CN104756655B - A kind of fertilizing method for improving alfalfa output - Google Patents
A kind of fertilizing method for improving alfalfa output Download PDFInfo
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- CN104756655B CN104756655B CN201510145478.8A CN201510145478A CN104756655B CN 104756655 B CN104756655 B CN 104756655B CN 201510145478 A CN201510145478 A CN 201510145478A CN 104756655 B CN104756655 B CN 104756655B
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- growth regulator
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- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 241000219823 Medicago Species 0.000 title claims abstract 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 217
- JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-YKALOCIXSA-N (+)-Abscisic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)/C=C(/C)\C=C\[C@@]1(O)C(C)=CC(=O)CC1(C)C JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-YKALOCIXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- FCRACOPGPMPSHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N desoxyabscisic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C(C)C=CC1C(C)=CC(=O)CC1(C)C FCRACOPGPMPSHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- LINPVWIEWJTEEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-chloro-9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylate Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C=C2C(C(=O)OC)(O)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 LINPVWIEWJTEEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 42
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 38
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 38
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 38
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 33
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 21
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 18
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 18
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 18
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
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- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 102100024085 Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase Human genes 0.000 description 6
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical group [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
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- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 4
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- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 4
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L molybdic acid Chemical compound O[Mo](O)(=O)=O VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to alfalfa cultivation field, more particularly to by applying different fertilizer in clover different growing stages to improve the fertilizing method of clover drought-resistance ability.Including：Before clover is sowed, clover turn green when and after clover cradles, top dressing and cradle top dressing containing abscisic acid and whole property element at the same time using the base manure containing gibberellin, turning green containing abscisic acid respectively.The method of the present invention is the growth characteristics and physilogical characteristics according to clover, before being sowed to clover, period of seedling establishment and the fertilizer that different formulations ratio is applied after cradling, supplement the nutritional ingredient needed for clover each growth period, improve quality and yield, and due to application of the plant growth regulator containing abscisic acid to clover, the drought-resistance ability and other anti-adversity abilities that make clover improve.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to alfalfa cultivation field, more particularly to by applying different fertilizer in clover different growing stages to carry
The method of high clover drought-resistance ability.
Background technology
Alfalfa is perennial grass, to be cradled 2-4 times every year, repeatedly cradles and necessarily takes away substantial amounts of nutrition in soil
Element, grass yield is higher, and the nutrition taken away the more, causes continuous loss and the scarcity of soil itself nutrient.In order to meet clover
Normal growth need to supplement soil nutrient to the demand of nutrient by applying fertilizer, to ensure the high yield of clover, stable yields and high-quality.Such as
Fruit soil cannot get effective nutrient supplement, cause nutrient depletion, and not only ALFALFA PRODUCTION potentiality cannot play, but also actual raw
Force of labor can constantly decline.
Much researchs on solving soil nutrient scarcity by the method for fertilising existing at present, but due to alfalfa growing
Different phase needed for nutrition it is different, therefore also not exclusively meet alfalfa growing potentiality in fertilising research of the prior art
Play.
In addition, on the one hand clover be able to can generally be dropped as a kind of herbage by the more deficient region of cultivation to water resource
The cost of the low producer, on the other hand can utilize the rhizobium of clover to improve the soil fertility in the region.Therefore, many producers
The productivity of clover can not only be improved by being expected that by the method for fertilising, moreover it is possible to improve the drought-resistance ability of clover.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly to overcome the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, there is provided one kind can improve clover life
Force of labor again can drought-resistance ability fertilizing method, the present invention is to provide different components according to clover different growing stages for alfalfa ground to match somebody with somebody
The fertilizer of ratio, to improve the productivity of clover and drought-resistance ability, ensures the yield and quality of the clover in water resources shortage region.
To achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of fertilizing method for improving clover drought-resistance ability, including following
Step：
Before clover sowing, alfalfa grasslands, which are applied, includes organic fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer and containing gibberellin
First plant growth regulator, for the base manure for promoting alfalfa seed to germinate；
When clover turns green, being applied to alfalfa grasslands includes organic fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, boron fertilizer, calcareous fertilisers and contains
There is the second plant growth regulator of abscisic acid, for improving the top dressing of turning green of clover drought-resistance ability；
After clover cradles, imposed to alfalfa grasslands including organic fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, calcareous fertilisers and containing de-
Fall the 3rd plant growth regulator of acid and morphactin, for improving clover drought-resistance ability and promoting cradling for clover lateral bud growth
Top dressing.
