CN103780136B - A kind of revolving frictional generator exporting constant current - Google Patents
A kind of revolving frictional generator exporting constant current Download PDFInfo
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- CN103780136B CN103780136B CN201310507488.2A CN201310507488A CN103780136B CN 103780136 B CN103780136 B CN 103780136B CN 201310507488 A CN201310507488 A CN 201310507488A CN 103780136 B CN103780136 B CN 103780136B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of revolving frictional generator exporting constant current, it includes at least one first sub-friction member and at least one second sub-friction member, and the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member surface are respectively arranged with the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode；And first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member end be respectively arranged with the first conductive component and the second conductive component；At the uniform velocity Frictional Slipping another surface of relative second sub-friction member can be done in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction in another surface of described first sub-friction member.The present invention makes two friction members remain contact friction by uniform circular motion, produces charge inducing, drive the flowing of electronics in external circuit, and by conductive component as diverter, it is achieved the output of constant current.This inventive structure is simple, it is achieved convenient, low cost, can be used for powering the continued smooth of electronic device it can also be used to charge the continued smooth of capacitor, has good Social and economic benef@.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of power generation, in particular, provide a kind of rotary friction exporting constant current
Wipe electromotor.
Background technology
Use the collection of energy of nanotechnology and conversion equipment, due to the self power generation of its uniqueness and self-driven
Character, it is likely that play key in manufacture and driving self-powered nano-device and nanosystems device
Effect, receive various countries' research worker recently and more and more pay close attention to.2006, georgia ,U.S.A
Institute of Technology Wang Zhonglin professor seminar is successfully realized first and utilizes zinc oxide nanowire by mechanical energy
It is converted into the piezoelectric type nano generator of electric energy.Subsequently, based on piezoelectric effect, based on different materials
The various nano generators of material and structure are developed in succession.At present, the output work of nano generator
Rate be enough to drive commercial light emitting diode, small liquid crystal display, and self-power wireless data transmission
Equipment.
Generally, electromotor is that one can generate electric charge, is separated by positive and negative charge, and uses electromotive force
The electric charge produced drives the method for free electron stream, and it can be with electromagnetism, piezoelectricity, electric heating even electrostatic
Based on effect.The piezoelectricity electromotive force that nano generator relies on zinc oxide nanowire to be generated achieves generating.
On the other hand, franklinic electricity and electrostatic phenomenon are the most universal a kind of phenomenons, are present in our daily life
Every aspect in work, from foot to driving etc..Owing to it is difficult to be collected and used, quilt often
A kind of energy form that people are ignored.If able to collect fricative by a kind of new method
Electric energy or utilize the method that the kinetic energy in the Nature is converted to the electric energy that can utilize, will be to people
Daily life produce material impact.At present, static micro generator is developed successfully, and
It is used widely in micro electronmechanical field.But the design of miniature electrostatic generator is mainly with inorganic silicon material
Based on, and the operation manufacturing the technique needing complexity and precision of device.The preparation of whole device
Needing large-scale instrument and equipment and special working condition, cost is too high, is unfavorable for electromotor
Commercialization and daily use.The China of Application No. 201210149940.8 and 201210160542.6
Application for a patent for invention discloses a kind of friction generator, by frictional electricity phenomenon and separation of charge mode
Generate electricity, but this friction generator is only capable of producing the electric current output of pulsed.Application No.
200910080638.X Chinese invention patent application disclose a kind of revolving frictional generator, this generating
Machine is by the spin friction generation electric charge between the friction material on stator and rotor, but this spin friction
Electromotor is difficult to outside circuit output current, and generating efficiency is the lowest.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of output constant current
Revolving frictional generator.
According to an aspect of the present invention.Propose a kind of revolving frictional generator exporting constant current,
Comprising:
First friction member, including at least one the first sub-friction member, each described first sub-friction member
One surface contact is provided with the first sub-electrode；
With each described first sub-friction member relative to a pair first conductive components of invariant position, distinguish position
The first end and the second end in the first sub-friction member；
Second friction member, including the second sub-friction member with described first sub-friction member equal amount, often
One surface contact of individual described second sub-friction member is provided with the second sub-electrode；
With each described second sub-friction member relative to a pair second conductive components of invariant position, distinguish position
The first end and the second end in the second sub-friction member；
Wherein, all the first conductive components being positioned at first sub-friction member the first end are positioned at the with all
Second conductive component of two sub-friction member the first ends is electrically coupled together as first and is electrically connected contact；Institute
The first conductive component being positioned at first sub-friction member the second end is had to be positioned at the second sub-friction member with all
Second conductive component of the second end is electrically coupled together as second and is electrically connected contact；
Another surface of described first sub-friction member can another surface of relative second sub-friction member exist
Do at the uniform velocity Frictional Slipping clockwise or counterclockwise direction；In the sliding process of described sliding friction,
In every pair of described first conductive component one makes electrical contact with the second sub-electrode all the time, every pair described second
In conductive component one makes electrical contact with the first sub-electrode all the time, and makes electrical contact with the second sub-electrode simultaneously
The first conductive component and the contact that is electrically connected that connected of the second conductive component of the first sub-electrode electrical contact
Different so that in this sliding process, first contact and second that is electrically connected is electrically connected between contact and produces all the time
Constant electric current.
Wherein, described first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member are, and are concentric plane semicircular ring
Structure.
