CN104779835B - A kind of hybrid generator and electricity-generating method - Google Patents
A kind of hybrid generator and electricity-generating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104779835B CN104779835B CN201410016574.8A CN201410016574A CN104779835B CN 104779835 B CN104779835 B CN 104779835B CN 201410016574 A CN201410016574 A CN 201410016574A CN 104779835 B CN104779835 B CN 104779835B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of hybrid generator and electricity-generating method, generator includes common rotating shaft, electrostatic induction electrification component and triboelectricity component, the blade wheel of electrostatic induction electrification component in the presence of working fluid when rotating, two rotating disks of triboelectricity component are driven mutually to rotate, the friction that slides over each other of two the two of rotating disk frictional layers makes contact area change, two electrode layers of triboelectricity component are made to export electric signal, left after liquid of the surface with electrostatic charge and the blade contact of electrostatic induction electrification component, electric signal is produced between the electrode layer and ground potential of blade.Triboelectricity component, electric energy is converted into by the mechanical kinetic energy of current；Electrostatic induction electrification component collects the electrostatic energy in working fluid, and hybrid generator of the invention can simultaneously collect electrostatic energy and mechanical energy in working fluid, for the energy of the diversified forms in comprehensive utilization working fluid provides approach.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of generator, the energy of the diversified forms in working fluid is more particularly to converted into electric energy
Hybrid generator and electricity-generating method.
Background technology
Friction generator is a kind of new mode that mechanical energy is converted into electric energy of nearest invention, using receiving and losing electrons
, there is surface charge transfer, such as mechanical energy that will can be widely present, sea in the rubs mutually between two kinds of different materials of ability
Wave, wind energy, the kinetic energy of various moving objects and physical activity such as walking, the energy conversion of the form such as run, beat are electricity
Can, it is that miniaturized electronic devices such as portable equipment etc. provides power supply.But, many motions of nature, for example：Current, wave etc.,
Not only include mechanical kinetic energy, the also energy including other forms.For example, current not only have mechanical kinetic energy, meanwhile, water is in flowing
During medium with surrounding（Air etc.）Rub, produce triboelectric charge, make it have electrostatic energy.Existing friction hair
The energy of multi-form in current cannot be converted into electric energy by motor simultaneously.
The content of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of hybrid generator and electricity-generating method, with reference to electrostatic induction electrification component and triboelectricity group
Part, can be converted into electric energy simultaneously by the electrostatic energy and mechanical kinetic energy in working fluid.
To achieve the above object, this method provides a kind of hybrid generator, including：
Common rotating shaft；
Electrostatic induction electrification component, including：The blade being fixedly connected by multiple constitutes blade wheel, the table of each blade
Face is parallel with the common rotating shaft, and the blade includes basalis and electrode layer；The electrode layer of all blades is all connected with
To equipotential；The blade of blade wheel blade wheel in the impulsive force by working fluid revolves around the common rotating shaft
Turn, the blade is contacted with the liquid successively, electric signal is produced between the electrode layer and the equipotential of the blade；
Triboelectricity component, including：First rotating disk, group is stacked gradually by basalis, first electrode layer, the first frictional layer
Into；Second rotating disk, is stacked gradually and is constituted by the second basalis, the second electrode lay, the second frictional layer；First rotating disk and second
Rotating disk is staggered relatively to make first frictional layer be contacted with each other with the second frictional layer, and under the drive of the blade wheel, institute
It can be that axle is rotated with the common rotating shaft that the first rotating disk is stated relative to the second rotating disk, make first frictional layer with described the
Two frictional layers slide over each other when rubbing and changing contact area, have between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay
Electric signal output.
Preferably, the blade of the blade wheel also includes hydrophobic layer, and the hydrophobic layer is attached to the electrode layer of the blade
On.
Preferably, multiple blades of the blade wheel are uniformly distributed around the common rotating shaft.
Preferably, the common rotating shaft is fixed with the second rotating disk of the triboelectricity component, the triboelectricity group
First rotating disk of part is fixed with the blade wheel and rotated around the common rotating shaft；
Or,
The common rotating shaft is fixed with the first rotating disk of the triboelectricity component, and the first of the triboelectricity component
Rotating disk is fixed with the blade wheel and rotated around the common rotating shaft.
Preferably, first frictional layer is identical with the second frictional layer surface configuration or complementation.
Preferably, first rotating disk and the second rotating disk of the triboelectricity component are by multiple shape identical flabellum groups
Into, and the flabellum quantity of two rotating disks is equal.
Preferably, multiple flabellums of multiple flabellums of first rotating disk and the second rotating disk are respectively with the common rotating shaft
With the distribution that is centrosymmetric centered on the intersection point of rotating disk.
Preferably, the number of blade of the blade wheel is equal or unequal with the flabellum number of first rotating disk.
Preferably, the hydrophobic layer of the blade surface of blade wheel is made up of the film with superhydrophobic property.
Preferably, the contact angle of the hydrophobic layer is more than 120 °.
Preferably, the hydrophobic layer is that the structure that nanoscale is grown in the structure of surface micro-meter scale is formed.
Preferably, electrostatic charge is carried during the blade contact of the liquid of the flowing and the blade wheel, the blade is carried
Electrostatic charge be during liquid flowing with produced by the dielectric friction of surrounding.
Preferably, the liquid of the flowing be nature flowing water, sewer pipe in flow waste water, oil pipeline in flow
Dynamic oil, the seawater or the wave of tidal motion of big marine ocean current motion.
Preferably, the first frictional layer and the second frictional layer are made up of different materials, and there is friction electricity therebetween
Pole sequence difference.
Preferably, the hydrophobic layer of first frictional layer, the second frictional layer and/or blade is insulating materials, the insulation
Material is selected from following one or more material：Aniline-formaldehyde resin, polyformaldehyde, ethyl cellulose, polyamide nylon 11, polyamide
Nylon66 fiber, wool and its fabric, silk and its fabric, paper, polyethylene glycol succinate, cellulose, cellulose acetate, poly- second
Adipate, polydiallyl phthalate, regenerated cellulosic sponge, cotton and its fabric, polyurethane elastomer, benzene second
Alkene-acrylonitrile copolymer, SB, wood, hard rubber, acetate, staple fibre, polymethylacrylic acid
Methyl esters, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl alcohol contracting fourth
Aldehyde, hycar, neoprene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, poly- (vinylidene chloride-co- acrylonitrile), poly bis
It is phenol A carbonic esters, CPPG, polyvinylidene chloride, poly-（2,6- dimethyl polyphenylene oxides）, it is polystyrene, polyethylene, poly-
Propylene, poly- diphenyl propane carbonic ester, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxanes
Alkane, polytrifluorochloroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Parylene.
Preferably, the electrode layer material of the first electrode layer, the second electrode lay and/or blade wheel using metal, alloy,
Conductive oxide or organic matter conductor.