Wherein, the base manure, turn green top dressing and cradle top dressing component and proportioning it is different.
Wherein, first composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, first micro- fertilizer and the first plant growth regulator containing gibberellin
Weight proportion be：
First composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 490-1500kg
First micro- fertilizer 10-40g
First plant growth regulator 1-30g.
Preferably, first composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, first micro- fertilizer and the first plant growth regulating containing gibberellin
The weight proportion of agent is：
First composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 726-1240kg
First micro- fertilizer 20-30g
First plant growth regulator 5-20g.
It is further preferred that first composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, first micro- fertilizer and the first plant life containing gibberellin
The weight proportion of long conditioning agent is：
First composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 989kg
First micro- fertilizer 22g
First plant growth regulator 15g.
Wherein, first composite organic-inorganic fertilizer includes：
400-1200kg organic fertilizers；
30-80kg urea；
30-100kg phosphate fertilizer；
30-120kg potash fertilizer.
Preferably, first composite organic-inorganic fertilizer includes：
600-1000kg organic fertilizers；
40-60kg urea；
40-80kg phosphate fertilizer；
46-100kg potash fertilizer.
It is further preferred that first composite organic-inorganic fertilizer includes：
800kg organic fertilizers；
49kg urea；
60kg phosphate fertilizer；
80kg potash fertilizer.
Wherein, described first micro- fertilizer is the microelement fertilizer for including 10-40g molydbenum fertilizers.
Preferably, described first micro- fertilizer is the microelement fertilizer for including 20-30g molydbenum fertilizers.
It is further preferred that first micro- fertilizer is the microelement fertilizer for including 22g molydbenum fertilizers.
Wherein, first plant growth regulating is to include the growth regulator of gibberellin, can also include animals and plants egg
The components such as the one or more in white glue, agar, amino acid, the basic element of cell division.
Wherein, the GA content of first plant growth regulating is 30-60wt%, is preferably 40-50wt%, into one
Step is preferably 48wt%.
Wherein, the organic fertilizer of first composite organic-inorganic fertilizer is the organic fertilizer of the content of organic matter >=30wt%.
Wherein, second composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, second micro- fertilizer and the second plant growth regulator containing abscisic acid
Weight proportion be：
Second composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 460-1190kg
Second micro- fertilizer 165-750g
Second plant growth regulator 1-20g.
Preferably, second composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, second micro- fertilizer and the second plant growth regulating containing abscisic acid
The weight proportion of agent is：
Second composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 690-940kg
Second micro- fertilizer 275-508g
Second plant growth regulator 5-15g.
It is further preferred that second composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, second micro- fertilizer and the second plant life containing abscisic acid
The weight proportion of long conditioning agent is：
Second composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 808kg
Second micro- fertilizer 450g
Second plant growth regulator 12g.
Wherein, second composite organic-inorganic fertilizer includes：
400-1000kg organic fertilizers；
30-90kg phosphate fertilizer；
30-100kg potash fertilizer.
Preferably, second composite organic-inorganic fertilizer includes：
600-800kg organic fertilizers；
40-60kg phosphate fertilizer；
50-80kg potash fertilizer.
It is further preferred that second composite organic-inorganic fertilizer includes：
700kg organic fertilizers；
48kg phosphate fertilizer；
60kg potash fertilizer.
Wherein, described second micro- fertilizer is to include 10-30g molydbenum fertilizers, 30-120g boron fertilizers, the microelement fertilizer of 125-600g calcareous fertilisers.
Preferably, described second micro- fertilizer is the micro fertilizer for including 15-25g molydbenum fertilizers, 50-80g boron fertilizers, 210-400g calcareous fertilisers
Material.
It is further preferred that second micro- fertilizer is to include 20g molydbenum fertilizers, 70g boron fertilizers, the microelement fertilizer of 360g calcareous fertilisers.
