CN104765961A - Rotational grazing method for Tan sheep in grassland - Google Patents
Rotational grazing method for Tan sheep in grassland Download PDFInfo
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- CN104765961A CN104765961A CN201510163016.9A CN201510163016A CN104765961A CN 104765961 A CN104765961 A CN 104765961A CN 201510163016 A CN201510163016 A CN 201510163016A CN 104765961 A CN104765961 A CN 104765961A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rotational grazing method for Tan sheep in a grassland. The rotational grazing method for the Tan sheep in the grassland includes that dividing a natural grassland into a plurality of grazing regions according to the livestock number and natural grassland area at the typical grassland region of the Loess Plateau, and carrying out rotational grazing on a proper number of Tan sheep in different seasons and different time; in order to balance the grass and livestock in all the year, building an artificial grassland or storing a certain number of crop straw to complement the forage grass for the Tan sheep of the Loess Plateau in winter and spring which are lack of forage grass. In the whole grazing process, when the forage grass grows vigorously in some grazing regions, the Tan sheep are grazed in the grazing regions, when the forage grass of the grazing regions is eaten up by the livestock, the Tan sheep are grazed in the other grazing regions, the grazed regions are closed to manage to recover the grazing ability as soon as possible, and that cycle repeats.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of livestock production, be specifically related to the method for a kind of grassland sheep known for its fine thick wool regional rotation grazing.
Background technology
Herding is a kind of traditional Pasture management mode, it is the technology that the mankind utilize substantially to meadow, it comprises a lot of key element, for example time, space and domestic animal, topmost is exactly by pasture stock overall arrangement over time and space, allow domestic animal and meadow combine, under the precondition of meadow sustainable use, reach maximization of economic benefit.
Loess plateau is the place of origin of human society, is also the area of origin of conventional animal husbandry, herds and has deep accumulation in the succession in loess plateau.Loess plateau not only grassland resources is enriched, and domestic animal resource is also numerous in variety, and Continous grazing remains the major way of loess plateau grassland utilization.Mainly there is following defect in traditional loess plateau sheep known for its fine thick wool Continous grazing:
1, Continous grazing sheep known for its fine thick wool, because a large amount of energy of consuming of running to search for food exceedes the energy of picked-up of searching for food, cause sheep known for its fine thick wool malnutritive, Livestock Production power declines;
2, irregular herding causes the vegetation of Steppe to be subject to havoc, can not carry out regrowth, and grass yield declines, and edible forage ratio declines, and poison grass and grow wild, Carrying Capacity of Grassland declines;
3, Continous grazing to meadow interference excessively, causes loess plateau soil erosion aggravation, ecological degeneration;
4, Continous grazing causes household's actions to decline, and animal husbandry economy weakens.
Therefore, be necessary to improve traditional Continous grazing.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide the method for a kind of grassland sheep known for its fine thick wool regional rotation grazing, and it can improve Carrying Capacity of Grassland, makes the economic benefit on meadow reach maximization, and makes Grassland Sustainable Development.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to implement:
A method for grassland sheep known for its fine thick wool regional rotation grazing, it specifically comprises following operation steps:
Step 1: determine grazing period T (unit sky), t rotation grazing cycle (unit sky), flock of sheep number of elements M (unit only), grazing frequency is f, measure the annual herbage hay total production G (units/kg/ha) for the treatment of regional rotation grazing grassland, the ratio k1 of rotation grazing edible herbage and annual herbage hay total production for the first time, the ratio k2 of second time rotation grazing edible herbage and annual herbage hay total production, third time rotation grazing edible herbage and the ratio k3 of annual herbage hay total production, every sheep every day need hay amount g;
Step 2: determine wheel pastoral area and region of intake;
Rotation grazing community number n1=t ÷ d, the number of days of herding in each rotation grazing community when wherein d is first time rotation grazing;
Area S1=(M × g × t) ÷ (G × k1) in wheel pastoral area;
The area s1=S1 ÷ n1 of rotation grazing community;
Need the hay amount S of supply
mend=(T × M × g)-[G × S1 (k1+k2+k3)];
The area S2=S of region of intake
mend÷ G
mend, wherein G
mendfor cradling the annual herbage hay total production on meadow;
The area S=S1+S2 of grazing district;
Step 3: the result processed according to step 2, grassland is drawn the grazing district of getting area S, grazing district is divided into the wheel pastoral area of area S1 and the region of intake of area S2, rotation grazing zoning is divided into n1 rotation grazing community, be that the flock of sheep of M are herded at wheel pastoral area enterprising road wheel by quantity, grazing period T (unit sky), t rotation grazing cycle (unit sky), grazing frequency is f, and the herbage cradled region of intake during second and third rotation grazing cycle carries out supply to flock of sheep.
