CN104793061A - Spaceborne interferometic microwave radiometer and calibration method thereof - Google Patents
Spaceborne interferometic microwave radiometer and calibration method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a spaceborne interferometic microwave radiometer comprising an earth observation antenna array, a cold sky calibration antenna, a public noise source, a noise-source multiway power divider, a cold sky multiway switch, receiver front-end multiway switches, Dick type receivers and earth observation receivers. The earth observation antenna array comprises multiple earth observation antennas, antenna beams of the earth observation antennas deviate from an antenna plane normal and obliquely point to the ground; the two earth observation receivers are mounted behind each earth observation antenna; antenna beams of the cold sky calibration antenna are opposite to the antenna beams of the earth observation antennas and constantly point to the cold sky; the cold sky calibration antenna is connected to all the receivers; the public noise source is connected with all the receivers; a matching load is mounted at the front end of each receiver; the Dick receivers are operated under the Dick mode; the earth observation receivers are connected with the cold sky calibration antenna, the earth observation antennas, the matching loads and the public noise source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to instrument calibration field, particularly the spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer of one and calibrating method thereof.
Background technology
Interfere type microwave radiometer is a kind of passive type microwave remote sensor, is mainly used in the technical field such as earth observation, space astronomy.Microwave radiometer receives the natural radiation signal from target.The power level of Received signal strength depends on the emissivity of target and the physical temperature of target itself.After the power level of accurate measurement Received signal strength, just can obtain the physical parameter such as temperature, surfaceness, specific inductive capacity of target further.
But, because natural radiation signal is very faint, the subtle change of the noise temperature of receiver own and gain, the measuring accuracy of radiometer will be had a strong impact on, therefore nearly all microwave radiometer all needs the special scaling system of design and calibrating method, the demarcation of the receipts that achieve a butt joint machine noise temperature and change in gain.Tradition true aperture microwave radiometer adopts two-point calibration method usually, antenna is made periodically to observe the cold empty background of the black matrix of known bright temperature and known bright temperature, namely by known thermal source and low-temperature receiver reference point, calculate receiver transfer characteristic curve, thus can the radiation brightness of target of accurate Calculation antenna observation itself.
Interfere type microwave radiometer is to the revolutionary improvement of tradition true aperture microwave radiometer.Bigbore true aperture antenna is decomposed into some discrete miniature antenna unit by this technology, and further by discrete antenna element rarefaction, by carrying out relevant treatment between antenna element Received signal strength, obtain the visibility function of target distribution, and then by spatial domain-spatial frequency domain mapping algorithm, indirectly obtain the bright temperature distributed image of spatial domain of target.
Because the usual bore of interfere type microwave radiometer is very large, comprise a large amount of receiving element, be difficult to adopt the periodically calibration of mechanical scanning mode.Up to now, Aperture synthesis interferometer is all adopt the mode of array integrated overturn to realize the observation of cold sky to reach the object of absolute calibration.There is a lot of problem in this method, such as overall observation cold empty time solar incident angle different from earth observation attitude, calibrate that excessive cycle affects earth observation, satellite periodically overturns consume fuel affects the lifetime of satellite etc., interfere type microwave radiometer is made to carry out quantification high sensitivity applications field, there is scarce capacity, thus have impact on the breadth and depth of interfere type microwave radiometer application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the problem that existing interfere type microwave radiometer is existing when calibrating, thus provide a kind of and realize simple, that calibration precision is high spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer and calibrating method thereof.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer, comprising: earth observation aerial array, cold sky calibration antenna, public noise source, noise source multi-path power divider, cold empty multi-way switch, receiver front end multi-way switch, Dick's type receiver and earth observation receiver; Wherein,
Described earth observation aerial array includes multiple earth observation antenna, and the antenna beam of these earth observation antennas departs from antenna plane normal, and ground is pointed in oblique fire; Two earth observation receivers are installed after each earth observation antenna, measure the horizontal polarization information H that receives of antenna and vertical polarization information V respectively; The antenna beam of described cold sky calibration antenna is contrary with earth observation antenna beam, the cold sky of constant sensing; Cold sky calibration antenna is connected to all receivers comprising Dick's type receiver, earth observation receiver by cold empty multi-way switch; Public noise source is connected with all receivers by the multi-way switch network of noise source multi-path power divider, receiver front end; Each receiver front end is respectively provided with a matched load, receives the physical temperature that function accurately measures all matched loads; Described Dick's type operation of receiver is under Dick's pattern, and namely this receiver is switched by front end multi-way switch, can calibrate antenna, carry out Dick's switching between matched load and public noise source at cold sky; Earth observation receiver is calibrated antenna, earth observation antenna, matched load and public noise source by front end multi-way switch with cold sky and is connected.
