CN104723538A - 用于通过挤吹成型制造塑料制品的装置和制造塑料制品的方法 - Google Patents

用于通过挤吹成型制造塑料制品的装置和制造塑料制品的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN104723538A
CN104723538A CN201510122429.2A CN201510122429A CN104723538A CN 104723538 A CN104723538 A CN 104723538A CN 201510122429 A CN201510122429 A CN 201510122429A CN 104723538 A CN104723538 A CN 104723538A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
nozzle gap
extrusion
nozzle
section
preformed member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201510122429.2A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
J·埃克哈特
M·弗兰克-迈因茨
T·弗罗伊茨海姆
G·沃尔特
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kautex Textron GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Kautex Textron GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kautex Textron GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Kautex Textron GmbH and Co KG
Publication of CN104723538A publication Critical patent/CN104723538A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C51/266—Auxiliary operations after the thermoforming operation
    • B29C51/267—Two sheets being thermoformed in separate mould parts and joined together while still in the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/12—Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/13—Articles with a cross-section varying in the longitudinal direction, e.g. corrugated pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/31—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
    • B29C48/313—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections by positioning the die lips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/04—Extrusion blow-moulding
    • B29C49/0411—Means for defining the wall or layer thickness
    • B29C49/04112—Means for defining the wall or layer thickness for varying the thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/071—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration, e.g. geometry, dimensions or physical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
    • B29C2791/006—Using vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
    • B29C2791/007—Using fluid under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92609—Dimensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92609—Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92628—Width or height
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92609—Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92647—Thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92904—Die; Nozzle zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/04—Extrusion blow-moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/04—Extrusion blow-moulding
    • B29C49/04108—Extrusion blow-moulding extruding several parisons parallel to each other at the same time
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/04—Extrusion blow-moulding
    • B29C49/04116—Extrusion blow-moulding characterised by the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/06905—Using combined techniques for making the preform
    • B29C49/0691—Using combined techniques for making the preform using sheet like material, e.g. sheet blow-moulding from joined sheets
    • B29C49/06914—Using combined techniques for making the preform using sheet like material, e.g. sheet blow-moulding from joined sheets using parallel sheets as a preform
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/20—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/02—Combined thermoforming and manufacture of the preform
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/12—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于通过挤吹成型制造塑料制品的装置，该装置包括用于由热塑性塑料挤出幅面状或带状预成型件(1)的挤出装置和用于将幅面状或带状预成型件在第一高温下在使用气压和/或真空的情况下进一步加工成塑料制品的多件式成型模具(3)，其中，所述挤出装置具有挤出头，该挤出头的熔体排出口构成为横向于挤出方向可调的、直线延伸的喷嘴间隙。所述装置的特征在于，所述喷嘴间隙(6)至少在一侧直接由多个彼此无关地横向于挤出方向可调的部段(9)界定，各所述部段能实现阶梯形地调整喷嘴间隙(6)的开度和/或宽度。本发明还涉及一种利用所述装置制造塑料制品的方法。

