CN104722730A - Device and method for continuous preparation of large-size high-quality aluminum alloy cast ingots - Google Patents
Device and method for continuous preparation of large-size high-quality aluminum alloy cast ingots Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for continuous preparation of large-size high-quality aluminum alloy cast ingots. The device comprises a magnetism conducting mandrel, a hot ejector, a flow guide pipe, an electromagnetic stirrer, a cooling water jacket, a graphite annulus and a crystallizer. The graphite annulus is inlaid in the crystallizer, the cooling water jacket is arranged outside the crystallizer, the electromagnetic stirrer is arranged outside the flow guide pipe which is arranged on the upper portion of the crystallizer, the hot ejector is arranged on the upper portion of the flow guide pipe, the magnetism conducting mandrel is arranged in the center of the flow guide pipe, and a gap passage is formed between the magnetism conducting mandrel and the inner wall of the flow guide pipe. A magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic stirrer forms an unimpeded magnetic circuit with the magnetism conducting mandrel along aluminum alloy melts in the gap passage, the magnetic field in the gap passage is distributed uniformly, the aluminum alloy melts in the gap passage are stirred uniformly, a temperature field and a component field are uniform, and accordingly adverse effects of electromagnetic stirring skin effect are avoided, and acquisition of high-quality aluminum alloy cast ingots with thinner textures and uniform components is benefited.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material processing technical field, relate to a kind of apparatus and method of continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting.
Background technology
Large-sized aluminium alloy ingot casting is the grain of coloured processing industry, is the material base manufacturing the big-and-middle-sized aluminium of processing.Big-and-middle-sized aluminium in sector applications such as railway, automobile, national defence, railway, boats and ships, containers widely.And enter fast traffic lane along with industry developments such as China Express Railway, inter-city train, urban track traffic, large Aircraft Projects, to the demand of big-and-middle-sized construction industry section bar by increasing, also more vigorous to the demand of big-and-middle-sized construction industry section bar large-sized aluminium alloy ingot casting accordingly.The quality of the behind of China's big-and-middle-sized aluminium demand high speed development large-size aluminum alloy former base quality is really not high, there is casting flaws such as organizing thick, component segregation, crackle in blank, follow-up big-and-middle-sized aluminium is caused to occur the product defectses such as cracking in process, cause scrapping of big-and-middle-sized aluminium, yield rate is low, production cost is high, energy consumption is large, affects the development of industry and the raising of field frequency competitiveness.Especially for some key core fields of China, large-scale high property function high-alloying aluminium as required in large aircraft, defence and military, space flight and aviation etc., domesticly also cannot produce at present, still needs a large amount of import.Main bottleneck is that China cannot produce high-quality high-performance high-alloying aluminium alloy blank, fail effectively to solve the component segregation in Slug preparing process, organize bigger than normal, the defects such as melt metallurgical is of poor quality.The preparation of the preparation can saying large-sized aluminium alloy blank especially large scale high-quality high-alloying aluminium alloy blank has become a key link of restriction Chinese large-sized aluminium quality and the market competitiveness.
The foundry engieering being used for preparing large scale alloy cast ingot conventional in the industrial production both at home and abroad at present mainly contains gentle/cunning foundry engieering of hot direct casting technology for making.So-called hot direct casting technology for making, be make a storage tank at crystallizer top light heat insulation material to be connected with chute, in storage tank, Melt Stability is more than liquidus temperature, and melt crystallization does not occur, also i.e. so-called " heat top ".The development of hot direct casting technology for making, effective crystal region height is diminished, the effect of secondary direct water-cooling is strengthened, and ingot casting surface quality significantly improves, and reduces the defect such as slag inclusion, pore, improve the inside quality of ingot casting to a certain extent, the crystalline structure fine uniform of ingot casting, segregation is little, improves the performance of ingot casting, simple to operate, production efficiency is high.But hot direct casting technology for making is liquid metal first to be contacted after coagulation with mold and is shaped, the contact of this metal and die wall is to casting the defect brought and be difficult to overcome, although hot direct casting technology for making obtains improvement to a certain extent, due to above-mentioned heat conduction distance not easily accurately control still can produce distinctive external waviness and the casting flaw such as inverse segregation, crackle.Ingot casting surface and internal soundness are not fundamentally improved.And sliding (cunning) foundry engieering of gas, (Airslip) technology is made in the sliding hot direct casting of gas of the Pneumatic type thermal direct casting technology for making mentioned as United States Patent (USP) 4157728 and the invention of Wagstaff company of the U.S..Be in Hot-Top mould, use lubricating oil and compressed air to form a kind of oil/gas mixed lubrication medium between crystallizer inwall and melt simultaneously, balance the pressure differential between itself and melt static pressure.This technology makes motlten metal be reduced by the heat of crystallizer wall, reduce the intensity of cooling of crystallizer wall, melt liquid cave shoals, ingot casting crystallization process is easy to feeding, not easily produce segregation, directly be subject to the effect of secondary cooling water from crystallizer ingot casting out, greatly strengthen intensity of cooling, refinement ingot casting grain structure.Therefore the ingot quality of Air-slip Casting production is better, becomes the main mode of production of producing alloy cast ingot at present.