Grassland is loess plateau.
In technique scheme, according to the feature of loess plateau Steppe vegetation pattern, in conjunction with the grazing behavior of sheep known for its fine thick wool in loess plateau, specify the Grassland Grazing Capacity of loess plateau Steppe, quantity and grazing meadow area is herded according to suitable sheep known for its fine thick wool, carry out the division of rotation grazing community, arrange suitable grazing time, carry out the regional rotation grazing of reasonable science.Utilize the present invention, can Carrying Capacity of Grassland be improved, the economic benefit on meadow can be made to reach maximization, and make Grassland Sustainable Development.
There is following advantage in the present invention:
1, due to can according to the nutritional need of sheep known for its fine thick wool for it provides natural mixing herbage, so can promote that sheep known for its fine thick wool grows;
2, owing to carrying out rotational grazing, so be conducive to growing of herbage according to each grazing district herbage growth situation;
3, best Grazing Periods can be selected, thus make the herbage in grazing ground reach the highest economic yield;
4, owing to determining suitable animal number, so sheep known for its fine thick wool orazing too closely can be prevented the destruction of the hilly and mountainous land in loess plateau, thus the exploitation hill-land resource that can carry out reasonably, in addition, what the present invention adopted is the extent of injury that regional rotation grazing can also reduce wild animal.
Embodiment
In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.Should be appreciated that following word only in order to describe one or more concrete embodiments of the present invention, considered critical is not carried out to the protection domain that the present invention specifically asks.
The present invention is a kind ofly adapted at the method that sheep known for its fine thick wool regional rotation grazing is carried out in Typical Steppe, loess plateau; the method not only can promote loess plateau natural meadow management level; improve local Carrying Capacity of Grassland; increase the income of peasants and herdsmen; deep layer excavates the production potential on meadow; under can also ensureing the prerequisite of meadow Appropriate application, be conducive to the ecologic environment protecting loess plateau, reduce soil erosion.
The concrete operation of the present invention is in Typical Steppe, loess plateau, according to the animal number of peasants and herdsmen and the natural meadow area that has, natural meadow is divided into several grazing districts, in different seasons and time, the sheep known for its fine thick wool of right quantity is carried out rotational grazing.For realizing Forage-Livestock Balance throughout the year, setting up artificial pasture or laying in certain agricultural crop straw, especially at the maize straw in loess plateau, when the fodder grass scarcity of Winter-Spring, it is not enough to be used for the forage grass of supplementary loess plateau sheep known for its fine thick wool.When determining to herd sheep known for its fine thick wool quantity, herding family will determine according to the amount of the utilized herbage of the reality of oneself natural meadow.Herd in process whole, when grazing district herbage growth is vigorous, sheep known for its fine thick wool being put into this grazing district herds foster, in forage grass in this grazing district has been searched for food by domestic animal, sheep known for its fine thick wool is put into other grazing districts to herd, fencing management is carried out in community after herding simultaneously, allows it recover as early as possible to herd potentiality, follow and ring it.
Embodiment 1
Herd local sheep known for its fine thick wool at Huan county of Gansu grassland, drove density is 100/group, is 2 years old wether.Local grassland types is the micro-dry Steppe class of tepor, and constructive species has Stipa bungeana, Artemisia capillaris and shrub lespedeza, and edible forage hay yield is: 600kg/ha.Every sheep is heavy 6kg on average, and according to trophic level, every sheep needs 1.5kg hay every day, and calculating cluster sheep to need hay amount to be every day: 150kg.The setting grazing season is 180 days, first rotation grazing cycle is 60 days, grazing frequency is 3, first time rotation grazing edible forage output accounts for 40% of annual herbage total production, and second time is 30%, and third time is 30%, amount to hay yield to be respectively: 240kg/ha, 180kg/ha, 180kg/ha, then regional rotation grazing planning is as follows:
It is 60 days that first time herds the extended period, herbage demand=150kg/ days × 60 days=9000kg; And primary edible forage output is 240kg/ha, the grassland area therefore needed is: 9000kg ÷ 240kg/ha=37.5ha
The determination of rotation grazing community: herd number of days=60 ÷ 3=20 in rotation grazing number of cells=÷ rotation grazing cycle community; Area=37.5 ÷ 20=1.85 the hectare of every community.
On above-mentioned 37.5 hectares of meadows, when second time is herded, grassland yield is: 180kg/ha*37.5ha=6750kg, can search for food 45 days for flock of sheep, and the output of second time aftergrass, with first time, herds number of days or 45 days.