Description

用于通过挤吹成型制造塑料制品的装置和制造塑料制品的方法
本申请是基于申请号为200880018216.3(国际申请号为PCT/EP2008/002914)，申请日为2008年4月12日，发明名称为“由热塑性塑料挤出面状或带状预成型件的装置和挤出这种预成型件的方法”的中国专利申请提出的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于通过挤吹成型制造塑料制品的装置。
本发明还涉及一种用于优选在使用所述装置的情况下制造塑料制品的方法。
背景技术
开头所述型式的装置例如由实用新型DE 20 2006 013 751已知。实用新型DE 20 2006 013 751 U1描述了一种用于制造带状预成型件的成型模具，它包括多个通道，这些通道分别具有一环形区段形状的进口和一细长的出口，其中各环形区段形状的进口在一共同的半径上在圆周上分布地设置并且通过径向延伸的切割彼此分离。
为了可以为借助这样的成型模具制造的幅面状塑料成型坯件提供壁厚轮廓，在DE 20 2006 013 751中提出一种壁厚调节装置，利用它可以在预成型件的整个宽度上改变其壁厚。此外，借助在那里提出的壁厚调节装置可以为带状预成型件在整个长度上或在确定的部位在宽度上提供波形轮廓。为此提出，一方面利用一在喷嘴的整个宽度上起作用的调整体调整为挤出而使用的宽缝喷嘴的喷嘴间隙，而另一方面借助于以由弹性的弹簧钢构成的调整杆为形式的调整元件叠加该调整。多个调整驱动装置可以作用于调整杆，使得可以在预成型件的长度上部分地改变宽缝喷嘴的出口间隙的宽度，从而按照需要可以生产预成型件的一壁厚较大的区段和在一与之邻接的区段内生产较小的壁厚。这使得预成型件的廓形能很好地匹配于待由其制造的半成品或成品的要求。
不过壁厚控制在预成型件的宽度上的可变性以已知的装置受到了限制，例如不能影响预成型件的绝对宽度。在幅面状预成型件的宽度和长度上的各个尖的突出部的生产也受到限制，因为由于调整杆缺乏柔性，仅仅预成型件的有限的厚度变化才是可能的。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的在于，如下地改进一种开头所述型式的装置。
本发明的目的还在于，提供一种避免上述缺点的方法。
所述目的首先通过一种开头所述型式的装置来实现，该装置包括用于由热塑性塑料挤出幅面状或带状预成型件的挤出装置和用于将幅面状或带状预成型件在第一高温下在使用气压和/或真空的情况下进一步加工成塑料制品的多件式成型模具，其中，所述挤出装置具有挤出头，该挤出头的熔体排出口构成为横向于挤出方向可调的、直线延伸的喷嘴间隙，该装置的特征在于，喷嘴间隙至少在一侧直接由多个彼此无关地横向于挤出方向可调的部段界定，各所述部段能实现阶梯形或楼梯形地调整喷嘴间隙的开度和/或宽度。
令人惊喜地已表明，喷嘴间隙的内廓形的阶梯形的构成对熔体的流动性能没有任何不利的影响。各部段能分别彼此无关地调整，由此也可以实现预成型件的较强烈的壁厚变化，直到材料堆积，其已可以称为壁厚跃变。按这种方式和方法，可以在预成型件的长度和宽度上实现最佳的材料分布，这在制造较大的构件时带来可观的材料节省。
特别是如果要将待制造的预成型件在吹塑成型模具内在施加内部的过压或真空的情况下成型和变型为完成的产品，则材料堆积、加厚部位和变薄部位在预成型件的长度和宽度上的有利的分布是值得期待的，特别是也为了正确地对待在模具中待扩展的构件的不同的拉伸和膨胀性能。
按照本发明的装置的一特别的优点可以看出在于，不仅能部分地影响喷嘴间隙的开度，而且更确切地说也能调整喷嘴间隙的宽度。
为此特别符合目的的是，各部段分别构成为滑块，这些滑块能经由各自的促动器横向于熔体流动方向调整。
