CN108436047A - Resultant field prepares the device and method of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot - Google Patents
Resultant field prepares the device and method of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot Download PDFInfo
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- CN108436047A CN108436047A CN201810366771.0A CN201810366771A CN108436047A CN 108436047 A CN108436047 A CN 108436047A CN 201810366771 A CN201810366771 A CN 201810366771A CN 108436047 A CN108436047 A CN 108436047A
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- inductive coil
- aluminium alloy
- inner inductive
- crystallizer
- fine grain
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
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Abstract
A kind of resultant field prepares the device and method of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot, and device includes crystallizer, outer induction coil and inner inductive coil unit；Inner inductive coil unit is made of inner inductive coil, magnetic conduction sleeve and jacket, and magnetic conduction sleeve is internally provided with partition board；Inner inductive coil is located in the cavity below partition board.Method is：(1) melting obtains aluminium alloy melt；(2) it is passed through cooling water to cooling water jacket of crystallizer；External induction coil is powered；Aluminium alloy melt is poured into crystallizer；(3) cooling medium is passed through to cool down inner inductive coil；(4) inner inductive coil unit is inserted into molten bath, is powered to inner inductive coil, starts to cast, and aluminium alloy melt completes casting under resultant field effect.The device of the invention and method be conducive to obtain fine microstructures it is uniform, ingredient is uniform, the small high quality ingot casting of hot cracking tendency；And then large-sized aluminium alloy casting speed is improved, improve metallurgical quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to light-alloy casting technical field, more particularly to a kind of resultant field prepares big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium
The device and method of alloy cast ingot.
Background technology
As aluminium alloy is in communications and transportation, the development of aerospace field, the stability and uniformity of material property are carried
Higher requirement is gone out.Semi-continuous casting is the production most important method of aluminium alloy, has intensity of cooling big, and crystallization rate is fast,
The advantages that fine microstructures, high yield rate.But during aluminium alloy DC semi-continuous castings, liquid point depth is big, temperature gradient
Greatly, the coarse unevenness of tissue is caused, gross segregation is serious, especially when casting large-size aluminum alloy ingot.
Apply the outfields such as electric field, magnetic field, ultrasonic wave, mechanical agitation during semi-continuous casting to promote or inhibit convection current can
With uniform formation, inhibit gross segregation.Wherein, excellent microstructure can be obtained, reduce segregation, avoid splitting by applying electromagnetic field
Line and the high-quality aluminium alloy cast ingot for improving ingot surface quality.Currently, application mode of electromagnetic field during semi-continuous casting
Whether there is or not mould electromagnetic casting, fine grain electromagnetic casting, low frequency electromagnetic castings etc..Wherein, low frequency electromagnetic casting technique is on traditional heat top
Induction coil is set around crystallizer on the basis of casting and fine grain electromagnetic casting process, using lower frequency so that coil
The alternating magnetic field penetrating power of generation is stronger, the electromagnetic field utilization rate higher in casting process, in the melt using Lorentz force
Generate forced convection, uniform temperature field, crystallization relatively uniform progress in the melt, liquid point depth reduces, and ingot structure obtains
Refinement has been arrived, gross segregation is effectively reduced, has improved ingot quality.
Low frequency electromagnetic casting technique is that Northeastern University Cui builds loyalty etc. on the basis of electromagnetism fine grain casting technique, and use is lower
Frequency (is less than 50Hz), and induction coil, the method for continuous low frequency electromagnetic casting aluminium alloy strand are arranged around crystallizer；It utilizes
The low frequency electromagnetic field strong feature of permeability in the melt, is prepared for the aluminium alloy cast ingot of different size.It is thin not only to realize electromagnetism
Brilliant casting technique thinning microstructure improves the purpose of surface quality, and can greatly improve transgranular alloying element content, weakens macro
Segregation is seen, ingot casting anti-crack ability is improved.But due to the kelvin effect characteristic of electromagnetic field, even low frequency electromagnetic field, in metal
Depth of interaction in melt is also restrained, and especially when casting large scale ingot casting, ingot casting center electromagnetic field intensity is very
Weak, the electromagnetic field intensity of edge is very strong, causes it to be restricted to temperature field and at the ability of regulation and control of branch, to ingot structure
Uniformity controlling ability declines.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide device and sides that a kind of resultant field prepares big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot
Method increases two groups of induction coil assemblies on the basis of conventional aluminum alloys semi-continuous casting device, what two groups of induction coils generated
Electromagnetic field is complementary to one another, and makes in crystallizer entire melt under the action of electromagnetic field, solves the coarse unevenness of ingot structure, macroscopic view
The technical barriers such as segregation.
