receiver output signal and carries out interferometry with Dick's type receiver output signal, you can calculates each earth observation and connects
The amplitude and phase and the relative value of Dick's type receiver of generator terminal mouth noise injection are received, by the comparison of the relative value, can be demarcated
The non-ideal type of noise allocation network, or inconsistency.
Short Periodic calibration comprises the following steps：
Step 201), Dick's type receiver are switched to cold empty, matched load and public made an uproar by front end variable connector in turn
Sound source, utilize the known cold empty and bright temperature of matched load, real-time calibration Dick's type receiver transfer characteristic curve；
Step 202), the reception of Dick's type is reached using calibrated Dick's type receiver transfer characteristic calibration curve noise source
The power level of generator terminal mouth；
Step 203), using long period dimensioning phase demarcation public noise allocation network and 202) in measurement noise source
The power level of Dick's receiver port is reached, noise source is calculated and is connect by each earth observation of public noise allocation network arrival
Receive generator terminal mouth noise source power levels；
Step 204), each receiver is switched to public noise source by front end variable connector, each receiver measures simultaneously
Noise source power levels；
Step 205), comparison step 203) calculate each earth observation receiver port power level and step 204) it is each
The actual power level measured of earth observation receiver, if both are less than a certain threshold value compared to difference, perform step 206)；If
Both are compared to changing, then each earth observation receiver does not work in stable state, perform step 208), otherwise, star
Carry after interference type micro-wave radiometer continues for some time progress earth observation and re-start short Periodic calibration；
Step 206), each receiver is switched to matched load by front end variable connector, each receiver is measured and made an uproar simultaneously
Sound power of a source level；
Step 207), the matched load actual power level and step of each receiver port measurement of long calibration cycle
206) power level of each receiver measurement matched load, if both compared to changing, each receiver does not work
In stable state, step 208) is performed, otherwise, spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer continues for some time weight after progress earth observation
Newly carry out short Periodic calibration；
Step 208), step 205) and step 207) either step determine each operation of receiver in unstable state, then
Long period calibration mode is switched to, re-scales the transfer curve of each receiver.
It should be noted last that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted.Although ginseng
The present invention is described in detail according to embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, to the technical side of the present invention
Case is modified or equivalent substitution, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover in the present invention
Right among.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer, it is characterised in that including：Earth observation aerial array, cold empty calibration antenna, Public noise source, noise source multi-path power divider, cold empty variable connector, receiver front end variable connector, Dick's type receiver and Earth observation receiver；Wherein,The earth observation aerial array is linear antenna arrays, includes multiple earth observation antennas, these earth observation days The antenna beam of line deviates antenna plane normal, and ground is pointed in oblique fire；Be provided with after each earth observation antenna two it is right Receiver is observed on ground, measures the horizontal polarization information H and vertical polarization information V that antenna is received respectively；The cold empty calibration day The antenna beam of line is with earth observation antenna beam on the contrary, constant point to cold sky；Cold empty calibration antenna passes through cold empty variable connector All receivers being connected to including Dick's type receiver, earth observation receiver；Public noise source is more by noise source Road power splitter, the variable connector network of receiver front end are connected with all receivers；Each receiver front end is respectively provided with one Matched load, receive the physical temperature that function accurately measures all matched loads；Dick's type operation of receiver is in Dick's mould Under formula, i.e., the receiver is switched by front end variable connector, can cold empty calibration antenna, matched load and public noise source it Between carry out Dick's switching；Earth observation receiver is calibrated antenna, earth observation antenna with cold sky by front end variable connector, matched Load and the connection of public noise source.
- 2. spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cold empty variable connector is 1 N switches are cut, N represents the number of antennas of all receivers in spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer.
- 3. spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the receiver front end multichannel is opened Pass is divided into two classes, and one kind is the front end variable connector of earth observation receiver, and such switch cuts 4 switches for 1, connects earth observation Receipts machine connects earth observation antenna, cold empty calibration antenna, matched load and public noise source respectively；Another kind of is that Dick's type receives The front end variable connector of machine, such switch cut 3 switches for 1, for realizing that Dick's type receiver is negative in cold empty calibration antenna, matching Carry the switching between public noise source.