各部段例如可以是在挤出过程中能动态调整的，更确切地说按照预定的壁厚规划。这可以例如经由一控制装置引起各促动器的连续的调整，从而为预成型件提供所希望的轮廓。
特别符合目的的是，未设置借助一单独的、在喷嘴间隙的整个宽度上起作用的构件对喷嘴间隙的间隙开度进行的总体调整(Grundverstellung)。
有利的是，各部段的宽度不同，从而它们在喷嘴间隙的界定部上所占的比例不同，特别是当各外侧的部段窄于位于它们之间的各部段时，可以特别有利地达到喷嘴间隙宽度的阶梯式缩小，从而例如也能制造束腰的或收缩的或者说紧腰的幅面状预成型件。
在优选的方案中规定，各部段分别能在一完全打开的、喷嘴间隙在有关区域内具有最大开度的中间位置与一在该区域内完全关闭喷嘴间隙的位置之间调整。
在按照本发明的装置的一优选的方案中规定，喷嘴间隙在两侧、亦即在两纵向侧上横向于挤出方向地由可调的各部段界定。由此可以在预成型件的宽度和长度上实现还要更大的厚度变化。
喷嘴间隙优选在各部段的中间位置中构成为横截面为矩形的缝隙，该缝隙的长度明显大于其开度。该缝隙的长度或宽度等于预成型件的宽度，而该缝隙的开度限定预成型件的厚度。
此外，基于本发明的目的通过一种用于利用所述装置制造塑料制品的方法实现，其包括下列方法步骤：
—在挤出机中使热塑性塑料塑化，
—将塑化的塑料输送给挤出头的喷嘴间隙，其中该喷嘴间隙具有细长的、大致矩形的横截面，
—借助可调的、直接界定喷嘴间隙的多个部段分段地调整喷嘴间隙的间隙开度，
—其中调整在挤出过程中动态地进行并且与此同时为预成型件在长度和/或宽度上提供壁厚轮廓，以及
将从喷嘴间隙中出来的挤出物在多件式成型模具内在第一高温下在使用气压和/或真空的情况下进一步加工成塑料制品。
按照本发明方法的另一观点规定，在挤出过程中动态地改变喷嘴间隙的长度。借此可以得到例如紧腰的预成型件。特别是如果要在多件式的模具中制造吹塑成型的、例如由彼此互补的壳组成的制品，则通过该措施达到可观的材料节省。因此可以减小轧断的超出量(余料/溢料)的大小。
在按照本发明的方法中规定，首先将来自挤出机的塑化的材料在挤出头内置于被软管形地引导的熔体流的形式，该熔体流在挤出头内部转向成至少一个、优选两个被幅面状引导的熔体流。挤出头为此可以按已知的方式和方法构成为轴向浇注头或径向浇注头，其中从挤出机出来的熔体流轴向或径向地环绕顶尖套筒或心轴流动。然后可以在挤出头内部通过相应构成的各流动通道使熔体流转向。在这里可以规定，多个圆环形地在一个半径上设置的熔体流(多层的预成型件)在侧向借助分离装置切开或分开并且经由多个细长的直线延伸的喷嘴间隙作为片状或幅面状的预成型件排出。
在一继续的有利的方法步骤中规定，将从喷嘴间隙中出来的挤出物在多件式的成型模具内在第一高温下在使用气压和/或真空的情况下进一步加工成塑料制品。
附图说明
以下借助在附图中示出的实施例说明本发明。其中：
图1示出按照本发明的挤出装置和在该挤出装置下方设置的多件式成型模具的示意图；
图2示出沿图1中线II-II截取的剖视图；
图3示出沿图2中线III-III截取的剖视图，其中图3表示按照本发明的装置的第一实施例；
图4示出在挤出过程中调整装置被操纵时的与图3相对应的视图；
图5示出按照本发明第二实施例的大致与图3和4相对应的视图；
图6示出从按照本发明的装置中出来的预成型件的极大夸大的视图；
图7a至7c示出一利用按照本发明第一实施例的装置得到的预成型件的可能的横截面轮廓；以及
图8示出一利用按照本发明第二实施例的装置得到的预成型件的可能的横截面轮廓。
具体实施方式
在图1中示意示出一由幅面状的预成型件1挤吹成型的制品的制造方法的一部分。各预成型件1由两个宽缝喷嘴2下垂挤出。各宽缝喷嘴2是一未示出的挤出头的一部分，该挤出头按已知的方式和方法由挤出机供应熔融液态的热塑性塑料。
例如如图1所示，以面料或片料为形式的预成型件1可以在成型模具3的各打开的部分之间挤出。
