CN1047362A

CN1047362A - Freeing mineral method by horizontally and vertically alternative control of blasting

Info

Publication number: CN1047362A
Application number: CN 89102406
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王书宣; 王坤儒; 苑卫东; 何晓华; 贾志伟; 韩志华
Original assignee: Jin Yu Gold Mine Ministry Of Metallurgical Industry; Maanshan Institute Of Mining Research Ministry Of Metallurgical Industry
Current assignee: Jin Yu Gold Mine Ministry Of Metallurgical Industry; Maanshan Institute Of Mining Research Ministry Of Metallurgical Industry
Priority date: 1989-05-19
Filing date: 1989-05-19
Publication date: 1990-11-28

Abstract

A kind of new ore deposit method that falls of underground mining: freeing mineral method by horizontally and vertically alternative control of blasting is applicable to the mining of middle thickness orebody.This method is the optimum organization of current practice and advanced technology.Feature is that will single level eye commonly used fall ore deposit and single going up to the eye ore deposit that falls hocketed at work plane, rub into Controlled Blasting simultaneously, this optimum organization demonstrates obvious effects, compares to eye with last with the level eye than single, the stope work efficiency proposes 30%, explosive specific charge reduces by 20%, and boulder yield reduces 50%, and the workload of arrangement stope is few, the safety factor height, reduced the rate of dilution and loss late, method is simple, can be applicable at underground mine.

Description

Freeing mineral method by horizontally and vertically alternative control of blasting

A kind of ore deposit method that falls of underground mining is applicable to the underground mining of various mineral products, is specially adapted to the middle thickness orebody mining of shallow hole shrinkage method, and this method can increase substantially work efficiency and help being beneficial to Mine Safety in Production.

The present both at home and abroad shallow hole shrinkage method in the mining, its ore falling mode that generally adopts are to beat single going up to fall ore deposit or beat the single level eye explosion ore deposit that falls of eye explosion, and explosion form commonly used is common blasting procedure.Above-mentioned common method has many weakness, go up when the common explosion of eye falls the ore deposit if adopt, the stability of serious broken ring top board ore body, on top board, form the lax band of the thick explosion of 0.6-0.9 rice, adopt down, must do a large amount of cleaning works as continuing explosion, prize the float stone of top board ore body, the danger stone on the supporting roof ore body and the secondary blasting of lump ore etc., these work efforts are time-consuming, handle 200-300 rice ²Stope often take 3-4 days, poor stability during work is followed the tracks of back production difficulty, loss late and rate of dilution height for the ore body of complex shape; When adopting the common blasting procedure of single level eye, the broken round trip degree of top board ore body is last low to eye, the lax band of explosion 0.4-0.6 rice, and roof safety is good, but driling explosion work is limited by orebody thickness, influences rock penetration performance.

In view of the foregoing, the scientific research personnel has conceived a kind of new departure, this scheme organically combines above-mentioned two kinds of methods, and rub into advanced Controlled Blasting, be combined into a kind of brand-new mining methods, this method is learnt from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, and demonstrates obvious superiority, in in September, 1988 and the cooperation of Jin Chang valley gold mine, carried out the research of this called after " freeing mineral method by horizontally and vertically alternative control of blasting " at the scene.

The feature of this freeing mineral method is, fetch water flat earlier in the exploitation location, explosion ore deposit one layering that falls, stamp again to eye, explosion fall ore deposit one layering fetch water again flat eye fall the ore deposit, go up to the eye ore deposit that falls again ... hocket, in the process of whole quick-fried ore deposits of rock drilling, smooth controlled blasting is adopted at peripheral position, with big pitch-row controlled blasting, both all use differential blasting on other work planes.Controlled blasting also with the improving to some extent of frequent employing, during the smooth blasting that adopts at one periphery position, concentration coefficient of holes K is increased to 1.3-1.4 by 0.8-1.0 commonly used, obtained and can control periphery preferably, do not produce the effect of lump ore again; It two adopts big pitch-row on work plane, general concentration coefficient of holes 1.0-1.2 is increased to 3.0, does to guarantee bigger explosion volume and less quick-fried sillar degree like this; Its three millisecond detonatings non-electric ms detonator helps keeping the stability of top board ore body and improves quick-fried rock quality.

Implementing this method advantage is to have reduced the workload that sled sled stone, skill are protected arrangement stopes such as danger top widely, has increased the ore deposit time that falls, and has correspondingly improved mining intensity, has increased safety factor; Adopt controlled blasting then to make profile neat, reduced lumpiness; Influenced by orebody thickness less for this method simultaneously, and economic benefit and social benefit are quite remarkable.

Invent my institute and gold mine cooperation in Jin Chang valley is implemented for this, the concrete steps of enforcement are:

1, the level eye ore deposit explosion that falls.

