CN104709827B - Lifting limiting control system, hoisting mechanism and crane - Google Patents
Lifting limiting control system, hoisting mechanism and crane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104709827B CN104709827B CN201510122508.3A CN201510122508A CN104709827B CN 104709827 B CN104709827 B CN 104709827B CN 201510122508 A CN201510122508 A CN 201510122508A CN 104709827 B CN104709827 B CN 104709827B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lifting
- photoswitch
- photo
- disk
- limit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C15/00—Safety gear
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a lifting limiting control system, a hoisting mechanism and a crane. The lifting limiting control system comprises a photoelectric rotation detection device and a limiting controller, wherein detection signals generated by the photoelectric rotation detection device are transmitted to the limiting controller; the photoelectric rotation detection device is provided with a to-be-detected rotation disk assembled with a corresponding shaft of a speed reducing mechanism, and a static bracket for detection; the static bracket is over against the rotation disk and is equipped with a photoelectric switch; the photoelectric rotation detection device is provided with at least one detection unit; each detection unit consists of an eccentric hole formed in the rotation disk, and a group of photoelectric switches arranged on the static bracket; and the photoelectric switches are distributed on corresponding arc lines of the eccentric holes and used for transmitting the detection signals. The size of the whole photoelectric rotation detection device is reduced, the device is convenient to mount, and the lifting limiting control system operates reliably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lifting limit control system, lifting mechanism and crane, especially there is the spacing work(of lifting
The lifting mechanism of energy and the crane of the lifting mechanism using such lifting limit function.
Background technology
Need in crane and some lifting mechanisms to force to stop lifting action in upper and lower restraining position, this is accomplished by being equipped with
Lifting limit control system.Lifting limit control system refers to rise to limit position when mechanisms such as raising suspension hook, platform or cages
When putting or dropping to extreme position, the control unit of motor is signaled to so as to not by lifting limit control system
Receive forward or reverse signal again, the mechanism such as suspension hook of the position that reached capacity does not continue to rise or fall, and makes brake
A kind of operation safety protection control system of band-type brake.
There is mechanical control in existing ripe lifting limit control system and electronic type controls.
Mechanical control is primarily present two kinds.One is to realize connecing by the drive pull bar that horizontally slips of rope guide on reel
Nut axial motion in the work of tentaculum, or reel afterbody sliding cross coupling drive screw rod realizes catalyst work
Make, thus controlling lifting height；Another is using being the work controlling travel switch by weight, when lifting hook pulley touches weight
When, travel switch works, and to realize controlling height.These products are often because mechanical wear reduces precision or mechanical damage loses work
With.
Electronic type controls and is mainly encoder (incremental encoder and absolute type encoder), and adopts and encoder phase
The photo-electric rotation detecting device of same principle.The cardinal principle of photo-electric rotation detecting device is by detecting the transmission such as elevator
The angle that equipment turns over measures the height that suspension hook rises, declines indirectly.Electronic type control system is embedded system, mainly by light
Electric-type rotation detecting device and limit controller part composition, the control output of limit controller and motor start-stop controller
And arrestment mechanism controller controls connection.Photo-electric rotation detecting device is used for measuring rotational angle, the number of turns, forward or reverse
Information, the information detecting is sent to limit controller, and limit controller carries out accumulation calculating according to these information, and calculating is hung
The actual height of hook；And by being compared with the upper height limit setting, lower limit, judge whether to need to shut down.Spacing control
Utensil processed has display screen to be used for showing above- mentioned information.Limit controller has data input unit and is used for inputting setup control amount
(as upper height limit, lower limit, pulley block ratio, reducing gear speed reducing ratio etc.).
Encoder specific constructive form is a lot, but most basic structure is photoelectric code disk and photoswitch (photoswitch bag
Include Optical Transmit Unit corresponding with photoelectric code disk, light receiving unit, the signal generating circuit for opto-electronic conversion).Photoelectric code disk
On can rule in a circumferential direction setting light transmitting grids (or formed be capable of reflecting light groove).When photoelectric code disk rotation
When, photoswitch produces the pulse signal synchronous with grid, thus realizing measurement using these pulse signals.
The spacing control of hoisting is using the problem of encoder:
1, measured using encoder and there is a problem of starting and deboost phase easily generation blurred signal.This be due to
Crane is heave-load device, with the deboost phase, strong chatter can occur starting, and makes continuously multiple pulses that encoder exports
Obscurity boundary between signal, it is impossible to accurately identify raising distance, leads to when starting, suspension hook is actual have been running for one section away from
From, and encoder no count；Or in braking, after starting braking, encoder is also counted suspension hook.
