CN104756755A - Pleurotus nebrodensis cultivation method - Google Patents
Pleurotus nebrodensis cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104756755A CN104756755A CN201510100980.7A CN201510100980A CN104756755A CN 104756755 A CN104756755 A CN 104756755A CN 201510100980 A CN201510100980 A CN 201510100980A CN 104756755 A CN104756755 A CN 104756755A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pleurotus nebrodensis cultivation method which is the technology using Chinese mushroom tang in the pleurotus nebrodensis cultivation. Compared with the prior art, the pleurotus nebrodensis cultivation method has the advantages as follows: firstly, the Chinese mushroom tang soaking material and the cultivation raw material are mixed and piled for fermenting and promoting beneficial microbial breeding, improving microbial flora in the material, and speeding up catalytic decomposition of the cultivation material; secondly, the fermented cultivation material has high activity beneficial bacterium and active metabolite with facilitating effect to the growth of pleurotus nebrodensis, the hypha growth is vigorous, and the bacterial resistance is strong; thirdly, after harvesting the second batch and the third batch of mushroom, the Chinese mushroom tang soaking liquid is used for performing rejuvenation on hypha, the effect is good, acceleration action is generated to the formation of the primordium of the pleurotus nebrodensis and the growth of the entity, and the biological efficiency of the third batch and the fourth batch of the pleurotus nebrodensis is high; fourthly, manpower, coal and other resources can be saved, and the environment pollution is reduced for meeting low carbon environmental protection concept.
Description
Technical field
A kind of Pleurotus nebrodensis cultivating process of the present invention, is the technology be applied to by mushroom tang in Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Pleuotus nebrodensis Quel, also known as plerotus nebrodensis, is the white mutation of pleurotus eryngii.Its mushroom body colour pool is pure white, meat is fine and smooth, delicious flavour, is rich in protein 14.7%, fat 4.31%, raw fiber 15.4%, and total amino acid content is 10.6%, and containing various trace elements.Particularly the fungi polysaccharide isoreactivity material that is rich in of Pleuotus nebrodensis Quel, has enhancing body immunity, regulates the effect of human body physiological equilibrium.Pleuotus nebrodensis Quel is a kind of edible Rare edible fungus all very high with medical value.
The traditional cultivation method of Pleuotus nebrodensis Quel is cured material bag-cultured, and planting material carries out inoculated and cultured after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization, and the contour molecular organic material of the cellulose now in material is degraded, miscellaneous bacteria in material is also killed, therefore, when planting material sends out bacterium, mycelial growth is fast, and living contaminants is few.But along with the significantly rise of the price of labour power and fuel price, grog cultivation cost increases severely, and high-temperature sterilization also causes the loss of planting material nutriment, causes planting material conversion ratio to reduce simultaneously.
Mushroom is famous and precious edible one of the medicinal fungus of holding concurrently in the world, and current China mushroom production accounts for 70% of world's mushroom gross yield, has the equal mushroom culture in the province of more than 70% in China.Because mushroom stems stiffness of foot in children, content of cellulose are higher, palatability is poor, and therefore, mushroom is being eaten raw or in process, the tang of mushroom can remove as offcuts by the producer, causes the mushroom tang accounting for mushroom weight about 30% to become discarded object.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention's mushroom tang soaks expects to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, and do not add insecticide, bactericide during windrow, the planting material after fermentation is directly taped against ridge-up bed cultivation, and the Pleuotus nebrodensis Quel quality of producing is good, output is high.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of Pleurotus nebrodensis cultivating process, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
(1) prepare burden: wood chip 76-80%, soya-bean cake 13-17%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip, soya-bean cake compound uniformly together with mushroom stems slag, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
(3) turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
(4) make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, namely enter mycelia After-mature cultivation and management of producing mushroom;
(5) management of producing mushroom: after the second damp mushroom, the 3rd damp mushroom are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 4-6kg, with rejuvenation mycelia; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
Mushroom tang is applied to the method for Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis by the present invention, and apart from outside explanation, other operating procedure is all undertaken by this area routine techniques.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
1. mushroom tang leachate is full-natural nutritive liquid, containing glucide, amino acid, peptide class, nucleic acid and trace element, bio-hormone also containing abundant species, also the bioactivator do not leached in a large number is had in mushroom stems slag, soak with mushroom tang and expect to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, promote beneficial microbe breeding, improve the microorganism species in material, accelerate the catalytic decomposition of planting material;
2. the planting material after fermentation has high activity beneficial bacterium and active metabolite thereof, has Promotive effect, show as prosperous, the anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability of mycelium growth vigor strong to the growth of Pleuotus nebrodensis Quel mycelia;
3., after the second damp mushroom, the 3rd damp mushroom are gathered, effective with mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, have facilitation to the formation of the former base of Pleuotus nebrodensis Quel and the growth of fruit body, the biological transformation ratio of third and fourth damp mushroom is high;
4. save the resource such as manpower, coal, decrease environmental pollution, meet low-carbon environment-friendly theory.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and what do not illustrate in detail in embodiment is all state of the art.
Embodiment 1: a kind of Pleurotus nebrodensis cultivating process, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 78%, soya-bean cake 15%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip through prewetting, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, namely enter mycelia After-mature cultivation and management of producing mushroom;
5. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.02g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 6kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom reaches 61.3%, and total biological efficiency reaches 126.5%.
Embodiment 2: a kind of Pleurotus nebrodensis cultivating process, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 78%, soya-bean cake 15%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip through prewetting, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, namely enter mycelia After-mature cultivation and management of producing mushroom;
5. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 6kg, the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom has been 45.2%, and total biological efficiency is 110.4%.
Embodiment 3: a kind of Pleurotus nebrodensis cultivating process, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 78%, soya-bean cake 15%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then the leachate after removing slag is admixed uniformly in the wood chip through prewetting, soya-bean cake compound, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, namely enter mycelia After-mature cultivation and management of producing mushroom;
5. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.02g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 6kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom reaches 54.6%, and total biological efficiency reaches 115.7%.
Embodiment 4: a kind of Pleurotus nebrodensis cultivating process, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 78%, soya-bean cake 15%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then the leachate after removing slag is admixed uniformly in the wood chip through prewetting, soya-bean cake compound, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, namely enter mycelia After-mature cultivation and management of producing mushroom;
5. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 6kg, the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom has been 43.1%, and total biological efficiency is 104.2%.
table one Pleuotus nebrodensis Quel biological efficiency compares
As can be seen from Table I: the ferment effect utilizing mushroom tang leachate to add than single leachate together with the ferment effect that mushroom stems slag adds is good, and output is high; Leachate is good to the effect of rejuvenation of Pleuotus nebrodensis Quel mycelia, and third and fourth damp mushroom biological efficiency is high, obvious effect of increasing production.
Claims (1)
1. a Pleurotus nebrodensis cultivating process, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, it is characterized in that:
(1) prepare burden: wood chip 76-80%, soya-bean cake 13-17%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip, soya-bean cake compound uniformly together with mushroom stems slag, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
(3) turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
(4) make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, namely enter mycelia After-mature cultivation and management of producing mushroom;
(5) management of producing mushroom: after the second damp mushroom, the 3rd damp mushroom are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 4-6kg; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 李艳莉等: "无公害高温双孢菇生产栽培技术规程", 《中国果菜》 * |
| 王谦等: "以香菇柄为主料固态发酵茯苓菌", 《食品科技》 * |
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Application publication date: 20150708 |