CN104711212A - Bacillus thuringiensis L68 with chromium reduction and fixation effects and application - Google Patents
Bacillus thuringiensis L68 with chromium reduction and fixation effects and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental microbial remediation and particularly relates to bacillus thuringiensis L68 with chromium reduction and fixation effects and an application. The strain is collected in China Center For Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) and has a collection number of CCTCC NO:M2015078. The application of the separated bacillus thuringiensis L68 can reduce hexavalent chromium in soil into trivalent chromium, reduce chromium toxicity and effectively reduce an inhibition effect of hexavalent chromium on plant growth. The strain further can promote conversion of chromium from a water-soluble form and an exchangeable form to a carbonate bound form, a chromium iron manganese oxide bound form, an organic bound form and a residual form, thereby achieving a fixation effect on high-toxicity hexavalent chromium, reducing chromium bioavailability and reducing absorption of plants on chromium. A preliminary study shows that the strain has certain reference and utilization values in the application to chromium polluted soil remediation, thereby having a good practical application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental microorganism recovery technique field, be specifically related to a strain has reduction and the fixed action application of Tribactur L68 in chromium-polluted soil is repaired to chromium.Hexavalent chrome reduction can be trivalent chromium by this bacterium in pure culture and soil, promotes to utilize state chromium to utilize the conversion of state chromium to difficulty, reduces the toxicity of chromium, effectively reduces tobacco, Chinese cabbage to chrome uptake.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of global economy, heavy metal pollution problem has become one of more and more important environmental concern, and chromium (Cr) is a kind of heavy metal of extensive existence, is applied to the industries such as alloy, plating, process hides.Mainly exist with positive trivalent and positive hexavalent form in environment.Wherein, trivalent chromium is human body institute essential trace element, and sexavalent chrome has stronger toxic action to human body, has potential teratogenesis, mutagenesis and carinogenicity.Current China has had many places in succession to report therefore to become example because chromium-polluted soil and water body cause health of people to be endangered and become more and more important to the improvement of pollution of chromium environment.Heavy metal can enter human body by main flume during drawing tobacco, also can enter in human body by the food of dietary chromium content overproof, controls human body chrome uptake and preferably picks up from source, namely repair the soil of pollution of chromium.
And technology of repairing chromium contaminated soil common at present has immobilization/stabilization technology, chemical reduction technology, electric repairing technique etc.Immobilization/stabilization technology, refers to use the method for physics or chemistry to be fixed up by the chromium in soil, or chromium is changed into the inactive form of chemical property, stop it to move in the environment, spread.The principle of chemical reduction technology be some are relatively little to the damaging effect of environment, to hold facile chemical reducing agent by the hexavalent chrome reduction in soil be trivalent chromium, the trivalent chromium generated through reduction exists with chromium hydroxide or with other material with the form of co-precipitation, reduces the bioavailability of chromium.Electric repairing technique is by inserting by chromium-polluted soil by electrode, apply weak current by two electrodes and form electric field, the various electro kinetic effects (comprising electrodialysis, electromigration and electrophoresis etc.) that utilize electric field to produce drive chromium ion along direction of an electric field directional migration, thus chromium are enriched to electrode district and then carry out focusing on or being separated.And above recovery technique has high investment, high flow rate, is difficult to extensive utilization and easily causes the shortcomings such as secondary pollution.
Microorganism remediation technology is the characteristic utilizing microorganism self, by absorption, fixing, transform, to decompose and redox mechanism reaches the object of pollutant control.Because its cost is low, easy and simple to handle, the many merits such as secondary pollution can not be brought to receive much concern.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect overcoming prior art, one strain is had reduction and the Tribactur of fixed action to chromium and to be applied in chromium-polluted soil chromic reduction and fixing, reducing the toxicity of chromium, alleviate pollution of chromium and plant is reduced to chrome uptake to the restraining effect of plant-growth.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present inventor is separated screening the 73 thuringiensis strain bacilluss preserved and obtains bacterial strain Tribactur L68 chromium to reductive action from this laboratory, this original strain is separated in Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Hua Zhong Agriculture University Lion Rock soil, then be applied to the reparation of pollution of chromium Potted tobacco, Chinese cabbage soil after Tribactur L68 being adopted LB culture medium culturing, carry out associated verification.