In technique scheme, described cold empty multi-way switch is 1 cut N switch, and N represents the number of antennas of all receivers in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer.
In technique scheme, described receiver front end multi-way switch is divided into two classes, one class is the front end multi-way switch of earth observation receiver, and this type of switch is 1 cut 4 switches, makes earth observation receiver connect earth observation antenna, cold sky calibration antenna, matched load and public noise source respectively; Another kind of is the front end multi-way switch of Dick's type receiver, and this type of switch is 1 cut 3 switches, for realizing Dick's type receiver in cold sky calibration antenna, switching between matched load and public noise source.
Present invention also offers the calibrating method to described spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer, for finishing target long period calibration of adjusting to whole spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer, described long period calibration comprises:
Step 101), Dick's type receiver is switched to matched load by front end multi-way switch;
Step 102), measure matched load physical temperature, using the known bright temperature of measurement result as matched load, as the high temperature reference of calibration process;
Step 103), Dick's type receiver by front end multi-way switch be switched to cold sky calibration antenna, make Dick's type receiver measure the bright temperature of cold sky;
Step 104), according to known cold sky calibration antenna radiation pattern and the distribution of known cold sky bright temperature, calculate the bright temperature of angle integration that cold sky calibration antenna receives, using bright for angle integration temperature as the low temperature reference of known bright temperature as calibration process;
Step 105), according to step 102) state of high temperature reference source that obtains, Dick's type receiver output voltage; And step 104) state of low temperature reference source that obtains, Dick's type receiver output voltage; By the output voltage of Dick's type receiver under two states, calculate Dick's type receiver identity curve, realize the calibration of Dick's type receiver;
Step 106), a certain earth observation receiver is switched to matched load by front end multi-way switch, then matched load physical temperature is measured, using the known bright temperature of measurement result as matched load, as the high temperature reference of the calibration process of earth observation receiver;
Step 107), by this earth observation receiver by front end multi-way switch be switched to cold sky calibration antenna, measure the bright temperature of cold sky; Then according to known cold sky calibration antenna radiation pattern and the bright temperature distribution of known cold sky, the bright temperature of angle integration that cold sky calibration antenna receives is calculated, using bright for angle integration temperature as known bright temperature, as the low temperature reference of this earth observation receiver calibration process;
Step 108), according to high temperature reference source state receiver output voltage, and low temperature reference source state receiver output voltage, calculates the family curve of earth observation receiver, thus realizes the calibration of earth observation receiver;
Step 109), according to the quantity of earth observation receiver contained in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer, repeat above-mentioned steps 106)-step 108), realize the demarcation of all earth observation receiver identity curves in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer;
Step 110), earth observation receivers all in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer are switched to public noise source simultaneously, step proven earth observation receiver identity curve before utilization, measures the power level T that public noise source arrives earth observation receiver port
j, and then calculate the ratios delta L between all earth observation receiver measured values and Dick's type receiver measured value
1..., Δ L
n, wherein N is the quantity of all earth observation receivers in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer, and this ratio is the amplitude Similarity Parameter that public noise allocation network arrives each earth observation receiver port;
Step 111), calculate the phase difference φ between all earth observation receivers and Dick's type receiver by multiple correlation algorithm
1..., Δ φ
n, this phase differential is the phase portrait parameter that public noise allocation network arrives each earth observation receiver port;
Step 112), combining step 110) and step 111) result, realize the accurate calibration of public noise allocation network.