- 4. the calibrating method of the spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer described in one of couple claim 1-3, for whole spaceborne dry Interferometric microwave radiometer, which is finished, adjusts the calibration of target long period, and the long period calibration includes：Step 101), Dick's type receiver are switched to matched load by front end variable connector；Step 102), measurement matched load physical temperature, using measurement result as bright temperature known to matched load, as scaled The high temperature reference of journey；Step 103), Dick's type receiver are switched to cold empty calibration antenna by front end variable connector so that Dick's type receiver Measure the cold bright temperature of sky；Step 104), cold empty calibration antenna radiation pattern and the bright temperature distribution of known cold sky known to, calculate cold empty calibration antenna and connect The angle of receipts integrates bright temperature, and angle is integrated into the bright temperature low temperature of bright temperature as calibration process as known to refers to；Step 105), the state according to the high temperature reference source obtained by step 102), Dick's type receiver output voltage；And step The state of the rapid low temperature reference source 104) obtained, Dick's type receiver output voltage；By Dick's type receiver under two states Output voltage, calculate Dick's type receiver identity curve, realize the calibration of Dick's type receiver；Step 106), a certain earth observation receiver is switched to matched load by front end variable connector, then measurement matching Physical temperature is loaded, using measurement result as bright temperature known to matched load, the calibration process as earth observation receiver High temperature refers to；Step 107), the earth observation receiver is switched to cold empty calibration antenna by front end variable connector, it is bright to measure cold sky Temperature；Then cold empty calibration antenna radiation pattern and the bright temperature distribution of known cold sky known to, calculates the angle that cold empty calibration antenna receives Degree integrates bright temperature, and angle is integrated into bright temperature bright temperature as known to, the low temperature reference as the earth observation receiver calibration process；Step 108), according to high temperature reference source state receiver output voltage, and low temperature reference source state receiver output electricity Pressure, the characteristic curve of earth observation receiver is calculated, so as to realize the calibration of earth observation receiver；Step 109), the quantity according to contained earth observation receiver in spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer, repeat the above steps 106)-step 108), the demarcation of all earth observation receiver identity curves in spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer is realized；Step 110), by it is spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer in all earth observation receivers simultaneously be switched to public noise source, Using the proven earth observation receiver identity curve of step before, measure public noise source and reach earth observation receiver The power level T of portj, and then calculate the ratio between all earth observation receiver measured values and Dick's type receiver measured value It is worth Δ L1,...,ΔLN, wherein N is the quantity of all earth observation receivers in spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer, and the ratio is The amplitude Similarity Parameter of each earth observation receiver port is reached for public noise allocation network；Step 111), pass through the phase difference between all earth observation receivers of multiple correlation algorithm calculating and Dick's type receiver φ1,...,ΔφN, the phase difference is the phase portrait that public noise allocation network reaches each earth observation receiver port Property parameter；Wherein,Δφ1(0)=φ1_N(0)-φDicke_N(0)Δφ2(0)=φ2_N(0)-φDicke_N(0)ΔφM(0)=φM_N(0)-φDicke_N(0)；φj_N(0) phase value of j-th of earth observation receiver, φ are representedDicke_N(0) phase value of Dick's type receiver is represented；Step 112), combining step 110) and step 111) result, realize the accurate calibration of public noise allocation network.
- 5. calibrating method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that also include：On the basis of long period calibration, utilize Known public noise allocation network calibration result realizes the short Periodic calibration of calibration, and the short Periodic calibration includes：Step 201), Dick's type receiver are switched to cold empty, matched load and public noise in turn by front end variable connector Source, utilize the known cold empty and bright temperature of matched load, real-time calibration Dick's type receiver transfer characteristic curve；Step 202), using calibrated Dick's type receiver transfer characteristic calibration curve noise source reach Dick's type receiver end The power level of mouth；Step 203), the public noise allocation network using the demarcation of long period dimensioning phase and 202) the noise source arrival of middle measurement The power level of Dick's receiver port, calculate noise source and each earth observation receiver is reached by public noise allocation network Port noise source power levels；Step 204), each receiver is switched to public noise source by front end variable connector, each receiver measurement noise simultaneously Source power levels；Step 205), comparison step 203) calculate each earth observation receiver port power level and step 204) it is each over the ground The actual power level measured of receiver is observed, if both are less than a certain threshold value compared to difference, performs step 206)；If both Compared to changing, then each earth observation receiver does not work in stable state, performs step 208), otherwise, spaceborne dry Interferometric microwave radiometer re-starts short Periodic calibration after continuing for some time progress earth observation；Step 206), each receiver is switched to matched load by front end variable connector, each receiver measurement noise source simultaneously Power level；Step 207), the matched load actual power level of each receiver port measurement of long calibration cycle and step 206) are each The power level of individual receiver measurement matched load, if both compared to changing, each receiver does not work in stabilization State, step 208) is performed, otherwise, spaceborne interference type micro-wave radiometer re-starts after continuing for some time progress earth observation Short Periodic calibration；Step 208), step 205) and step 207) either step determine that each operation of receiver in unstable state, then switches To long period calibration mode, the transfer curve of each receiver is re-scaled.
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