CN104792237A - Tunnel blasting method - Google Patents
Tunnel blasting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104792237A CN104792237A CN201510193700.1A CN201510193700A CN104792237A CN 104792237 A CN104792237 A CN 104792237A CN 201510193700 A CN201510193700 A CN 201510193700A CN 104792237 A CN104792237 A CN 104792237A
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- snubber
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel blasting method. The method comprises the steps of arranging a circle of periphery holes at the positions, close to a tunnel excavation outline, on a tunnel blasting working surface, arranging a circle of secondary-circle holes at the positions, on the inner sides of the periphery holes, on the tunnel blasting working surface, arranging spallation holes at the positions, on the inner sides of the secondary-circle holes, on the tunnel blasting working surface, and arranging breaking-in holes at the positions, on the inner sides of the spallation holes, on the tunnel blasting working surface; filling explosives, wherein the periphery holes, the breaking-in holes, the spallation holes and the secondary-circle holes are filled with explosives; detonation, wherein the secondary-circle holes, the breaking-in holes, the spallation holes and the periphery holes are detonated in sequence, or the secondary-circle holes and the breaking-in holes are detonated firstly at the same time and then the spallation holes and the periphery holes are detonated in sequence. By the adoption of the method, tunnel surrounding rock can be effectively protected, the influence of blasting disturbance on the surrounding rock is reduced, crack formation on the tunnel surrounding rock is reduced, and the completeness of the tunnel surrounding rock can be well maintained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tunnel blasting technical field, be specifically related to a kind of tunnel blasting method.
Background technology
At present, excavation method most economical in rock tunnel excavation is blasting procedure, and along with the development in epoch, blasting method also constantly perfect, such as, has occurred photoface exploision and the presplit blasting of extensive use.But along with the continuous intensification of cutting depth, the geological condition run into is also complicated various, when adopting photoface exploision method to excavate in the rock tunnel of the mountain ridge, firing order (snubber before this routinely, be avalanche eye again, last periphery hole) carry out explosion while, Wall Rock of Tunnel is increasing by blast disturbance degree, destroy rock integrity, be easy to cause country rock unstable at the geological province that lithology is bad.When adopting presplit blasting, first presplitting periphery hole detonates, side by side stress have also been obtained release, but while periphery hole detonates and crustal stress discharges, due to the existence of primary stress field, Wall Rock of Tunnel can produce disadvantageous crack, reduces the integrality of Wall Rock of Tunnel, affects the stability of Blasting Excavation contoured surface quality and country rock.Thus in the urgent need to proposing a kind of tunnel blasting method that effectively can intercept effects of stress wave disturbance country rock.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of tunnel blasting method is provided.This tunnel blasting method effectively can protect Wall Rock of Tunnel, reduces the impact of country rock by blast disturbance, reduces the formation in crack in Wall Rock of Tunnel, be beneficial to the integrality keeping Wall Rock of Tunnel.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of tunnel blasting method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one, laying borehole: lay borehole: on tunnel blasting working face and near the position of tunnel excavation outline line, lay a circle periphery hole, a circle two circle eye is laid on tunnel blasting working face and in the inner side of described periphery hole, tunnel blasting working face lays avalanche eye in the inner sides of described two circle eyes, tunnel blasting working face lays snubber in the inner side of described avalanche eye;
Step 2, filling explosive: load explosive to described periphery hole, snubber, avalanche eye and two circle intraoculars;
Step 3, to detonate: detonate two circle eyes, snubber, avalanche eye and periphery hole successively; Or first detonate two circle eye and snubbers, then at avalanche eye and the periphery hole of detonating successively simultaneously.
A kind of above-mentioned tunnel blasting method, it is characterized in that: on described tunnel blasting working face and be positioned at snubber inner side lay reliever, in described reliever, load explosive, and after described snubber detonates, avalanche eye detonates to described reliever before detonating.
A kind of above-mentioned tunnel blasting method, is characterized in that: described reliever is the straight eye perpendicular with tunnel blasting working face.
A kind of above-mentioned tunnel blasting method, is characterized in that: described snubber is to the centroclinal strabismus of tunnel blasting working face.
A kind of above-mentioned tunnel blasting method, is characterized in that: the angle between described snubber and tunnel blasting working face is 75 ° ~ 85 °.
A kind of above-mentioned tunnel blasting method, is characterized in that: the explosive payload of described snubber and the explosive payload of described avalanche eye are all more than the explosive payload of described two circle eyes.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, the present invention is rationally novel in design, and demolition effect is good.
2, the present invention preferentially forms through crack between two circle eye eyes, achieves the obstruct inner borehole blast being produced to stress wave, protects the integrality of Wall Rock of Tunnel.
3, the present invention effectively to overcome in photoface exploision inner hole firing to the premature degradation of Wall Rock of Tunnel, may improve Wall Rock of Tunnel perimeter blasting effect simultaneously.
4, the present invention effectively overcomes the deficiency when High Ground Stress Areas application presplit blasting, reduces the disturbance to Wall Rock of Tunnel, reduces and form crack on Wall Rock of Tunnel.