Wherein, the inner surface contact of described first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member is arranged, the first son
The inner surface of electrode and the second sub-electrode respectively with the first sub-friction member and the appearance of the second sub-friction member
Face contact is arranged.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component is electric with the inner surface of the second sub-electrode all the time
Contact；In described every pair of second conductive component one makes electrical contact with the inner surface of the first sub-electrode all the time.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component is electric with the outer surface of the second sub-electrode all the time
Contact；In described every pair of second conductive component one makes electrical contact with the outer surface of the first sub-electrode all the time.
Wherein, described first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member include multiple, and multiple first son rubs
Wipe part size invariant position identical, relative and interval uniformly, the size of multiple second sub-friction members is identical,
Invariant position and interval are uniformly relatively, and the plurality of first sub-friction member and the plurality of second son rub
Wipe part common combination respectively and constitute concentric plane semicircular ring structure.
Wherein, a 's in each described first sub-friction member and the plurality of second sub-friction member is interior
Surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION all the time, the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode be separately positioned on the first sub-friction member and
The outer surface of the second sub-friction member.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component connects with the second sub-electrode inner surface electricity all the time
Touch；In described every pair of first conductive component one makes electrical contact with the first sub-electrode inner surface all the time.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component connects with the second sub-electrode outer surface electricity all the time
Touch；In described every pair of second conductive component one makes electrical contact with the first sub-electrode outer surface all the time.
Wherein, described first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member the most only include one, and are cross sections
Column structure for concentric semicircles ring.
Wherein, the inner surface of described first sub-friction member and the outer surface friction of described second sub-friction member
Contact, the first sub-electrode is arranged on the outer surface of the first sub-friction member, and the second sub-electrode is arranged on second
The inner surface of the one part of sub-friction member.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component is electric with the outer surface of the second sub-electrode all the time
Contact；In described every pair of second conductive component one makes electrical contact with the inner surface of the first sub-electrode all the time.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component is electric with the inner surface of the second sub-electrode all the time
Contact；In described every pair of second conductive component one makes electrical contact with the outer surface of the first sub-electrode all the time.
Wherein, described first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member include multiple respectively, and the plurality of
Uniformly, the plurality of second son rubs for first sub-friction member size invariant position identical, relative and interval
Part size invariant position identical, relative and interval are uniformly；The plurality of first sub-friction member and multiple
Two sub-friction member common combinations respectively constitute the column structure that cross section is concentric semicircles ring.
Wherein, in the inner surface of each described first sub-friction member and multiple second sub-friction member
Outer surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION, the first sub-electrode is arranged on the outer surface of the first sub-friction member, the second son electricity
Pole is arranged on the inner surface of the second sub-friction member.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component connects with the second sub-electrode outer surface electricity all the time
Touch；In described every pair of second conductive component one makes electrical contact with the first sub-electrode inner surface all the time.
Wherein, in described every pair of first conductive component connects with the second sub-electrode inner surface electricity all the time
Touch；In described second conductive component one makes electrical contact with the first electrode outer surface all the time.
Wherein, electric current flows to second be electrically connected contact from first contact that is electrically connected all the time.
Wherein, the material that the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member use two kinds of electronegativity different is made.
Wherein, the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member use insulating material, semi-conducting material or
Any one in metal is made.
Wherein, described first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member use macromolecule polymer material to make.
Wherein, described semi-conducting material include Crystalline Semiconductors material, amorphous glass semi-conducting material,
Organic semiconducting materials.
Wherein, described metal includes gold, silver, platinum, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium and aforementioned
The alloy that arbitrarily metal is formed.
Wherein, described first conductive component and the second conductive component are brush.
The such scheme that the present invention proposes, uses the material that two kinds of electronegativity are different as friction member, leads to
Cross and make two friction members remain contact slide friction, contact area increase or reduce during two
The contact area of individual friction member at the uniform velocity increases or reduces, and by conductive component as diverter, it is achieved
Galvanic output.Particularly when sliding friction is uniform circular motion, it is possible to achieve constant current
Output.This inventive structure is simple, it is achieved convenient, and low cost can be used for continuing electronic device
Steady electricity supply, it can also be used to charge the continued smooth of capacitor, has well society and economic effect
Benefit.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the present invention's
Technological means, and can being practiced according to the content of description, and in order to allow the above-mentioned of the present invention and
Other objects, features and advantages can become apparent, below especially exemplified by the detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of revolving frictional generator structure in first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the upward view of revolving frictional generator structure in first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the operation principle schematic diagram of revolving frictional generator in first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 be in first embodiment of the invention the first friction member in the motor process of 0 ° to 180 °
The equivalent circuit diagram of revolving frictional generator；
Fig. 5 be in first embodiment of the invention the first friction member the motor process of 180 ° to 360 °
The equivalent circuit diagram of middle revolving frictional generator；
Fig. 6 is the structure chart of revolving frictional generator in second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is revolving frictional generator structure chart in third embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 8 is the fundamental diagram of revolving frictional generator in third embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 9 is revolving frictional generator structure chart in fourth embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with concrete real
Execute example, and referring to the drawings, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 respectively illustrates a kind of rotation exporting constant current in first embodiment of the invention
Friction generator structure chart.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, Fig. 1 is front view, and Fig. 2 is facing upward of Fig. 1
View.In the present embodiment, the revolving frictional generator of this output constant current includes: the first friction
Part 2, a pair first conductive component the 31,32, second friction members 5 and a pair second conductive components 61,
62, the outer surface of the first friction member 2 is provided with the first electrode 1, and the outer surface of the second friction member 5 sets
It is equipped with the second electrode 4.In the present embodiment, the first friction member 2 only includes a first sub-friction member,
Second friction member 5 only includes a second sub-friction member.