Preferably, first frictional layer and the second frictional layer can be contacted with each other in rotation process surface all or
Part has nanostructured or micrometer structure；The nanostructured and micrometer structure are selected from nano wire, nanometer rods, nanotube, receive
Rice cone, nano particle, nanometer channel, micro wire, micron bar, micron tube, micron cone, micron particles and micron trenches.
Preferably, first frictional layer and/or second friction layer surface by chemical modification, wherein, friction electrode
Sequence is relative for positive material surface introduces the functional group for being more easy to betatopic, or relative in friction electrode sequence is negative material surface
Introduce the functional group of the electronics that is more easy to get；Or, it is that positive material surface introduces positive charge in polarity, it is negative material list in polarity
Face introduces negative electrical charge.
Preferably, the equipotential is ground potential or equipotential source circuit.
Preferably, the electric signal of the electrostatic induction electrification component and the triboelectricity component is laggard respectively through rectification
Row is connected in parallel.
Preferably, the diameter range of the rotating disk and blade wheel is 10-1000mm；
And/or,
The thickness range of the basalis of first basalis, the second basalis and blade is 0.1-10mm.
Preferably, the thickness range of the hydrophobic layer is 10nm-5mm.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of electricity-generating method, using the hybrid generator described in any of the above-described, including
Step：
Electrostatic induction described in the hydraulic shock of flowing sends out the blade of component, makes the blade wheel around the common rotating shaft
Rotate；The blade wheel drives the first rotating disk of the triboelectricity component to be rotated relative to the second rotating disk；
Hydraulic shock blade and blade is left, between the electrode layer and equipotential of the blade of electrostatic induction generator assembly
Produce the electric signal of alternation；First frictional layer and the second frictional layer slide over each other friction in the first electrode layer and second electrode
Alternate electrical signal is produced between layer.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
Generator of the invention is made up of two sets of independent electrification components, and blade wheel composition electrostatic induction electrification component is collected
Electrostatic energy in working fluid；Two rotating disks constitute rotating disc type triboelectricity component, collect the mechanical kinetic energy in working fluid.Leaf
Piece wheel drives a rotating disk to rotate therewith under the impact of working fluid.By electrostatic induction electrification component and triboelectricity group
The mixed power generation function of part composition collects electrostatic energy and mechanical kinetic energy in working fluid simultaneously.
The blade wheel of electrostatic induction electrification component is made up of multiple blades, and two rotating disks of triboelectricity component have many fans
Impeller structure.By changing the quantity of blade and the quantity of flabellum, can be with the output frequency of regulating generator.
The hybrid generator that the present invention is provided can be used to collect the energy in the current in daily life, for example：Family
With the running water flowed out in tap, with wide use environment.Can be driven with the others mode such as wind energy, human motion
The rotation of dynamic blade wheel and rotating disk, makes rotating disc type friction generator produce electricity to export, with extensive practical use.
Can carry out micro-, applied field or carry out surface chemistry in the rotating disk of triboelectricity component friction layer surface
It is modified, improve the electricity output characteristics of generator.
The ac signal that electrostatic induction electrification component or triboelectricity component can be exported is combined with full-bridge rectifier
It is changed into unidirectional pulse signal, acts not only as the pulse power and directly apply to the fields such as electrochemistry, can also is capacitor
Or lithium ion battery charges, or various small-sized portable electronic devices provide required high frequency electric source.
Parallel connection is carried out after the electric signal that electrostatic induction electrification component and triboelectricity component are exported is carried out into rectification respectively, can
To improve the output current of generator.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Brief description of the drawings
By the way that shown in accompanying drawing, above and other purpose of the invention, feature and advantage will become apparent from.In whole accompanying drawings
Identical reference indicates identical part.Deliberately accompanying drawing is not drawn by actual size equal proportion scaling, it is preferred that emphasis is show
Go out purport of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the forward sight structural representation of hybrid generator one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view structural representation of hybrid generator one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is generator forward sight structural representation of the frictional layer using conductive material；
Fig. 4 is generator top view structural representation of the frictional layer using conductive material；
In Fig. 5（a）-（d）It is the operation principle schematic diagram of the electrostatic induction electrification component being made up of blade wheel；
In Fig. 6（a）-（d）It is the operation principle schematic diagram of the triboelectricity component being made up of rotating disk；
Fig. 7 is the SEM figures and contact angle test chart of the nanostructured of hydrophobic layer and friction layer surface；
In Fig. 8（a）With（b）It is the open circuit voltage curve of hybrid generator；
In Fig. 9（a）With（b）It is the short circuit current curve of hybrid generator；
In Figure 10（a）With（b）For the open-circuit voltage of hybrid generator, short circuit current with water-carrying capacity change curve.
Specific embodiment
Implement the accompanying drawing in example below in conjunction with the present invention, implementing the technical scheme in example to the present invention is carried out clearly
Chu, it is fully described by.Obviously, described implementation example is only that a part of the invention implements example, rather than whole implementation
Example.Based on the implementation example in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
The every other implementation example for obtaining, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to schematic diagram, when the detailed description present invention implements example, for purposes of illustration only,
The schematic diagram is example, should not limit the scope of protection of the invention.
Mixed film friction generator and electricity-generating method of the present invention based on a kind of waterwheel structure, can be by the electrostatic energy in current
Electric energy is converted into mechanical kinetic energy simultaneously.
The concrete structure of waterwheel structure mixed film friction generator of the present invention is discussed in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of front view of typical structure of hybrid generator, and Fig. 2 is the top view corresponding to it, including：It is public
Corotation rotating shaft 401, electrostatic induction electrification component and triboelectricity component.Wherein, triboelectricity component includes：First rotating disk, by
First basalis 101, the frictional layer 103 of first electrode layer 102 and first stack gradually composition；Second rotating disk, by the second basalis
201st, the frictional layer 203 of the second electrode lay 202 and second stacks gradually composition；First rotating disk and the second rotating disk is staggered relatively makes first
The frictional layer 203 of frictional layer 103 and second contacts with each other.Electrostatic induction electrification component, including：The blade structure being fixedly connected by multiple
Into blade wheel, the surface of each blade is parallel with common rotating shaft 401, and each blade includes the basalis 301 and blade of blade
Electrode layer 302.The vaned electrode layer 302 of institute is connected to equipotential（Not shown in figure）；The blade of blade wheel is being subject to
Blade wheel rotates around common rotating shaft 401 during the impulsive force of working fluid, blade is contacted with liquid successively, in the electricity of blade
Electric signal is produced between pole layer 302 and equipotential.Meanwhile, under the drive of blade wheel, the first rotating disk is relative to the second rotating disk energy
Enough is axle rotation with common rotating shaft 401, the first frictional layer 103 is slided over each other with the second frictional layer 203 and rubs and make to connect
When touching area change, there is electric signal output between first electrode layer 102 and the second electrode lay 202.