But no matter be hot direct casting technology for making or gas/oil sliding foundry engieering, though improve surface quality and the internal soundness of ingot casting to a certain extent, but still fundamentally do not change the internal soundness of ingot casting, especially for the ingot casting of large scale high-alloying, organize thick, the casting flaw such as component segregation, crackle still to exist, inside ingot quality is still not high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to overcome current large scale ingot casting above shortcomings, avoid the adverse effect of electromagnetic agitation Kelvin effect, be conducive to obtaining and organize high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting that is more tiny, uniform composition, the technical barrier of the casting flaws such as organizing that solution prior art exists when preparing large scale high-alloying ingot casting is thick, component segregation, crackle, provides a kind of device of continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting.
A device for continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting, this device is by magnetic conduction plug, and heat top, mozzle, magnetic stirrer, cooling jacket, graphite annulus and crystallizer form; Described crystallizer inside studs with graphite annulus, the outer setting cooling jacket of described crystallizer, the top of described crystallizer arranges mozzle, described magnetic stirrer is arranged at the outside of mozzle, described heat top is arranged at the top of mozzle, described magnetic conduction plug is arranged at the heart portion of mozzle, forms a narrow gap passage between described magnetic conduction plug and mozzle inwall.
This device also comprises plug collet, and it is peripheral that described plug collet is arranged on magnetic conduction plug.
Described magnetic conduction plug is made up of the material of high magnetic permeability, and the relative permeability of magnetic conduction plug is 50-20000.Plug outer wall and mozzle inwall form narrow gap passage.Magnetic conduction plug material iron, mild steel, magnetic stainless steel, silicon steel, nickel, cobalt, iron-nickel alloy, ferrocobalt, ferrite, superconductor and other ferrimagnets.
Described magnetic stirrer is rotary EMS device; Described heat top, mozzle and plug collet are made up of insulation material.
Arrange the plug of a high magnetic permeability in water conservancy diversion die portion, plug outer wall and mozzle inwall form narrow gap passage; High magnetic permeability plug changes the distribution in magnetic field in aluminium alloy melt, and the magnetic field that magnetic stirrer produces forms a unimpeded magnetic circuit along the aluminium alloy melt in gap passage and magnetic conduction plug; Gap passage internal magnetic field is evenly distributed, and aluminium alloy melt is subject to uniform mixing power, and the temperature field of melt is with to become branch even.
Present invention also offers a kind of method of continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting, the method is on the basis of traditional electromagnetic agitating technology, in water conservancy diversion die portion, a magnetic conduction plug is set, magnetic conduction plug and mozzle inwall form a narrow gap passage, and the aluminium alloy melt in heat top flows out to converge in crystallizer along this gap passage and carries out solidifying being cooled to ingot casting.
A kind of method of continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting, comprise: in continuous production process, make magnetic stirrer and cooling jacket in running order, aluminium alloy melt is through melting and flowing in heat top after melt treatment, then melt is subject to the strong agitation of magnetic stirrer when gap passage flows, and melt flows out to converge in crystallizer and carries out solidifying being cooled to ingot casting.
The nominal input power of described magnetic stirrer is 3 ~ 100kW, and stirring frequency is 5 ~ 50Hz, and casting speed is 50 ~ 500mm/min, and the cooling water pressure of cooling jacket is 0.1 ~ 0.5Mpa.
Main technical principle of the present invention: the magnetic conductivity of magnetic conduction plug is large, and the magnetic conductivity of aluminium alloy melt is relatively very little, the setting of magnetic conduction plug changes the regularity of distribution in magnetic field in aluminium alloy melt, the magnetic field that magnetic stirrer produces forms a unimpeded magnetic circuit along the aluminium alloy melt in gap passage and magnetic conduction plug, although the magnetic conductivity of aluminium alloy melt is little, but under the impact of the powerful magnetic conductivity of magnetic conduction plug, in gap, the Distribution of Magnetic Field situation of alloy melt changes, the distribution of magnetic field in alloy melt is able to homogenising, the electromagnetic stirring force that aluminium alloy melt is subject to is very even, the temperature field of melt is with to become branch even.Thus avoid the adverse effect of the Kelvin effect that electromagnetic agitation produces.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) avoid the adverse effect of electromagnetic agitation Kelvin effect, be conducive to obtaining and organize high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting that is more tiny, uniform composition.Expand the range of application of electromagnetic agitating technology in high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting field.