The inner surface of described first friction member 2 can the inner surface of relative second friction member 5 clockwise
Or do at the uniform velocity Frictional Slipping on counterclockwise.The pair of first conductive component 31,32 position respectively
In the first end and second end of the first friction member 2, and with the relative position of the first friction member 2 not
Become.The pair of second conductive component 61,62 lay respectively at the second friction member 5 the first end and
Second end, and with the relative invariant position of the second friction member 5.It addition, be positioned at the first friction member 2
Second conductive component 32 and second conductive part being positioned at the second friction member 5 second end of the second end
Part 62 is electrically connected to first by wire and is electrically connected contact A, is positioned at the first friction member 2 first end
First conductive component 31 and the second conductive component 61 being positioned at the second friction member 5 second end pass through to lead
Line is electrically connected to second and is electrically connected contact B.Wherein, described first friction member and the first of the second friction member
When end and the second end are for contacting with each other or being separated from each other in sliding process, contact at first or last
The end separated.
In the present embodiment, first electrode the 1, first friction member the 2, second electrode the 4, second friction member 5
It is the plane semicircular ring structure of concentric, optionally, described first friction member 1 and the second friction member
The annulus inside radius of 2 can be identical or different, and outer radius can be identical or different, and described first electricity
The annulus inside radius of pole 1 and the second electrode 4 can be identical or different, shown in the present embodiment
The annulus inside radius of one electrode 1 is more than the annulus inside radius of the second electrode 4, but is less than the second electrode
The annulus outer radius of 4；Described first electrode 1 is fixed on the annulus outer surface of described first friction member 2,
And its surface contacted with the first friction member 2 has exposed portion inside the first friction member 2, the
Two electrodes 4 are fixed on the annulus outer surface of described second friction member 5, and itself and the second friction member 5 phase
The surface of contact has exposed portion outside the second friction member 5.A pair first conductive components 31,32
Lay respectively at the inside end of the first friction member 2, and a pair second conductive components 61,62 distinguish positions
Outside end in the second friction member 5.Therefore, the first friction member 2 rubs relative to the second friction member 5
Wiping in sliding process, one of a pair first conductive components 31,32 make electrical contact with the first electrode 1 all the time,
And one of a pair second conductive components 61,62 make electrical contact with the second electrode 2 all the time.
In the present embodiment, the first friction member 2 can do circular motion clockwise around the center of circle that its annulus is corresponding,
And the first electrode 1 can be driven to do circular motion clockwise together with the first conductive component 31,32.Institute
Stating the first conductive component and the second conductive component can be all brush, its shape can be rectangular structure
(Fig. 1 shows rectangular structure end face, and it is square structure).The material of the first friction member 2
Material is preferably nylon, and the material of the second friction member 5 is preferably politef, the second electrode 4 and the
The material of one electrode 1 is preferably aluminum, and the material of two pairs of conductive components is preferably electrographite.
There is certain roughness in the inner surface of the first friction member 2 and the first friction member 5, and uses two
The material planting electronegativity different is made.Therefore, the present invention make two friction members begin by circular motion
Keep contact friction eventually, and by conductive component as diverter, it is achieved galvanic output.Work as cunning
When dynamic friction is uniform circular motion, it is possible to achieve the output of constant current.
The revolving frictional generator operation principle of output constant current is, when the first friction member 2 and second
During friction member 5 contact slide, two interface portion generation phase mutual friction, due to two friction member surfaces
Electronegativity is different, equivalent but the most contrary electrostatic charge generate in interface and be distributed in two different
On friction member, the first friction member 2 band plus or minus electric charge, and the second friction member 5 surface band and first rubs
Wipe the opposite polarity electric charge of part 2, thus define an idol being referred to as friction potential in interface
Pole layer.And this dipole layer defines a built-in potential between the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 4.By
Itself it is insulation in the first friction member 2 and the second friction member 5, so charge inducing will not be by rapidly
Lead away or neutralize.When the first friction member is relative to the second friction member motion, the first electrode 1 and the second electricity
Pole 4, by the case of circuit turn-on outside, produces the most contrary freedom respectively on two electrodes
Electric charge, to offset the charge inducing that two friction members generate, therefore, by the first conductive component and the
Two conductive components form extrinsic current.
Fig. 3 shows the operation principle schematic diagram of revolving frictional generator in first embodiment of the invention.
As it is shown on figure 3, be positioned at the first conductive component 31 inside the first electrode 1 left semicircle ring and be positioned at
The second conductive component 61 outside two electrode 4 left semicircle rings has common first to be electrically connected contact B, and
It is positioned at another first conductive component 32 inside the first electrode 1 right semi-circle ring and the second electrode 4 right half
Another second conductive component outside annulus has common second to be electrically connected contact A, the i.e. first conductive component
31 electrically connect with the second conductive component 61, and another first conductive component 32 and another second conductive part
Part 62 electrically connects.Second friction member 2 contacts setting and invariant position with the second electrode 1, and first rubs
Wiping part 5 drives the first electrode 4 to do circular motion clockwise, makes two friction members produce friction；Second
Conductive component invariant position, the first conductive component and the first friction member 2 have fixing mechanical connection and
Invariant position relatively, therefore the first conductive component does circular motion clockwise with the first friction member.