5, snubber of the present invention and reliever can adopt the mode that strabismus and straight eye combine, and avoid oblique snubber and straight snubber shortcoming separately, when explosion, rock casting distance can be made little, quick-fried heap is concentrated.
6, the present invention is by two circle eye and the snubbers that detonate simultaneously, two circle eyes through crack between the eye formed instantaneously can effectively effectively intercept the Explosive stress wave that snubber explosion is transmitted, the blasting time of all boreholes can be shortened again simultaneously, avoid blasting time longly to cause gas accumulation risk.
7, of the present invention to realize cost low, and result of use is good, is convenient to promote the use of.
In sum, the present invention is rationally novel in design, based on tunnel photoface exploision, according to corresponding conditions design blasting parameter, select specific firing order, namely first detonate two circle eyes or two circle eye and the snubbers that first simultaneously detonate, and forms through crack between eye in advance in two circle eye positions, and can intercept Explosive stress wave that inner borehole (snubber, reliever, avalanche eye etc.) explosion transmits to the disturbance of Wall Rock of Tunnel due to the existence of this through crack.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the installation position schematic diagram of each borehole of the present invention at tunnel blasting working face.
Fig. 4 is the position relationship schematic diagram of snubber of the present invention and tunnel blasting working face.
Description of reference numerals:
1-periphery hole; 2-tunnel blasting working face; 3-Wall Rock of Tunnel;
4-snubber; 5-avalanche eye; 6-two circle eyes;
7-reliever; 8-tunnel excavation outline line.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of tunnel blasting method as shown in figures 1 and 3, comprises the following steps:
Step one, laying borehole: on tunnel blasting working face 2 and near the position of tunnel excavation outline line 8, lay a circle periphery hole 1, a circle two circle eye 6 is laid on tunnel blasting working face 2 and in the inner side of described periphery hole 1, tunnel blasting working face 2 lays avalanche eye 5 in the inner sides of described two circle eyes 6, tunnel blasting working face 2 lays snubber 4 in the inner side of described avalanche eye 5;
In the present embodiment, when laying borehole, adopt drill jumbo on tunnel blasting working face 2, lay periphery hole 1, snubber 4, avalanche eye 5 and two circle eyes 6.According to the spacing of photoface exploision method design periphery hole 1, avalanche eye 5 and snubber 4.The spacing of described two circle eyes 6 is with reference to periphery hole 1 or avalanche eye 5 and design according to photoface exploision method.In the present embodiment, the quantity of described snubber 4 and avalanche eye 5 is multiple, and multiple described snubber 4 forms a circle, and multiple described avalanche eye 5 forms a circle.
In the present embodiment, the reliever 7 that described borehole comprises periphery hole 1, snubber 4, avalanche eye 5 and two circle eyes 6 and is mentioned to below.
Step 2, filling explosive: in described periphery hole 1, snubber 4, avalanche eye 5 and two circle eyes 6, load explosive.
In the present embodiment, according to the explosive payload by photoface exploision method design periphery hole 1, avalanche eye 5 and snubber 4.In the present embodiment, the explosive payload of the explosive payload of described snubber 4, the explosive payload of described avalanche eye 5, the explosive payload of described periphery hole 1 and described reliever 7 is all more than the explosive payload of two circle eyes 6.
Step 3, to detonate: detonate two circle eyes 6, snubber 4, avalanche eye 5 and periphery hole 1 successively.
In the present embodiment, by the two circle eyes 6 that first detonate, between the eye produced after two circle eye 6 explosions, through crack can make Explosive stress wave effect be blocked, weaken the disturbance destruction of Explosive stress wave to Wall Rock of Tunnel 3, that is, between the eye produced after two circle eye 6 explosions through crack can make avalanche eye 5 and snubber 4 and mention below reliever 7 explosion time the Explosive stress wave that produces be blocked, reduce avalanche eye 5 and snubber 4 and the Explosive stress wave of reliever 7 mentioned destroys the disturbance of Wall Rock of Tunnel 3 below, and when periphery hole 1 explosion, due to the feature that Explosive stress wave can transmit to the weakness zone of destroyed, the disturbance destruction of Explosive stress wave to Wall Rock of Tunnel 3 of periphery hole 1 is also less.In sum, owing to being provided with two circle eyes 6, two circle eyes 6 through crack between the eye that blast produces afterwards can be made below effectively can to intercept the Explosive stress wave produced when avalanche eye 5 and snubber 4 and reliever 7 explosion mentioned, effectively reduce the disturbance of Explosive stress wave to Wall Rock of Tunnel 3, reduce the formation in crack on Wall Rock of Tunnel 3.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, on described tunnel blasting working face 2 and reliever 7 is laid, filling explosive described reliever 7 in the inner side being positioned at snubber 4, and after described snubber 4 detonates, avalanche eye 5 detonates to described reliever 7 before detonating.