Preferably, the first rotating disk and the second rotating disk are of the same size and shape, and two rotating disks are all by 4 flabellum groups
Into, and 4 flabellums are axial symmetry distribution with common rotating shaft 401.Common rotating shaft 401 passes through the first rotating disk, the second rotating disk
With the center of blade wheel.
In hybrid generator of the invention, common rotating shaft 401 can be fixed with the second rotating disk of triboelectricity component,
Basalis particularly with the second rotating disk is fixed；First rotating disk of triboelectricity component is fixed and around public rotation with blade wheel
Rotating shaft 401 is rotated.Common rotating shaft 401 can also be fixed with the first rotating disk of triboelectricity component, particularly with the first rotating disk
Basalis fix；First rotating disk of triboelectricity component is fixed with blade wheel and rotated around common rotating shaft 401.Flowing
Liquid such as flow action on blade, drive blade wheel and the second rotating disk（Or first rotating disk）Rotation；Another rotating disk
It is fixed in rotary shaft 401, transfixion.
The electrode layer 302 of blade wheel is electrically connected to form electrical return with equipotential, constitutes electrostatic induction electrification component, this hair
The equipotential being related in bright can be ground potential or equipotential source circuit.When the water impact with electrostatic charge is on blade
When, electric current is produced in the presence of electrostatic induction；When current leave blade, electric current in opposite direction is produced.First rotating disk and
The relative rotation of the second rotating disk constitutes Horizontal rotation type friction generator.The electricity of the rotating disk of electrode layer 102 and second of the first rotating disk
Electrical return is formed between pole layer 202, when the second rotating disk rotates with respect to the first rotating disk, two frictional layers of rotating disk（103
With 203）On be respectively provided with opposite polarity triboelectric charge, when positive and negative triboelectric charge periodically close to and separate when, at two
The electrode layer of rotating disk（102 and 202）Between produce alternating potential and alternating current.
Preferably, slide over each other friction the first frictional layer is identical with the second frictional layer surface configuration or complementation.With
Ensure in two frictional layers slide over each other friction process the maximum situation of contact area can occur.Preferably, triboelectricity
First rotating disk and the second rotating disk of component are constituted by multiple shape identical flabellums, and the flabellum quantity of two rotating disks is equal.
It is furthermore preferred that multiple flabellums of multiple flabellums of the first rotating disk and the second rotating disk are respectively with the friendship of common rotating shaft 401 and rotating disk
It is centrosymmetric distribution centered on point, is centrosymmetric distribution referring to 4 flabellums of the first rotating disk in Fig. 1 or the second rotating disk.
The triboelectricity thermomechanical components of hybrid generator of the invention make use of the frictional layer with differentiated friction electrode sequence
There is the principle of surface charge transfer during material." friction electrode sequence " described here, refers to electric charge according to material
The sequence that attraction degree is carried out, in the moment for contacting with each other, positive charge is from friction electrode sequence on the contact surface for two kinds of materials
The more negative material surface of middle polarity is transferred to the material surface of polarity calibration in friction electrode sequence.So far, also without one kind
The mechanism of unified theoretical explanation electric charge transfer that can be complete, it is considered that, the surface work content of this electric charge transfer and material
Number is related, and electric charge transfer is realized by the transfer on the contact surface of electronics or ion.It should be noted that friction electrode sequence
A kind of simply statistics based on experience, i.e., two kinds materials differ more remote in the sequence, and produced electric charge is being just after contact
The probability that negativity and the sequence are consistent is bigger, and the result of reality is affected by various factors, such as material surface
Roughness, ambient humidity and whether there is Relative friction etc..If the inventors discovered that two kinds of materials are in the electrode sequence that rubs
The position being closer to, the positive negativity of distribution of charges and may not meet the prediction of the sequence after contact.Needs are further illustrated is,
The transfer of electric charge does not simultaneously need Relative friction between two kinds of materials, simply by the presence of contacting with each other, therefore, from stricti jurise
On say, the statement of the electrode sequence that rubs is inaccurate, but is used till today always due to historical reasons.
Heretofore described " triboelectric charge " or " contact electric charge ", refers to be had differences in two kinds of friction electrode sequence polarity
Material in the electric charge for contacting and its surface is carried after separating, it is considered that, the electric charge is only distributed in the surface of material, distribution
Depth capacity is about 10 nanometers.Research finds that the electric charge can keep longer time, according to factors such as humidity in environment, its
Retention time is even up to a couple of days in a few hours, and its quantity of electric charge for disappearing can be supplemented by contacting again, therefore,
Inventors believe that, the electricity of contact electric charge can be approximately considered and keep constant in the present invention.It should be noted that contact electricity
The symbol of lotus is the symbol of net charge, i.e., there may be negative electrical charge in some areas of the material surface with positive contact electric charge
Aggregation zone, but the symbol of whole surface net charge is just.
In triboelectricity component in generator, the second friction of first frictional layer 103 and the second rotating disk of the first rotating disk
Layer 203 needs to meet：The table of the surfacing of the first frictional layer 103 of the first rotating disk and the second frictional layer 203 of the second rotating disk
There is friction electrode sequence difference in facestock material.Certainly, the second frictional layer of the first frictional layer of the first rotating disk and the second rotating disk can be with
Generally single structure, as long as disclosure satisfy that the material on the surface that can be contacted with each other has friction electrode sequence difference.
Insulating material, such as conventional high molecular polymer all has triboelectric characteristics, can be as preparing this hair
The material of the frictional layer 103 of bright first rotating disk, the frictional layer 203 of the second rotating disk, enumerates some conventional high molecular polymerizations herein
Thing material：Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), dimethyl silicone polymer, Kapton, aniline-formaldehyde resin film, polyformaldehyde film, second
Base cellophane, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde film, polyethylene glycol succinate film, cellophane, fiber
Plain acetate films, polyethylene glycol adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, regenerated fiber sponge films,
It is elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, staple fibre film, poly-
Methyl film, methacrylic acid ester film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyester film, polyisobutene film, polyurethane flexible sponge are thin
Film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, phenolic resin film, neoprene film, fourth two
Alkene propylene copolymer film, natural rubber films, polyacrylonitrile film, poly- (vinylidene chloride-co- acrylonitrile) film or polyethylene
Third diphenol carbonate thin film, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, makrolon or polymeric liquid crystal copolymer, polychlorostyrene fourth
Diene, polyacrylonitrile, poly bis phenol carbonate, CPPG, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride.