And owing to the effect of conductive component is conduction and commutation, therefore do circumference clockwise when the first friction member 2
During motion, the extrinsic current formed by first conductive component the 31,32 and second conductive component 61,62,
All the time it flow to second through external circuit load be electrically connected contact B from the first contact A that is electrically connected, i.e. export unidirectional current.
When the first friction member 2 does uniform circular motion, the extrinsic current of output is constant current.
In the sliding process of 0 ° to 180 °, the first friction member 2 is from the surface of the second friction member 5
Skid off, i.e. the contact area of two friction members at the uniform velocity reduces, and this process first electrode 1 is only led with second
Electricity parts 62 contact, and the second electrode 4 only contacts with the first conductive component 31, and friction generator is external
Output electric current flows to the second electrode 4 from the first electrode 1, i.e. from the second conductive component 62 through external circuit electricity
Choked flow is to the first conductive component 31, and owing to the first conductive component 31 and the second conductive component 61 have
Common second is electrically connected contact B, and the first conductive component 32 and the second conductive component 62 have common
First is electrically connected contact A, and the most in this process, electric current flows to the second electricity from the first contact A that is electrically connected
Junction point B.
In the sliding process of 180 ° to 360 °, the first friction member 2 is from the table of the second friction member 5
Face slides into, i.e. the contact area of two friction members at the uniform velocity increases, and this process first electrode 1 is only with second
Conductive component 61 contacts, and the second electrode 4 only contacts with the first conductive component 32, friction generator pair
Outer output electric current from the second electrode 4 flow to the first electrode 1, i.e. electric current from the first conductive component 32 through
Circuitous resistance flows to the second conductive component 61, and therefore electric current is still electrically connected contact A through external circuit from first
Resistance flows to second and is electrically connected contact B, it is achieved thereby that in sliding friction electromotor, at 180 ° to 360 °
Sliding process in export sense of current and the sense of current in the sliding process of 0 ° to 180 °
Identical.
Fig. 4 shows that the first friction member in first embodiment of the invention is 0 ° to 180 ° be moved through
The equivalent circuit diagram of revolving frictional generator in journey.As shown in Figure 4, the first friction member 2 rubs from second
The surface wiping part 5 skids off, and friction generator externally exports electric current and flows to the second electrode from the first electrode 1
4, i.e. flow to second through external resistance be electrically connected contact B from the first contact A that is electrically connected.
Fig. 5 shows that the first friction member in first embodiment of the invention is the motion of 180 ° to 360 °
During the equivalent circuit diagram of revolving frictional generator.As it is shown in figure 5, the first friction member 2 is from second
The surface of friction member 5 slides into, and friction generator externally exports electric current and flows to the first electricity from the second electrode 4
Pole 1, i.e. electric current still flow to second through external resistance be electrically connected contact B from the first contact A that is electrically connected.
First friction member 2 continues to move in a circle, and enters the next period of motion, can make to export to
The electric current of external circuit is always unidirectional current.When the first friction member 2 does circular motion clockwise at the uniform velocity,
Can obtain flowing through the constant current of external resistance.Size I of constant current is:
Wherein, the quantity of electric charge that when σ is 0 °, two contact friction members produce because of relative motion, unit
For C；ω is the angular velocity that the first friction member 2 does uniform circular motion, and unit is s-1；θ is two
Contact friction member is from overlapping to fully sliding out turned over angle, and in the design of this programme, θ's is big
I thinks 180 °, 90 °, 60 °, 45 ° etc..
In such scheme, the size of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 4 can also in turn, i.e. first
Electrode 1 is less than the second electrode 4, but needs to ensure to contact the first friction member 2 being disposed thereon respectively
Contact with each other with the second friction member 5, and the first conductive component and the second conductive component are in sliding process
Respectively with the first electrode and the second electrode contact.
It addition, the first electrode the 1, second electrode the 4, first friction member 2 and shape of the second friction member 5
Shape is not limited solely to semi-annular shape, as long as when doing uniform circular motion, and the first friction member 2 and
The contact area of two friction members 5 at the uniform velocity changes.
The shape of conductive component is also not limited to cuboid, contacts conduction as long as can be formed with electrode.
The such as contact jaw with electrode can be round end or other shapes.Additionally, the second conductive component and first
Conductive component generally uses brush to realize, it is also possible to use other conductive components, if can wear-resisting also
Conduct electricity just, such as metals such as duralumin.
Fig. 6 shows the revolving frictional generator structure exporting constant current in second embodiment of the invention
Figure.In this embodiment, the structure of revolving frictional generator is substantially the same with first embodiment.Such as Fig. 6
Shown in, this revolving frictional generator includes the first friction member and the second friction member, and the first friction member includes
Two the first sub-friction members, the second friction member includes two the second sub-friction members, and said two first
Sub-friction member size invariant position identical, relative and interval are uniform, the size of multiple second sub-friction members
Invariant position identical, relative and interval uniformly, and the sub-friction member of said two first and said two the
Two sub-friction members are respectively 1/4th planar circular structures.Each described first sub-friction member and second
Outer surface on sub-friction member contacts respectively and is provided with the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode, and the first son
Electrode and the second sub-electrode are also 1/1st planar circular structure.Each first sub-friction member
First end and the second end are provided with a pair first conductive components, the first of each second sub-friction member
End and the second end are provided with a pair second conductive components.All it is positioned at first sub-friction member the first end
First conductive component of end and the second conductive component being positioned at second sub-friction member the second end pass through to lead
Line is electrically connected to first and is electrically connected contact A, all the first conductions being positioned at first sub-friction member the second ends
Parts and be positioned at the second conductive component of second sub-friction member the second end and be electrically connected to the by wire
Two are electrically connected contact B.
First sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member quantity are corresponding with size consistent, and in sliding process
The inner surface of each first sub-friction member and the inner surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION of one of them the second sub-friction member；
It is positioned at a beginning in a pair first conductive components of first sub-friction member the first end and the second end
Eventually with and the outer surface of the second sub-friction member of this first sub-friction member CONTACT WITH FRICTION arrange second sub
Electrode contact, is positioned in a pair second conductive components of second sub-friction member the first end and the second end
One all the time with and this second sub-friction member CONTACT WITH FRICTION the first sub-friction member outer surface arrange
First sub-electrode contact.Wherein, described first sub-friction member and the first end of the second sub-friction member
During with the second end for contacting with each other in sliding process or being separated from each other, contact at first or be finally separating
End.
In above-mentioned revolving frictional generator structure, the quantity of the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member is also
It is not limited to two, it is also possible to be multiple.I.e. first friction member and the second friction member include multiple respectively
One sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member, and multiple first sub-friction member size position identical, relative is not
Becoming and interval is uniform, size invariant position identical, relative and the interval of multiple second sub-friction members are uniform,
And the plurality of first sub-friction member and the plurality of second sub-friction member common combination respectively constitute same
Heart plane semicircular ring structure.In other embodiments, described first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member
The inside radius of place annulus can be identical or different, and outer radius can be identical or different.
Same, in 0 ° to 90 ° and the sliding process of 180 ° to 270 °, the first son friction
Part skids off from the surface of the second sub-friction member, i.e. the contact area of two friction members at the uniform velocity reduces, this mistake
Journey the first sub-electrode only with and first the second conductive component that contact A connects that is electrically connected contact, the second son is electric
Pole only with and second the first conductive component that contact B connects that is electrically connected contact, friction generator externally exports
Electric current flows to the second sub-electrode from the first sub-electrode, and electric current flows to second be electrically connected from the first contact A that is electrically connected
Contact B.
In 90 ° to 180 ° and the sliding process of 270 ° to 360 °, the first sub-friction member is from
The surface of two sub-friction members slides into, i.e. the contact area of two friction members at the uniform velocity increases, this process first
Sub-electrode only with and second the second conductive component that contact B connects that is electrically connected contact, the second sub-electrode with
The contact A that is electrically connected with first connect the first conductive component contact, friction generator externally export electric current from
Second sub-electrode flows to the first sub-electrode, and therefore electric current is still electrically connected contact A through external resistance from first
Flow to second be electrically connected contact B, it is achieved thereby that in sliding friction electromotor no matter the first sub-friction member with
Second sub-friction member slides relatively can export equidirectional electric current in which stage.
Fig. 7 shows the revolving frictional generator structure exporting constant current in third embodiment of the invention
Figure.As it is shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the structure of this revolving frictional generator is basic to be implemented with first
The revolving frictional generator be given in example is identical, except that the first friction member 22 and the second friction
Part 25 is the column structure that cross section is semicircular ring, and the first electrode 21 contact is arranged at the first friction
The outer surface of part 22, the second electrode 24 contact is arranged at the inner surface of the second friction member 25, and the
The inner surface of one friction member 22 and the mutual CONTACT WITH FRICTION of outer surface of the second friction member 25；First friction
Semicircular ring first end of part 22 and the outer surface of the second end are respectively arranged with relative with its position
A pair constant first conductive components 231,232, semicircular ring first end of the second friction member 25 and
A pair second conductive components geostationary with its position it are respectively arranged with at the inner surface of the second end
261、262；Said two the first conductive component 231,232 is mechanically connected with the first friction member 22,
Said two the second conductive component 261,262 is mechanically connected with the second friction member 25.It is positioned at first to rub
Wipe the first conductive component 232 of part 22 first end and be positioned at the of the second friction member 25 first end
Two conductive components 262 are electrically connected to first by wire and are electrically connected contact A, are positioned at the first friction member 22
First conductive component 231 of the second end and the second conduction being positioned at the second friction member 25 second end
Parts 261 are electrically connected to second and are electrically connected contact B.Wherein, described first friction member and the second friction member
The first end and the second end for contact with each other in sliding process or be separated from each other time, contact at first
Or finally separated end.
The inner surface of described first friction member 22 can the outer surface of relative second friction member 25 clockwise
Or do at the uniform velocity Frictional Slipping on counterclockwise, and in sliding process, the pair of second conductive part
One of them in part 261,262 makes electrical contact with the inner surface of the first electrode 21 all the time, and a pair the
One of them in one conductive component 231,232 makes electrical contact with the outer surface of the second electrode 24 all the time.
And conduct electricity with the first conductive component of the second electrode electrical contact and the second of the first electrode electrical contact simultaneously
What parts were connected be electrically connected, and contact is different.
Fig. 8 shows the revolving frictional generator exporting constant current in the present invention in the 3rd embodiment
Fundamental diagram.As shown in Figure 8, the operation principle of revolving frictional generator same first in this embodiment
Embodiment.
