CN104792308B - A kind of winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer and its measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer and its measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104792308B CN104792308B CN201510187739.2A CN201510187739A CN104792308B CN 104792308 B CN104792308 B CN 104792308B CN 201510187739 A CN201510187739 A CN 201510187739A CN 104792308 B CN104792308 B CN 104792308B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/18—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
- G01C9/20—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids the indication being based on the inclination of the surface of a liquid relative to its container
- G01C9/22—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids the indication being based on the inclination of the surface of a liquid relative to its container with interconnected containers in fixed relation to each other
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- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer and its measuring method, the inclinometer includes skeleton, the skeleton center section is set to kidney-shaped hollow out, four sides of the skeleton are I-shaped measurement plane, it is located on skeleton on the outside of hollow out and is further opened with annular groove, the winding linker for containing liquid is installed in the annular groove, steel ruler is installed on the vertical central shaft of the skeleton, active cursor is additionally provided with the steel ruler, and is symmetrically distributed with active cursor aiming pointer；The measuring method is that vertical any measurement plane of inclinometer is abutted to the surface of tested works, and mobile active cursor, when aiming at pointer and the water surface being overlapped in the pipe of steel ruler side, calculates this inclination angle；Inclinometer measurement is inverted again and obtains secondary inclination angle, measurement result difference will be averaged twice as required inclination angle.The present invention can rapidly and accurately measure the gradient on works surface, improve operating efficiency and construction quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to civil engineering structure detection technique field, more particularly to a kind of two-way deviational survey of winding connected vessels type
Instrument and its measuring method, are mainly used in the gradient on measurement structure thing surface.
Background technology
It is well known that works surface slope is a very common big event in civil engineering structure detection, because
Not only be related to the external attractive in appearance of structure for the gradient on works surface, what is more important it can influence integrally-built peace
Full performance, requires higher position, deviational survey is just particularly important at some for flatness and perpendicularity.For example for using
As the wall of load bearing wall in the house of brick mix structure, if its inclination is excessive, be at eccentric compression state, then can be to whole
Individual building safety causes very big threat.
At present, the mode of in-site measurement works surface slope mainly has：Sash weight line, i.e., by one end of sash weight line apparatus
The upper end of tested works is fixed on, weight under gravity stretches vertical line, tested works lower end table is measured with steel ruler
Horizontal range between face and vertical line wire body, you can calculate the surface slope of tested works.But it is artificial random
Greatly, measurement accuracy is not high.When tested works vertical height is larger, it is necessary to set up ladder or stand, therefore there is high-altitude
The danger of operation；Horizon rule, i.e., be affixed on bubble position in the levelling tube on the surface of tested works, observation chi by horizon rule,
An angle of inclination can substantially be read.It equally exists the problem of artificial randomness is big, measurement accuracy is not high, and its is measurable
Scope is very limited；Geoplane, the instrument can examine quilt using laser one laser plane of formation launched with this
The irregularity degree of the plane of scanning motion, but its measurement accuracy is affected by human factors larger, it is necessary to which professional operates, while instrument
Cost of manufacture is high, complex operation；Theodolite is a kind of precision instrument that can be used for measuring angle and distance, can by the instrument
Relative coordinate between tested works boundary point is determined, calculated by corresponding geometry, you can obtain its gradient.
This method measurement accuracy is very high, good stability, but instrument needs professional to operate, and computational methods are complex, and instrument
Device belongs to highly sophisticated device, and its cost of manufacture is very high, and special protection is needed during in-site measurement.Simultaneously in above-mentioned measuring instrument, hang
Plumb line, horizon rule and Geoplane its own without school brake, want reduce observation error, just must repeated measurement it is several
Secondary to take the mean, which adds workload, and it is undesirable to reduce the effect of error.Theodolite belongs to precision instrument, from
Body measurement accuracy is very high, and can eliminate error well by the right round measurement of disk of facing left, but interior industry processing data
Amount is big, calculates relatively complicated, and the professional knowledge to personnel requires higher, has some limitations.