Semiconductor and metal can also replace above-mentioned insulating material as the frictional layer 103 or the second for preparing the first rotating disk
The raw material of the frictional layer 203 of rotating disk.Conventional semiconductor includes：Silicon, germanium；IIIth and the Vth compounds of group, such as GaAs, phosphorus
Change gallium etc.；IIth and the VIth compounds of group, such as cadmium sulfide, zinc sulphide etc.；And by III-V compounds of group and II-VI race
The solid solution of compound composition, such as gallium aluminum arsenide, gallium arsenic phosphide etc., therefore the semi-conducting material being listed below can be used as in the present invention
The first rotating disk frictional layer or the second rotating disk frictional layer material：SnO2、ZnO、TiO2、In2O3、ZnS、ZnSe、
ZnTe、GaN、Se、CdS、CdSe、CdTe、Si、Ge、PbS、InGaAs、PbSe、InSb、PbTe、HgCdTe、PbSn、HgS、
HgSe, HgTe etc..In addition to above-mentioned Crystalline Semiconductors, also amorphous glass semiconductor, organic semiconductor etc..Non-conductive oxygen
Compound, conductor oxidate and complex oxide also have triboelectric characteristics, can form surface charge in friction process, therefore
May also be used for as frictional layer of the invention, such as oxide of manganese, chromium, iron, copper, also including silica, manganese oxide, oxidation
Chromium, iron oxide, cupric oxide, zinc oxide, BiO2And Y2O3；Conventional metal includes gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium,
And the alloy formed by above-mentioned metal.It is, of course, also possible to using other there is the material of conductive characteristic to serve as easily loses electricity
The friction layer material of son, such as indium tin oxide ITO.
As space is limited the reason for, exhaustion can not be carried out to all possible material, only list herein and several specifically may be used
The material of the second frictional layer of the first frictional layer and the second rotating disk as the first rotating disk for reference, but it is clear that these are specific
Material can not turn into the scope of the present invention restrictive factor because invention enlightenment under, those skilled in the art
The triboelectric characteristics that member has according to these materials are easy to select other similar materials.
Be found through experiments that, when the surface of the first frictional layer 103 and the surfacing of the second frictional layer 203 electronic capability phase
Difference is bigger（Position difference i.e. in the electrode sequence that rubs is more remote）When, the electric signal of the electrode layer output of triboelectricity component is got over
By force.So, according to actual needs suitable material can be selected to prepare the first frictional layer 103 and the second frictional layer 203, with
Obtain more preferable output effect.The preferred polystyrene of material, polyethylene, polypropylene, poly- two with negative pole frottage electrode sequence
Phenyl-propane carbonic ester, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, dimethyl silicone polymer, poly- trifluoro chlorine
Ethene and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Parylene, including Parylene C, Parylene N, Parylene D, Parylene HT or Parylene AF4；Have
The preferred aniline-formaldehyde resin of friction electrode sequence material of positive polarity, polyformaldehyde, ethyl cellulose, polyamide nylon 11, polyamide
Nylon66 fiber, wool and its fabric, silk and its fabric, paper, polyethylene glycol succinate, cellulose, cellulose acetate, poly- second
Adipate, polydiallyl phthalate, regenerated cellulosic sponge, cotton and its fabric, polyurethane elastomer, benzene second
Alkene-acrylonitrile copolymer, SB, wood, hard rubber, acetate, staple fibre, polymethylacrylic acid
Methyl esters, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, copper, aluminium, gold, silver and steel.
When first frictional layer 103 or the second frictional layer 203 are using conductive material, corresponding first electrode layer 102 or the second
Electrode layer 202 can be omitted, and electrode layer is directly served as by conductive friction layer material, can further simplify the knot of generator
Structure.
In generator of the invention, the surface of the first frictional layer 103 and/or the second frictional layer 203 can also rotated
During the surface that can contact with each other carry out physical modification, make its part or all of surface that there is micron or sub-micrometer scale
Micro-structural or nano material are interspersed or coating, to strengthen the contact surface between the first frictional layer 103 and the second frictional layer 203
Product.The micro-structural can selected from nano wire, nanotube, nano particle, nanometer channel, micron trenches, nanocone, micron cone,
Nanosphere and micron chondritic.Preferably include on the surface of the surface of the first frictional layer 103, the second frictional layer 203 above-mentioned
The array that one or several structures are formed in micro-, nanostructured.
Furthermore it is also possible to chemical modification is carried out on the surface on the surface of the first frictional layer 103 and/or the second frictional layer 203,
Transfer amount of the electric charge in Contact can be further improved, so as to improve the power output of contact charge density and generator.
Chemical modification is divided into the following two kinds type again：
A kind of method is the first frictional layer and the second frictional layer for phase mutual friction, and relative in friction electrode sequence is positive
Material surface introduces the functional group for being more easy to betatopic（I.e. strong electron group）, or relative in friction electrode sequence is negative material list
Face introduces the functional group of the electronics that is more easy to get（Strong electrophilic group）, can further improve transfer of the electric charge when contacting with each other
Amount, so as to improve the power output of triboelectric charge density and generator.Strong electron group includes：Amino, hydroxyl, alkoxy etc.；
Strong electrophilic group includes：Acyl group, carboxyl, nitro, sulfonic group etc..The introducing of functional group can be modified etc. with using plasma surface
Conventional method.The gaseous mixture of oxygen and nitrogen can be for example set to produce plasma under certain power, so as in frictional layer material
Material surface introduces amino.
Another method is the first frictional layer and the second frictional layer for phase mutual friction, is positive material list in polarity
Face introduces positive charge, and is that negative material surface introduces negative electrical charge in polarity.Can specifically be realized by way of chemical bonding.
For example, tetraethyl orthosilicate can be modified using the method for sol-gel in polydimethylsiloxane friction layer surface
（TEOS）, and make its negatively charged.Bond modification upper surface that can also be using gold-sulphur in metallic gold film layer contains cetyl
Trimethylammonium bromide（CTAB）Golden nanometer particle, because cetyl trimethylammonium bromide is cation, therefore can make entirely to rub
Wipe layer and become positively charged.Those skilled in the art can be according to frictional layer or the receiving and losing electrons property and table of electrode layer material
The species of face chemical bond, selects suitable decorative material bonded thereto, and to reach the purpose of the present invention, therefore such deformation is all
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Preferably, the first frictional layer 103 and the second frictional layer 203 selection elastomeric material or flexible material, can increase and receive
Contact area when being acted on to external force.Equally, the electrode layer 102 of the first rotating disk, the electrode layer 202 of the second rotating disk, the first rotating disk
The rotating disk of basalis 101 or second basalis 201 can also be elastomeric material or flexible material, make it is of the invention friction hair
Electrical component turns into a flexible device.
Although in the electric generator structure shown in accompanying drawing, the first frictional layer 103 and the second frictional layer 203 are in rotation process
The surface for contacting with each other is plane, and the surface of the first frictional layer 103 is mutual in rotation process with the second frictional layer 203 in practice
The surface being in contact can be the relief structured surface of curved surface or out-of-flatness, it is preferred that the surface of the first frictional layer 103 and the
The surface configuration that two frictional layers 203 are contacted with each other in rotation process is identical or complementation so that when there is external force to apply, first rubs
The surface of layer 103 is wiped to be completely attached to the surface of the second frictional layer 203.