Wherein, second plant growth regulating is to include the growth regulator of abscisic acid, can also include animals and plants egg
One or more in white glue, gelatine, agar, amino acid, the basic element of cell division.
Wherein, the ABA content of second plant growth regulating is 20-80wt%, is preferably 30-70wt%, into one
Step is preferably 60wt%.
Wherein, the organic fertilizer of second composite organic-inorganic fertilizer is the organic fertilizer of the content of organic matter >=45wt%.
Wherein, urea is not included in the 3rd composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, it is with the 3rd micro- fertilizer and contains abscisic acid and whole
The weight proportion of 3rd plant growth regulator of morph is：
3rd composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 240-1180kg
3rd micro- fertilizer 101-430g
3rd plant growth regulator 1-20g.
Preferably, do not include urea in the 3rd composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, its with the 3rd micro- fertilizer and containing abscisic acid and
The weight proportion of 3rd plant growth regulator of morphactin is：
3rd composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 360-740kg
3rd micro- fertilizer 210-320g
3rd plant growth regulator 5-15g.
It is further preferred that not including urea in the 3rd composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, it is with the 3rd micro- fertilizer and containing de-
The weight proportion of the 3rd plant growth regulator for falling acid and morphactin is：
3rd composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 608kg
3rd micro- fertilizer 365g
3rd plant growth regulator 10g.
Wherein, the 3rd composite organic-inorganic fertilizer includes：
200-1000kg organic fertilizers；
20-80kg phosphate fertilizer；
20-100kg potash fertilizer.
Preferably, the 3rd composite organic-inorganic fertilizer includes：
300-600kg organic fertilizers；
30-60kg phosphate fertilizer；
30-80kg potash fertilizer.
It is further preferred that the 3rd composite organic-inorganic fertilizer includes：
500kg organic fertilizers；
48kg phosphate fertilizer；
60kg potash fertilizer.
Wherein, the 3rd micro- fertilizer is to include 1-30g molydbenum fertilizers, the microelement fertilizer of 100-400g calcareous fertilisers.
Preferably, the 3rd micro- fertilizer is to include 10-20g molydbenum fertilizers, the microelement fertilizer of 200-300g calcareous fertilisers.
It is further preferred that the 3rd micro- fertilizer is to include 15g molydbenum fertilizers, the microelement fertilizer of 350g calcareous fertilisers.
Wherein, the 3rd plant growth regulating is to include the growth regulator of abscisic acid and morphactin, can also be included
One or more in animal/vegetable protein glue, gelatine, agar, amino acid, the basic element of cell division.
Wherein, the ABA content of the 3rd plant growth regulating is 20-70wt%, is preferably 30-60wt%, into one
Step is preferably 50wt%.
Wherein, the content of the morphactin of the 3rd plant growth regulating is 10-20wt%, is preferably 12-17wt%, into
One step is preferably 15wt%.
Wherein, the organic fertilizer of the 3rd composite organic-inorganic fertilizer is the organic fertilizer of the content of organic matter >=45wt%.
Wherein, the nitrogenous fertilizer in the base manure is selected from urea.
Wherein, the phosphate fertilizer in the base manure is selected from calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
It is one or more in hydrogen potassium or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the phosphate fertilizer in the base manure is Diammonium phosphate (DAP).
Wherein, the potash fertilizer in the base manure in potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer one
Kind is a variety of.
Preferably, the potash fertilizer in the base manure is potassium chloride；
Wherein, the one kind of the molydbenum fertilizer in the base manure in ammonium molybdate and sodium molybdate.
Preferably, the molydbenum fertilizer in the base manure is ammonium molybdate.
Wherein, the phosphate fertilizer in the top dressing of turning green is selected from calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), phosphorus
It is one or more in acid dihydride potassium or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the top dressing of turning green is calcium superphosphate or double superhosphate.
Wherein, the potash fertilizer in the top dressing of turning green is in potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer
One or more.
Preferably, the top dressing of turning green is potassium chloride.
Wherein, the one kind of the molydbenum fertilizer in the top dressing of turning green in ammonium molybdate and sodium molybdate.
Preferably, the top dressing of turning green is ammonium molybdate.
Wherein, the one kind of the boron fertilizer in the top dressing of turning green in boric acid or borax.
