CN104729998A - Atmosphere visibility measurement device based on optical cavity ring down spectroscopy technology - Google Patents
Atmosphere visibility measurement device based on optical cavity ring down spectroscopy technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an atmosphere visibility measurement device based on an optical cavity ring down spectroscopy technology and relates to a meteorological observation device. The atmosphere visibility measurement device comprises a saddle-shaped shell; a pair of high-reflectivity cavity mirrors are located at the two sides of a concave opening of the shell to form a ring down cavity; after laser transmitted by a laser transmitter penetrates through a polaroid, a 1/4 wave plate and a coupling lens in sequence and then is mitted into a first high-reflectivity cavity mirror, one path is reflected by the first high-reflectivity cavity mirror and is emitted into the polaroid through the 1/4 wave plate to be reflected and output; and the other path is vibrated in the ring down cavity, penetrates through the second high-reflectivity cavity mirror to be transmitted to a photomultiplier, and then is transmitted to a computer by a data acquisition card. By virtue of the atmosphere visibility measurement device, the technical problems that a measurement error is caused by the fact that the deviation is caused between the sampling of a sample to be detected for measuring the atmosphere visibility and the actual measurement in the prior art are solved. The atmosphere visibility measurement device has the beneficial effects that the open type ring down cavity can be in direct contact with atmosphere, and atmosphere extinction coefficient changes caused by gas molecules, aerosol and rainwater can be comprehensively measured, so that the accurate measurement of the atmosphere visibility is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to meteorological observation device, especially design a kind of cavity ring down spectroscopy technology that utilizes to the measurement mechanism of atmospheric visibility.
Background technology
As one of the key element of meteorological observation, atmospheric visibility is the physical quantity characterizing atmospheric transparency.The measurement of atmospheric visibility, not only for the synoptic analysis of daily meteorological department, is more widely used in the fields such as traffic and transportation sector, military affairs such as highway, aviation, navigation.Simultaneously according to " observation of QX/T 113-2010 haze and forecast grade ", atmospheric visibility is the main basis for estimation of haze grade, therefore studies atmospheric visibility measurement mechanism tool and is of great significance.
Visibility, as a complicated physical quantity, depends primarily on atmospheric extinction coefficient.Extinction coefficient is that light wave is in propagation in atmosphere process, due to the energy attenuation that various factors causes, by air to caused by light absorption, scattering, comprise molecule absorption, molecular scattering, gasoloid absorption, aerosol scattering, rainwater absorb and scattering by rain.
Current atmospheric visibility measurement mechanism mainly contains transmission-type visibility meter and diffuse transmission type visiometer.Transmission-type visibility meter is based on the Transmissivity measurement of optical radiation in propagation in atmosphere.Transilluminator is generally divided into double-end type and monofocal two kinds.Double-end type is two ends transmitter and receiver being loaded on baseline.Monofocal is go side transmitter and receiver being loaded on baseline, at the other end of baseline, reverberator is housed, thus makes optical path become reciprocation type light path.Transmission-type visibility meter directly measures atmospheric extinction coefficient, but for ensureing accuracy of measurement, often need longer baseline, simultaneously in order to low visibility and high-visibility can be measured, need to adopt bi-baseline system, therefore transmission-type visibility meter is higher to site requirements.Diffuse transmission type visiometer sends infrared light radiation, and detects a direction scattered signal, and determines total scattering coefficient according to the relation of scattered signal and total scattering amount in concrete angle, finally presses formula inverting visibility.Diffuse transmission type visiometer can be divided into forward scattering instrument and back scattering instrument.Diffuse transmission type visiometer is current most popular visiometer, but atmospheric scattering coefficient only measured by diffuse transmission type visiometer, do not measure atmosphere absorbance; And in China different regions, the ratio of atmosphere absorbance and atmospheric scattering coefficient is all different, and sometimes atmosphere absorbance can be comparable with atmospheric scattering coefficient, and therefore diffuse transmission type visiometer exists larger measuring error.
