CN104775444A - Soil site dewatering and drainage method for protecting archaeological site in humid environment - Google Patents
Soil site dewatering and drainage method for protecting archaeological site in humid environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN104775444A CN104775444A CN201510160555.7A CN201510160555A CN104775444A CN 104775444 A CN104775444 A CN 104775444A CN 201510160555 A CN201510160555 A CN 201510160555A CN 104775444 A CN104775444 A CN 104775444A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil site dewatering and drainage method for protecting an archaeological site in humid environment. The method comprises the following steps that 1, 1.0m is outwards expanded at the explored peripheral side line of a region requiring archaeological excavation for forming an original state soil separation wall; 2, a sand filling water guide drainage ditch is dug around the separation wall, and a water guide passage easy to underground water flow seepage is formed; 3, the sand filling water guide drainage ditch is provided with a water extraction well; 4, water in the water collecting well is dredged in time. The soil site dewatering and drainage method aims at solving the problem of underground water discharge difficulty in the archaeological site in the cohesive soil region, and adopts a method of building the manual sand filling water guide drainage ditch on the periphery of the archaeological exploration part and building a water collecting well in the sand filling drainage ditch. In-site simulation experiments prove that the method has the advantages that underground water in cohesive soil can be discharged, and in addition, the capillary water movement can be blocked, so that the underground water level can be effectively controlled, the archaeological exploration part water seepage is prevented and controlled, and the smooth proceeding of the archaeological work is ensured. The method can also be used for protecting the archaeological site in humid environment shallow underground-water-bearing regions and preventing and controlling the water seepage in an exhibition hall. The goals of controlling the underground water around the archaeological site regions and preventing and controlling the seepage of the underground water into archaeological pits are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the process of underground water, specifically refer to a kind of method for cohesive soil area protection archeological site earthen ruins Yield rainfall relation.
Background technology
In downstream and the areas to the south thereof of China Yangtze river basin, social development is with a long history, and mankind's activity leaves numerous traces, these regional Characteristics of Natural Environments are that atmospheric precipitation amount is abundant, and rivers and lakes are grown, and water resource is enriched, Groundwater buried depth is shallow, and soil is based on the cohesive soil of fluviolacustrine deposit.When archaeological excavation is carried out in these areas, about cutting depth 1.0m will suffer the interference of seepage in underground, even causes floods time serious, causes archaeological excavation to be difficult to carry out.The way that first people expect for this reason is that draining is on one side excavated on one side in archaeology is digged pit, but often makes excavation hole become mud pit like this, not only increases the difficulty of archaeological excavation, and causes damage to earthen ruins historical relic, lose much valuable information.People also just think and adopt the way excavating well-digging draining around spy side to carry out dewatering, but, the weak water permeability feature on cohesive soil stratum, well-digging draining is not prove effective, be exactly that the length of side stamps 8 wells around the spy side of 5m, can not controlling groundwater level, underground water in gummy formation can not be stoped slowly to ooze out in spy side.Visible, the infiltration in control archaeological excavation hole is the major issue that wet environment cohesive soil area archeological site faces.
The technical method of the underground water of current domestic existing control archeological site and ruins exhibition hall mainly contains waterwall method, water proof gallery method, arch method and the drainage that draws water.
Waterwall method: be build underground waterproof water barrier in each face of surrounding of explored archaeology spy side, attempt to cut off the underground water of ruins surrounding to ruins internal penetration with waterproof water barrier.Waterwall method adopts curtain grouting or cement barricade to intercept the infiltration of underground water usually, has good barrier effect, but can not stop the motion of unsaturated water to the infiltration of gravity water.Cohesive soil stratum itself belongs to water proof stratum, and transmission coefficient is less than 10
-7cm/s(Nanjing large Bao en Temple cohesive soil transmission coefficient is 7.40 × 10
-7cm/s, ruins district of Dongshan village, Zhangjiagang cohesive soil transmission coefficient average out to 2.67 × 10
-8cm/s), suitable with the permeability of cement anti-seepage wall.Visible, waterwall is set in the cohesive soil stratum of water proof own and there is no need, put off until some time later in cohesive soil and carry out curtain grouting and also cannot implement.