(2) technical bottleneck that prior art prepares large-size aluminum alloy ingot is conducive to overcoming.The technical barrier of the casting flaws such as organizing of existing when especially solving preparation large scale high-alloying ingot casting is thick, component segregation, crackle.
(3) structure is simple, and cost of investment is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram of continuous production high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting.
Fig. 2 is aluminium alloy melt Distribution of Magnetic Field figure when arranging after magnetic conductive metal plug.
Fig. 3 is aluminium alloy melt Distribution of Magnetic Field figure when not arranging magnetic conductive metal plug.
Main Reference Numerals:
1 magnetic conduction plug 2 plug collet
3 heat top 4 mozzles
5 magnetic stirrer 6 cooling jackets
7 graphite annulus 8 crystallizers
9 ingot casting 10 gap passage
11 alloy melts
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, for the device schematic diagram of continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting of the present invention, this device is by magnetic conduction plug (metal mandrel of magnetic conduction) 1, and plug collet 2, heat top 3, mozzle 4, magnetic stirrer 5, cooling jacket 6, graphite annulus 7 and crystallizer 8 form.Crystallizer 8 inside studs with graphite annulus 7, the outer setting cooling jacket 6 of crystallizer 8, the top of crystallizer 8 arranges mozzle 4, magnetic stirrer 5 is arranged at the outside of mozzle 4, heat top 3 is arranged at the top of mozzle 4, magnetic conduction plug 1 is arranged at the heart portion of mozzle 4, and it is peripheral that plug collet 2 is arranged on magnetic conduction plug 1, forms a narrow gap passage 10 between magnetic conduction plug 1 and mozzle 4 inwall.
In this continuous casting ingot device, magnetic conduction plug 1 is made up of the material of high magnetic permeability, studs with plug collet 2 in its periphery, plug collet 2 is insulation material, its effect is mainly in order to prevent magnetic conduction plug 1 from corroding, alloy melt 11 produces and pollutes, and also prevents the temperature reducing alloy melt simultaneously.Magnetic conduction plug 1 material can be iron, mild steel, magnetic stainless steel, silicon steel, nickel, cobalt, iron-nickel alloy, ferrocobalt, ferrite, superconductor and other ferrimagnets.The relative permeability of magnetic conduction plug 1 is 50-20000.The outer wall of magnetic conduction plug 1 and plug collet 2 thereof and the inwall of mozzle 4 form a narrow gap passage 10.Heat top 3 and mozzle 4 are made up of insulation material.Alloy melt 11 in heat top 3 flows to stud with in the crystallizer 8 of graphite annulus 7 by gap passage 10 and is finally frozen into ingot casting 9.The Main Function of cooling jacket 6 is to provide cooling water, makes the melt in crystallizer 8 and ingot casting 9 carry out cooled and solidified.
Magnetic stirrer 5 is rotary EMS device; The effect of magnetic stirrer 5 produces electromagnetic stirring force, carries out strong stirring, make the temperature field of alloy melt 11 and become branch homogenising the alloy melt 11 in the path 10 of gap.
The said equipment is adopted to carry out the method for continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting, comprise: in continuous production process, make magnetic stirrer 5 and cooling jacket 6 in running order, aluminium alloy melt is through melting and flowing in heat top 3 after melt treatment, then melt is subject to the strong agitation of magnetic stirrer 5 when gap passage 10 flows, and melt flows out to converge in crystallizer 8 to carry out solidifying and is cooled to ingot casting 9.The nominal input power of described magnetic stirrer is 3 ~ 100kW, and stirring frequency is 5 ~ 50Hz, and casting speed is 50 ~ 500mm/min, and the cooling water pressure of cooling jacket is 0.1 ~ 0.5Mpa.
The method, on the basis of traditional electromagnetic agitating technology, mainly arranges a magnetic conduction plug 1 in mozzle 4 heart portion, and mozzle 4 heart portion arranges the plug of a high magnetic permeability, and plug outer wall and mozzle 4 inwall form narrow gap passage 10.High magnetic permeability plug changes the distribution in magnetic field in aluminium alloy melt, the magnetic field that magnetic stirrer 5 produces forms a unimpeded magnetic circuit along the aluminium alloy melt in gap passage 10 and magnetic conduction plug 1, gap passage 10 internal magnetic field is evenly distributed, aluminium alloy melt in gap passage 10 is subject to uniform mixing power, temperature field, with to become branch even, then flowed out and is converged to crystallizer 8 and solidify and be cooled to ingot casting 9.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, for arranging and not arranging magnetic conductive metal plug aluminium alloy melt Distribution of Magnetic Field figure time.Can see, the shear strength that the ingehious design of gap passage makes aluminium alloy melt wherein be subject to is larger, shears more violent, and the temperature field of aluminium alloy melt is with to become branch more even, be very beneficial for obtaining fine microstructures, evenly, the high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting of uniform composition.