Cavity ring down spectroscopy technology directly can measure extinction coefficient, and current cavity ring down spectroscopy technology has been used to measure aerocolloidal extinction coefficient, is to swing chamber by gasoloid suction in air being declined to measure.Chinese patent application publication No. CN103616334A, March 5 2014 Shen Qing Publication day, name is called " a kind of optical cavity ring-down aerosol extinction instrument " and Chinese patent application publication No. CN103712914A, April 9 2014 Shen Qing Publication day, the open scheme that name is called " a kind of laser cavity ring-down spectrometer simultaneously detecting aerosol extinction and scattering coefficient " is all swing by gasoloid suction in air being declined the technical scheme that the measurement of Aerosol Extinction is carried out in chamber.The visibility extinction coefficient total to air is relevant, and the extinction coefficient not only Aerosol Extinction that air is total, also answers the extinction coefficient that air inclusion molecular extinction coefficient and rainwater cause, and therefore measures visibility with aerosol extinction instrument and there is certain measuring error.Chinese patent application publication No. CN104062236A, on September 24 2014 Shen Qing Publication day, the patent of invention open file that name is called " a kind of atmospheric visibility pick-up unit based on cavity attenuation and vibration technique ", provides another device.This device comprise set gradually light source, import optical fiber, fiber resonance cavity, derivation optical fiber, photodetector and calculate the data processing unit being detected sample visibility value for light loss data being carried out.Import between optical fiber and fiber resonance cavity and be provided with importing collimating apparatus, derivation collimating apparatus is provided with between fiber resonance cavity and derivation optical fiber, fiber resonance cavity comprises the first coupling mechanism, special optical fiber and the second coupling mechanism, input end and the importing Fiber connection of the first coupling mechanism, the output terminal of the first coupling mechanism is connected with the input end of special optical fiber; The output terminal of special optical fiber is connected with the input end of the second coupling mechanism; The output terminal of the second coupling mechanism is connected with the input end of the first coupling mechanism and optical detector respectively; Special optical fiber is for making light wave contact with the sample to be tested in external environment and absorbing.Data processing unit draws the loss of light wave in resonator cavity according to the characteristic of resonator cavity, is finally determined the visibility numerical value of tested sample by light loss.This device uses Fiber connection between light source resonant cavity, between resonator cavity and optical detector, and adopts special optical fiber to be used for making light wave contact with the sample to be tested in external environment and absorb.But there is following problem: need to utilize special optical fiber, not only cost is high, and use also inconvenient; Sample to be tested in external environment is absorbed by special optical fiber or has deviation with the sample to be tested of reality, causes measuring error.
Summary of the invention
The measurement sample to be tested to atmospheric visibility existed to solve prior art samples and the actual technical matters having deviation to cause measuring error, the invention provides a kind of atmospheric visibility measurement mechanism based on cavity ring down spectroscopy technology, declining and swinging chamber is Open architecture, directly and atmosphere, the atmospheric extinction coefficient change that composite measurement gas molecule, gasoloid, rainwater cause, realizes the Measurement accuracy to atmospheric visibility.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of atmospheric visibility measurement mechanism based on cavity ring down spectroscopy technology, it comprises the housing in saddle seal chamber structure, generating laser is provided with in shell cavity, polaroid, quarter wave plate, coupled lens, high reflectance chamber mirror, photomultiplier and data collecting card, high reflectance chamber mirror has and is positioned at shroud notch both sides for a pair and is formed and decline and swing chamber, the laser that generating laser sends is successively through polaroid, quarter wave plate and coupled lens inject first surface high reflectance chamber mirror, laser is divided into two-way, one road laser is reflected through quarter wave plate by first surface high reflectance chamber mirror and injects polaroid reflection output, another road laser is transferred to photomultiplier through second high reflectance chamber mirror declining to swing in chamber after oscillate, photomultiplier is electrically connected with computing machine by data collecting card.Adopt open declining to swing chamber, directly contact with air, the atmospheric extinction coefficient change that composite measurement gas molecule, gasoloid, rainwater cause, realizes the Measurement accuracy to atmospheric visibility.
As preferably, housing is also provided with chamber mirror case, and mirror case corresponding sidewall in chamber is respectively equipped with I printing opacity mouth and II printing opacity mouth, in the mirror lock chamber mirror case cavity of high reflectance chamber between I printing opacity mouth and II printing opacity mouth.Avoid high reflectance chamber mirror by atmospheric pollution, guarantee to measure accurately.
As preferably, chamber mirror case is provided with the diaphragm of plating high transmittance film, and diaphragm covers I printing opacity mouth.
As preferably, mirror case top, chamber is provided with air intake opening near II printing opacity mouth; By being filled with high pure nitrogen to air intake opening, form gas curtain at high reflectance cavity mirror face, protection high reflectance chamber mirror is not by atmospheric pollution.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: declining and swinging chamber is Open architecture, directly contacts with air, can the atmospheric extinction coefficient change that causes of composite measurement gas molecule, gasoloid, rainwater, realize the Measurement accuracy to atmospheric visibility.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is chamber mirror case cut-open view.