Water proof gallery method: water proof gallery and waterwall are all to stop the infiltration of side moisture to build underground waterproof water barrier in ruins surrounding.What water proof gallery method was different from waterwall method is that two-layer waterproof water barrier has all been built in water proof gallery method each face of surrounding in ruins, and between two-layer waterproof water barrier, add insulating space and install ventilation equipment additional, waterproof water proof efficiency is strengthened with this, and convenient maintenance.Water proof gallery method can intercept groundwater seepage, but owing to defining differential water pressures inside and outside water barrier, underground water is infiltrated in archaeology spy side from bottom to top from obstruct wall bottom, is namely formed around dam seepage flow.Infiltration in archaeology test pit is still existed, and the ruins soil body is still moist.In addition, waterwall and water proof gallery start a leak when constructing or aging for a long time after all easily lose water proof effect, and these two kinds of methods maintenance difficulty are large.
Arch method: the major measure that arch method is taked builds waterproof water barrier to block underground water in each face of ruins and groundwater contacts, take the tunnel construction method in mining industry by built on stilts for ruins entirety, build complete arch construction (namely constructing waterproof water barrier) in the bottom of the built on stilts ruins soil body and surrounding, the destruction problem of underground water to archaeology spy side 1 can be solved preferably.But the slope stability in ruins is destroyed very large in work progress, also very large on the former condition complexion impact in ruins after construction; Meanwhile, arch method operating difficulties, costly, is difficult to operation when groundwater level is higher, is also easy to lose effect when structure is leaky.
Draw water drainage: specific practice around explored ruins, original soil layer is directly dug a well, and puts into the water pump that device for controlling water level is housed in well, and discharge of just drawing water when water level reach a certain height, reaches the object initiatively reducing groundwater level.The drainage that draws water is suitable for the good stratum of permeance property.Due to cohesive soil poor permeability, the flowing of water is based on capillary water motion, and well-digging method of drawing water can not discharge wherein contained underground water at all, does not reach the object controlling ruins district groundwater level.
Summary of the invention
For the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists; the present invention is according to the hydrophysical property of cohesive soil and seepage action of ground water theory; devise a kind of method for wet environment protection archeological site earthen ruins Yield rainfall relation, this method can cut off capillary water migration again can water guide draining, make the weak infiltration movement transition in cohesive soil become the facility of gravity water seepage flow smoothly.Like this, the defect that above-mentioned water proof technology exists can be avoided, effectively can solve again the wet environment cohesive soil area infiltration difficult problem that faces of archaeology test pit, thus containment or eliminate infiltration to the impact of archaeological work and the harm that causes ruins, to ensure ruins historical relic safety.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of wet environment archeological site earthen ruins that is used for protects Yield rainfall relation method, the steps include:
(1) in the cohesive soil area of Groundwater buried depth shallow (< 2.0m), hydrogeologic prospecting being carried out to the ancient site verifying archaeology spy side 1, investigates thoroughly water level and the flow direction of underground water, determining for controlling groundwater level height according to ruins buried depth;
(2) be undisturbed soil partition wall in the sideline, the archaeology side of spy delimited to extending out 1.0m, outside partition wall sideline, excavation width 1.0m, the degree of depth exceed the groove of archaeology spy side projected depth 0.5m, the sand gravel (K >=60m/d) that filling water permeability is good, form back-up sand gutter, close on ground 0.2m and fill out original state argillic horizon;
(3) in back-up sand gutter 3, excavate collecting well, hole diameter is 0.3m, and the degree of depth of collecting well will exceed 0.5m bottom back-up sand gutter, lower than the archaeology dark 1.0m in the end, spy side;
(4) the water pump with water level controller and other facility that draws water are installed in collecting well, pumping conduit is installed, ensure that draining of drawing water is smooth and easy.