In addition, for the code-disc using coating groove, chatter also can cause groove to depart from, and longtime running also can make quarter
Line is aging, and the pollution of dust simultaneously also can affect testing result.
2, motor drives reel, reel winding or release rope thus realizing the mechanisms such as suspension hook through reducing gear
Raising or decline；Wherein, encoder is arranged in the low speed rotating shaft of reducing gear reduction of speed.Purpose due to measurement is to obtain
The rope length that rises, decline, low speed rotating shaft rotates a circle that corresponding rope rises, the length that declines is to determine (with
Drum diameter and suspension hook multiplying power are relevant), so the precision of measurement depends on the interval angles between above-mentioned grid (groove), interval
Angle is bigger, then the precision of measurement is lower, and interval angles are less, then the precision of measurement is higher.
Improve certainty of measurement and can improve the precision of lifting altitude control such that it is able to rise or fall the stage, it is to avoid
Reach the overrun condition when upper limit or lower limit to occur.
At present, in order to improve certainty of measurement, enable to improve the start-stop height and position precision of extreme position, prior art
All pay close attention to and so that the interval angles between grid is diminished by increasing grid quantity.But, do not increasing photoelectric code disk size
In the case of, because being limited by photoelectric code disk area and the limiting of sensor resolution capability, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase grid quantity be to have
Limit that is to say, that the precision of measurement is also limited.If increasing photoelectric code disk size although grid quantity can be increased,
But the volume of testing equipment also can mutually strain greatly, and excessive volume is not suitable for in-site installation at all and uses, so increasing code
Disk size is also limited by installation space.
In sum, during existing lifting mechanism application, not only start and the stability of deboost phase is low, measurement error is big；
And the precision that lifts measurement is also restrained, leads to not realize high-acruracy survey and control.So hoisting controls especially
It lifted limit situation and disconnected rope pendant formal matter in starting and deboost phase therefore happened occasionally, and uses to site operation or equipment and brings
Potential safety hazard.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of lifting limit control system, easily produce mould to solve to start with the deboost phase
The problem of paste signal None- identified.Meanwhile, the present invention also aims to providing a kind of corresponding lifting mechanism and crane.
For achieving the above object, the lifting limit control system scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of lifting limit control system, including photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, photo-electric rotates inspection
The detection signal that survey device sends is sent to limit controller, the control output of limit controller and motor start-stop controller
And arrestment mechanism controller controls connection；Described photo-electric rotation detecting device has one for the respective shaft with reducing gear
Assembled detected with rotate disk and one and rotation disk just to, the detection that is provided with photoswitch is with static
Frame；Described photo-electric rotation detecting device has at least a set of detector unit, and often set detector unit is by rotating on disk setting
On one eccentric orfice and stationary bracket, one group of photoswitch of setting is constituted, and each photoswitch is distributed in and above-mentioned eccentric orfice pair
On the circular arc line answered, photoswitch is used for sending described detection signal.
Further, photo-electric rotation detecting device has the detector unit of two sets or more than two sets.
Further, described rotation disk is assemblied on the high speed shaft of gear.
Further, three photoswitches of described often set detector unit are uniformly distributed on corresponding circular arc line.
Present invention also offers a kind of lifting mechanism applying above-mentioned lifting limit control system, including reducing gear and volume
Cylinder mechanism, reducing gear is used for connecting motor by high speed shaft, and reducing gear passes through slow-speed shaft with drum mechanism built transmission even
Connect, high speed shaft is equipped with arrestment mechanism；Lifting mechanism also includes lifting limit control system, and lifting limit control system includes
Photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, the detection signal that photo-electric rotation detecting device sends is sent to spacing control
Device, the control output of limit controller is connected with motor start-stop controller and the control of arrestment mechanism controller；Described photoelectricity
Formula rotation detecting device has one and rotates disk and one for detected the using that the respective shaft with reducing gear is assembled
With rotate disk just to, the detection stationary bracket that is provided with photoswitch；Described photo-electric rotation detecting device have to
Few a set of detector unit, often set detector unit is by rotating one of setting in an eccentric orfice of setting on disk and stationary bracket
Group photoswitch is constituted, and each photoswitch is distributed on circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice, and photoswitch is used for sending institute
State detection signal.
Further, described limit controller enters limit by row by the contact of a relay device to motor and brake
Position power-off controls.
Further, photo-electric rotation detecting device has the detector unit of two sets or more than two sets.
Further, described rotation disk is assemblied on the high speed shaft of gear.
Further, three photoswitches of described often set detector unit are uniformly distributed on corresponding circular arc line.