The content of the invention
There is provided a kind of winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer and its survey for deficiency of the present invention present in prior art
Amount method, so as to by it is positive and negative observation reduce error, improve accuracy of observation, and the inclinometer have low manufacture cost,
It is applied widely, be easy to the advantage that operates, be easy to carry about with one, and then can rapidly and accurately measure the inclination on works surface
Degree, improves operating efficiency and construction quality.
The present invention is achieved by following technical solution.
A kind of winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer, including skeleton, the skeleton center section are set to kidney-shaped hollow out, institute
Four sides for stating skeleton are I-shaped measurement plane, are located on skeleton on the outside of hollow out and are further opened with annular groove, the ring
It is provided with shape groove on the winding linker for containing liquid, the vertical central shaft of the skeleton and steel ruler, and the quarter of steel ruler is installed
Degree, which is divided on two parts symmetrical above and below, the steel ruler, is additionally provided with active cursor, and is symmetrically distributed with active cursor
Aim at pointer.
The winding linker is fixed in annular groove by being arranged at the buckle at two ends.
The winding linker upper end is provided with hole, and hole is closed by rubber stopper.
The two ends of the steel ruler are fixed on by screw on the hanger at skeleton two ends.
The annular groove is combined into kidney-shaped structure, and the shape and ring of winding linker by straightway and two ends arc section
The shape of shape groove matches.
The left and right sides of the skeleton has proficiency handle, and handle inner face makes cambered surface.
The winding linker is transparent glass tube.
The annulus with opening that the buckle is made for plastics, and annulus inner ring diameter is with connecting tube diameter phase
Match somebody with somebody.
A kind of method of use winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer measurement structure thing gradient, mainly comprises the following steps：
(1) the measurement inclination angle of inclinometer is just being put in determination：By vertical any measurement plane of above-mentioned inclinometer against tested knot
The surface of structure thing, after the intraluminal fluid face of winding linker two is steady, mobile active cursor, when aiming pointer and close steel ruler side
Intraluminal fluid face overlap when, read steel ruler reading and active cursor 11 reading, the two be added as inclination rear left pipe liquid
Position is H2, and calculates this inclination angle theta1；
(2) the measurement inclination angle of inversion inclinometer is determined, above-mentioned same operation is carried out, calculates secondary inclination angle theta2；
(3) final measurement inclination angle theta is determined：Step (1) and step (2) measurement result difference are averaged and produce final survey
Amount inclination angle is：
θ in the step (1)1Computing formula be：
θ in the step (2)2Computing formula：
In formula：H1For initial liquid level；H2For the left pipe liquid level of winding linker after inclination；R1For winding linker arc sections
The inside radius divided；R2For the outer radius of winding linker circular arc portion.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention using law of connected vessels carry out measurement of dip angle, high precision, low manufacture cost, it is applied widely, be easy to grasp
Work, purposes are more.Compared with prior art, with following remarkable advantage：
(1) because four outer side edges of skeleton of the present invention are I-shaped measurement plane, therefore any place can measure；
(2) present invention is by the way that steel ruler scale to be divided into two parts symmetrical above and below, and is symmetrically distributed with vernier
Pointer is aimed at, therefore can be measured in any side, and by being inverted an instrument, you can completion is positive and negative to survey twice
Amount, so as to reduce measurement error, improves measurement accuracy；
(3) present invention can both measure the inclination angle of vertical direction, can also survey the irregularity degree of horizontal direction, Er Qiecao
Make very simple, it is only necessary to be adjacent to the surface of I-shaped measurement plane and tested works；
(4) present invention can whether the consistent surface to works carries out leveling behaviour by observing water level in the side pipe of linker two
Make, the effect of conventional flat chi can be had concurrently；
(5) size of the present invention is small, light weight, easy to carry, while can also suitably be expanded, when needing to measure larger model
When enclosing interior inclination conditions, it is only necessary to a scalable strip plate supporting with the present invention, the I-shaped side of the present invention is pacified
It can be measured in preformed groove on strip plate；Usual scalable strip plate is processed into for aluminum alloy materials, its rigidity
Greatly, good stability, and light weight, it is easy to carry.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the invention；
Fig. 2 is in the structural representation of horizontality for the present invention；
Fig. 3 is in the structural representation of heeling condition for the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram using measurement structure thing gradient of the present invention.