In figure: 1-generating laser; 2-catoptron; 3-polaroid; 4-1/4 wave plate; 5-coupled lens; 6-chamber mirror case; 7-high reflectance chamber mirror; 8-photomultiplier; 9-data collecting card; 10-computing machine; 11-housing; 61-I printing opacity mouth; 62-II printing opacity mouth; 63-air intake opening; 64-diaphragm; 111-declines and swings chamber.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, drawing dotted line represents light path, and arrow represents optical path direction; Fine line represents electrical connection.Based on an atmospheric visibility measurement mechanism for cavity ring down spectroscopy technology, it comprises the housing 11 in saddle seal chamber structure, and housing 11 is seal chamber structure.One recess is arranged at housing 11 bottom, and recess is recessed in housing 11 chamber.Be provided with a pair high reflectance chamber mirror 7 in housing 11 cavity, high reflectance chamber mirror 7 is positioned at housing 11 recess both sides.A pair high reflectance chamber mirror 7 is formed to decline and swings chamber 111.Decline and swing chamber 111 for Open architecture, be positioned at outside the seal chamber of housing 11, directly contact with air.For exempting to keep away high reflectance chamber mirror 7 by atmospheric pollution, cause measuring error, housing 11 is also provided with chamber mirror case 6.Chamber mirror case 6 has two, each chamber mirror case 6 cavity internal fixtion high reflectance chamber mirror 7.Chamber mirror case 6 is cylindrical cavity structure.The sidewall of chamber mirror case 6 is respectively equipped with I printing opacity mouth 61 and II printing opacity mouth 62, I printing opacity mouth 61 and II printing opacity mouth 62 with chamber mirror case 6 axis for axis of symmetry is arranged symmetrically with.High reflectance chamber mirror 7 is between I printing opacity mouth 6 and II printing opacity mouth 62.Chamber mirror case 6 wall outer surface is provided with diaphragm 64, and diaphragm 64 outside surface is coated with high transmittance film.Diaphragm 64 covers I printing opacity mouth 61.Chamber mirror case 6 top is provided with air intake opening 63 near II printing opacity mouth 62.Be filled with high pure nitrogen again by II printing opacity mouth 62 out from air intake opening 63, form gas curtain on high reflectance chamber mirror 7 surface, thus air conservation high reflectance chamber mirror 7.Generating laser 1, catoptron 2, polaroid 3, quarter wave plate 4, coupled lens 5, photomultiplier 8, data collecting card 9 and computing machine 10 is also provided with in housing 11 cavity.Catoptron 2 has two sides, is connected with first surface catoptron 2 between generating laser 1 and polaroid 3, is connected with dihedral reflector 2 between quarter wave plate 4 and coupled lens 5.Generating laser 1, first surface catoptron 2, polaroid 3, quarter wave plate 4, dihedral reflector 2, coupled lens 5, first surface high reflectance chamber mirror 7, second high reflectance chamber mirror 7 and photomultiplier 8 are arranged in order.Photomultiplier 8 is electrically connected respectively by wire with computing machine 10 with data collecting card 9, data collecting card 9.
Generating laser 1 sends p polarized light, swings signal to not affect to decline, and laser pulse width should be enough short, and the present embodiment optical maser wavelength is 532nm, pulse width is 1ns, and zlasing mode is basic mode.P polarized light is injected after first surface catoptron 2 reflects and is become rotatory polarization through after polaroid 3 and quarter wave plate 4 successively.Rotatory polarization is coupled to decline by coupled lens 5 and swings chamber 111 after injecting dihedral reflector 2 refraction.Rotatory polarization, through the diaphragm 64 of covering first chamber mirror case 6, is injected first surface high reflectance chamber mirror 7 by I printing opacity mouth 61 of first chamber mirror case 6 and is divided into two-way.One road rotatory polarization is reflected by first surface high reflectance chamber mirror 7, again by the printing opacity mouth 61 of first chamber mirror case 6, through diaphragm 64, reflected by dihedral reflector 2, s polarized light is become after injecting quarter wave plate 4, s polarized light is injected polaroid 3 and is reflected isolation and amplifier, preventing it back into being mapped to generating laser 1, causing generating laser 1 to damage.Another road rotatory polarization is through first surface high reflectance chamber mirror 7, out directly contact with tested air from II printing opacity mouth 62 of first chamber mirror case 6, through II printing opacity mouth 62 of second chamber mirror case 6, reflected by second high reflectance chamber mirror 7, oscillate between first surface high reflectance chamber mirror 7 and second high reflectance chamber mirror 7, forms optical path.Then pass I printing opacity mouth 61 of second high reflectance chamber mirror, 7, second chamber mirror case 6, diaphragm 64 output declines and swings signal.Decline and swing signal and detected by photomultiplier 8.Data collecting card 9 collection is declined and is swung Signal transmissions to computing machine 10.Computing machine 10 process obtains ring-down time.Measure cavity ring-down time t respectively
0with air ring-down time t, by formula
just can calculate the extinction coefficient β (in formula, c is the light velocity) of air.The extinction coefficient that different ring-down times is corresponding different, can calculate atmospheric extinction coefficient and visibility thus.