The number of days of herding total on the meadow of 37.5 hectares of such 100 2 years old wethers is 60+45+45=150 days.And the number of days that should herd is 180 days, also differ from 30 days, amount to herbage 150*30=4500kg, need to cradle to supplement, be the half of total production according to the Regrowth hay yield cradling meadow, namely 300kg, the area cradling meadow therefore needed is 4500/300=15ha, the area 1.85ha of every rotation grazing community, so supplementing community is 15/1.85=8.1, such rotation grazing community add up to 28.1, total area be exactly 37.5+15=52.5ha.
If 52.5ha meadow to be divided into 28 communities, so Land use systems is: first round grazing period 30 days, utilizes 1-20 community, and other 8, cradled when graminous pasture is drawn water, grazing period backward can utilize whole aftergrasses.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; to know in the present invention after contents; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some equal conversion to it and substitute, these convert on an equal basis and substitute and also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a method for grassland sheep known for its fine thick wool regional rotation grazing, it specifically comprises following operation steps:
Step 1: determine grazing period T, rotation grazing cycle t, flock of sheep number of elements M, grazing frequency is f, measure the annual herbage hay total production G treating regional rotation grazing grassland, for the first time the ratio k1 of rotation grazing edible herbage and annual herbage hay total production, the ratio k2 of second time rotation grazing edible herbage and annual herbage hay total production, third time rotation grazing edible herbage and the ratio k3 of annual herbage hay total production, every sheep every day need hay amount g;
Step 2: determine wheel pastoral area and region of intake;
Rotation grazing community number n1=t ÷ d, the number of days of herding in each rotation grazing community when wherein d is first time rotation grazing;
Area S1=(M × g × t) ÷ (G × k1) in wheel pastoral area;
The area s1=S1 ÷ n1 of rotation grazing community;
Need the hay amount S of supply
mend=(T × M × g)-[G × S1 (k1+k2+k3)];
The area S2=S of region of intake
mend÷ G
mend, wherein G
mendfor cradling the annual herbage hay total production on meadow;
The area S=S1+S2 of grazing district;
Step 3: the result processed according to step 2, grassland is drawn the grazing district of getting area S, grazing district is divided into the wheel pastoral area of area S1 and the region of intake of area S2, rotation grazing zoning is divided into n1 rotation grazing community, be that the flock of sheep of M are herded at wheel pastoral area enterprising road wheel by quantity, grazing period T, rotation grazing cycle t, grazing frequency is f, and the herbage cradled region of intake during second and third rotation grazing cycle carries out supply to flock of sheep.
2. the method for grassland according to claim 1 sheep known for its fine thick wool regional rotation grazing, is characterized in that: grassland is loess plateau.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107155615A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-09-15 | 兰州大学 | A kind of method of utilization rye Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding grazing management domestic animals |
| CN109548749A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-02 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of herbage-boenninghausenia sessilicarpa-sheep composite highly effective breeding method |
| CN110286391A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-27 | 国智恒北斗科技集团股份有限公司 | Intelligent grazing management system and application method based on Beidou positioning |
| CN110443423A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-12 | 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 | A kind of regional rotation grazing dynamic optimization method based on Task Assignment Model |
| WO2023036057A1 (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2023-03-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Disaster prediction and proactive mitigation |
| CN116882694A (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-10-13 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | High-frequency rotation grazing method |
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| EP0801894A2 (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1997-10-22 | Maasland N.V. | A construction for automatically milking animals |
| CN203646125U (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2014-06-18 | 百绿国际草业(北京)有限公司 | Rotational grazing pasture and rotational grazing field comprising same |
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2015
- 2015-04-08 CN CN201510163016.9A patent/CN104765961A/en active Pending
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| EP0801894A2 (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1997-10-22 | Maasland N.V. | A construction for automatically milking animals |
| CN203646125U (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2014-06-18 | 百绿国际草业(北京)有限公司 | Rotational grazing pasture and rotational grazing field comprising same |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107155615A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-09-15 | 兰州大学 | A kind of method of utilization rye Jian Kuo pea mixed seeding grazing management domestic animals |
| CN109548749A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-02 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of herbage-boenninghausenia sessilicarpa-sheep composite highly effective breeding method |
| CN110286391A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-27 | 国智恒北斗科技集团股份有限公司 | Intelligent grazing management system and application method based on Beidou positioning |
| CN110443423A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-12 | 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 | A kind of regional rotation grazing dynamic optimization method based on Task Assignment Model |
| WO2023036057A1 (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2023-03-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Disaster prediction and proactive mitigation |
| CN116882694A (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-10-13 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | High-frequency rotation grazing method |
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Application publication date: 20150708 |