Preferably, hydrophobic layer 303 is also included on the blade of blade wheel, hydrophobic layer 302 is attached to the electrode layer 302 of blade
On.The hydrophobic layer 303 of blade is needed with good super-hydrophobicity, it is preferred that the contact angle on the surface of hydrophobic layer 302 is more than
120°.Super-hydrophobicity is determined by two aspects.On the one hand it is the material of hydrophobic layer 303, the polymer with non-polar character, example
Such as：Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), dimethyl silicone polymer generally has contact angle higher.On the other hand it is the surface knot of hydrophobic layer 303
Structure, has more excellent super-hydrophobicity with micro-, nanometer cooperative structure surface, i.e., grown in the structure of surface micro-meter scale
There is the structure of nanoscale.In actual application, in order to obtain good super-hydrophobicity, it is necessary to selection and surface from material
The aspect of micro-, nanostructured two set about jointly.
The material of the electrode layer 302 of the electrode layer 102 of the first rotating disk, the electrode layer 202 of the second rotating disk and blade can be selected
Select conventional electrode material, such as metal, alloy, conductive oxide or organic matter conductor etc., wherein, metal be selected from gold, silver,
Platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium etc.；Alloy is selected from alloy, the stainless steel that gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium are formed
Deng.The selection of specific electrode material is not as the factor for limiting the scope of the present invention.In practice, those skilled in the art can
With the selection according to each frictional layer, hydrophobic layer material, the selection of respective electrode layer material and preparation method, specific electrode are determined
The selection of layer material is not as the condition for limiting the scope of the present invention.Electrode layer is with frictional layer, hydrophobic layer can be using direct
The mode being superimposed together is combined, it would however also be possible to employ the various ways such as conductive glue are combined.
In the present invention, the first basalis 101 of the first rotating disk, the basalis of the second basalis 201, blade of the second rotating disk
301 primarily serve support, fixed and connection function to generator with rotary shaft 401, therefore, the selection of its material is wanted without special
Ask, can be conductor, insulator or semiconductor, such as aluminium sheet or silicon chip.Preferably insulating materials, can be selected from glass, organic
The insulating materials such as glass, polyethylene board or polyvinyl chloride.First basalis of the first rotating disk and the second substrate of the second rotating disk
Layer can also be able to be rigid substrate, such as rubber or glass plate for flexible base board.The first electrode layer of the first rotating disk and first
Between first basalis of rotating disk, between the second electrode lay of the second rotating disk and the second basalis of the second rotating disk, and blade
Electrode layer and the basalis of blade between fixation can be using fixed forms such as conventional stickups.
First frictional layer of the first rotating disk or the second frictional layer of the second rotating disk can be prepared using conductive material, so may be used
To play a part of electrode layer and frictional layer simultaneously, simplify the structure and preparation technology of generator.Fig. 3 is second turn of generator
Second frictional layer of disk uses the forward sight structural representation of conductive material, and Fig. 4 is the top view structural representation corresponding to it.As schemed
Shown, the second frictional layer 212 of the second rotating disk is directly connected with the second basalis 211；Second frictional layer 212 of the second rotating disk with
First frictional layer 103 of the first rotating disk is staggered relatively and is in close contact.Second frictional layer 212 plays first with the first rotating disk
The phase mutual friction of frictional layer 103 produces the effect of triboelectric charge, while the second frictional layer 212 is connected to form with first electrode layer 102
Electrical return.The second frictional layer for being described above the second rotating disk is adopted using the first frictional layer of conductive material, the first rotating disk
With the electric generator structure of non-conducting material, for the first rotating disk the first frictional layer using conductive material, the second rotating disk second
Frictional layer is similar using the electric generator structure of non-conducting material, no longer repeats here.In this implementation example, except the first frictional layer
Or second frictional layer need to use outside conductive material, the selection of the material of triboelectricity component each several part and the operation of electrification component
Mode and principle are identical with Fig. 1 and embodiment illustrated in fig. 2, no longer repeat herein.
In example more than, the quantity of blade wheel Leaf is four, the quantity of the first rotating disk and the second rotating disk flabellum
It is four.In actual application, the quantity of the two can be more than four, at the same the quantity of the two can with it is equal can not also
Deng.Hybrid generator of the invention under same rotating speed, with the increase of blade wheel blade quantity and rotating disk flabellum quantity,
Output frequency increases.Specific quantity can according to actual needs, processing conditions etc. determines.
The fixation of the rotating disk of common rotating shaft 401 and first or the second rotating disk, can be by stickup or mode connects for screw etc.
Method is fixed, if the electrode layer directly contact of common rotating shaft 401 and rotating disk, the material selection insulation material of common rotating shaft
Material.The connection and fixation of blade wheel and the first rotating disk or the second rotating disk can also be used directly pastes, or attached by other
The mode that part is fixed is attached and fixes.Specific fixed form not as generator of the present invention limiting factor (s), this area
Technical staff suitable fixing means can be selected according to practical application condition.
Below by taking the structure of the hybrid generator shown in Fig. 3 as an example, the work for introducing hybrid generator of the invention is former
Reason.In Fig. 5（a）-（d）The operation principle schematic diagram of the electrostatic induction electrification component being made up of blade wheel.Contacted in current 501
To before blade, due to water during flowing with the medium of surrounding（For example：Water pipe, air etc.）Rub, generate
In triboelectric charge, such as Fig. 5（a）It is shown.The polarity of entrained triboelectric charge is determined by the frictional series of surrounding medium in water, can
To be positive, may also be negative.As in Fig. 5（a）It is shown, it is assumed here that entrained triboelectric charge is positive charge in current.It is logical
The relative position of adjustment water export and generator is crossed, current 501 can be made to fall on a surface for the hydrophobic layer of blade 303,
And this blade hydrophobic layer 303 surface formed one layer of positively charged moisture film, by this leaf marking be blade 1., such as
In Fig. 5（b）It is shown.Under the induction of the positive charge in moisture film, generated between blade electrode layer 302 1. and ground potential positive
Electrical potential difference, drives electronics to be flowed between blade electrode layer 302 1. and the earth, positive current is produced, until electrical potential difference vanishing.
Under the impact of current 501, blade wheel rotates, and current is fallen on the surface of the hydrophobic layer of another adjacent blade, will
This adjacent leaf marking be blade 2., such as in Fig. 5（c）It is shown.In Fig. 5（b）Described situation is similar, in this blade
The surface of 02 hydrophobic layer 303 also form one layer of moisture film of positively charged, make to be produced between blade electrode layer 302 2. and ground potential
The positive electrical potential difference of life and a positive electric current, until in electrical potential difference vanishing, such as Fig. 5（c）It is shown.Under blade stop 2.,
Current 501 can not be further continued for 1. being gone up in blade, therefore, in centrifugal force and the hydrophobic common work of blade surface super-hydrophobic layer
Under, the moisture film of the positively charged on the blade surface of hydrophobic layer 303 1. departs from from surface, in such as Fig. 5（d）It is shown.With moisture film
Depart from, negative electrical potential difference is formed between blade electrode layer 302 1. and ground potential, negative current is produced, until electrical potential difference is changed into
Zero, in such as Fig. 5（d）It is shown.In the rotation process of ensuing blade wheel, current 501 will fall in different blades successively
On hydrophobic layer 303, and from previous blade hydrophobic layer 303 on depart from, the shape between the electrode layer 302 and ground potential of blade
Into positive and negative alternate periodic current.