In the sliding process of 0 ° to 180 °, the first friction member 22 is from the table of the second friction member 25
Face skids off, and this process first electrode 21 only contacts with the second conductive component 262, the second 24, electrode
Contacting with the first conductive component 231, friction generator externally exports electric current and flows to from the first electrode 21
Second electrode 24, i.e. flows to the first conductive component 231 from the second conductive component 262 through external resistance,
And be electrically connected contact B owing to the first conductive component 231 and the second conductive component 261 have common second,
First conductive component 232 and the second conductive component 262 have common first and are electrically connected contact A, therefore exist
During this, electric current flows to second be electrically connected contact B from the first contact A that is electrically connected.
In the sliding process of 180 ° to 360 °, the first friction member 22 is from the second friction member 25
Surface slides into, and this process first electrode 21 only contacts with the second conductive component 261, the second electrode 24
Only contacting with the first conductive component 232, friction generator externally exports electric current and flows from the second electrode 24
The second conductive part is flowed to from the first conductive component 231 through external resistance to the first electrode 21, i.e. electric current
Part 261, therefore electric current still flows to second through external resistance be electrically connected contact B from the first contact A that is electrically connected,
It is achieved thereby that sliding friction electromotor reversely exports the polarity inversion of electric current.
Fig. 9 shows the revolving frictional generator structure exporting constant current in fourth embodiment of the invention
Figure.In this embodiment, the structure of revolving frictional generator is substantially the same with the 3rd embodiment.Such as Fig. 9
Shown in, this revolving frictional generator includes the first friction member and the second friction member, and the first friction member includes
Two the first sub-friction members, the second friction member includes two the second sub-friction members, and said two first
Sub-friction member size invariant position identical, relative and interval are uniform, the size of multiple second sub-friction members
Invariant position identical, relative and interval uniformly, and the sub-friction member of said two first and said two the
Two sub-friction member respectively cross sections are the column structure of quadrant ring.Each described first son rubs
Wipe on the inner surface of the outer surface of part and the second sub-friction member contact respectively be provided with the first sub-electrode and
Second sub-electrode, and the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode to be also its cross section be quadrant ring
Column structure.First end of each first sub-friction member and the second end are provided with a pair first and lead
Electricity parts, the first end and second end of each second sub-friction member are provided with a pair second conductive parts
Part.All the first conductive components being positioned at first sub-friction member the first end and be positioned at the second sub-friction member
Second conductive component of the second end is electrically connected to first by wire and is electrically connected contact A, all is positioned at
First conductive component of one sub-friction member the second end and be positioned at the of second sub-friction member the second end
Two conductive components are electrically connected to second by wire and are electrically connected contact B.
First sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member quantity are corresponding with size consistent, and in sliding process
The inner surface of each first sub-friction member and the outer surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION of one of them the second sub-friction member；
It is positioned at a beginning in a pair first conductive components of first sub-friction member the first end and the second end
Eventually with and the inner surface of the second sub-friction member of this first sub-friction member CONTACT WITH FRICTION arrange second sub
Electrode contact, is positioned in a pair second conductive components of second sub-friction member the first end and the second end
One all the time with and this second sub-friction member CONTACT WITH FRICTION the first sub-friction member outer surface arrange
The first sub-electrode contact, and simultaneously with the first conductive component and first son of the second sub-electrode electrical contact
The contact that is electrically connected that second conductive component of electrode electrical contact is connected is different.Wherein, described first son rubs
Wipe part and the first end of the second sub-friction member and the second end for contacting with each other in sliding process or
When being separated from each other, contact or finally separated end at first.In other embodiments of the invention,
The height of one sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member can be the same or different.
In above-mentioned revolving frictional generator structure, the quantity of the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member is also
It is not limited to two, it is also possible to be multiple.I.e. first friction member and the second friction member include multiple respectively
One sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member, and multiple first sub-friction member size position identical, relative is not
Becoming and interval is uniform, size invariant position identical, relative and the interval of multiple second sub-friction members are uniform,
And the plurality of first sub-friction member and the plurality of second sub-friction member common combination respectively constitute same
Heart plane semicircular ring structure.
Similarly, in 0 ° to 90 ° and the sliding process of 180 ° to 270 °, the first son friction
Part skids off from the surface of the second sub-friction member, this process first sub-electrode only be connected to first and electrically connect
The second conductive component contact of some A, the second sub-electrode only be connected to second and be electrically connected the of contact B
One conductive component contact, friction generator externally exports electric current and flows to the second electrode from the first electrode, electricity
Flow and flow to second be electrically connected contact B from the first contact A that is electrically connected.
In 90 ° to 180 ° and the sliding process of 270 ° to 360 °, the first sub-friction member is from
The surface of two sub-friction members slides into, this process first electrode only be connected to second and be electrically connected the of contact B
Two conductive components contacts, the second electrode only be connected to the first the first conductive component being electrically connected contact A and connect
Touching, friction generator externally exports electric current and flows to the first electrode from the second electrode, and therefore electric current is still from the
The one contact A that is electrically connected flows to second through external resistance and is electrically connected contact B, it is achieved thereby that sliding friction is sent out
Motor reversely exports the polarity inversion of electric current.