The present invention resultant field prepare big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot device include crystallizer, heat top 13,
Outer induction coil 11, inner inductive coil unit and dummy ingot 8；Outer induction coil 11 is located inside cooling water jacket of crystallizer 10；Crystallization
Device outer casing inner wall is inlaid with graphite annulus 12；Inner inductive coil unit is made of inner inductive coil 9, magnetic conduction sleeve 2 and jacket 1,
Magnetic conduction sleeve 2 is internally provided with partition board, cooling medium inlet pipe 14 on partition board and cooling media outlet pipe 15 pass through partition board and with
The external connection of inner inductive coil unit, for the cooling medium that circulates；It is closed cavity, inner inductive coil 9 below partition board
In in the cavity；Jacket 1 is embedded in 2 outer wall of magnetic conduction sleeve, and inner inductive coil 9 is connected by the two poles of the earth of conducting wire and power supply.
In above-mentioned apparatus, when inner inductive coil 9 is located at work predeterminated position, bottom end is located above 12 upper edge of graphite annulus
200mm is hereinafter, below 12 upper edge of graphite annulus in the range of 150mm or more.
In above-mentioned apparatus, 9 material of inner inductive coil is heat-resisting copper pipe or flat type copper wire, and the number of turns is 3~50 circles；Wherein work as inner sense
When to answer 9 material of coil be heat-resisting copper pipe, cooling medium inlet pipe 14 and cool down media outlet pipe 15 and be integrated with inner inductive coil
Structure.
The material of above-mentioned magnetic conduction sleeve 2 is iron, silicon steel, iron aluminum series alloy, iron Co-based alloy, ferrite or superconduction material
Material.
The material of above-mentioned jacket 1 is high-temperature resistant thermal insulating material, selects asbestos, alumina silicate felt or heat-resistant ceramic tube.
In above-mentioned apparatus, inner inductive coil unit is assembled together with lifting gear, the axis of inner inductive coil and crystallization
The axis of device overlaps.
The resultant field method for preparing big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot of the present invention be use above-mentioned apparatus, including
Following steps：
1, alloy melting is carried out in smelting furnace, and aluminium alloy melt is obtained after refined and standing；Dummy ingot is lifted to crystallization
Along position under graphite annulus in device；
2, it is passed through cooling medium to cooling medium inlet pipe and cooling media outlet pipe, keeps cooling medium stream logical, internally
Induction coil is cooled down；
3, cooling water is passed through into cooling water jacket of crystallizer；External induction coil is passed through alternating current；It is high to control melt temperature
In 50~100 DEG C of liquidus curve, aluminium alloy melt is poured into crystallizer, aluminium alloy melt stream is controlled by pouring mouth or shunting disk
Amount；
It 4, will be under inner inductive coil cell position after the liquid level of aluminium alloy melt in crystallizer reaches setting value
It adjusts, is inserted into the molten bath in crystallizer to work predeterminated position, alternating current or direct current are passed through to inner inductive coil, make interior induction
Coil generates alternating magnetic field or magnetostatic field, while opening casting machine and starting to cast, aluminium alloy in entire crystallizer in casting process
Melt is under the resultant field effect that inner inductive coil and outer induction coil generate, until completing casting obtains aluminium alloy casting
Ingot.
In the above method, stop importing melt after ingot casting reaches predetermined length, to inner inductive coil and outer induction coil
Power-off, stops providing cooling water into crystallizer, takes out aluminium alloy cast ingot, and casting terminates.
In the above method, when inner inductive coil is passed through alternating current, ac frequency is 5~50000Hz, current strength 5
~600A；When being passed through direct current, the intensity of direct current is 5~600A.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy cast ingot is billet or slab ingot；Diameter >=100mm of billet；Thickness >=100mm of slab ingot.