Claims (4)
1. the atmospheric visibility measurement mechanism based on cavity ring down spectroscopy technology, it is characterized in that: it comprises the housing (11) in saddle seal chamber structure, generating laser (1) is provided with in housing (11) cavity, polaroid (3), quarter wave plate (4), coupled lens (5), high reflectance chamber mirror (7), photomultiplier (8) and data collecting card (9), described high reflectance chamber mirror (7) has and is positioned at housing (11) recess both sides for a pair and is formed and decline and swing chamber (111), the laser that described generating laser (1) sends is successively through polaroid (3), quarter wave plate (4) and coupled lens (5) inject first surface high reflectance chamber mirror (7), laser is divided into two-way, one road laser is reflected through quarter wave plate (4) by first surface high reflectance chamber mirror (7) and injects polaroid (3) reflection output, another road laser is transferred to photomultiplier (8) through second high reflectance chamber mirror (7) after oscillate declining to swing in chamber (111), photomultiplier (8) is electrically connected with computing machine (10) by data collecting card (9).
2. the atmospheric visibility measurement mechanism based on cavity ring down spectroscopy technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described housing (11) is also provided with chamber mirror case (6), the corresponding sidewall of chamber mirror case (6) is respectively equipped with I printing opacity mouth (61) and II printing opacity mouth (62), is positioned between I printing opacity mouth (61) and II printing opacity mouth (62) in mirror (7) lock chamber mirror case (6) cavity of described high reflectance chamber.
3. the atmospheric visibility measurement mechanism based on cavity ring down spectroscopy technology according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described chamber mirror case (6) is provided with the diaphragm (64) of plating high transmittance film, and described diaphragm (64) covers I printing opacity mouth (61).
4. the atmospheric visibility measurement mechanism based on cavity ring down spectroscopy technology according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that: mirror case (6) top, described chamber is provided with air intake opening (63) near II printing opacity mouth (62).
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Cited By (8)
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| CN105301674A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽省大气探测技术保障中心 | Detection device of meteorological optical range |
| CN105651703A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-06-08 | 电子科技大学 | Method for measuring extinction coefficient of ring-down gas of optical cavity based on change of cavity length |
| CN107894395A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-10 | 衢州学院 | A kind of Aerosol Extinction Coefficients measuring method based on Research on Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy |
| CN108181267A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | A kind of small-sized forward scattering visibility meter calibration system |
| CN108801951A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-13 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | A kind of eyeglass sealing device for precisely regulating based on stable cavity absorption spectroscopy techniques |
| CN108872100A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-11-23 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | A kind of multiple enhanced spectrum high-precision ammonia detection device and detection method |
| CN109001154A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-14 | 贾良权 | The efficient measuring system of seed vitality based on laser absorption spectroscopy |
| CN113125368A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-07-16 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Aerosol extinction instrument and measurement method thereof |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105301674A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽省大气探测技术保障中心 | Detection device of meteorological optical range |
| CN105651703A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-06-08 | 电子科技大学 | Method for measuring extinction coefficient of ring-down gas of optical cavity based on change of cavity length |
| CN107894395A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-10 | 衢州学院 | A kind of Aerosol Extinction Coefficients measuring method based on Research on Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy |
| CN108181267A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | A kind of small-sized forward scattering visibility meter calibration system |
| CN108181267B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2021-01-26 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Small forward scattering visibility meter calibration system |
| CN108872100A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-11-23 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | A kind of multiple enhanced spectrum high-precision ammonia detection device and detection method |
| CN108872100B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2021-01-08 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Multi-time enhanced spectrum high-precision ammonia gas detection device and detection method |
| CN108801951A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-13 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | A kind of eyeglass sealing device for precisely regulating based on stable cavity absorption spectroscopy techniques |
| CN109001154A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-14 | 贾良权 | The efficient measuring system of seed vitality based on laser absorption spectroscopy |
| CN113125368A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-07-16 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Aerosol extinction instrument and measurement method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150624 |