In the present embodiment, by arranging reliever 7, can further play slotting effect to after snubber 4 explosion, making the more abundant of the Internal explosions of a circle snubber 4 on tunnel blasting working face 2.
In the present embodiment, described reliever 7 is the straight eye perpendicular with tunnel blasting working face 2.
As shown in Figure 4, described snubber 4 is to the centroclinal strabismus of tunnel blasting working face 2.In the present embodiment, the angle α between snubber 4 and tunnel blasting working face 2 is 75 ° ~ 85 °.
In the present embodiment, the mode that described snubber 4 and reliever 7 adopt strabismus and straight eye to combine, avoids oblique snubber and straight snubber shortcoming separately, when explosion, rock casting distance can be made little, and quick-fried heap is concentrated.Wherein, the angle α between described snubber 4 and tunnel blasting working face 2 is that the demolition effect of 75 ° ~ 85 ° of snubbers 4 is best.
In the present embodiment, the explosive payload of described two circle eyes 6 is less than the explosive payload of snubber 4, and the explosive payload of described two circle eyes 6 is less than the explosive payload of avalanche eye 5, as long as the explosive payload of described two circle eyes 6 can produce through crack between eye, its explosive payload can reduce relatively, and then has saved explosive consumption.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is the firing order of step 3, and in the present embodiment, the firing order of step 3 is: first detonate two circle eyes 6 and snubber 4 simultaneously, then at avalanche eye 5 and the periphery hole 1 of detonating successively.By two circle eyes 6 and the snubber 4 of detonating simultaneously, two circle eyes 6 through crack between the eye formed instantaneously can effectively effectively intercept the Explosive stress wave that snubber 4 explosion is transmitted, the blasting time of all boreholes can be shortened again simultaneously, avoid blasting time longly to cause gas accumulation risk.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every above embodiment is done according to the technology of the present invention essence any simple modification, change and equivalent structure transformation, all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a tunnel blasting method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step one, laying borehole: on tunnel blasting working face and near the position of tunnel excavation outline line, lay a circle periphery hole, a circle two circle eye is laid on tunnel blasting working face and in the inner side of described periphery hole, tunnel blasting working face lays avalanche eye in the inner sides of described two circle eyes, tunnel blasting working face lays snubber in the inner side of described avalanche eye;
Step 2, filling explosive: load explosive to described periphery hole, snubber, avalanche eye and two circle intraoculars;
Step 3, to detonate: detonate two circle eyes, snubber, avalanche eye and periphery hole successively; Or first detonate two circle eye and snubbers, then at avalanche eye and the periphery hole of detonating successively simultaneously.
2. a kind of tunnel blasting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: on described tunnel blasting working face and be positioned at snubber inner side lay reliever, in described reliever, load explosive, and after described snubber detonates, avalanche eye detonates to described reliever before detonating.
3. a kind of tunnel blasting method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described reliever is the straight eye perpendicular with tunnel blasting working face.
4. a kind of tunnel blasting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described snubber is to the centroclinal strabismus of tunnel blasting working face.
5. a kind of tunnel blasting method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the angle between described snubber and tunnel blasting working face is 75 ° ~ 85 °.
6. a kind of tunnel blasting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the explosive payload of described snubber and the explosive payload of described avalanche eye are all more than the explosive payload of described two circle eyes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510193700.1A CN104792237A (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | Tunnel blasting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510193700.1A CN104792237A (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | Tunnel blasting method |
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| CN104792237A true CN104792237A (en) | 2015-07-22 |
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| CN201510193700.1A Pending CN104792237A (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | Tunnel blasting method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105606000A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-05-25 | 德阳坚兵工程技术有限公司 | Partition control blasting method for tunnel rock drilling project |
| CN109870081A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-11 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | A kind of narrow-bore tunnel cut shot method for adding guiding shock relieve vent |
| CN110006302A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-12 | 淮北矿业股份有限公司 | A kind of asymmetric blasting method for removing milling coal hole sleeve |
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| CN102927867A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-13 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Vibration absorbing method for cut presplitting blasting |
| CN103175451A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-26 | 中国建筑土木建设有限公司 | Construction method for controlling blasting through tunnel damping hole |
| KR20130096943A (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2013-09-02 | 주식회사 한화 | The method of tunnel blasting using electronic detonator |
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2015
- 2015-04-22 CN CN201510193700.1A patent/CN104792237A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20130096943A (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2013-09-02 | 주식회사 한화 | The method of tunnel blasting using electronic detonator |
| CN102927867A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-13 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Vibration absorbing method for cut presplitting blasting |
| CN103175451A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-26 | 中国建筑土木建设有限公司 | Construction method for controlling blasting through tunnel damping hole |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105606000A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-05-25 | 德阳坚兵工程技术有限公司 | Partition control blasting method for tunnel rock drilling project |
| CN110006302A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-12 | 淮北矿业股份有限公司 | A kind of asymmetric blasting method for removing milling coal hole sleeve |
| CN109870081A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-11 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | A kind of narrow-bore tunnel cut shot method for adding guiding shock relieve vent |
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Application publication date: 20150722 |