In technique scheme, also comprise: on the basis of long period calibration, utilize known public noise allocation network calibration result to realize the short period calibration of calibration, described short period calibration comprises:
Step 201), Dick's type receiver by front end multi-way switch, be switched to cold sky, matched load and public noise source in turn, utilize known cold sky and the bright temperature of matched load, real-time calibration Dick type receiver transfer characteristic curve;
Step 202), utilize calibrated Dick's type receiver transfer characteristic calibration curve noise source to arrive the power level of Dick's type receiver port;
Step 203), the public noise allocation network and 202 that utilizes long period dimensioning phase to demarcate) in the noise source measured arrive the power level of Dick's receiver port, calculating noise source arrives each earth observation receiver port noise source power level by public noise allocation network;
Step 204), each receiver is switched to public noise source by front end multi-way switch, each receiver is measurement noises source power levels simultaneously;
Step 205), comparison step 203) each earth observation receiver port power level of calculating and step 204) power level of each earth observation receiver actual measurement, if both compare difference be less than a certain threshold value, then perform step 206); Change if both compare, then each earth observation receiver does not work in steady state (SS), performs step 208), otherwise spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer re-starts short period calibration after continuing for some time and carrying out earth observation;
Step 206), each receiver is switched to matched load by front end multi-way switch, each receiver is measurement noises source power levels simultaneously;
Step 207), the matched load actual power level measured of each receiver port of long calibration cycle and step 206) each receiver measures the power level of matched load, change if both compare, then each receiver does not work in steady state (SS), perform step 208), otherwise spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer re-starts short period calibration after continuing for some time and carrying out earth observation;
Step 208), step 205) and step 207) arbitrary step determines that each operation of receiver is in non-steady state, be then switched to long period calibration mode, again demarcates the transfer curve of each receiver.
The invention has the advantages that:
By the improvement that forms conventional interference type micro-wave radiometer system and novel calibration treatment scheme, utilize additional cold sky calibration antenna, cold empty multi-way switch and noise source distribution network, use independently Dick's type receiver, achieve the demarcation of relative amplitude and phase equalization between all receiver transfer characteristic curves of interfere type microwave radiometer and receiver.The calibration treatment scheme that the present invention proposes ensure that the requirement of absolute bright temperature accurately measured by interfere type microwave radiometer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer.
Embodiment
Now the invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Before calibrating method of the present invention is elaborated, first the structure of be suitable for spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer is described.As shown in Figure 1, this spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer comprises: earth observation aerial array, cold sky calibration antenna, public noise source, noise source multi-path power divider, cold empty multi-way switch, receiver front end multi-way switch, Dick's type receiver and earth observation receiver; Wherein, described earth observation aerial array is linear antenna arrays, include multiple earth observation antenna and (in Fig. 1, depict only two earth observation antennas, be not limited thereto in actual use), the directional diagram of each earth observation antenna is circular conical surface, every slave antenna has horizontal polarization H and vertical polarization V output port, can carry out Polarimetry; The antenna beam (represent antenna beam with the solid line of band arrow in Fig. 1, dotted line represents antenna direction) of these earth observation antennas departs from antenna plane normal, and ground is pointed in oblique fire; Two earth observation receivers are installed after each earth observation antenna, measure the horizontal polarization information H that receives of antenna and vertical polarization information V respectively; The antenna beam of described cold sky calibration antenna is contrary with earth observation antenna beam, the cold sky of constant sensing; Cold sky calibration antenna is connected to all receivers (comprising Dick's type receiver and earth observation receiver) by cold empty multi-way switch; Public noise source is connected with all receivers by the multi-way switch network of noise source multi-path power divider, receiver front end; Each receiver front end is respectively provided with a matched load, and receiver accurately can measure the physical temperature of all matched loads; Described Dick's type operation of receiver is under Dick's pattern, and namely this receiver is switched by front end multi-way switch, can calibrate antenna, carry out Dick's switching between matched load and public noise source at cold sky; Earth observation receiver is calibrated antenna, earth observation antenna, matched load and public noise source by front end multi-way switch with cold sky and is connected, can under switching sequence control, the power level under matched load, cold sky calibration antenna, public noise source and earth observation antenna condition is measured in timesharing.
Below the parts in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer are described further.
Described cold empty multi-way switch is 1 cut N switch, and N represents receiver in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer (comprising Dick's type receiver and earth observation receiver) number of antennas.
Described receiver front end multi-way switch is divided into two classes, and a class is the front end multi-way switch of earth observation receiver, and this type of switch is 1 cut 4 switches, makes earth observation receiver connect earth observation antenna, cold sky calibration antenna, matched load and public noise source respectively; Another kind of is the front end multi-way switch of Dick's type receiver, and this type of switch is 1 cut 3 switches, for realizing Dick's type receiver in cold sky calibration antenna, switching between matched load and public noise source.Described receiver front end multi-way switch is low loss switching, realizes as adopted coaxswitch, mechanical switch or relay.
Described public noise source is installed in calibration cell, and calibration cell can ensure that public noise source output noise level is relatively stable.