Above-mentioned cooling medium be air, argon gas, oil or water,
In the above method, the ac frequency that outer induction coil is passed through is 5~50Hz, and current strength is 5~600A.
In the above method, when inner inductive coil material is heat-resisting copper pipe, cooling medium is in inner inductive coil internal circulation
It is cooled down；When inner inductive coil material is flat type copper wire, cooling medium circulates outside inner inductive coil to be cooled down.
The present invention cardinal principle be：Inner inductive coil is passed through alternating current generation alternating magnetic field or DC current generation is quiet
Magnetic field, melt alternating current generate alternating magnetic field under the action of in a crystallizer heart district domain formed strong forced convection or
The magnetostatic field that direct current generates inhibits free convection, generates thermoelectricity magnetic effect；Outer induction coil is passed through alternating current and generates alternation magnetic
, the induced current in melt receives and forms strong force pair in crystallizer surface near zone under the action of Lorentz force
Stream；The electromagnetic field for making two groups of induction coils generate by adjusting the parameter of two induction coils is complementary to one another, and is made whole in crystallizer
A melt is under the action of electromagnetic field, and full and uniform temperature field and at branch avoids the adverse effect of surrender effect；Magnetic conduction
Sleeve is prepared by high-permeability material；The effect of collet is to reduce the heated of inner inductive coil and prevent the corrosion pair of magnetic conduction sleeve
The pollution of melt.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the invention that overcoming the adverse effect of Kelvin effect, is melted in entire crystallizer
The solidification behavior of body is happened under electromagnetic field effect, be conducive to obtain fine microstructures it is uniform, ingredient is uniform, and hot cracking tendency is small
High quality ingot casting；Using external inductive coil and center portion induction coil assembly stronger magnetic is obtained in molten bath edge and center portion simultaneously
, it realizes the strong effect for casting entire molten bath to DC, and then improve large-sized aluminium alloy DC casting speeds, improves large scale aluminium
The metallurgical quality of alloy DC ingot castings.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 prepares the knot of the device of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot for the resultant field in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Structure schematic diagram；
In figure, 1, collet, 2, magnetic conduction sleeve, 3, partition board, 4, water inlet, 5, water outlet, 6, aluminium alloy melt, 7, aluminium closes
Golden ingot casting, 8, dummy ingot, 9, inner inductive coil, 10, cooling water jacket of crystallizer, 11, outer induction coil, 12, graphite annulus, 13, Re Ding,
14, cooling medium inlet pipe, 15, cooling media outlet pipe；
Fig. 2 is traditional semi-continuous casting and 2524 aluminium alloy cast ingots (Φ 300mm) metallographic group prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1
Knit figure, in figure, the semi-continuous casting of (a) tradition, embodiment 1 (b).
Specific implementation mode
100~600mm of graphite annulus internal diameter of the present invention.
Heat top 80~600mm of internal diameter of the present invention.
The dummy ingot of the present invention is matched with crystallizer, and ingot casting is pulled out from crystallizer.
20~300mm/min of casting speed in the method for the present invention.
China and foreign countries of embodiment of the present invention induction coil is made of heat-resisting copper pipe or flat type copper wire, and the number of turns is 30~300 circles.
In the embodiment of the present invention material of magnetic conduction sleeve be iron, silicon steel, iron aluminum series alloy, iron Co-based alloy, ferrite or
Superconductor.
The material of jacket is high-temperature resistant thermal insulating material in the embodiment of the present invention, selects asbestos, alumina silicate felt or heat-resisting pottery
Porcelain tube.
When the inner inductive coil 9 of the present invention is located at work predeterminated position, bottom end is located at 200mm above 12 upper edge of graphite annulus
Hereinafter, below 12 upper edge of graphite annulus in the range of 150mm or more.