Preferably, the top dressing of turning green is boric acid.
Wherein, one or more of the calcareous fertilisers in the top dressing of turning green in quick lime, white lime and agstone.
Preferably, the calcareous fertilisers in the top dressing of turning green are selected from quick lime.
Wherein, the phosphate fertilizer cradled in top dressing is selected from calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), phosphorus
It is one or more in acid dihydride potassium or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
It is preferably, described that to cradle top dressing be calcium superphosphate or double superhosphate.
Wherein, the potash fertilizer cradled in top dressing is in potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer
One or more.
It is preferably, described that to cradle top dressing be potassium chloride.
Wherein, the one kind of the molydbenum fertilizer in the top dressing of turning green in ammonium molybdate and sodium molybdate.
It is preferably, described that to cradle top dressing be ammonium molybdate.
Wherein, one or more of the calcareous fertilisers in the top dressing of turning green in quick lime, white lime and agstone.
Preferably, the calcareous fertilisers in the top dressing of turning green are selected from quick lime.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in：The method of the present invention is the growth characteristics and physilogical characteristics according to clover, to lucerne
Before Mu sowing, period of seedling establishment and the fertilizer that different formulations different proportion is applied after cradling, on the one hand supplement clover in different growing stages
Required nutritional ingredient, improves quality and yield, on the other hand due to application of the plant growth regulator containing abscisic acid, makes
The drought-resistance ability of clover and other anti-adversity abilities improve.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments, the advantages and features of the present invention will be with description and
It is apparent.But these embodiments are only exemplary, do not form any restrictions to the scope of the present invention.People in the art
Member it should be understood that without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention can to the details of technical solution of the present invention and form into
Row modifications or substitutions, but these modifications and replacement are each fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Term " organic fertilizer " used in the present invention can be the organic fertilizer that any content of organic matter is more than or equal to 30%；This
Term used in invention " nitrogenous fertilizer " can be any fertilizer containing nitrogen；Can in term used in the present invention " phosphate fertilizer "
To be any fertilizer containing P elements；Term " potash fertilizer " used in the present invention can be any fertilizer containing potassium element；
Term " molydbenum fertilizer " used in the present invention can be any fertilizer containing molybdenum element；Term " boron fertilizer " used in the present invention can
To be any fertilizer containing boron element；" calcareous fertilisers " used in the present invention can be any fertilizer containing calcium constituent.Ability
The technical staff in domain is appreciated that the source of above-mentioned " organic fertilizer ", " nitrogenous fertilizer ", " phosphate fertilizer ", " potash fertilizer ", " boron fertilizer " and " molydbenum fertilizer " not
It is restricted, can be obtained from any possible approach, can is commercially available directly obtain or by prior art side
Method is prepared.According to an embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned " organic fertilizer ", " nitrogenous fertilizer ", " phosphate fertilizer ", " potash fertilizer ", " boron fertilizer " and " molybdenum
Fertilizer " can be directly obtained from commercially available.
Term " the first growth regulator " used in the present invention can be the plant that any GA content is 30-60%
Growth regulator, term " the second growth regulator " used in the present invention can be that any ABA content is 20-80%
Plant growth regulator, term used in this area " the 3rd growth regulator " can be that any ABA content is 20-
70%th, shaping cellulose content is the plant growth regulator of 10-20%.It will be understood to those skilled in the art that above-mentioned " the first life
Long conditioning agent ", " the second growth regulator ", the source of " the 3rd growth regulator " are unrestricted, can be from any possibility
Approach obtain, can commercially available directly obtain or be prepared by art methods.It is real according to the present invention
Apply " the first growth regulator " described in example, " the second growth regulator ", " the 3rd growth regulator " can directly be obtained from commercially available
.
Embodiment 1
Before clover sowing, by the 800kg organic fertilizers weighed, 49kg urea, 60kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), the potassium chloride of 80kg, 22g
Ammonium molybdate and 15g the first plant growth regulator mixed after, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein the first plant growth
The GA content of conditioning agent is 55%.
When clover turns green, by the 700kg organic fertilizers weighed, 48kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), the potassium chloride of 60kg, 20g ammonium molybdate,
After second plant growth regulator of 70g boric acid, 360g lime stones and 10g is mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein the
The content of the abscisic acid of two plant growth regulator is 60%.