Its power generation process is can be seen that from the electricity generating principle of above-mentioned electrostatic induction electrification component produce impact with to blade wheel
The species of the liquid of power is unrelated, if the liquid contacted with blade wheel carries electrostatic charge, therefore, generator of the invention can
To apply in terms of the collection of energy of plurality of liquid, except the water of flowing naturally, can be applied in what is flowed in sewer pipe
The working fluids such as the oil, big marine seawater, the wave of tidal motion of ocean current motion that are flowed in waste water, oil pipeline.
In Fig. 6（a）-（d）The operation principle schematic diagram of the rotating disc type triboelectricity component being made up of two rotating disks.Second
Rotating disk is fixed together with blade wheel, can be rotated around common rotating shaft under the impact of current, the first rotating disk and second turn
The shape of disk is identical, in the second rotating disk, using the material of electric conductivity as frictional layer, make itself and meanwhile play the second frictional layer and
The effect of the second electrode lay, the lower surface of the second electrode lay 211 is directly fitted in by the second conductive frictional layer 211.First rotating disk
The rotating disk of electrode layer 102 and second the second frictional layer 212 between form electrical return.The impact of current drives blade rotation
Dynamic, blade wheel drives the second rotating disk to rotate, and the first rotating disk and the second rotating disk is relatively rotated.When the first rotating disk first rubs
When the second frictional layer 212 for wiping the rotating disk of layer 103 and second is completely attached to, in two frictional layers（103 and 212）Surface produce pole
The opposite triboelectric charge of property.The polarity of triboelectric charge is determined by the triboelectric series of two frictional layers, in this, it is assumed that the first friction
103 surface of layer have negative triboelectric charge, and the surface of the second frictional layer 212 has positive triboelectric charge, in such as Fig. 6（a）It is shown.This
When, two frictional layers（103 and 212）On triboelectric charge quantity it is equal, position overlaps, therefore, in first electrode layer 102 and the
Two electrode layers 212（That is the second frictional layer）Between without produce electrical potential difference.With two relative rotations of rotating disk, two rotating disk portions
Point separate, produce positive electrical potential difference between the second electrode lay 212 and first electrode layer 102, drive electronics two electrode layers it
Between flow, produce positive current, in such as Fig. 6（b）It is shown.When two rotating disks are completely separable（In Fig. 6（c））, the first rotating disk and
Net charge on two rotating disks is approximately zero.As two continuation of rotating disk are relatively rotated, two frictional layers of rotating disk（103 Hes
212）Part contact, produces negative electrical potential difference between the second electrode lay 212 and first electrode layer 102, drive electronics in two electricity
Flowed between the layer of pole, negative current is produced, in such as Fig. 6（c）It is shown.When two frictional layers of rotating disk（103 and 212）Connect completely again
When touching, the induced charge in first electrode layer 102 is transferred completely into the second electrode lay 212, in such as Fig. 6（d）It is shown.This is arrived, is turned
Disk-type friction electrification component completes a generating cycle.As two continuation of rotating disk are relatively rotated, start next generating
Cycle, and continuously export positive and negative alternate periodic current.
The size of generator of the present invention determines that mechanical kinetic energy is got over according to the size of the mechanical kinetic energies such as current in practical application
Greatly, the size of generator is bigger.In the present invention, a diameter of 10-1000mm of rotating disk and blade wheel, preferably 20-500mm,
More preferably 50-300mm.The basalis 301 of the first basalis 101 of the invention, the second basalis 201 and blade mainly rises to be fixed
And supporting role, to its thickness without particular/special requirement.The thickness of the hydrophobic layer 301 of blade is on the output characteristics of generator without influence.
In actual use, the thickness of each basalis and hydrophobic layer can be selected according to the size of generator.Usually, generator is got over
Greatly, the thickness of basalis is bigger, to play more firm supporting role.In the present invention, the thickness range of each basalis is
0.1-10mm, preferably 0.2-5mm, more preferably 0.5-2mm.
The electrode layer 302 of first electrode layer of the invention 102, the second electrode lay 202 and blade primarily serves electric action,
Its thickness is not specially required, in the present invention, the thickness of each electrode layer is 10nm-1mm, preferably 50nm-50 μm, more excellent
Elect 100nm-10 μm as.
The thickness of the hydrophobic layer 303 of the frictional layer 103 of the first rotating disk of the invention, the frictional layer 203 of the second rotating disk and blade
Degree has no special requirements, and the present invention preferably frictional layer and hydrophobic layer is film, and thickness is 10nm-5mm, and preferably 10nm-1mm is more excellent
Select 100nm-500 μm.
Electric generator structure of the invention is simple, and preparation method is simple, to material without particular/special requirement, in actual use, only
Need to simply be fixed and be encapsulated, you can applied in flow energy is collected in collecting wave, life, largely exist in addition
The mechanical energy of the generations such as the motion of wind energy, machinery and human body, it is also possible to which driving blade wheel belt dynamic friction electrification component is generated electricity,
With extensive practical use.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of mixed power generation method, using hybrid generator described above, including step
Suddenly：
Electrostatic induction described in the hydraulic shock of flowing sends out the blade of component, makes the blade wheel around the common rotating shaft
Rotate；The blade wheel drives the first rotating disk of the triboelectricity component to be rotated relative to the second rotating disk；
Hydraulic shock blade and blade is left, between the electrode layer and equipotential of the blade of electrostatic induction generator assembly
Produce the electric signal of alternation；First frictional layer and the second frictional layer slide over each other friction in the first electrode layer and second electrode
Alternate electrical signal is produced between layer.
The electrode layer and equipotential of blade wheel（Ground potential）Between form electrical return, constitute electrostatic induction electrification component,
When the water impact with electrostatic charge is on blade, electric current is produced in the presence of electrostatic induction；When current leave blade,
Produce electric current in opposite direction.
The relative rotation of the first rotating disk and the second rotating disk constitutes Horizontal rotation type triboelectricity component.Current are to blade wheel
Impact, drives the second rotating disk to be rotated with respect to the first rotating disk.The positive and negative triboelectric charge week carried on two rotating disk frictional layers
Phase property ground is close and separates, and alternating potential and alternating current are produced between two electrode layers of rotating disk.
The hybrid generator can simultaneously collect the electrostatic energy and mechanical kinetic energy of current, various in current to comprehensively utilize
The energy of form provides approach.