The recovery scenario of bacterium Tribactur L68 of the present invention in chromium-polluted soil see
fig. 1shown techniqueflow.Employing adds external source potassiumchromate (K
2crO
4) method to come in simulated soil hexavalent chromium polluted, the amount of the potassiumchromate added is 80mg/kg soil, and chromic amount is 21.4mg/kg.Do not repair 4 different treatment such as group, chromatize microorganism remediation group and carry out the repairing effect of microorganisms by arranging two kinds of control groups such as blank, microbial control and chromatize (wherein the every basin of tobacco fills native 15kg, each process 10 repetition, the every basin of process of test Chinese cabbage fills native 3kg, each process 5 repetition).Potassiumchromate adds in soil in form of an aqueous solutions, and limit edged stirs soil, makes it to be uniformly distributed in soil.For preventing chrome liquor leaching loss, before soil sample dress basin, place a basin pad at basin bottom part.All add after in soil until potassium chromate solution and place about one day, the chromium added is balanced in soil.Described Tribactur L68 to be inoculated in the LB substratum of 5L (28 DEG C by the inoculum size of 1%, 160r/min) 30h cultivated by shaking table, collected by centrifugation somatic cells also suspends with physiological saline, obtain thalline suspension, then evenly admix in soil according to recovery scenario after thalline suspension and water being mixed and (do not add in the blank process of bacterium and only admix corresponding water), potted plant soil maintains after constant moisture places 3 days and starts to transplant cigarette seedling (or being sprinkled into Chinese cabbage seed), and each process stays 1 basin to change as Simulated Soil measuring content of 6-valence Cr ions.Each position chromium content in 50 days respectively after tobacco planting, 110 days (Chinese cabbage plantation latter 70 days) its economical characters of sampling and measuring and plant body, and carry out significance analysis, finally determine that bacterium L68 has obvious repairing effect to chromium-polluted soil.
The Strain Designation having a positive effect to pollution of chromium reparation that screening obtains by applicant is that Tribactur L68, Bacillus thuringiensis L68 delivers China on March 2nd, 2015. Wuhan. and Wuhan University's Chinese Typical Representative culture
preservationcenter
preservation, its
preservationnumber be CCTCC NO:M2015078
The biological characteristics of Tribactur L68:
Gramstaining is aobvious positive, and nourishing body is shaft-like, the blunt circle in two ends.In LB substratum, 24h starts to produce brood cell, and in the LB of the potassiumchromate containing 1mmol/L, 27h starts to produce brood cell, and brood cell's oval is glossy, and usually in thalline one end, parasporal crystal is at the thalline the other end, and form differs.
This bacterial strain
preservationmethod is: adopt the glycerine of 50% and isopyknic bacterial strain to mix and be stored in-80 DEG C of refrigerators.
By L68 bacterial strain by 1% inoculum size be inoculated into containing 1mmol/L potassiumchromate and not containing potassiumchromate LB substratum in, under 600nm wavelength, survey OD value, draw obtain bacterial strain L68 chromium concn 1mmol/L and not contain potassiumchromate culture condition under growth curve
as Fig. 2.Observe under phase microscope and see that the form of chromium on the thalline of Tribactur, brood cell, crystal is without impact, the form of brood cell's crystal
as Fig. 4.
More detailed technical scheme is as described in " embodiment ".
Accompanying drawing explanation
Sequence
table SeQ ID NO:1 is the nucleotide sequence of Tribactur L68 bacterial strain 16SrRNA.
fig. 1: be that Tribactur L68 of the present invention is applied to the flow process of repairing in chromium-polluted soil
figure.
fig. 2: be Tribactur L68 of the present invention respectively containing 1mmol/L potassiumchromate and not containing potassiumchromate LB in growth curve
figure.
fig. 3: be Tribactur of the present invention containing going back virgin curve in 1mmol/L potassiumchromate LB
figure.
fig. 4: be the thalli morphology of Tribactur L68 of the present invention under phase microscope
figure (10 × 100);
in figure: Spore represents brood cell, and Crystal represents its parasporal crystal.
fig. 5: the curve being Tribactur L68 reduction of hexavalent chromium in hexavalent chromium polluted soil in embodiment 2.
fig. 6: be tobacco Chinese cabbage Chromium in Soil fractions distribution per-cent in embodiment 3.Wherein
fig. 6in A
figurefor form chromium distribution percentage in Tobacco
figure;
fig. 6in B
figurefor form chromium distribution percentage in Chinese cabbage soil
figure;
in figurethe water-soluble state chromium of F1 generation table, F2 represents exchangeable species chromium, and F3 represents carbonate combined chromium, and F4 represents Fe-Mn oxide chromium, and F5 representative organically combines state chromium, and F6 represents residual form chromium.
fig. 7: the economical character being tobacco when testing after tobacco planting 110 days in embodiment 4.Wherein
fig. 7middle A
figurethe root dry weight of tobacco planting after 110 days;
fig. 7in B
figurethe stem weight of tobacco planting after 110 days;
fig. 7in C
figurethe leaf dry weight of tobacco planting after 110 days;
fig. 7in D
figurethe plant height of tobacco planting after 110 days.