In figure：1- skeletons, 2- hollow outs, 3- hand handles, 4- measurement planes, 5- annular grooves, 6- winding linkers, 7- buckles, 8-
Liquid, 9- steel rulers, 10- screws, 11- active cursors, 12- aims at pointer, and 13- holes, 14- rubber stoppers, 15- hangers, 16- is tested
Works.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but claimed scope is not limited to institute
State.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer of the present invention, including skeleton 1, the skeleton 1
Center section is set to kidney-shaped hollow out 2, and four sides of the skeleton 1 are I-shaped measurement plane 4, are located on skeleton 1
The outside of hollow out 2 is further opened with being provided with the winding linker 6 for containing liquid 8, the skeleton 1 in annular groove 5, the annular groove 5
Vertical central shaft on steel ruler 9 is installed, and the scale of steel ruler 9 is divided on two parts symmetrical above and below, the steel ruler 9 and also set
Active cursor 11 is equipped with, and is symmetrically distributed with active cursor 11 aiming pointer 12.It is supporting by active cursor 11 and steel ruler 9
Using surveying reading data.The liquid 8 has good mobility, cold and hot stability and nontoxic non-corrosiveness.The liquid can
Using transparent, the not volatile, good fluidities such as transformer oil, hydraulic oil, the not-easy-to-freeze liquid for being not easy to evaporation, should not adopt
With the liquid of the cold and hot stability difference such as water, alcohol.When in use, regulation steel ruler 9 is its positive direction straight down.
The winding linker 6 is fixed in annular groove 5 by being arranged at the buckle 7 at two ends.
The upper end of winding linker 6 is provided with hole 13, and hole 13 is used as toward gas in transfusion in pipe and discharge pipe, and
Hole 13 is closed by rubber stopper 14.
Precision (achieves that survey up to 0.1mm by 1mm is differed between the length and 1cm length on steel ruler on vernier per 1cm
Accuracy of measurement is 0.1mm), the aiming pointer is thin directly and stably, it is difficult to occur bending and deformation.Original state aims at the position of pointer 12
In the middle of steel ruler 9, initial reading is Lmm, and wherein L can produce corresponding range according to different demands, but protect
Measurement accuracy after card steel ruler and vernier is supporting be it is constant, by by 1cm length in the length and steel ruler on vernier per 1cm it
Between difference 1mm achieve that measurement accuracy be 0.1mm i.e. can be achieved above-mentioned requirements.The two ends of the steel ruler 9 are fixed by screw 10
On the hanger 15 at skeleton two ends.
The annular groove 5 is combined into kidney-shaped structure by straightway and two ends arc section.The shape of the winding linker 6
Match with the shape of annular groove 5.
The skeleton 1 is rectangular structure, and its length is respectively 250mm, 200mm, 20mm, and four sides are
Vertical plane.
The left and right sides (i.e. long straight flange side) of the skeleton 1 has on the other hand 3, and instrument is gripped for operating personnel.The handle 3
Size be 80mm × 40mm × 20mm (length × width × height), inner face makes cambered surface, in order to grip.The winding linker 6
For transparent glass tube, certain interior diameter that should be noted that pipe is unsuitable excessive here, otherwise can not utilize the spy of surface tension of liquid
Point, makes 5mm, the length of straigh line 100mm of winding linker 6, the outer radius of the arc section at two ends by the interior diameter of pipe herein
For 60mm, inside radius 55mm, it is fixed in the annular groove 5 reserved on skeleton 1, two ends buckle 7 is fixed, buckle 7 is modeling
Expect the annulus with opening being made, and annulus inner ring diameter matches with connecting tube diameter, by with active cursor 11
Steel ruler is fixed on the hanger 15 at the two ends of the vertical central shaft of skeleton, and hanger is the square or semicircle of trough of belt, active cursor
Should not pine also unsuitable tension excessively between aiming pointer 12 and pipe face on 11, it is ensured that it is slidably in linker tube outer surface
Can.