Wherein, the first friction member and the second friction member can be respectively adopted insulating material, quasiconductor material
In material and metal material any two kinds.The material of friction member has multiple choices:
Insulating material, such as conventional high molecular polymer all has triboelectric characteristics, all can make
For the preparation present invention the first friction member, the material of the second friction member, enumerate some conventional high scores herein
Sub-polymeric material: politef, polydimethylsiloxane, Kapton, aniline formaldehyde
Resin film, polyformaldehyde thin film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde are thin
Film, Polyethylene Glycol succinate thin film, cellulose membrane, cellulose acetate film, polyadipate
Glycol ester thin film, polydiallyl phthalate thin film, regenerated fiber sponge films, polyurethane
Elastomer thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer thin film, artificial fibre
Dimension thin film, poly-methyl thin film, methacrylic acid ester film, polyvinyl alcohol film, mylar, poly-
Isobutene. thin film, polyurethane flexible sponge films, pet film, polyethylene
Butyral thin film, phenolic resin thin film, neoprene thin film, butadiene-propylene copolymer thin film,
Natural rubber films, polyacrylonitrile thin film, poly-(vinylidene chloride-co-acrylonitrile) thin film or polyethylene the third two
Phenol carbonate thin film, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, Merlon or liquid crystal polymer are poly-
Compound, polychlorobutadiene, polyacrylonitrile, poly bis phenol carbonate, CPPG, polyvinylidene chloride,
Polyethylene, polypropylene, polrvinyl chloride.Reason as space is limited, can not be to all possible material
Carry out exhaustive, the most only list several concrete polymeric material and supply technical staff's reference, but it is clear that
These concrete materials can not become the restrictive factor of scope, because in the present invention
Under the enlightenment of technical scheme, the triboelectric characteristics that those skilled in the art is had according to these materials
It is easy to select other similar materials.
The triboelectric characteristics easily losing electronics it is respectively provided with relative to insulator, quasiconductor and metal.Cause
This, quasiconductor and metal can also be as preparing the first friction member, the raw material of the second friction member.Conventional
Quasiconductor include: silicon, germanium；Ii I and group V compound, such as GaAs, gallium phosphide etc.；
Ii and group vi compound, such as cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide etc.；And by III-V and II
The solid solution of-VI compounds of group composition, such as gallium aluminum arsenide, gallium arsenic phosphide etc..In addition to above-mentioned Crystalline Semiconductors,
Also have amorphous glass semiconductor, organic semiconductor etc..Non-conductive oxide, semiconductor oxide
Thing and complex oxide also have triboelectric characteristics, it is possible to form surface charge at friction process, therefore
May also be used for the frictional layer as the present invention, such as the oxide of manganese, chromium, ferrum, copper, also includes
Silicon oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, ferrum oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, BiO2 and Y2O3；Often
Metal include gold, silver, platinum, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and by above-mentioned metal shape
The alloy become.It is, of course, also possible to use other materials with conductive characteristic to serve as easily lose electronics
Frictional layer material, such as indium tin oxide ITO.
First electrode and the second electrode need have good with the first friction member and the second friction member respectively
Contact, to ensure the output performance of electromotor, can use in friction member surface deposition of electrode material
On the surface of friction member, contact arranges electrode to method, it is also possible to prepares friction member at electrode surface and realizes electricity
Pole contacts with the surface of friction member.Conventional electrode material can be selected from conventional electrode material, such as
The conductive material such as metal or conductive oxide.Metal include gold, silver, platinum, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium,
Chromium or selenium, and the alloy formed by above-mentioned metal, conductive oxide such as indium tin oxide ITO etc..
In other embodiments of the invention, the shape of the first friction member and the second friction member can also have
Other select, as long as ensureing during the sliding friction of the first friction member and the second friction member, and contact
Area at the uniform velocity changes, and diminish the same of (or contact area minimum time-varying is big) when contact area maximum
Time, make the sense of current in external circuit the most constant with size by conductive component commutation.
Particular embodiments described above, is carried out the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Further describe it should be understood that the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention,
Be not limited to the present invention, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of being made,
Equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (24)
1. export a revolving frictional generator for constant current, comprising:
First friction member, including at least one the first sub-friction member, each described first sub-friction member
One surface contact is provided with the first sub-electrode；
With each described first sub-friction member relative to a pair first conductive components of invariant position, distinguish position
The first end and the second end in the first sub-friction member；
Second friction member, including the second sub-friction member with described first sub-friction member equal amount, often
One surface contact of individual described second sub-friction member is provided with the second sub-electrode；
With each described second sub-friction member relative to a pair second conductive components of invariant position, distinguish position
The first end and the second end in the second sub-friction member；
Wherein, all the first conductive components being positioned at first sub-friction member the first end are positioned at the with all
Second conductive component of two sub-friction member the first ends is electrically coupled together as first and is electrically connected contact；Institute
The first conductive component being positioned at first sub-friction member the second end is had to be positioned at the second sub-friction member with all
Second conductive component of the second end is electrically coupled together as second and is electrically connected contact；
Another surface of described first sub-friction member can another surface of relative second sub-friction member exist
Do at the uniform velocity Frictional Slipping clockwise or counterclockwise direction；Sliding process in described at the uniform velocity Frictional Slipping
In, in every pair of described first conductive component makes electrical contact with the second sub-electrode all the time, described in every pair
In second conductive component one makes electrical contact with the first sub-electrode all the time, and simultaneously electric with the second sub-electrode
What the second conductive component of the first conductive component of contact and the electrical contact of the first sub-electrode was connected is electrically connected
Contact is different so that in this sliding process, and first contact and second that is electrically connected is electrically connected between contact all the time
Produce constant electric current.
2. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described first son
Friction member and the second sub-friction member the most only include one, and are concentric plane semicircular ring structure.
3. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described first son
The inner surface contact of friction member and the second sub-friction member is arranged, the inner surface of the first sub-electrode and the first son
The contact of friction member outer surface is arranged, the inner surface of described second sub-electrode and the appearance of the second sub-friction member
Face contact is arranged.
4. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described first son
Friction member and the second sub-friction member include multiple, and multiple first sub-friction member size is identical, phase para-position
Put constant and interval is uniform, the size invariant position identical, relative of multiple second sub-friction members and interval
Uniformly, and the plurality of first sub-friction member and the plurality of second sub-friction member respectively common combination structure
Concentrically plane semicircular ring structure.
5. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that each described the
The inner surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION all the time of in one sub-friction member and the plurality of second sub-friction member, the
One sub-electrode is arranged on the outer surface of the first sub-friction member, and the second sub-electrode is arranged on the second sub-friction member
Outer surface.
6. the revolving frictional generator as described in claim 3 or 5, it is characterised in that described often
In first conductive component one is made electrical contact with the second sub-electrode inner surface or outer surface all the time；Described
In every pair of first conductive component one makes electrical contact with the first sub-electrode inner surface or outer surface all the time.
7. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described first son
Friction member and the second sub-friction member the most only include one, and be cross section be concentric semicircles ring column knot
Structure.
8. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described first son
The inner surface of friction member and the outer surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION of described second sub-friction member, the first sub-electrode is arranged
At the outer surface of the first sub-friction member, the second sub-electrode is arranged on the one portion of the second sub-friction member
The inner surface divided.
9. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described first son
Friction member and the second sub-friction member include multiple respectively, and the plurality of first sub-friction member size is identical,
Invariant position and interval relatively is uniform, and the plurality of second sub-friction member size position identical, relative is not
Become and interval is uniform；The plurality of first sub-friction member and multiple second sub-friction member common combination respectively
Constitute the column structure that cross section is concentric semicircles ring.
10. revolving frictional generator as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that each described the
The outer surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION of in the inner surface of one sub-friction member and multiple second sub-friction member, the
One sub-electrode is arranged on the outer surface of the first sub-friction member, and the second sub-electrode is arranged on the second sub-friction member
Inner surface.
11. revolving frictional generators as described in claim 8 or 10, it is characterised in that described
In every pair of first conductive component one makes electrical contact with the second sub-electrode outer surface or inner surface all the time；Institute
State in every pair of second conductive component to make electrical contact with the first sub-electrode inner surface or outer surface all the time.
12. revolving frictional generators as described in claim 1-5, any one of 7-10, its feature exists
All the time flow to second and be electrically connected contact from first contact that is electrically connected in, electric current.
13. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that electric current all the time from
First contact that is electrically connected flows to second and is electrically connected contact.
14. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that electric current is all the time
Flow to second be electrically connected contact from first contact that is electrically connected.
15. revolving frictional generators as described in claim 1-5, any one of 7-10, its feature exists
The material using two kinds of electronegativity different in, the first sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member is made.
16. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the first son friction
The material that part and the second sub-friction member use two kinds of electronegativity different is made.
17. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that the first son rubs
Wipe the material that part and the second sub-friction member use two kinds of electronegativity different to make.
18. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 15, it is characterised in that the first son rubs
It is any one that wiping part and the second sub-friction member are respectively adopted in insulating material, semi-conducting material or metal
Plant and make.
19. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 16, it is characterised in that described first
Sub-friction member and the second sub-friction member use macromolecule polymer material to make.
20. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 18, it is characterised in that described partly lead
Body material includes Crystalline Semiconductors material, amorphous glass semi-conducting material, organic semiconducting materials.
21. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 18, it is characterised in that described metal
The alloy formed including gold, silver, platinum, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium and aforementioned any metal thereof.
22. claim 1-5,7-10,14, revolving frictional generator as described in any one of 16-17,
It is characterized in that, described first conductive component and/or the second conductive component are brush.
23. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described first leads
Electricity parts and/or the second conductive component are brush.
24. revolving frictional generators as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that described first
Conductive component and/or the second conductive component are brush.
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| CN105048860B (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2017-07-18 | 江苏大学 | A kind of TRT of direct current friction electricity |
| CN107431447B (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2020-05-19 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Energy generation system and method |
| WO2016156180A1 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-10-06 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Triboelectric energy generator |
| CN108141151B (en) | 2015-10-05 | 2021-06-29 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Energy conversion system and method |
| CN109082714A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-12-25 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Electrostatic spinning system and electrospinning process |
| CN108768203B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2024-04-09 | 清华大学 | Three-dimensional annular friction power generation device |
| CN109194185B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-12-03 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of spin friction power generator exporting unidirectional current |
| WO2020098280A1 (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-22 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Friction nanogenerator, and self-driven vector and direction sensors, and system thereof |
| CN110460261B (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-05-25 | 东华大学 | Gear meshing structure direct-current rotation friction nanometer power generation device |
| CN111049419B (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-12-29 | 闽江学院 | Hemispherical friction nano generator capable of collecting water energy in all directions |
| CN112054711B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-10-29 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Mechanical rectification type friction nano power generation device |
| CN114509094B (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2023-06-06 | 清华大学 | V-belt detection device and generator |
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