Embodiment 1
Resultant field prepares the apparatus structure of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot as shown in Figure 1, including crystallizer, heat
Top 13, outer induction coil 11, inner inductive coil unit and dummy ingot 8；Outer induction coil 11 is located inside cooling water jacket of crystallizer 10；
Crystallizer outer casing inner wall is inlaid with graphite annulus 12；Inner inductive coil unit is by 1 group of inner inductive coil 9, magnetic conduction sleeve 2 and jacket
At magnetic conduction sleeve 2 is internally provided with partition board, and the cooling medium inlet pipe 14 on partition board and cooling media outlet pipe 15 pass through partition board simultaneously
External with inner inductive coil unit is connected to, for the cooling medium that circulates；It is closed cavity, inner inductive coil 9 below partition board
In the cavity；Jacket 1 is embedded in 2 outer wall of magnetic conduction sleeve, the two poles of the earth that inner inductive coil 9 passes through conducting wire and alternating-current power supply
Connection；
9 material of inner inductive coil is flat type copper wire；
Inner inductive coil unit is assembled together with lifting gear, the axis of inner inductive coil and the axis weight of crystallizer
It closes；
Method includes the following steps：
Alloy melting is carried out in smelting furnace, and aluminium alloy melt is obtained after refined and standing；Dummy ingot is lifted to crystallizer
Along position under interior graphite annulus；
Chute is preheated, cooling water is passed through into cooling water jacket of crystallizer, is flowed into through water inlet 4, water outlet 5 flows out, externally
Induction coil is cooled down；Cooling water flow 120L/min；External induction coil is passed through alternating current；To cooling medium inlet pipe and
Cooling media outlet pipe is passed through cooling medium, keeps cooling medium stream logical, is cooled down to inner inductive coil；Cooling down medium is
Water；Cooling medium circulates outside inner inductive coil to be cooled down；
It controls melt temperature and is higher than 50~100 DEG C of liquidus curve, aluminium alloy melt is poured into crystallizer, by pouring mouth or divide
Flow table controls aluminium alloy melt flow；730 DEG C of cast temperature；
After the liquid level of aluminium alloy melt in crystallizer reaches setting value, inner inductive coil cell position is lowered,
It is inserted into the molten bath in crystallizer to work predeterminated position, alternating current or direct current is passed through to inner inductive coil, make the interior line of induction
Circle generates alternating magnetic field or magnetostatic field, while opening casting machine and starting to cast, and aluminium alloy is molten in entire crystallizer in casting process
Body is under the resultant field effect that inner inductive coil and outer induction coil generate, until completing casting obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot；
After ingot casting reaches predetermined length stop import melt, to inner inductive coil and outer induction coil blackout, stop to
Cooling water is provided in crystallizer, takes out aluminium alloy cast ingot, casting terminates；
Wherein 15 circle of inner inductive coil the number of turns is passed through alternating current, frequency 60Hz, current strength 200A；
Outer number of inductive coil turns is 50 circles, the ac frequency 30Hz being passed through, current strength 150A；
Aluminium alloy cast ingot is 2524 aluminum alloy round ingot of Φ 300mm, and ingot casting surface is smooth, without apparent cold shut, is cast through examining
Flawless inside ingot, shown in metallographic structure such as Fig. 2 (b), fine microstructures are uniform；
It is prepared with 2524 aluminum alloy round ingot of size, shown in metallographic structure such as Fig. 2 (a) using traditional semi-continuous casting.
Embodiment 2
With embodiment 1, difference is apparatus structure：
Inner inductive coil 9 is connected by the two poles of the earth of conducting wire and DC power supply；
9 material of inner inductive coil is heat-resisting copper pipe, cooling medium inlet pipe 14 and cooling media outlet pipe 15 and interior induction
Coil inside is connected to and is integrally formed structure, and the number of turns is 30 circles；
With embodiment 1, difference is method：
Cooling medium is cooled down in inner inductive coil internal circulation；Inner inductive coil is passed through direct current, current strength
100A；
Casting speed is improved by 60mm/min to 100mm/min；
Aluminium alloy cast ingot is 2524 aluminum alloy round ingot of Φ 300mm, and ingot casting surface is smooth, without apparent cold shut, through examining ingot casting
Internal flawless, fine microstructures are uniform, and ingot casting Quench layer thickness is reduced to 0.95mm by 3.86mm after casting speed improves, and reduce
Ingot casting following process cutting output, improves lumber recovery.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of resultant field prepares the device of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot, it is characterised in that including crystallizer, heat
Top 13, outer induction coil 11, inner inductive coil unit and dummy ingot 8；Outer induction coil 11 is located inside cooling water jacket of crystallizer 10；
Crystallizer outer casing inner wall is inlaid with graphite annulus 12；Inner inductive coil unit is by 1 group of inner inductive coil 9, magnetic conduction sleeve 2 and jacket
At magnetic conduction sleeve 2 is internally provided with partition board, and the cooling medium inlet pipe 14 on partition board and cooling media outlet pipe 15 pass through partition board simultaneously
External with inner inductive coil unit is connected to, for the cooling medium that circulates；It is closed cavity, inner inductive coil 9 below partition board
In the cavity；Jacket 1 is embedded in 2 outer wall of magnetic conduction sleeve, and inner inductive coil 9 is connected by the two poles of the earth of conducting wire and power supply.