After clover cradles, by the 500kg organic fertilizers weighed, 48kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), the potassium chloride of 60kg, 15g ammonium molybdate,
After the 3rd plant growth regulator of 350g lime stones and 10g are mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein the 3rd plant gives birth to
The content of the abscisic acid of long conditioning agent is 50%, the content of morphactin is 15%.
Embodiment 2
Clover sowing before, by the 600kg organic fertilizers weighed, 60kg urea, 80kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 100kg potassium chloride,
After the ammonium molybdate of 30g and the first plant growth regulator of 20g are mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein the first plant
The content of the gibberellin of growth regulator is 50%.
When clover turns green, by the 800kg organic fertilizers weighed, 40kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), the potassium chloride of 50kg, 15g ammonium molybdate,
After second plant growth regulator of 50g boric acid, 600g lime stones and 30g is mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein the
The content of the abscisic acid of two plant growth regulator is 70%.
After clover cradles, by the 600kg organic fertilizers weighed, 30kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), the potassium chloride of 30kg, 10g ammonium molybdate,
After the 3rd plant growth regulator of 400g lime stones and 5g are mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein the 3rd plant gives birth to
The content of the abscisic acid of long conditioning agent is 60%, the content of morphactin is 12%.
Embodiment 3
Clover sowing before, by the 1000kg organic fertilizers weighed, 40kg urea, 40kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 45kg potassium chloride,
After the ammonium molybdate of 20g and the first plant growth regulator of 5g are mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields wherein the first plant in alfalfa grasslands and give birth to
The content of the gibberellin of long conditioning agent is 40%.
When clover turns green, by the 600kg organic fertilizers weighed, 60kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), the potassium chloride of 80kg, 25g ammonium molybdate,
After second plant growth regulator of 80g boric acid, 125g lime stones and 60g is mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein the
The content of the abscisic acid of two plant growth regulator is 30%.
After clover cradles, by the 300kg organic fertilizers weighed, 60kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), the potassium chloride of 80kg, 20g ammonium molybdate,
After the 3rd plant growth regulator of 100g lime stones and 15g are mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein the 3rd plant gives birth to
The content of the abscisic acid of long conditioning agent is 30%, the content of morphactin is 17%.
Embodiment 4
Clover sowing before, by the 400kg organic fertilizers weighed, 80kg urea, 100kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 120kg potassium chloride,
After the ammonium molybdate of 40g and the first plant growth regulator of 30g are mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein the first plant
The content of the gibberellin of growth regulator is 30%.
When clover turns green, by the 1000kg organic fertilizers weighed, 30kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), the potassium chloride of 30kg, 10g molybdic acid
After ammonium, 30g boric acid, the second plant growth regulator of 400g lime stones and 1g are mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein
The content of the abscisic acid of second plant growth regulator is 80%.
After clover cradles, by the 1000kg organic fertilizers weighed, 20kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), the potassium chloride of 20kg, 1g ammonium molybdate,
After the 3rd plant growth regulator of 300g lime stones and 1g are mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein the 3rd plant gives birth to
The content of the abscisic acid of long conditioning agent is 70%, the content of morphactin is 10%.
Embodiment 5
Clover sowing before, by the 1200kg organic fertilizers weighed, 30kg urea, 30kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 30kg potassium chloride,
After the ammonium molybdate of 10g and the first plant growth regulator of 1g are mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein the first plant gives birth to
The content of the gibberellin of long conditioning agent is 60%.
When clover turns green, by the 1000kg organic fertilizers weighed, 30kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), the potassium chloride of 30kg, 10g molybdic acid
After ammonium, 30g boric acid, the second plant growth regulator of 210g lime stones and 1g are mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein
The content of the abscisic acid of second plant growth regulator is 20%.
After clover cradles, by the 200kg organic fertilizers weighed, 80kg Diammonium phosphate (DAP), the potassium chloride of 100kg, 30g molybdic acid
After 3rd plant growth regulator of ammonium, 200g lime stones and 20g is mixed, spread fertilizer over the fields in alfalfa grasslands, wherein first plants
The content of the abscisic acid of thing growth regulator is 50%, the content of morphactin is 20%.