The calibrating method of spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer of the present invention comprises long period calibration and short period calibration.Described long period calibration is used for the complete calibration to whole radiometer system, and described short period calibration is then on the basis of long period calibration, utilizes known public noise allocation network calibration result to realize system calibration.Under long period calibration mode, the cold sky calibration antenna in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer inputs each receiver port (containing Dick's type receiver port) in turn by multi-way switch; Under short period calibration mode, antenna is constant is switched to Dick's type receiver port in cold sky calibration.
Respectively the concrete steps of two kinds of calibration modes are described further below.
Long period calibration comprises the following steps:
Step 101), Dick's type receiver is switched to matched load by front end multi-way switch;
Step 102), measure matched load physical temperature, launch bright temperature due to matched load and equal its physical temperature, therefore can as the known bright temperature of matched load, as the high temperature reference of calibration process;
Step 103), Dick's type receiver by front end multi-way switch be switched to cold sky calibration antenna, make Dick's type receiver measure the bright temperature of cold sky;
Step 104), according to known cold sky calibration antenna radiation pattern and the distribution of known cold sky bright temperature, calculate the bright temperature of angle integration that cold sky calibration antenna receives, using bright for angle integration temperature as the low temperature reference of known bright temperature as calibration process;
Step 105), according to step 102) state of the high temperature reference source that obtains (the bright temperature of output when namely Dick's type receiver is switched to matched load), Dick's type receiver output voltage; And step 104) state of low temperature reference source that obtains, Dick's type receiver output voltage; By the output voltage of Dick's type receiver under two states, calculate Dick's type receiver identity curve, realize the calibration of Dick's type receiver.
Step 106), a certain earth observation receiver is switched to matched load by front end multi-way switch, then matched load physical temperature is measured, using the known bright temperature of measurement result as matched load, as the high temperature reference of the calibration process of earth observation receiver;
Step 107), by this earth observation receiver by front end multi-way switch be switched to cold sky calibration antenna, measure the bright temperature of cold sky; Then according to known cold sky calibration antenna radiation pattern and the bright temperature distribution of known cold sky, the bright temperature of angle integration that cold sky calibration antenna receives is calculated, using bright for angle integration temperature as known bright temperature, as the low temperature reference of this earth observation receiver calibration process;
Step 108), according to high temperature reference source state receiver output voltage, and low temperature reference source state receiver output voltage, calculates the family curve of earth observation receiver, thus realizes the calibration of earth observation receiver.
Step 109), according to the quantity of earth observation receiver contained in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer, repeat above-mentioned steps 106)-step 108), the demarcation of all earth observation receiver identity curves in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer can be realized;
Step 110), earth observation receivers all in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer are switched to public noise source simultaneously, step proven earth observation receiver identity curve before utilization, measures the power level T that public noise source arrives earth observation receiver port
j, and then calculate the ratios delta L between all earth observation receiver measured values and Dick's type receiver measured value
1..., Δ L
n(N is the quantity of all earth observation receivers in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer), this ratio is the amplitude Similarity Parameter that public noise allocation network arrives each earth observation receiver port; Wherein,
ΔL
1(0)＝T
1_N(0)/T
Dicke_N(0)
ΔL
2(0)＝T
2_N(0)/T
Dicke_N(0)
.
.
.
ΔL
M(0)＝T
M_N(0)/T
Dicke_N(0)；
T
j_N(0) power level of the input port of a jth earth observation receiver is represented; T
dicke_
n(0) Dick's type receiver measured value is represented;
Step 111), calculate the phase difference φ between all earth observation receivers and Dick's type receiver by multiple correlation algorithm
1..., Δ φ
n, this phase differential is the phase portrait parameter that public noise allocation network arrives each earth observation receiver port; Wherein,
Δφ
1(0)＝φ
1_N(0)-φ
Dicke_N(0)
Δφ
2(0)＝φ
2_N(0)-φ
Dicke_N(0)
.
.
.
Δφ
M(0)＝φ
M_N(0)-φ
Dicke_N(0)；
φ
j_N(0) phase value of a jth earth observation receiver is represented, φ
dicke_N(0) phase value of Dick's type receiver is represented;
Step 112), combining step 110) and step 111) result, realize the accurate calibration of public noise allocation network.