The beneficial effect of advantage of the present invention and generation:
The present invention uses hydrogeology principle and seepage theory, lays sandy gravel stratum (K>=5.18 × 10 that permeance property is good in cohesive soil water bearing ground
8cm/s), much larger than the coefficient of permeability K on cohesive soil stratum about 10
-6~ 10
-8the cm/s order of magnitude, specific yield μ < 0.001.Visit excavation outside quartered sideline at archaeology and construct back-up sand drainage channel, collect and dredge the water yield contained in cohesive soil, and the diving be equipped with in collecting well pump drainage back-up sand ditch, thus reduce the groundwater table of archaeology spy side periphery viscous soil horizon, eliminate the harm that Groundwater infiltration archaeology test pit causes, ensure ruins historical relic safety.
Key problem in technology point of the present invention is:
(1) change traditional water proof to intercept water the mode of thinking of control infiltration, the hydrophobic water guide draining of reverse design prevents and treats the new method of infiltration.(1) the method for traditional eliminating influence on groundwater is drained with artificial or machinery by the water infiltrated in archaeology spy side or hole, ruins, has passivity, have impact to archaeological work, have infringement to ruins historical relic.The present invention got rid of before underground water is about to infiltrate archaeology spy side and tunnel, ruins, had initiative, did not affect archaeological work, do not damage ruins historical relic.
(2) lay back-up sand gutter around archaeology spy side or ruins, near surface 20cm covers undisturbed soil, does not change and recovers original landforms.
(3) propose concrete regulation, that is: width 1.0m ~ 1.2m to the determination of the structure in back-up sand gutter and width, the degree of depth, the degree of depth is not less than 0.5m lower than bottom the archaeology side of spying, and the collecting well degree of depth is lower than 1.0m ~ 1.2m at the bottom of gutter.The permeance property of filling gravel is given and explicitly calls for (K>=5.18 × 10
8cm/s).
(4) back-up sand gutter system is one and builds in the archaeology side of spying and the entity structure of periphery, ruins, can not change ruins and environment original appearance, and structure and operation stability is very well, both can short-period used, also can long-term permanent use.
(5) simple, the construction of stable of application technology principle of the present invention, stay-at-home without the need to technician, operating personnel only need can ensure the normal operation of whole water guide drainage system through simple training.
(6) the present invention both can be used for the shallow archeological site hiding band of cohesive soil area underground water, had the control that may be used for similar regional ruins exhibition hall, museum of ancient ruined site seepage in underground.
(7) the material that back-up sand gutter uses is natural inorganic material, energy-conserving and environment-protective, does not cause any pollution to environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 A-A sectional schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is further described again:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method for wet environment protection archeological site earthen ruins Yield rainfall relation, in the cohesive soil area of Groundwater buried depth shallow (< 2.0m), around the ruins verifying archaeology, first to carry out carrying out hydrogeologic prospecting to the ruins of archaeology, investigate thoroughly water level and the flow direction of underground water, determine to control groundwater level height according to ruins buried depth; Then, be undisturbed soil partition wall 2 in the sideline, archaeology spy side 1 delimited to extending out 1.0m, the effect of partition wall 2 is for ensureing integrality and the mechanical stability in ruins.Outside partition wall 2 sideline, excavation width 1.0m ~ 1.2m, the degree of depth exceed the groove of archaeology spy side 1 projected depth 0.5m, groove flat shape is generally in polygon, coarse sand and granule (general designation sand gravel) is filled in ditch, coarse sand and granule mixing ratio 1:1, sand gravel water permeability K >=60m/d, form back-up sand gutter 3, close on ground 0.2m and fill out original state argillic horizon; Keep the same (as shown in Figure 2) with original ground.At back-up sand gutter 3 config set well 4, collecting well 4 is arranged in the position (archaeology spy side 1 and peripheral gutter flat shape are rectangle usually) at four angles, and the structure of collecting well 4, by pumped well requirement design, installs filter pipe, filter screen, filtrate in well.The degree of depth of collecting well 4 will lower than 0.5m ~ 1.0m bottom back-up sand gutter 3.According to spy side 1 size of usually engaging in archaeological studies, configure 2 ~ 4 collecting wells 4.In collecting well 4, the position (with gutter bottom level) of distance shaft bottom 0.5m ~ 1.0m is installed by the automatic pumping starting drive of water lev el control, with controlling groundwater level all the time below control objectives water level.This is invented in July, 2014, August; pass through in Zhejiang Province's science tour and Techniques of Relics Protection development test base site trial; prove that this technology can the underground water on guide cohesive soil stratum effectively, protection archaeological work is carried out smoothly, ensures ruins historical relic safety.