Test example 1
1st, experimental field overview
Test block is located at trial zone and is arranged on Changwu County of Shaanxi Province, belongs to semi-arid region of Loess Plateau, height above sea level 1200m, every year
9.1 DEG C, frost-free period 171d, average annual precipitation 578.5mm of temperature.
Soil is middle loamy texture black mature soil, field capacity 21%~24%, wilting moisture 7%~8%.Table during on-test
Layer soil (0~20cm) content of organic matter 10.5g/kg, full nitrogen 0.80g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 37.0mg/kg, full phosphorus 0.66g/kg,
Rapid available phosphorus 3.0mg/kg, available potassium 129.3mg/kg, pH8.3.
2nd, experimental cultivar
Local farm variety Central Shanxi Plain alfalfa (Medicagosativ a L.cv.Guanzhang).
3rd, test process
Experiment sets 5 test groups altogether, and 2 control groups, amount to 7 processing, each handle 3 repetitions, amount to 21 cells,
Test process is as shown in table 1：
The test process table of comparisons
| Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 | Test group 5 | Control 1 | Control 2 | |
| Processing | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Commercially available Special fertilizer of alfalfa | Do not apply fertilizer |
4th, test method
Alfalfa grasslands are carried out with site preparation, watering, before clover is sowed, period of seedling establishment and after cradling respectively according to the processing table of comparisons
Fertilizer is applied to 21 cells, three representative sampling points are selected using large area diagonally opposing corner sampling point back-and-forth method, use 1m
The sample prescription frame of × 1m cradles clover flush with ground therein, measures its fresh weight, and therefrom extracts intact plant about 200 ± 20g and make
For sample 1.Sample 1 is placed in paper bag in 105 DEG C of baking ovens the 10min that finishes, is dried to constant weight afterwards under 65 DEG C of constant temperatures,
Measure herbage moisture content measures the drought-resistance ability of alfalfa plants to calculate dry matter production with it, measures the result such as institute of table 2
Show.
Wherein, the measure of the drought-resistance ability of sample 1 is real by Beijing agricultural and forest science institute plant nutrient and the Study on Resources institute center
Test room to undertake, testing index includes leaf water saturation deficit value (WSD), beet alkali content, betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH)
Activity value, POD values and ABA content (ABA).
Wherein, the measure of the leaf water saturation deficit value (WSD), including by the fresh weight measured (Wf), saturation
Fresh weight (Wt) and dry weight (Wd), substitute into formulaIn, calculate and obtain leaf water saturation deficit value (WSD).
Wherein, the measure of the beet alkali content includes a) extracting and purifying：2g blades are taken, add 10ml extracting solution (first
Alcohol: chloroform: water=12: 5: 3) ground in mortar.Homogenate keeps the temperature 10min in 60~70 DEG C of water-baths, after cooling, in 20 DEG C
Lower 1000g centrifuges 10min, collects water phase.Chloroform is added to 10ml extracting solutions, vibrates repeatedly, and centrifugation, takes upper strata aqueous phase.Lower floor
Chloroform is added to the methanol aqueous solution of 4ml 50%, is extracted, centrifugation, phase of fetching water.Upper strata aqueous phase is merged, is adjusted to pH 5
~7, after 70 DEG C are evaporated, carry out abstraction purification.B) abstraction purification：The residue being evaporated is dissolved in 10ml ether: in HCl (1: 1)
(concentration of HCl is 0.1mol/l), in separatory funnel stratification, mutually collects respectively up and down.Water is mutually placed in separatory funnel, is added
10ml ether, then extract, lower water phase is discarded, upper strata ether phase is mutually merged with last time ether, separatory funnel is placed in and adds 10mlHCl
(0.1mol/l) is extracted 4 times, is merged lower water phase and is evaporated.Residue dissolves in 5 ml of water, to be measured.C) standard curve making：
(1) standard curve of glycine betaine:The QACs of the titer 0.5ml additions 0.2ml of each concentration sinks in the range of 10~400 μ g/ml
Shallow lake solution (15.7g I2 and 20g KI are dissolved in 100ml 1mol/lHCl), rapid oscillation, is placed in 0 DEG C of reaction 1.5h, Intermittent Earthquake
Swing.Add the distilled water of 0 DEG C of precooling rapidly after reaction, concussion, adds the dichloroethanes 20ml through 10 DEG C of precoolings, at 4 DEG C
Acutely vibration 5min, stands completely separable to two-phase, recovers to room temperature, removes and mutually surveys O D365.(2) standard curve of choline:
Ibid, but reaction reagent with choline precipitation solution, (15.7g I2 and 20g KI are dissolved in 100ml 0.4mol/l pH8.0's
KH2PO4- NaO H buffer solutions) substitution.D) sample measures：Quaternary ammonium compound and choline are measured respectively by normal line production method
Amount.Quaternary ammonium compound content subtracts the content that content of choline obtains glycine betaine.