If driving blade wheel and the second rotating disk to rotate using the form of other mechanical energy such as wind energy, can equally drive
Rotating disc type triboelectricity component in dynamic hybrid generator is generated electricity, and extends the actually used scope of hybrid generator.
In all of above example, can be by carrying out the structure of micron, nanoscale to frictional layer, hydrophobic layer surface
Processing, material modify to improve the ultra-hydrophobicity of contact area and hydrophobic layer between two frictional layers.Below with a reality
As a example by the example of border, the preparation process and frictional layer of hybrid generator of the present invention and the surface modification process of hydrophobic layer are illustrated.
First, lucite PMMA is processed into the shape and size of needs using the method for laser cutting, as first
The basalis of rotating disk, the second rotating disk and blade（101st, 201 and 301）.The basalis of the first rotating disk and the second rotating disk（101 Hes
201）A diameter of 10cm, thickness is 2mm.The basalis of each blade（301）Length is 8cm, and width is 4cm, and thickness is
2mm.Then, using the method for physical vapour deposition (PVD) in basalis（101st, 201 and 301）Upper evaporation thickness is thin for the Cu of 100nm
Film is used as rotating disk and the electrode layer of blade（102nd, 202 and 302）.Wherein, Cu films the rubbing as the second rotating disk of the second rotating disk
Wipe layer to use, while playing a part of frictional layer and electrode layer.The method polished using the grains of sand forms micro-meter scale on Al paper tinsels
Concaveconvex structure, then using concentration for the oxalic acid of 0.3M is corroded, form the anodised aluminium with nanoscale hole
（AAO）Template.Afterwards, by polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)（PTFE）Solution be cast in the template of AAO, by application of vacuum, high temperature gather
After the processing procedures such as conjunction, under there is micro-, nanostructured PTFE films to be peeled off from AAO templates surface using two-sided tape
Come.The PTFE films of preparation are pasted onto the electrode layer of the first rotating disk using two-sided tape（102）Surface, as the first rotating disk
Frictional layer（103）；PTFE films are pasted onto the electrode layer of blade（302）Surface, as the hydrophobic layer of blade（303）.
Multiple blades are composed of a fixed connection blade wheel, blade wheel and two centers of rotating disk are passed through using common pivot axis 401.Blade
Wheel and the second rotating disk are linked together by silica gel, when water impact is on blade, blade wheel and the second rotating disk together around
Common pivot axis are rotated.First rotating disk is bolted in common pivot axis, when blade wheel and the second rotating disk are rotated, the
One rotating disk is remained stationary as.The electrode layer 302 of blade is connected with ground potential by wire, constitutes electrostatic induction electrification component.It is logical
Wire is crossed by two electrode layers of rotating disk（102 and 202）It is attached, constitutes triboelectricity component.
Below as a example by preparing the generator device for completing, show structure and the output of waterwheel structure mixed film friction generator
Characteristic.In test, the operating of hybrid generator is driven using the running water flowed out in general tap.Fig. 7 is conduct
The hydrophobic layer of blade（303）With the frictional layer of the first rotating disk（103）The SEM of the PTFE films of material（SEM）According to
Piece and contact angle test photo.As illustrated, the average length and diameter of the nanometer rods on PTFE surfaces be respectively 360nm and
45nm, water droplet is 162 ° in the contact angle of PTFE film surfaces, shows good superhydrophobic characteristic.In Fig. 8（a）With（b）It is
The open-circuit voltage of electrostatic induction electrification component and triboelectricity component changes over time curve, and the flow velocity of current is during test
54ml/s.As in Fig. 8（a）With（b）Shown, the open-circuit voltage of electrostatic induction electrification component and triboelectricity component is respectively 72V
And 102V.In Fig. 9（a）With（b）It is that the short circuit current of electrostatic induction electrification component and triboelectricity component changes over time curve,
The flow velocity of current is 54ml/s during test.As in Fig. 9（a）With（b）It is shown, electrostatic induction electrification component and triboelectricity component
Short circuit current is respectively 12.9 μ A and 3.8 μ A.Change the flow velocity of water, test open-circuit voltage, the short circuit current of generator with water
Flow velocity change.In Figure 10（a）It is the open-circuit voltage and short circuit current of electrostatic induction electrification component with the change of the flow velocity of water
Curve.When flow velocity increases to 54ml/s from 7ml/s, open-circuit voltage is maintained at 72V or so, does not have significant change；Short circuit current
Increase to 12.9 μ A from 4.3 μ A.In Figure 10（b）It is the open-circuit voltage and short circuit current of triboelectricity component with the change of the flow velocity of water
Change curve.When flow velocity increases to 54ml/s from 7ml/s, open-circuit voltage is maintained at 102V or so, does not have significant change；Short-circuit electricity
Stream increases to 3.8 μ A from 0.3 μ A.
The electric signal of each electrification component output for implementing example of the invention is alternating-current pulse electric signal, can be in electrification component
Output end connection full-bridge rectifier, by the output signal rectification of electrification component be unidirectional pulse electric signal.Electrification component is exported
Unidirectional pulse electric signal, act not only as the pulse power and directly apply to the fields such as electrochemistry, can also be used to energy storage
Element charges, such as capacitor or lithium ion battery etc., and the electric energy for storing can be used for being portable compact electronic equipment
Electric power is provided, is with a wide range of applications.Can also be by the electric signal of electrostatic induction electrification component and triboelectricity component point
It is not connected in parallel after over commutation, as the output signal of generator, the output current of generator can be provided.
The above, is only preferable implementation example of the invention, and any formal limitation is not made to the present invention.
Any those of ordinary skill in the art, in the case where technical solution of the present invention ambit is not departed from, all using the disclosure above
Methods and techniques content makes many possible variations and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or is revised as the equivalent of equivalent variations
Implement example.Therefore, every content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to technical spirit of the invention, implementation is shown to more than
Any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification that example is done, still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (27)
1. a kind of hybrid generator, it is characterised in that including：
Common rotating shaft；
Electrostatic induction electrification component, including：The blade being fixedly connected by multiple constitutes blade wheel, the surface of each blade with
The common rotating shaft is parallel, and the blade includes basalis and electrode layer；The electrode layer of all blades is connected to
Current potential；The blade of blade wheel blade wheel in the impulsive force by working fluid rotates around the common rotating shaft, makes
The blade is contacted with the liquid successively, and electric signal is produced between the electrode layer and the equipotential of the blade；
Triboelectricity component, including：First rotating disk, group is stacked gradually by the first basalis, first electrode layer, the first frictional layer
Into；Second rotating disk, is stacked gradually and is constituted by the second basalis, the second electrode lay, the second frictional layer；First rotating disk and second
Rotating disk is staggered relatively to make first frictional layer be contacted with each other with the second frictional layer, and under the drive of the blade wheel, institute
It can be that axle is rotated with the common rotating shaft that the first rotating disk is stated relative to the second rotating disk, make first frictional layer with described the
Two frictional layers slide over each other when rubbing and changing contact area, have between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay
Electric signal output.