成型模具3包括两个外模3a和一个中间模3b。各外模3a分别构成分腔，各预成型件1被拉进或压进这些分腔中并且这些分腔分别确定完成的制品的稍后的外廓形。制品的制造可以例如这样实现，即首先在各打开的外模3a与中间模3b之间分别挤出各预成型件1。然后将各外模3a相对中间模3b关闭，使各预成型件1或者在施加气压和/或真空的情况下在分腔4a、4b中成型。中间模3b包括可移进和可移出的构件夹具5，经由这些构件夹具在预成型件1在分腔4a、4b中成型的过程中或之后将内装部件装入要制成为空心体的制品中。然后使中间模3b在各外模3a之间横向于挤出方向地移进图平面中或从该图平面中移出。使各外模3a在关闭运动的意义上相向移动，从而将包含在它们中的壳形半成品利用环绕的焊缝焊成容器。
各预成型件1可以分别设置成多层的共挤出物。
在所示的实施例中，各外模3a的分腔4a、4b或几何形状大大简化。按照要制造的制品，两分腔4a、4b可以具有大大裂开的廓形。此外，各外模3a不必一定具有大致矩形的横截面，如在图2中所示。因此值得期待的是，可以在预成型件的长度范围上改变其宽度。
此外同样值得期待的是，为预成型件1提供壁厚轮廓，因为按照分腔4a、4b的形貌，在这些分腔中扩展的材料获得或多或少强烈的膨胀、延伸或拉伸。一方面应该避免在完成的制品的壁中的过度的材料堆积，但另一方面也可值得期待的是，在确定的部位上设置材料堆积。
为此按照本发明规定，宽缝喷嘴2的喷嘴间隙6不仅在其开度方面而且在其长度方面是可调的。如特别是由图3至5中的剖视图可看出，喷嘴间隙6构成为横截面为矩形的缝隙，其长度是其开度的多倍。
在图3和4所示的实施例中，喷嘴间隙6在一侧由喷嘴体8的刚性的壁区段7而在另一侧由以滑块9为形式的多个部段界定。
壁区段7和各滑块9分别界定喷嘴间隙6的各纵向侧。各滑块9分别能经由各调整装置10横向于挤出方向地调整，更确切地说能彼此无关地调整，从而可以为有关的预成型件1提供大致楼梯形或阶梯形的轮廓。
虽然喷嘴间隙的横截面因此是阶梯形的，但已令人惊喜地证实，塑化的材料具有这样的流动性能，使得这些阶梯或不连续的壁厚变化在预成型件上不能作为急剧的过渡部重新找到。
如上所述，经由各调整装置在挤出过程中、亦即动态地影响各滑块9的位置，从而可以为预成型件1提供在预成型件的长度上变化的轮廓(在宽度上的厚度变化)。
各滑块9例如在图3中以完全打开的中间位置示出，而例如在图4中限定喷嘴间隙6的外部的窄侧的各滑块9处于其完全关闭的终端位置中。按这种方式和方法可以同样影响喷嘴间隙6的长度，从而如例如在图6中夸大所示地可以生产紧腰的或者说具有收缩的区段B的预成型件1。
在图6中所示的预成型件1按照长度具有三个接连的区段A、B、C，而区段B相对于区段A、C具有较小的宽度或者说是收缩的。
在这里应再次提到，按照本发明的宽缝喷嘴2没有重叠的或单独的、在喷嘴间隙6的全宽上起作用的总体间隙调整装置。各滑块9全部能彼此无关地操纵。
最后在图5中示出按照本发明的宽缝喷嘴2的一个方案，其中各滑块9直接界定喷嘴间隙6的两个纵向侧，从而能为预成型件1这样提供壁厚轮廓，即该预成型件具有两个成型的外侧，如例如在图8的剖视图中所示。按这种方式和方法可以特别有利地制造一种预成型件，该预成型件在其两个大的外表面上能以在长度和宽度上变化的复杂的形貌制造。此外，如在图5中所示，喷嘴间隙6的长度也是可调的，更确切地说，各滑块9可以分段地从外向内相互移动，从而也可在按图5的装置中制造如在图6中所示的预成型件。
附图标记清单
1      预成型件
2      宽缝喷嘴
3      成型模具
3a     外模
3b     中间模
4a、4b 分腔
5      构件夹具
6      喷嘴间隙
7      壁区段
8      喷嘴体
9      滑块
10     调整装置