fig. 8: be test in embodiment 4 Chinese cabbage plantation latter 70 days time Chinese cabbage biomass.Wherein
fig. 8middle A
figureit is the weight in wet base after Chinese cabbage plants 70 days;
fig. 8middle B
figureit is the dry weight after Chinese cabbage plants 70 days.
fig. 9: be tobacco different sites chromium content when testing after tobacco planting 110 days in embodiment 5.Wherein
fig. 9in A
figuretobacco planting 110 days back root part chromium content;
fig. 9in B
figuretobacco planting 110 Tian Hou stem chromium content;
fig. 9in C
figuretobacco planting 110 days posterior lobe portion chromium content;
fig. 9in D
figureit is tobacco planting total chrome content in plant after 110 days.
fig. 10: be chromium content when testing latter 70 days of Chinese cabbage plantation in embodiment 5 in Chinese cabbage leaf.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: Tribactur L68 is to reduction test chromic in solution
Tribactur L68 is accessed (LB culture medium prescription: Tryptones 10g/L in 5mLLB liquid nutrient medium; Yeast extract 5g/L; Sodium-chlor 10g/L; PH 7.0, high pressure steam sterilization 20min at 121 DEG C) after activated overnight, be switched to 50mL by 1/100 (v/v) inoculum size contain 1mmol/L potassiumchromate and do not contain in the fresh sterile LB medium of potassiumchromate, 28 DEG C, 160rpm shaking table is cultivated, every sampling in 3 hours, under 600nm wavelength, survey bacterial strain L68 at chromium concn 1mmol/L with not containing the growth curve under the culture condition of potassiumchromate
as Fig. 2shown in; The Tribactur L68 surveyed under 540nm wavelength goes back virgin curve under chromium concn 1mmol/L culture condition,
as Fig. 3shown in.
Embodiment 2: Tribactur L68 is to reduction test chromic in soil
In soil, content of 6-valence Cr ions measures and adopts thermokalite to clear up extraction method.Concrete grammar is: by soil sample natural air drying, crosses 60 mesh sieves, get 2.5g (exact value 0.01g) and be placed in 50mL triangular flask, add 50mL 0.28M/L Na after pulverizing
2cO
3the mixed alkali liquor of+0.5M/L NaOH, in wherein, adds 0.4g MgCl
2with the 0.5M K of 0.5mL
2hPO
4/ 0.5M KH
2pO
4the damping fluid be mixed with, Keep agitation 5-10min, 90 ~ 95 DEG C of heating 60min (uninterruptedly vibrate in heat-processed triangular flask).After having cleared up, remove soil sample residue with 0.45 μm of filter paper filtering and collect digestion solution, rinse digestion container, being incorporated in digestion solution after collecting rinse liquid.In digestion solution, add the nitric acid of 5.0M/L, regulate pH to 7.5 ± 0.5, if find pH<7 in regulate process, then need to discard digestion solution and re-start and clear up.Digestion solution regulates collecting by filtration filtrate after pH, adopts 0.45 μm of filter paper filtering, if produce flocks with 0.45 μm of membrane filtration to block filter opening, then changes more wide aperture filter paper filtering.After filtration completes shift filtrate in 100mL volumetric flask, be settled to 100mL with distilled water, with diphenyl carbazide spectrophotometry detect wherein chromic content (with reference to Chinese people's republicanism
country of statestandard, standard No. GB/T7467-1987, the chromic mensuration diphenyl carbazide spectrophotometry of water quality,
country's ringborder protection office, 1987-03-14, China Standards Press, 1987-07-01), after converting, namely content of 6-valence Cr ions in soil is obtained to surveyed data.
fig. 5virgin curve is gone back for Tribactur L68 in chromium-polluted soil.From
fig. 5in can find out:
After chromium-polluted soil applies bacterium L68, it makes the chromic content in soil decrease 73.3% in 50d, and finally makes the content of sexavalent chrome in soil have decreased to 1.03mg/kg.
Embodiment 3: Tribactur L68 tests the fixed action of Chromium in Soil
The existing forms of Chromium in Soil can be divided into following six kinds by the keying action according to different components in chromium and soil: water-soluble state chromium, exchange state chromium, carbonate combined chromium, iron and manganese oxides combined chromium, organically combine state chromium and residual form chromium.The wherein less stable of water-soluble state chromium and exchange state chromium, is easily absorbed by plant materials and utilizes, and the harm of pollution of chromium mainly comes from this two kinds of unstable forms, and then four kinds of chromium forms are comparatively stable, are not easy to be absorbed by plant materials and utilize.Therefore state chromium water-soluble in soil and exchange state chromium are converted into carbonate combined chromium, iron and manganese oxides combined chromium, combination state chromium and residual form chromium and contribute to the fixing of Chromium in Soil, reduce the bioavailability of chromium.