Before measurement, lower end of the present invention is placed on horizontal plane, during the pointer on vernier is returned, i.e., pointer is in Lmm position
Put, open soft rubber plug 14, liquid 8 is injected into winding linker 6 until liquid level can stop adding just at pointer position
Liquid, then fills in hole 13 by soft rubber plug 14, is closed.
The present invention makes full use of law of connected vessels and surface tension of liquid feature, i.e.,：
(1) in linker liquid constancy of volume.
(2) the intraluminal fluid face of linker both sides is in same level all the time；
(3) liquid surface has tension force so that linker intraluminal fluid face is radial parallel with pipe all the time.
According to above-mentioned 3 principles, the computing formula progress at inclination angle is derived with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 as follows：
From the constancy of volume of liquid in linker：
2π(R2-R1)2H1=π (R2-R1)2(H2+H3)
So as to obtain：
2H1=H2+H3
It is in all the time in same level from both sides intraluminal fluid face and liquid has tension force：
So inclination angle theta calculating formula is：
In above formula：
H1- initial liquid level (communicating pipe places vertically, and left and right pipe liquid level is equal)
H2For the left pipe liquid level of winding linker after inclination
H3For the right pipe liquid level of winding linker after inclination
R1For the inside radius of winding linker circular arc portion
R2For the outer radius of winding linker circular arc portion
It is above-mentioned for the computing formula for the inclination angle theta inquired into, in specific measurement due to the steel ruler scale be divided into it is symmetrical above and below
Two parts, and provide straight down be its positive direction, initial pointer position be in steel ruler middle, initial reading for ±
Lmm.Therefore inclination angle theta is calculated after being measured in first time1, instrument is inverted to come to measure again and obtain inclination angle theta2, it is theoretical
Upper conplane inclination angle should be equal, but be due to steel ruler range be from ± Lmm~0.0mm, therefore it is positive and negative twice after
The numerical value of measured value just on the contrary, and absolute value is equal, can thus be averaged by positive and negative measurement and improve precision, subtracted
Small error.
During positive survey：
During anti-survey：
Therefore final inclination angle theta is：
The application of the present invention is further illustrated with reference to embodiment.
As shown in figure 4, when measuring the inclination angle of vertical plane, I-shaped vertical any measurement plane 4 of the present invention is abutted
The surface of tested works 16, after 6 liang of intraluminal fluid positions of winding linker are steady, mobile active cursor 11, when aiming pointer 12
With when the water surface is just overlapped in the pipe of the side of steel ruler 9, reading the reading of steel ruler and the reading of active cursor 11, the two
It is added as current level H2, calculate this inclination angle theta1.Inclinometer is inverted, above-mentioned same operation is carried out, calculated second
Inclination angle theta2.The average value of measurement result difference is required inclination angle theta twice, so as to show that the surface of tested works 16 is oblique
Degree.
As shown in figure 3, when measure horizontal plane irregularity degree when, the regulating step before measurement ibid, now by the present invention
Any measurement plane 4 of I-shaped transverse direction be placed on the tested surface of tested works 16, when 6 liang of intraluminal fluids of winding linker position is flat
After steady, mobile active cursor 3 when pointer 12 is aimed at just being overlapped close to the intraluminal fluid face of the side of steel ruler 9, reads steel
The reading of chi and the reading of active cursor 11, the two is added as current level H2, calculates this irregularity degree.It is inverted deviational survey
Instrument, carries out above-mentioned same operation, calculates secondary irregularity degree.The average value of measurement result difference is required twice
Irregularity degree θ.