When all receiver ports are switched to public noise source, the relative amplitude of the noise Injection Signal that each receiver receives and phase place are determined by the performance of noise allocation network.For desirable constant amplitude homophase noise allocation network, the noise power that all receivers inject is equal, and relative phase is 0.But in fact, noise allocation network can not be desirable, now carry out interferometry by all earth observation receiver output signals being outputed signal with Dick's type receiver, the amplitude of each earth observation receiver port noise injection and the relative value of phase place and Dick's type receiver can be calculated, by the comparison of this relative value, the imperfect type of noise allocation network can be demarcated, or inconsistency.
Short period calibration comprises the following steps:
Step 201), Dick's type receiver by front end multi-way switch, be switched to cold sky, matched load and public noise source in turn, utilize known cold sky and the bright temperature of matched load, real-time calibration Dick type receiver transfer characteristic curve;
Step 202), utilize calibrated Dick's type receiver transfer characteristic calibration curve noise source to arrive the power level of Dick's type receiver port;
Step 203), the public noise allocation network and 202 that utilizes long period dimensioning phase to demarcate) in the noise source measured arrive the power level of Dick's receiver port, calculating noise source arrives each earth observation receiver port noise source power level by public noise allocation network;
Step 204), each receiver is switched to public noise source by front end multi-way switch, each receiver is measurement noises source power levels simultaneously;
Step 205), comparison step 203) each earth observation receiver port power level of calculating and step 204) power level of each earth observation receiver actual measurement, if both compare difference be less than a certain threshold value, then perform step 206); Change if both compare, then each earth observation receiver does not work in steady state (SS), performs step 208), otherwise spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer re-starts short period calibration after continuing for some time and carrying out earth observation;
Step 206), each receiver is switched to matched load by front end multi-way switch, each receiver is measurement noises source power levels simultaneously;
Step 207), the matched load actual power level measured of each receiver port of long calibration cycle and step 206) each receiver measures the power level of matched load, change if both compare, then each receiver does not work in steady state (SS), perform step 208), otherwise spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer re-starts short period calibration after continuing for some time and carrying out earth observation;
Step 208), step 205) and step 207) arbitrary step determines that each operation of receiver is in non-steady state, be then switched to long period calibration mode, again demarcates the transfer curve of each receiver.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted.Although with reference to embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer, it is characterized in that, comprising: earth observation aerial array, cold sky calibration antenna, public noise source, noise source multi-path power divider, cold empty multi-way switch, receiver front end multi-way switch, Dick's type receiver and earth observation receiver; Wherein,
Described earth observation aerial array is linear antenna arrays, includes multiple earth observation antenna, and the antenna beam of these earth observation antennas departs from antenna plane normal, and ground is pointed in oblique fire; Two earth observation receivers are installed after each earth observation antenna, measure the horizontal polarization information H that receives of antenna and vertical polarization information V respectively; The antenna beam of described cold sky calibration antenna is contrary with earth observation antenna beam, the cold sky of constant sensing; Cold sky calibration antenna is connected to all receivers comprising Dick's type receiver, earth observation receiver by cold empty multi-way switch; Public noise source is connected with all receivers by the multi-way switch network of noise source multi-path power divider, receiver front end; Each receiver front end is respectively provided with a matched load, receives the physical temperature that function accurately measures all matched loads; Described Dick's type operation of receiver is under Dick's pattern, and namely this receiver is switched by front end multi-way switch, can calibrate antenna, carry out Dick's switching between matched load and public noise source at cold sky; Earth observation receiver is calibrated antenna, earth observation antenna, matched load and public noise source by front end multi-way switch with cold sky and is connected.
2. spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cold empty multi-way switch is 1 cut N switch, and N represents the number of antennas of all receivers in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer.
3. spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described receiver front end multi-way switch is divided into two classes, one class is the front end multi-way switch of earth observation receiver, this type of switch is 1 cut 4 switches, makes earth observation receiver connect earth observation antenna, cold sky calibration antenna, matched load and public noise source respectively; Another kind of is the front end multi-way switch of Dick's type receiver, and this type of switch is 1 cut 3 switches, for realizing Dick's type receiver in cold sky calibration antenna, switching between matched load and public noise source.