Claims (1)
1., for a wet environment archeological site earthen ruins protection Yield rainfall relation method, the steps include:
(1) in the cohesive soil area that Groundwater buried depth is shallow, hydrogeologic prospecting is carried out to the ancient site verifying archaeology, investigates thoroughly water level and the flow direction of underground water, determine to control groundwater level height according to ruins buried depth;
(2) be undisturbed soil partition wall (2) in archaeology spy side (1) sideline delimited to extending out 1.0m, outside partition wall (2) sideline, excavation width 1.0m, the degree of depth exceed the groove of archaeology spy side (1) projected depth 0.5m, the sand gravel that filling K >=60m/d water permeability is good, form back-up sand gutter (3), close on ground 0.2m and fill out original state argillic horizon;
(3) excavation collecting well (4) in back-up sand gutter (3), hole diameter is 0.3m, and the degree of depth of collecting well (4) will exceed bottom, back-up sand gutter (3) 0.5m, lower than the archaeology dark 1.0m in (1) end, spy side; The structure of collecting well (4), by pumped well requirement design, installs filter pipe, filter screen, filtrate in well;
(4) install the water pump with water level controller and other facility that draws water in the collecting well (4), install pumping conduit, the draining that ensures to draw water is smooth and easy.
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| CN201510160555.7A CN104775444B (en) | 2015-04-08 | 2015-04-08 | A kind of method for wet environment protection archeological site earthen ruins Yield rainfall relation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109518737A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-26 | 中铁隧道集团三处有限公司 | A kind of construction method that pre-control ultra-deep underground continuous wall seam is permeable |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111733838B (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-05-25 | 王芳 | Archaeology on-site drainage device under humid environment |
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| CN102493429A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-06-13 | 曹传松 | Curing protection method of archaeological excavation site |
| CN202530465U (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2012-11-14 | 孔蕾蕾 | Foundation pit drainage structure |
| CN103628490A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-03-12 | 广东省建工设计院 | Underground water level precision adjustment system on earthen archaeological site |
| NL2012217C2 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-07 | Monument Vandekerckhove | ARCHEOLOGICAL SEAFOOD INSTALLATION AND USE OF SUCH INSTALLATION. |
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2015
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102493429A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-06-13 | 曹传松 | Curing protection method of archaeological excavation site |
| CN202530465U (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2012-11-14 | 孔蕾蕾 | Foundation pit drainage structure |
| NL2012217C2 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-07 | Monument Vandekerckhove | ARCHEOLOGICAL SEAFOOD INSTALLATION AND USE OF SUCH INSTALLATION. |
| CN103628490A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-03-12 | 广东省建工设计院 | Underground water level precision adjustment system on earthen archaeological site |
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| CN109518737A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-26 | 中铁隧道集团三处有限公司 | A kind of construction method that pre-control ultra-deep underground continuous wall seam is permeable |
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