The measurement accuracy and resolution ratio of the present apparatus mainly determine by liquid level difference, i.e., the liquid level difference measured twice is bigger,
More obvious, prior art means are easier to be differentiated, and its availability is higher.The part of the present embodiment listed from table 1 is calculated
As a result be not difficult to find out, corresponding to vernier steel ruler minimum precision 0.1mm when, the present invention minimum angle measurement be 0.0955 °, show angle measurement
Precision and resolution ratio are very high.Institute's measuring angle increases as liquid level difference increases, and shows that measurable angle range is larger.
As known from Table 2, the value for carrying out obtaining average after positive and negative operation twice and only surveying once carries out contrast discovery, both
Relative error is little, and precision is still, it will also be apparent that：Inclination value obtained by carrying out positive and negative survey can reduce error, it is to avoid because of people
For factor cause result error it is larger, fluctuate it is larger, the relative error maximum in table between single measurement and positive and negative measurement can
Up to 4.166%, part checking computation results, and surveyed inclination angle very little are only listed in table, therefore the influence to final result is failed to understand
It is aobvious, but in the case of larger at inclination angle, it influences will very significantly, when for example inclination angle is 10 °, if relative error reaches
4.166%, then last measured value can deviate from 10 ° × 4.166%=0.4166 °, 0.4166 ° of inclination angle for vertical height 2m
Metope for, equivalent to two top end face relative level to displacement be 14.54mm, therefore will to the precision of angular surveying
Seeking Truth is very high, and positive and negative survey can just reduce these influences.
The present embodiment some numerical results of table 1
| Initial liquid level | Current level | Outer radius | Inclination angle | Liquid level difference |
| H1(mm) | H2(mm) | R2(mm) | θ(°) | H1-H2 |
| 50.0 | 49.9 | 60 | 0.0955 | 0.1 |
| 50.0 | 49.8 | 60 | 0.1910 | 0.2 |
| 50.0 | 49.7 | 60 | 0.2865 | 0.3 |
| 50.0 | 49.6 | 60 | 0.3820 | 0.4 |
| 50.0 | 49.5 | 60 | 0.4775 | 0.5 |
| 50.0 | 49.4 | 60 | 0.5729 | 0.6 |
| 50.0 | 49.3 | 60 | 0.6684 | 0.7 |
| 50.0 | 49.2 | 60 | 0.7639 | 0.8 |
| 50.0 | 49.1 | 60 | 0.8594 | 0.9 |
| 50.0 | 49.0 | 60 | 0.9548 | 1.0 |
| -50.0 | -49.9 | 60 | -0.0955 | -0.1 |
| -50.0 | -49.8 | 60 | -0.1910 | -0.2 |
| -50.0 | -49.7 | 60 | -0.2865 | -0.3 |
| -50.0 | -49.6 | 60 | -0.3820 | -0.4 |
| -50.0 | -49.5 | 60 | -0.4775 | -0.5 |
| -50.0 | -49.4 | 60 | -0.5729 | -0.6 |
| -50.0 | -49.3 | 60 | -0.6684 | -0.7 |
| -50.0 | -49.2 | 60 | -0.7639 | -0.8 |
| -50.0 | -49.1 | 60 | -0.8594 | -0.9 |
| -50.0 | -49.0 | 60 | -0.9548 | -1.0 |
The present embodiment some numerical results error analysis of table 2
As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2, inclined principal direction is may determine that from the inclination value of calculating, in the present embodiment,
On the occasion of showing tendency inner side, negative value shows tendency outside, therefore very useful.The present invention is easy to operate, and Computing Principle is simple, instrument
The low manufacture cost of device, and it is easy to maintaining, it is easy to carry, the scope of application is very wide.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer, it is characterised in that：Including skeleton (1), skeleton (1) pars intermedia sets up separately
Kidney-shaped hollow out (2) is set to, four sides of the skeleton (1) are I-shaped measurement plane (4), is located on skeleton (1) and engraves
It is further opened with that the winding linker (6) for containing liquid (8), institute are installed in annular groove (5), the annular groove (5) on the outside of empty (2)
Steel ruler (9) is installed on the vertical central shaft for stating skeleton (1), and the scale of steel ruler (9) is divided into two parts symmetrical above and below, institute
State and active cursor (11) is additionally provided with steel ruler (9), and be symmetrically distributed with active cursor (11) aiming pointer (12)；It is described
Winding linker (6) is fixed in annular groove (5) by being arranged at the buckle (7) at two ends；Open winding linker (6) upper end
Hole (13), and hole (13) closed by rubber stopper (14)；The annular groove (5) is by straightway and two ends arc section
Kidney-shaped structure is combined into, and the shape and the shape of annular groove (5) of winding linker (6) match.