Below for continuous production large scale high-quality 7075 aluminium alloy round cast ingot, further describe apparatus and method of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, this device is by magnetic conduction plug 1, and plug collet 2, heat top 3, mozzle 4, magnetic stirrer 5, cooling jacket 6, graphite annulus 7 and crystallizer 8 form.In this device, magnetic conduction plug 1 material is No. 45 steel.The material of plug collet 2 is aluminum silicate insulation material, and outer diameter is 200mm.Mozzle 4 internal diameter is 280mm, and graphite annulus 7 internal diameter is 304mm.Gap passage 10 width that plug collet 2 outer wall and mozzle 4 inwall are formed is 40mm.Magnetic stirrer 5 adopts rotary EMS device.
In continuous production process, 7075 aluminium alloy melts are through melting and flowing in heat top 3 after melt treatment, melt is subject to the strong agitation of magnetic stirrer 5 when gap passage 10 flows, the nominal input power of the magnetic stirrer 5 adopted is 5.8kW, stirring frequency is 40Hz, casting speed is 120mm/min, and cooling water pressure is 0.35Mpa.Finally obtain 7075 aluminium alloy cast ingots of fine microstructures, uniform composition.
Claims (8)
1. a device for continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting, is characterized in that: by magnetic conduction plug, heat top, mozzle, magnetic stirrer, cooling jacket, graphite annulus and crystallizer composition; Described crystallizer inside studs with graphite annulus, the outer setting cooling jacket of described crystallizer, the top of described crystallizer arranges mozzle, described magnetic stirrer is arranged at the outside of mozzle, described heat top is arranged at the top of mozzle, described magnetic conduction plug is arranged at the heart portion of mozzle, forms a gap passage between described magnetic conduction plug and mozzle inwall.
2. the device of continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described device also comprises plug collet, and it is peripheral that described plug collet is arranged on magnetic conduction plug.
3. the device of continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the relative permeability of described magnetic conduction plug is 50-20000.
4. the device of continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described magnetic conduction plug is iron, mild steel, magnetic stainless steel, silicon steel, nickel, cobalt, iron-nickel alloy, ferrocobalt, ferrite or superconductor.
5. the device of continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described magnetic stirrer is rotary EMS device.
6. the device of continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat top, mozzle and plug collet are made up of insulation material.
7. the method for a continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting, comprise the steps: in continuous production process, make magnetic stirrer and cooling jacket in running order, aluminium alloy melt is through melting and flowing in heat top after melt treatment, melt is subject to the stirring of magnetic stirrer when gap passage flows, and then melt flows out to converge in crystallizer and carries out solidifying being cooled to ingot casting.
8. the method for continuous production large scale high-quality aluminum alloy ingot casting according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the nominal input power of described magnetic stirrer is 3 ~ 100kW, stirring frequency is 5 ~ 50Hz, casting speed is 50 ~ 500mm/min, and the cooling water pressure of cooling jacket is 0.1 ~ 0.5Mpa.
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| CN105428276A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 | Indirect water cooling planetary transmission working stage |
| CN105057622B (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2016-08-31 | 中南大学 | A kind of method suppressing DC Cast aluminium alloy gold macroscopic segregation of cast ingot |
| WO2017113520A1 (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2017-07-06 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Device and method for treating a melt with high shear and strong electromagnetic stirring |
| CN107234220A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-10-10 | 东北大学 | A kind of pair of awkward silence at a meeting continuously prepares the technique that high-quality aluminum alloy justifies ingot casting |
| CN108436047A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-24 | 东北大学 | Resultant field prepares the device and method of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot |
| CN115921801A (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-04-07 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Method for modifying eutectic structure of large-size 4000-series aluminum alloy cast ingot |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN108436047A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-24 | 东北大学 | Resultant field prepares the device and method of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot |
| CN108436047B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-09-10 | 东北大学 | Resultant field prepares the device and method of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot |
| CN115921801A (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-04-07 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Method for modifying eutectic structure of large-size 4000-series aluminum alloy cast ingot |
| CN115921801B (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-10-10 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Method for modifying eutectic structure of large-size 4000-series aluminum alloy cast ingot |
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