The level eye is from stope humanity, at first excavate cutting groove because the level eye is the layering propelling, the about 2.5-3.0 rice of the ore deposit thickness that falls of per minute layer, so needing in stope one or both ends excavation specification is length (along orebody trend) 2.5-3.0 rice, wide is the ore body horizontal breadth, height is the cutting groove of ore deposit lift height of falling, and also can utilize the original available cutting engineering of stope.

The ore deposit eye is arch along vertical orebody trend to be arranged, row and row's borehole be triangularly arranged (referring to accompanying drawing 1).The blasting parameter difference at each position, the parameters of perimeter blasting is: spacing: E=0.8-0.9 rice, minimum burden: W=0.6-0.7 rice, concentration coefficient of holes: K=E/W=1.3-1.4, borehole depth: 2.0-2.5 rice, 0.3 kilogram/meter of blashole charge closeness (ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture), charge constitution are the air gap charge constitution (seeing accompanying drawing 2).Borehole on other work planes except that periphery is arranged as big pitch-row borehole, parameters is: spacing: E=1.5-1.8 rice, best crushing lines of resistance: W=0.6-0.7 rice, concentration coefficient of holes: K=E/W=3, borehole depth: 2.0-2.5 rice, the blashole charge coefficient: 80%(ammonium oil), structure is a column continuous charging structure.Install after the medicine 0.2 meter of position, aperture tamping length, detonate with non-electric ms detonator, with section, use elementary errors with row between row, jumping and section using millisecond detonator, contact method is subregion bundle handle, ignition and detonation of blasting cap (seeing accompanying drawing 3).

2, go up to the eye ore deposit explosion that falls.

Borehole becomes 70-80 ° with the top board ore body, and the layering ore deposit thickness that falls is 1.6-1.7 rice, at first goes out cutting groove with the V-cut farad, utilizes perhaps that other cutting engineerings are the last scope of freedom to eye in the stope.The borehole of cutting groove arranges that by the V-cut method all the other boreholes are arranged by big pitch-row explosion requirement.Parameter is spacing: E=1.3-1.4 rice, and row's spacing: 0.7-0.8 rice, borehole depth: 2.0 meters, the blashole charge coefficient: 80%, adopt the continuous reverse geometry of column.Filling with detonating technique is: 0.2 meter in mud is filled out in the aperture, adopts millisecond detonator as far as possible, tangible unconditional available half second detonator, but same section detonator explosion 2-3 artillery salvo eye, contact method is a subregion bundle handle, and one section non-electric ms detonator two-way is ganged up, and once lights with blasting cap and detonates.

The effect that Jin Chang valley gold mine is implemented such scheme is very considerable, top board forming after the explosion, and scar is smooth, maximum irregularity degree≤0.2 meter; Explosion is to the 1/2-1/3 that the degree of depth is common explosion that influences of top board ore body; The platform flight of steps leading to a palace hall height of stubble big gun joining place is below 0.3 meter; Top board demifacet eye trace retention rate 〉=50%; Explosion rear perimeter edge scar does not have bulk danger stone, and the fritter float stone is also few; The level eye and last to eye 〉=600 millimeters boulder yield is respectively≤5% and≤7%.

Freeing mineral method by horizontally and vertically alternative control of blasting economic benefit of the present invention and social benefit are remarkable, and this method is than adopting single level eye or upward comparing to the eye freeing mineral method, and the stope work efficiency improves 30%, and explosive specific charge reduces by 20%, and boulder yield reduces 50%; Without supporting, saved timber generally speaking; This method can be reduced the loss in addition and the reduction of dilution rate, improves security, and this method is simple, can spread.

Accompanying drawing one is arranged schematic diagram for borehole

Accompanying drawing two is the charge constitution schematic diagram

Accompanying drawing three is the on line schematic diagram that detonates

The drawing reference numeral explanation:

1, periphery hole; 2, big pitch-row borehole; 3, stemming; 4, airspace; 5, plastic detonating tube; 6, powder stick; 7, millisecond detonator; 8, detonator bundle handle outside the hole; 9, propagation of explosion on-electric detonator; 10, detonator; 11, blasting cap; 12, detonating fuse.

Claims

1, a kind of level eye ore deposit that falls that comprises, go up to the eye ore deposit that falls, the shallow-hole shrinkage stoping method of Controlled Blasting, it is characterized in that level eye Luo Kuang, go up to eye fall ore deposit, Controlled Blasting three's optimum organization, fetch water flat earlier in the exploitation location, explosion ore deposit one layering that falls, stamp again to the eye explosion ore deposit layering that falls, be the level eye and upward hocket to the eye ore deposit that falls, two kinds of ore falling modes all adopt Controlled Blasting, the peripheral position smooth blasting with big pitch-row cloth hole explosion, is used millisecond detonating on other work planes during explosion;

2, shallow-hole shrinkage stoping method as claimed in claim 1, the concentration coefficient of holes K that it is characterized by perimeter blasting brings up to 1.3-1.4 by 0.8-1.0 commonly used, and during big pitch-row work plane explosion, concentration coefficient of holes increases to 3.0 by 1.0-1.2.