Wherein, the measure of the BADH activity values includes the extraction of a) enzyme：2g blades are taken, add 4ml enzyme Extraction buffers
(100mmol/l Tricine-KOH, pH=8.5,2mmol/l EDT A, 2mmol/l DTT, 0.6mol/l sucrose) is ground, mistake
Filter, centrifugation, gained supernatant repeated centrifugation once, collect supernatant, add the sulfate of ammoniac that saturation degree is 50%~60%, obtain
Precipitation with enzyme buffer suspension liquid (10mmo l/l Tris-HCl, pH 7.8,1mmol/l DDT, 10% glycerine) dissolve, and
Dialysis removes sulfate of ammoniac up to enzyme extract in the solution.B) enzyme assay takes 0.95ml reactions slow in 1ml reaction systems
Fliud flushing (100mmol/l Tris-HCl, pH 8.0,0.5mmol/l N AD+, 5mmol/lDTT), adds 0.05ml enzyme solutions,
The change of the value of 340nm is measured immediately.Enzymatic activity as it is per minute be converted into 1nmol N ADH needed for enzyme amount be an activity
Unit calculates.
Wherein, POD determinations of activity use guaiacol determination of color.
Wherein, the ABA contents are measured using enzyme-linked immunization.
2 clover performance indicator of table
Leaf water saturation deficit (WSD) is the characterization of blade water holding capacity, and the embodiment for degree of suffering from drought in plant；
Glycine betaine is a kind of important osmotic adjustment that plant accumulates under water stress, is the effective of leaf photosynthesis system II
Protective agent, can weaken the degraded of 1,5 diphosphoribulose carboxylases under osmotic stress, improve superoxide dismutase, peroxidating
The activity of the cytoprotection enzyme such as thing enzyme, in many plants beet alkali content increase with the increase of water stress intensity；BADH
It is the key enzyme of glycine betaine biosynthesis, and activity is higher under water stress；The increase of ABA contents can be effectively promoted stomata
Close, increase film is conducive to the moisture absorption of root, plant is kept preferable moisture shape under water stress to the permeability of water
Condition.
Result of the invention as shown in Table 2 understands, the alfalfa plants test group 1~5 planted using the method for the present invention
Leaf water saturation deficit value (WSD), the activity of betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH), beet alkali content and ABA content are all high
In control, it is seen that the drought-resistance ability of alfalfa plant due to control, use the method for the present invention plant alfalfa plants yield
Higher than control, there is significant substantial advance.
Although above-mentioned elaborate the present invention, but not limited to this, those skilled in the art can basis
The principle of the present invention is modified, and therefore, the various modifications that all principles according to the invention carry out all should be understood to fall into this
The protection domain of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fertilizing method for improving alfalfa output, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Before clover sowing, alfalfa grasslands, which are applied, includes the first composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, first micro- fertile and containing gibberellin the
One plant growth regulator, for the base manure for promoting alfalfa seed to germinate；
When clover turns green, being applied to alfalfa grasslands includes organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the second composite organic-inorganic fertilizer of potash fertilizer, second micro-
Fertilizer and the second plant growth regulator containing abscisic acid, for improving the top dressing of turning green of clover drought-resistant ability；
After clover cradles, imposed to alfalfa grasslands including organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the 3rd composite organic-inorganic fertilizer of potash fertilizer, the 3rd micro-
Fertilizer and the 3rd plant growth regulator containing abscisic acid and morphactin, for improving clover drought-resistant ability and promoting clover lateral bud
Growth cradles top dressing；
Wherein, the base manure, turn green top dressing and cradle top dressing component and proportioning it is different；
Wherein, first composite organic-inorganic fertilizer includes organic fertilizer, urea, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer；First micro- fertilizer is 10-40g
The microelement fertilizer of molydbenum fertilizer；
Wherein, described second micro- fertilizer is the microelement fertilizer for including molydbenum fertilizer, boron fertilizer and calcareous fertilisers；
Wherein, the 3rd micro- fertilizer is the microelement fertilizer for including molydbenum fertilizer and calcareous fertilisers；
Wherein, the content of organic matter >=30wt% in the organic fertilizer of first composite organic-inorganic fertilizer.
2. fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that first composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, first it is micro- fertilizer and
The weight proportion of the first plant growth regulator containing gibberellin is：
First composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 490-1500kg
First micro- fertilizer 10-40g
First plant growth regulator 1-30g.
3. fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that do not include urine in second composite organic-inorganic fertilizer
Element, the weight proportion of its second plant growth regulator with second micro- fertilizer and containing abscisic acid are：
Second composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 460-1190kg
Second micro- fertilizer 165-750g
Second plant growth regulator 1-20g.
4. fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that do not include urine in the 3rd composite organic-inorganic fertilizer
Element, the weight proportion of its 3rd plant growth regulator with the 3rd micro- fertilizer and containing abscisic acid and morphactin are：
3rd composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 240-1180kg
3rd micro- fertilizer 101-430g
3rd plant growth regulator 1-20g.
5. fertilizing method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that first plant growth regulator be using gibberellin as
Main component, further includes one or more plant growth tune in animal/vegetable protein glue, agar, amino acid, the basic element of cell division
Agent is saved, wherein, the content of gibberellin is 30-60wt%.
6. fertilizing method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that second plant growth regulator be using abscisic acid as
Main component, further includes one or more plant lifes in animal/vegetable protein glue, gelatine, agar, amino acid, the basic element of cell division
Long conditioning agent, wherein, the content of abscisic acid is 20-80wt%.
7. fertilizing method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the 3rd plant growth regulator be with abscisic acid and
Morphactin is the growth regulator of main component, is further included in animal/vegetable protein glue, gelatine, agar, amino acid, the basic element of cell division
One or more plant growth regulator, the wherein content of abscisic acid is 20-70wt%, and the content of morphactin is 10-
20wt%.
8. fertilizing method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that first micro- fertilizer is the micro fertilizer of 10-40g molydbenum fertilizers
Material.
9. fertilizing method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that second micro- fertilizer is to include molydbenum fertilizer, boron fertilizer and calcareous fertilisers
Microelement fertilizer, its weight is：
10-30g molydbenum fertilizers；
30-120g boron fertilizers；
125-600g calcareous fertilisers.
10. fertilizing method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the 3rd micro- fertilizer is include molydbenum fertilizer and calcareous fertilisers micro-
Fertilizer is measured, its weight is：
10-20g molydbenum fertilizers；
200-300g calcareous fertilisers.
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| CN106258344A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-01-04 | 安徽太禾林业开发有限公司 | A kind of lucerne grass of last year mountain planting method |
| CN106588204A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-04-26 | 庆阳敦博科技发展有限公司 | Meta-acidic soil medicago sativa high-yield fertilization method |
| CN108450109B (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2020-02-07 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Fertilizing method for improving lodging resistance of alfalfa plants |
| CN108191579A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-06-22 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of Frigid black soil agriculture district alfalfa special complex fertilizer |
| CN113396682A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-09-17 | 山西农业大学高寒区作物研究所(山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所) | Fertilizing method for remarkably improving yield of alfalfa |
| CN114467449A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-05-13 | 内蒙古大学 | Fertilizing method for improving yield and quality of alfalfa seeds |
| CN114793809A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-07-29 | 河南科技大学 | Annual alfalfa production method utilizing biogas slurry |
| CN115583856B (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-03-21 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Compound growth regulating nutrient solution for improving quality of Ainsliaea fragrans champ and application thereof |
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2015
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| CN103583176A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-02-19 | 阜阳市颍泉区腾飞种植专业合作社 | Alfalfa planting method |
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