Adopt the continuous extraction (Tessier et al 1979) improved by certain native liquor ratio (specifically being undertaken by following operation steps), extract water-soluble state chromium, exchange state chromium, carbonate combined chromium, iron and manganese oxides combined chromium, organically combine state chromium and residual form chromium.
(1) water-soluble state chromium: take 1.0000g (being accurate to 0.0001g) soil sample in 10mL plastic centrifuge tube, add 10mL deionized water, with 200rpm sustained oscillation 1h under room temperature, then with the centrifugal 30min of 10000r/min, get supernatant liquor and measure wherein chromium content.Remaining soil sample is stayed for extracting exchangeable species chromium in former centrifuge tube, and the residue of test gives over to subsequent step and uses.
(2) exchangeable species chromium: upper step residue is added 1mol/L MgCl
2solution 8mL (pH=7.0), with 200rpm sustained oscillation 1h under room temperature, centrifugal by method same as described above, get supernatant liquor and measure wherein chromium content.Remaining soil sample is stayed in former centrifuge tube for extracting carbonate combined chromium.
(3) carbonate combined chromium: with adding solution 1.0mol/L NaAc solution 8mL (regulating pH=5 with HAc) in step residue, 25 DEG C with the velocity fluctuation 6h of 200rpm, centrifugal by method same as described above, get supernatant liquor and measure wherein chromium content.Remaining soil sample is stayed in former centrifuge tube for extracting iron and manganese oxides combined chromium.
(4) iron and manganese oxides combined chromium: add 0.04mol/L NH with step residue
2hAc (25%, V/V) the solution 8mL of OHHCl, keeps 6h (period interval concussion) in the constant water bath box of 96 ± 3 DEG C, centrifugal by above-mentioned identical method, gets supernatant liquor and measures wherein chromium content.Remaining soil sample is stayed and organically combine state chromium for extracting in former centrifuge tube.
(5) state chromium is organically combined: add 0.02mol/L HNO with in step residue
33mL, then the H adding 30%
2o
25mL (HNO
3regulate pH=2), in the thermostat container of 85 ± 2 DEG C, keep 2h (period stirs once every 10min); And then add 30%H
2o
23mL, continues in the thermostat container of 85 ± 2 DEG C, keep 3h (period stirs once every 10min); After taking out cool to room temperature, add 3.2mol/L NH
4ac HNO
3(20%, V/V) solution 5mL, 25 DEG C shake 0.5h continuously, centrifugal by aforesaid method, get supernatant liquor and measure wherein chromium content.Remaining soil sample is stayed in former centrifuge tube for extracting residual form chromium.
(6) residual form chromium: use HCI-HNO
3-HF-HClO
4carry out clearing up rear mensuration wherein chromium content (HJ 491-2009).
The test of the content of various form chromium all adopts " flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer " (Beijing Puxi General Instrument Co., Ltd) to measure above, experimental data adopts SPSS 17.0 software (http://www.ddooo.com/softdown/53379.htm) to analyze, wherein variance analysis adopts One-Way, ANOVA, Duncan detection method carries out the comparative analysis of data between each process, and significance level is p<0.05.
fig. 6middle A, B are expressed as tobacco, Chinese cabbage Chromium in Soil fractions distribution per-cent
figure, from
in figurecan find out, after adding Tribactur L68L68 in soil, effectively facilitate chromium and transformed to carbonate combined, iron and manganese oxides combined, combination state chromium, residual form by water-soluble state, exchangeable species.
Embodiment 4: the mitigation test that Tribactur L68 poisons plant chromium
Measure its plant height before being gathered in the 50th day, 110 days by Potted tobacco in the present invention, removed by the earth of its root after gathering, through completing, namely 110 DEG C, 30min, dry to constant weight, collect root, stem and leaf portion respectively and measure its dry weight for 70 DEG C; Chinese cabbage surveys its fresh weight in latter 70 days in plantation, and the method analyzed according to chemical analysis conventional sample is dried and claimed its dry weight.SPSS 17.0 software is adopted to analyze to experimental data, wherein variance analysis adopts One-Way, ANOVA, Duncan detection method to carry out the comparative analysis of data between each process, significance level is p<0.05, and significant difference adopts different small English alphabet to indicate.