Claims (13)

1.用于通过挤吹成型制造塑料制品的装置，包括用于由热塑性塑料挤出幅面状或带状预成型件(1)的挤出装置和用于将幅面状或带状预成型件在第一高温下在使用气压和/或真空的情况下进一步加工成塑料制品的多件式成型模具(3)，其中，所述挤出装置具有挤出头，该挤出头的熔体排出口构成为横向于挤出方向可调的、直线延伸的喷嘴间隙，其特征在于，所述喷嘴间隙(6)至少在一侧直接由多个彼此无关地横向于挤出方向可调的部段(9)界定，各所述部段能实现阶梯形地调整喷嘴间隙(6)的开度和/或宽度。
2.按照权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，各所述部段分别构成为滑块(9)，所述滑块能经由各自的调整装置(10)横向于熔体流方向调整。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，各所述部段(9)在挤出过程中能动态地调整。
4.按照权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，未设置借助于一在喷嘴间隙(6)的整个宽度上起作用的构件对喷嘴间隙(6)的间隙开度进行的总体调整。
5.按照权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，各所述部段的宽度不同，从而各部段在喷嘴间隙(6)的界定部上所占的比例不同。
6.按照权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，各外侧的部段窄于设置在它们之间的各部段。
7.按照权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，各部段分别能在一完全打开的、喷嘴间隙(6)在有关区域内具有最大开度的中间位置与一在该区域内完全关闭喷嘴间隙(6)的位置之间调整。
8.按照权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，喷嘴间隙(6)在两纵向侧上由横向于挤出方向可调的各部段界定。
9.按照权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，各所述部段(9)能实现楼梯形地调整喷嘴间隙(6)的开度和/或宽度。
10.用于利用根据权利要求1至9之一所述的装置制造塑料制品的方法，包括下列方法步骤：
—在挤出机中使热塑性塑料塑化；
—将塑化的塑料输送给挤出头的喷嘴间隙，其中该喷嘴间隙具有细长的、大致矩形的横截面；
—借助可调的、直接界定喷嘴间隙的多个部段分段地调整喷嘴间隙的间隙开度；
—其中调整在挤出过程中动态地进行并且与此同时为预成型件在长度和/或宽度上提供壁厚轮廓，以及
—将从喷嘴间隙中出来的挤出物在多件式成型模具内在第一高温下在使用气压和/或真空的情况下进一步加工成塑料制品。
11.按照权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，在挤出过程中动态地改变喷嘴间隙的长度。
12.按照权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，首先将来自挤出机的塑化的材料在挤出头内置于被软管形地引导的熔体流的形式，该熔体流在挤出头内部转向成至少一个被幅面状引导的熔体流。
13.按照权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，熔体流在挤出头内部转向成两个被幅面状引导的熔体流。
CN201510122429.2A 2007-05-30 2008-04-12 用于通过挤吹成型制造塑料制品的装置和制造塑料制品的方法 Pending CN104723538A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007025296.1 2007-05-30
DE102007025296A DE102007025296B4 (de) 2007-05-30 2007-05-30 Einrichtung zum Extrusionsblasformen von Kunststoffartikeln sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunststoffartikels

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN200880018216A Division CN101678589A (zh) 2007-05-30 2008-04-12 由热塑性塑料挤出面状或带状预成型件的装置和挤出这种预成型件的方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN104723538A true CN104723538A (zh) 2015-06-24

Family

ID=39535470

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN200880018216A Pending CN101678589A (zh) 2007-05-30 2008-04-12 由热塑性塑料挤出面状或带状预成型件的装置和挤出这种预成型件的方法
CN201510122429.2A Pending CN104723538A (zh) 2007-05-30 2008-04-12 用于通过挤吹成型制造塑料制品的装置和制造塑料制品的方法

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN200880018216A Pending CN101678589A (zh) 2007-05-30 2008-04-12 由热塑性塑料挤出面状或带状预成型件的装置和挤出这种预成型件的方法

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2148773B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5167349B2 (zh)
CN (2) CN101678589A (zh)
DE (1) DE102007025296B4 (zh)
RU (1) RU2433041C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2008145226A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010018527A1 (de) * 2010-04-27 2011-10-27 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hohlkörpern aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff
DE102011002313A1 (de) 2010-10-12 2012-04-12 Harald Feuerherm Extrusionswerkzeug zur Herstellung von flächigen Vorformlingen aus einer Kunststoffschmelze
DE102013010788A1 (de) 2013-06-28 2014-12-31 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Breitschlitzdüse für Extrusionsvorrichtung
KR101985422B1 (ko) * 2016-10-27 2019-06-03 성안기계 주식회사 가변 노즐이 구비된 슬롯 다이
KR101830378B1 (ko) * 2018-01-12 2018-02-20 장관엽 사출제품의 제조방법
IT201900018725A1 (it) * 2019-10-14 2021-04-14 Sacmi Testa di erogazione di un materiale polimerico e relativo metodo di erogazione, metodo di trasferimento di una dose di materiale polimerico.
AT526624A1 (de) * 2022-10-18 2024-05-15 Sbi Mechatronik Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Einstellung des Spalts einer Breitschlitzdüse