4. the calibrating method of the spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer that one of couple claim 1-3 is described, for finishing target long period calibration of adjusting to whole spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer, described long period calibration comprises:
Step 101), Dick's type receiver is switched to matched load by front end multi-way switch;
Step 102), measure matched load physical temperature, using the known bright temperature of measurement result as matched load, as the high temperature reference of calibration process;
Step 103), Dick's type receiver by front end multi-way switch be switched to cold sky calibration antenna, make Dick's type receiver measure the bright temperature of cold sky;
Step 104), according to known cold sky calibration antenna radiation pattern and the distribution of known cold sky bright temperature, calculate the bright temperature of angle integration that cold sky calibration antenna receives, using bright for angle integration temperature as the low temperature reference of known bright temperature as calibration process;
Step 105), according to step 102) state of high temperature reference source that obtains, Dick's type receiver output voltage; And step 104) state of low temperature reference source that obtains, Dick's type receiver output voltage; By the output voltage of Dick's type receiver under two states, calculate Dick's type receiver identity curve, realize the calibration of Dick's type receiver;
Step 106), a certain earth observation receiver is switched to matched load by front end multi-way switch, then matched load physical temperature is measured, using the known bright temperature of measurement result as matched load, as the high temperature reference of the calibration process of earth observation receiver;
Step 107), by this earth observation receiver by front end multi-way switch be switched to cold sky calibration antenna, measure the bright temperature of cold sky; Then according to known cold sky calibration antenna radiation pattern and the bright temperature distribution of known cold sky, the bright temperature of angle integration that cold sky calibration antenna receives is calculated, using bright for angle integration temperature as known bright temperature, as the low temperature reference of this earth observation receiver calibration process;
Step 108), according to high temperature reference source state receiver output voltage, and low temperature reference source state receiver output voltage, calculates the family curve of earth observation receiver, thus realizes the calibration of earth observation receiver;
Step 109), according to the quantity of earth observation receiver contained in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer, repeat above-mentioned steps 106)-step 108), realize the demarcation of all earth observation receiver identity curves in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer;
Step 110), earth observation receivers all in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer are switched to public noise source simultaneously, step proven earth observation receiver identity curve before utilization, measures the power level T that public noise source arrives earth observation receiver port
j, and then calculate the ratios delta L between all earth observation receiver measured values and Dick's type receiver measured value
1..., Δ L
n, wherein N is the quantity of all earth observation receivers in spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer, and this ratio is the amplitude Similarity Parameter that public noise allocation network arrives each earth observation receiver port;
Step 111), calculate the phase difference φ between all earth observation receivers and Dick's type receiver by multiple correlation algorithm
1..., Δ φ
n, this phase differential is the phase portrait parameter that public noise allocation network arrives each earth observation receiver port;
Step 112), combining step 110) and step 111) result, realize the accurate calibration of public noise allocation network.
5. calibrating method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, also comprises: on the basis of long period calibration, and utilize known public noise allocation network calibration result to realize the short period calibration of calibration, described short period calibration comprises:
Step 201), Dick's type receiver by front end multi-way switch, be switched to cold sky, matched load and public noise source in turn, utilize known cold sky and the bright temperature of matched load, real-time calibration Dick type receiver transfer characteristic curve;
Step 202), utilize calibrated Dick's type receiver transfer characteristic calibration curve noise source to arrive the power level of Dick's type receiver port;
Step 203), the public noise allocation network and 202 that utilizes long period dimensioning phase to demarcate) in the noise source measured arrive the power level of Dick's receiver port, calculating noise source arrives each earth observation receiver port noise source power level by public noise allocation network;
Step 204), each receiver is switched to public noise source by front end multi-way switch, each receiver is measurement noises source power levels simultaneously;
Step 205), comparison step 203) each earth observation receiver port power level of calculating and step 204) power level of each earth observation receiver actual measurement, if both compare difference be less than a certain threshold value, then perform step 206); Change if both compare, then each earth observation receiver does not work in steady state (SS), performs step 208), otherwise spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer re-starts short period calibration after continuing for some time and carrying out earth observation;
Step 206), each receiver is switched to matched load by front end multi-way switch, each receiver is measurement noises source power levels simultaneously;
Step 207), the matched load actual power level measured of each receiver port of long calibration cycle and step 206) each receiver measures the power level of matched load, change if both compare, then each receiver does not work in steady state (SS), perform step 208), otherwise spaceborne interfere type microwave radiometer re-starts short period calibration after continuing for some time and carrying out earth observation;
Step 208), step 205) and step 207) arbitrary step determines that each operation of receiver is in non-steady state, be then switched to long period calibration mode, again demarcates the transfer curve of each receiver.
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