2. hybrid generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the blade of the blade wheel also includes hydrophobic
Layer, the hydrophobic layer is attached on the electrode layer of the blade.
3. hybrid generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that multiple blades of the blade wheel are around described
Common rotating shaft is uniformly distributed.
4. hybrid generator according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the common rotating shaft and the triboelectricity
Second rotating disk of component is fixed, and the first rotating disk of the triboelectricity component is fixed and around described public with the blade wheel
Rotary shaft is rotated；
Or,
The common rotating shaft is fixed with the first rotating disk of the triboelectricity component, the second rotating disk of the triboelectricity component
Fixed with the blade wheel and rotated around the common rotating shaft.
5. hybrid generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first frictional layer and the described second friction
Layer surface shape is identical or complementation.
6. hybrid generator according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the first rotating disk of the triboelectricity component and
Second rotating disk is constituted by multiple shape identical flabellums, and the flabellum quantity of two rotating disks is equal.
7. hybrid generator according to claim 6, it is characterised in that multiple flabellums and second of first rotating disk
Be centrosymmetric distribution centered on multiple flabellums of rotating disk intersection point respectively by the common rotating shaft with rotating disk.
8. hybrid generator according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the number of blade of the blade wheel and described first
The flabellum number of rotating disk is equal or unequal.
9. hybrid generator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the hydrophobic layer of the blade surface of blade wheel is by having
It is made up of the film of superhydrophobic property.
10. hybrid generator according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the contact angle of the hydrophobic layer is more than 120 °.
11. hybrid generators according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the hydrophobic layer is in surface micro-meter scale
Structure on grow nanoscale structure formed.
12. hybrid generators according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the liquid of the flowing and the blade wheel
Blade contact when carry electrostatic charge, the electrostatic charge that the blade is carried is to be rubbed with the medium of surrounding during liquid flowing
Produced by wiping.
13. hybrid generators according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the liquid of the flowing is nature flowing
The oil flowed in the waste water, the oil pipeline that are flowed in water, sewer pipe.
14. hybrid generators according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the water of the flowing naturally is comprising big marine
Ocean current motion seawater or tidal motion wave.
15. hybrid generator according to claim any one of 1-13, it is characterised in that the first frictional layer and second rubs
Wipe layer to be made up of different materials, and there is friction electrode sequence difference therebetween.
16. hybrid generators according to claim 2, it is characterised in that first frictional layer, the second frictional layer
And/or the hydrophobic layer of blade is insulating materials, the insulating materials is selected from following one or more material：Aniline-formaldehyde resin,
Polyformaldehyde, ethyl cellulose, wool and its fabric, silk and its fabric, paper, cellulose, cellulose acetate, regenerated cellulose
It is sponge, cotton and its fabric, polyurethane elastomer, SAN, SB, wood, hard
Rubber, acetate, staple fibre, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutene, polyvinyl butyral resin, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer
Thing, neoprene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, poly- (vinylidene chloride-co- acrylonitrile), CPPG, polyvinylidene chloride, poly-
(2,6- dimethyl polyphenylene oxide), polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamides are sub-
Amine, polyvinyl chloride, dimethyl silicone polymer, polytrifluorochloroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Parylene.
17. hybrid generators according to claim 16, it is characterised in that the staple fibre includes polyamide nylon
11 and/or polyamide nylon 66.
18. hybrid generators according to claim 16, it is characterised in that the polyurethane elastomer includes polyurethane
Elastic sponge.
19. hybrid generators according to claim 16, it is characterised in that the polyester is included following one or more
Material：Polyethylene glycol succinate, polyethyleneglycol adipate, polydiallyl phthalate, polymethyl methacrylate,
Polyethylene terephthalate, poly bisphenol carbonic ester, poly- diphenyl propane carbonic ester.
20. hybrid generator according to any one of claim 1-13,16-19, it is characterised in that the first electrode
The electrode layer material of layer, the second electrode lay and/or blade wheel uses metal, alloy, conductive oxide or organic matter conductor.
21. hybrid generator according to any one of claim 1-13,16-19, it is characterised in that first friction
The surface that layer can be contacted with each other with the second frictional layer in rotation process completely or partially has nanostructured or micrometer structure；
The nanostructured and micrometer structure are selected from nano wire, nanometer rods, nanotube, nanocone, nano particle, nanometer channel, micron
Line, micron bar, micron tube, micron cone, micron particles and micron trenches.
22. hybrid generator according to any one of claim 1-13,16-19, it is characterised in that first friction
Layer and/or the second friction layer surface by chemical modification, wherein, be more easy to for positive material surface is introduced friction electrode sequence is relative
The functional group of betatopic, or in the relative functional group that the electronics that is more easy to get is introduced for negative material surface of friction electrode sequence；Or,
It is that positive material surface introduces positive charge in polarity, is that negative material surface introduces negative electrical charge in polarity.
23. hybrid generator according to any one of claim 1-13,16-19, it is characterised in that the equipotential is
Ground potential or equipotential source circuit.
24. hybrid generator according to any one of claim 1-13,16-19, it is characterised in that the electrostatic induction
The electric signal of electrification component and the triboelectricity component after rectification respectively through being connected in parallel.
25. hybrid generator according to any one of claim 1-13,16-19, it is characterised in that the rotating disk and leaf
The diameter range of piece wheel is 10-1000mm；
And/or,
The thickness range of the basalis of first basalis, the second basalis and blade is 0.1-10mm.
26. hybrid generator according to claim 2, any one of 9-11,16-19, it is characterised in that the hydrophobic layer
Thickness range be 10nm-5mm.
27. a kind of electricity-generating methods, it is characterised in that using the hybrid generator described in claim any one of 1-24, including
Step：
Electrostatic induction described in the hydraulic shock of flowing sends out the blade of component, the blade wheel is turned around the common rotating shaft
It is dynamic；The blade wheel drives the first rotating disk of the triboelectricity component to be rotated relative to the second rotating disk；
Hydraulic shock blade and blade is left, produced between the electrode layer and equipotential of the blade of electrostatic induction generator assembly
The electric signal of alternation；First frictional layer and the second frictional layer slide over each other friction the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay it
Between produce alternate electrical signal.
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| CN112619542B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-11-01 | 宜春万申制药机械有限公司 | Device for adjusting discharging speed of mixing machine |
| CN114777211B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2023-06-23 | 浙江师范大学 | Self-powered air conditioner air purification device based on friction nano generator |
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| CN201607495U (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2010-10-13 | 湖州师范学院 | Insulation liquid flowing charge quantity measuring device |
| CN103354429A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-10-16 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Sliding friction nano generator and power generation method |
| CN103368453A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-10-23 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Nanometer electric generator utilizing sliding friction and electricity generating method |
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