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3003245A (en) * 1959-07-13 1961-10-10 Jr Peter Nunez Gauge device for extrusion gate means
US3195183A (en) * 1962-06-06 1965-07-20 Warren R Phillips Extrusion dies
US3854859A (en) * 1972-10-19 1974-12-17 M Sola Shaping head for plastic molding machines
JPS58120022U (ja) * 1982-02-10 1983-08-16 株式会社ブリヂストン ゴム様材料用押出機の可変口金
US4439125A (en) * 1982-03-31 1984-03-27 The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company Adjustable die mechanism
DE8903307U1 (zh) 1989-03-16 1989-04-27 Cheng, Yin-Ho, Taipeh/T'ai-Pai, Tw
DE8903607U1 (zh) * 1989-03-22 1989-06-29 Paul Troester Maschinenfabrik, 3000 Hannover, De
DE9004113U1 (zh) * 1990-04-09 1990-06-13 Maschinenbau Carl Keller Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal, De
JP3233980B2 (ja) * 1992-04-27 2001-12-04 本田技研工業株式会社 ブロー成形の成形制御システムおよび成形制御方法
US5770129A (en) * 1995-12-22 1998-06-23 Honeywell Measurex Devron, Inc. Apparatus and method for controlling mass flow in an extrusion die
DE102006027254B4 (de) * 2006-06-09 2009-01-15 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hohlkörpern aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff durch Extrusionsblasformen
DE202006013751U1 (de) * 2006-09-05 2006-11-02 Saw Sonderanlagen Und Werkzeugbau Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von bandförmigen Kunststoffvorformlingen
DE102007009277A1 (de) * 2007-02-26 2007-11-15 Daimlerchrysler Ag Generatives Fertigungsverfahren großflächiger Bauteile
DE102007019199A1 (de) * 2007-04-20 2008-10-23 Harald Dipl.-Ing. Feuerherm Verfahren zur Herstellung blasgeformter Hohlkörper und Extrusionswerkzeug zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102007025296A1 (de) 2008-12-04
CN101678589A (zh) 2010-03-24
WO2008145226A1 (de) 2008-12-04
EP2148773A1 (de) 2010-02-03
RU2433041C2 (ru) 2011-11-10
EP2148773B1 (de) 2012-07-25
DE102007025296B4 (de) 2009-12-10
JP2010527819A (ja) 2010-08-19
RU2009149289A (ru) 2011-07-10
JP5167349B2 (ja) 2013-03-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN104723538A (zh) 用于通过挤吹成型制造塑料制品的装置和制造塑料制品的方法
US4149839A (en) Blow molding apparatus
KR101148525B1 (ko) 연속적인 다이 갭 조정으로 압출 블로우 성형에 의해 열가소성 재료로부터 중공체를 제조하는 방법
US6458311B1 (en) Method for the continuous manufacture of a twin-wall pipe having a pipe socket
CN104136193B (zh) 用于挤出的环形模具和方法
JP2008504154A (ja) ソケット付き二重壁管を連続的に製造する方法と、二重壁管と、その方法を実施し、その二重壁管を製造するための装置
DK157435B (da) Ekstruderingsdyse
JP2530396B2 (ja) 筒状押出し体の内側輪郭の変更用の共押出し装置及び方法
JP2006082277A (ja) ゴムストリップの製造装置
CN101605648A (zh) 用于生产导管的方法和装置以及根据所述方法生产的导管
EP1685943B1 (en) An extrusion head for blow moulding of hollow bodies with a system for distribution of the thickness of the walls of the parison
CA2658408C (en) Method and apparatus for continuous manufacture of a compound pipe comprising a pipe socket
KR101886881B1 (ko) 열가소성 중공품 제조 방법
KR100452930B1 (ko) 타이어용 사이드월을 압출하는 압출기의 헤드금형장치
JPH07171879A (ja) 多層ブロー成形用ダイス
EP1129838B1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von hohlkörperförmigen Artikeln aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff durch Saugblasen
CN202781767U (zh) 一种塑木型材共挤模具
DE102007019199A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung blasgeformter Hohlkörper und Extrusionswerkzeug zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
CN206703473U (zh) 吹塑机用挤出装置
GB2143767A (en) Blow moulding an article whose diameter varies along its length
CN1323255A (zh) 吹模方法和设备
JPH06297549A (ja) 複合材質を備えた中空成形品の製造用パリソンの肉厚調整装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20150624