2. a kind of winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The steel ruler (9)
Two ends are fixed on the hanger at skeleton two ends (15) by screw (10).
3. a kind of winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The skeleton (1)
Left and right sides has leader (3), and handle (3) inner face makes cambered surface.
4. a kind of winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The winding linker
(6) it is transparent glass tube.
5. a kind of winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The buckle (7) is
The annulus with opening that plastics are made, and annulus inner ring diameter matches with connecting tube diameter.
6. it is a kind of oblique using the winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer measurement structure thing as described in claim 1 to 5 any one
The method of degree, it is characterised in that：Mainly comprise the following steps：
(1) the measurement inclination angle of inclinometer is just being put in determination：Vertical any measurement plane (4) of above-mentioned inclinometer is abutted by geodesic structure
The surface of thing (16), after the intraluminal fluid face of winding linker (6) two is steady, mobile active cursor (11), when aiming pointer (12)
When with being overlapped close to the intraluminal fluid face of steel ruler (9) side, the reading of steel ruler (9) and the reading of active cursor (11) are read,
It is H that the two, which is added as inclination rear left pipe liquid level,2, and calculate this inclination angle theta1；
(2) the measurement inclination angle of inversion inclinometer is determined, above-mentioned same operation is carried out, calculates secondary inclination angle theta2；
(3) final measurement inclination angle theta is determined：Step (1) and step (2) measurement result difference are averaged to produce finally to measure and inclined
Angle is：
7. the method for use winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer measurement structure thing gradient according to claim 6, it is special
Levy and be：θ in the step (1)1Computing formula be：
θ in the step (2)2Computing formula：
In formula：H1For initial water level；H2For the left pipe water level of winding linker after inclination；R1For winding linker circular arc portion
Inside radius；R2For the outer radius of winding linker circular arc portion.
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| CN106767699A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-31 | 温州商学院 | Horizon rule with solid screw positioning device |
| CN111780783B (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-07-01 | 山西省河道与水库技术中心 | Multi-section flexible joint chain type bidirectional inclinometer calibration device and method |
| CN113203398A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-03 | 刘飞进 | High-precision dynamic inclination angle measuring method and measuring device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2319782Y (en) * | 1998-04-29 | 1999-05-19 | 张宏耀 | Multifunctional level gauge |
| CN1301952A (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2001-07-04 | 马一聪 | Liquid level theodolite |
| CN102384740A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-03-21 | 江苏兴邦建工集团有限公司 | Self-leveling direct-reading type static force leveling instrument |
| CN203190970U (en) * | 2013-03-30 | 2013-09-11 | 揣新 | Two-way measurement universal level |
| CN204612700U (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-09-02 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990012285A1 (en) * | 1989-04-12 | 1990-10-18 | Leopold Trujillo | Improved spirit-level inclinometer |
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2015
- 2015-04-20 CN CN201510187739.2A patent/CN104792308B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2319782Y (en) * | 1998-04-29 | 1999-05-19 | 张宏耀 | Multifunctional level gauge |
| CN1301952A (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2001-07-04 | 马一聪 | Liquid level theodolite |
| CN102384740A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-03-21 | 江苏兴邦建工集团有限公司 | Self-leveling direct-reading type static force leveling instrument |
| CN203190970U (en) * | 2013-03-30 | 2013-09-11 | 揣新 | Two-way measurement universal level |
| CN204612700U (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-09-02 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of winding connected vessels type dual-axis inclinometer |
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