2. a kind of resultant field according to claim 1 prepares the device of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot, special
When sign is that the inner inductive coil 9 is located at work predeterminated position, bottom end be located at 12 upper edge of graphite annulus top 200mm with
Under, below 12 upper edge of graphite annulus in the range of 150mm or more.
3. a kind of resultant field according to claim 1 prepares the device of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot, special
Sign is that 9 material of inner inductive coil is heat-resisting copper pipe or flat type copper wire, and the number of turns is 3~50 circles；Wherein when inner inductive coil 9
When material is heat-resisting copper pipe, cooling medium inlet pipe 14 and cooling media outlet pipe 15 are structure as a whole with inner inductive coil.
4. a kind of resultant field according to claim 1 prepares the device of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot, special
Sign is that the material of the magnetic conduction sleeve 2 is iron, silicon steel, iron aluminum series alloy, iron Co-based alloy, ferrite or superconductor.
5. a kind of resultant field according to claim 1 prepares the device of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot, special
Sign is that the material of the jacket 1 is high-temperature resistant thermal insulating material, selects asbestos, alumina silicate felt or heat-resistant ceramic tube.
6. a kind of method that resultant field prepares big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot, it is characterised in that use claim 1
The device, includes the following steps：
(1) alloy melting is carried out in smelting furnace, and aluminium alloy melt is obtained after refined and standing；It is lifted in dummy ingot to crystallizer
Along position under graphite annulus；
(2) it is passed through cooling medium to cooling medium inlet pipe and cooling media outlet pipe, keeps cooling medium stream logical, internally incudes
Coil is cooled down；
(3) cooling water is passed through into cooling water jacket of crystallizer；External induction coil is passed through alternating current；It controls melt temperature and is higher than liquid
50~100 DEG C of phase line, aluminium alloy melt is poured into crystallizer, and aluminium alloy melt flow is controlled by pouring mouth or shunting disk；
(4) after the liquid level of aluminium alloy melt in crystallizer reaches setting value, inner inductive coil cell position is lowered, is inserted
Enter in the molten bath in crystallizer to work predeterminated position, alternating current or direct current are passed through to inner inductive coil, make inner inductive coil
Alternating magnetic field or magnetostatic field are generated, while opening casting machine and starting to cast, aluminium alloy melt in entire crystallizer in casting process
Under the resultant field effect that inner inductive coil and outer induction coil generate, until completing casting obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot.
7. the method that a kind of resultant field according to claim 6 prepares big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot, special
Sign is when being that inner inductive coil is passed through alternating current in step (4), and ac frequency is 5~50000Hz, current strength is 5~
600A；When being passed through direct current, the intensity of direct current is 5~600A.
8. the method that a kind of resultant field according to claim 6 prepares big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot, special
Sign is that the ac frequency that step (2) China and foreign countries induction coil is passed through is 5~50Hz, and current strength is 5~600A.
9. the method that a kind of resultant field according to claim 6 prepares big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot, special
Sign is that, when inner inductive coil material is heat-resisting copper pipe, cooling medium is cooled down in inner inductive coil internal circulation；When interior
When induction coil material is flat type copper wire, cooling medium circulates outside inner inductive coil to be cooled down.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810366771.0A CN108436047B (en) | 2018-04-23 | 2018-04-23 | Resultant field prepares the device and method of big specification fine grain homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot |
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| CN110599877A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-20 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Demonstration device for several basic contents of charged body |
| CN110599876A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-20 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Method for demonstrating several basic contents of charged body |
| CN111451465A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-28 | 江苏华企铝业科技股份有限公司 | Equipment and process for producing large-size aluminum alloy round ingot |
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| CN108436047B (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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