Experimental result shows, in the present invention, applies Tribactur L68 and effectively can alleviate the restraining effect of chromium to tobacco, Chinese cabbage growth in chromium-polluted soil.
Embodiment 5: the restraining effect experiment that Tribactur L68 absorbs plant chromium
Utilize the method described in embodiment 3 to be completed by tobacco, dry after collect root, stem and leaf portion respectively, Chinese cabbage collect root leaf portion.100 mesh sieves are crossed after pulverizer is pulverized.Accurately take tobacco (Chinese cabbage) each position powdered sample 2.0000g (being accurate to 0.0001g) in nickel crucible, to be placed on electric furnace little live charcoalization to after smokeless, be placed on 550 DEG C of dry ashing 6h in retort furnace, after dry ashing completes, taking-up crucible is cooled to room temperature, powdered sample after dry ashing is transferred in digestion tube, adds 10mlHNO
3-HClO
4(volume ratio 4:1) mixing acid, on electric furnace, little fiery heat treated is extremely near dry, does not make (the note: if ashing not thoroughly, then after being heated near doing, then adds appropriate HNO that dries up
3-HClO
4(volume ratio 4:1) mixed solution processes to without carbon granule repeatedly), cooling, add 5ml salt acid elution digestion tube for several times, washings is incorporated in volumetric flask, is settled to scale marks, shakes up, to be measured, does reagent blank contrast simultaneously.
Data acquisition SPSS 17.0 software recorded is analyzed, wherein variance analysis adopts One-Way, ANOVA, Duncan detection method carries out the comparative analysis of data between each process, significance level is p<0.05, and significant difference adopts different small English alphabet to indicate.
fig. 9for chromium total amount in chromium content in tobacco root, stem, leaf portion and tobacco body,
fig. 10 is chromium content in cabbage leaf, by
fig. 9,
fig. 10 can find out: in the present invention, Tribactur L68 is applied in chromium-polluted soil, can obviously suppress tobacco, Chinese cabbage to chrome uptake, analysis may be that Tribactur L68 is to the chromium fixed action in soil, reduce the bioavailability of chromium, thus decrease plant to chrome uptake.
Leading reference
1. yellow along red. chromium slag muck field pollution of chromium feature and the research of chromium-polluted soil microorganism remediation thereof. [Ph.D. Dissertation]. Changsha: Central South University
figurebook shop, http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Thesis_Y1538763.aspx, 2009;
2. Soviet Union is green for a long time. the micro-reduction of Cr (VI) and the stability study of Cr (III) in chromium-polluted soil. [master thesis]. Changsha: Central South University
figurebook shop, http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Thesis_Y1718920.aspx, 2010;
3.B R James,Remediation by reduction strategies for chromate contaminated soils.Environ Geochem.Health,2001,23:175–179
4.Jinxia Yang,Minyan He,Gejiao Wang Removal of toxic chromate using free and immobilized Cr(VI)-reducing bacterial cells of Intrasporangium sp.Q5-1.World J Microbiol Biotechnol,2009,25:1579-1587。
Claims (3)
1. a strain has the Tribactur of reductive action and fixed action to sexavalent chrome, and this bacterial strain is Tribactur L68, is deposited in China typical culture collection center, and its preserving number is CCTCC NO:M2015078.
2. the application of Tribactur according to claim 1 in hexavalent chromium polluted Potted tobacco soil remediation.
3. the application of Tribactur according to claim 1 in hexavalent chromium polluted potted plant Chinese cabbage soil remediation.
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CN108441441A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-08-24 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of the Leersia Sw endogenetic bacteria with reduction of hexavalent chromium |
CN112159786A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-01-01 | 河北科技大学 | Cr (VI) reducing strain C6, and culture condition and application thereof |
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CN105255782A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-01-20 | 四川省兰月科技有限公司 | Cellulosimicrobium cellulans with reducing capacity on hexavalent chromium and application |
CN105255782B (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2019-04-12 | 四川省兰月科技有限公司 | There is fiber bacterium and the purposes of reducing power to Cr VI |
CN105798059A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-27 | 厦门人天景农业科技有限公司 | Method for treating heavy metal in soil |
CN108441441A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-08-24 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of the Leersia Sw endogenetic bacteria with reduction of hexavalent chromium |
CN108441441B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2021-06-15 | 桂林理工大学 | Preparation method and application of Leersia hexandra endophytic bacteria capable of reducing hexavalent chromium |
CN112159786A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-01-01 | 河北科技大学 | Cr (VI) reducing strain C6, and culture condition and application thereof |
CN112159786B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-03-01 | 河北科技大学 | Cr (VI) reducing strain C6, and culture condition and application thereof |
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