Present invention also offers a kind of apply above-mentioned lifting mechanism crane, including by motor, reducing gear and
The lifting mechanism of drum mechanism built composition, motor is in transmission connection with reducing gear by high speed rotating shaft, and reducing gear passes through low
Fast axle and drum mechanism built are in transmission connection, and high speed shaft is equipped with arrestment mechanism；Lifting mechanism also includes lifting limit control system,
Lifting limit control system includes photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, the inspection that photo-electric rotation detecting device sends
Survey signal and be sent to limit controller, the control output of limit controller is controlled with motor start-stop controller and arrestment mechanism
Device controls connection；Described photo-electric rotation detecting device has one for tested with what the respective shaft of reducing gear was assembled
Survey rotate disk and one and rotation disk just to, the detection stationary bracket that is provided with photoswitch；Described photo-electric
Rotation detecting device has at least a set of detector unit, often set detector unit by an eccentric orfice rotating on disk setting and
Setting one group of photoswitch on the stationary bracket is constituted, and each photoswitch is distributed in circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice
On, photoswitch is used for sending described detection signal.
Further, described limit controller aligns the superposition of the reversion number of turns by embedded chip, indicates raising in real time
Height and position, and motor and brake are entered when crane hook closes on upper and lower extreme position by the contact of a relay
The power-off of limit by row position controls.
Further, photo-electric rotation detecting device has the detector unit of two sets or more than two sets, and by embedded
The chip collection detection signal covering detector unit carries out lifting altitude instruction and controls more.
The hole being arranged in rotation dish with respect to existing detection means due to the photo-electric rotation detecting device of the present invention
Greatly reducing, and the corresponding photoelectric cell arranging on the stationary bracket increases, thus substantially reducing manufacturing cost, reducing whole dress
The size put, makes the convenient installation of device, reliable.
Because each detector unit is using by the way of rotating setting single hole on disk, aperture can be made larger, it is to avoid
The signal boundary that in prior art, the position changing of the relative positions of adjacent grid causes obscures, and the border producing signal is very clear；Simultaneously
Disk body can be made to firmer, compact so that starting and the vibration equipment of deboost phase and deformation are to rotating disk
Impact is minimum, can ignore.Using this detector unit, equipment is made to run very reliable.
Lifting mechanism and crane that the present invention provides, are used for high speed shaft is turned by installing on the high speed shaft of lifting mechanism
To the electronic type rotation detection device measuring with amount of spin, and the speed reducing ratio of reducing gear typically 20 40 it
Between, the Photoelectric Detection labelling of this code-disc being equivalent to the winding plant to be transferred on low speed rotating shaft side encrypted 20 40 times or
Person's manyfold the larger of code-disc, this is not attainable for existing detection structure, the present invention is in high speed shaft
Upper installation electronic type rotation detection device, detection and control accuracy improve 20 40 times, make lifting mechanism lift measurement
The raising of precision reaches the 10 digit orders of magnitude (if original control accuracy is in meter level, the present invention can reach a centimetre grade), surveys
Amount obtain significantly improving with control accuracy at all, be truly realized high-acruracy survey and control, from substantially avoiding starting and
The measurement error of deboost phase and the accumulation of error raising being led to and the generation declining limit, have prevented site operation or equipment
Potential safety hazard in use.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the lifting limit control system structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the front view of the photoelectric detection device in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the axonometric chart of Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is the circuit layout schematic diagram of limit controller；
Fig. 6 is the workflow diagram of lifting limit control system height limit；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the photoelectric detection device of redundant fashion；
Fig. 8 is lifting mechanism structural representation；
Fig. 9 is schematic view of the mounting position in lifting mechanism for the photoelectric detection device.
Specific embodiment
Lifting limit control system embodiment
As shown in figure 1, a kind of lifting limit control system, including photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, light
The detection signal that electric-type rotation detecting device sends is sent to limit controller, the control output of limit controller and motor
Start-stop controller and arrestment mechanism controller control connection.
Photo-electric rotation detecting device has one and turns for detected the using that the respective shaft with reducing gear is assembled
Dynamic disk and one with rotate disk just to, the detection stationary bracket that is provided with photoswitch；Photo-electric rotates detection dress
Put and there is a set of detector unit, often set detector unit by an eccentric orfice rotating on disk setting and is arranged on stationary bracket
On one group of photoswitch constitute, each photoswitch is distributed on circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice, and photoswitch is used for
Send described detection signal.
Photoswitch is used for detection and rotates the corresponding eccentric orfice on disk.Eccentric orfice (can also adopt other using circular hole
Shape).The direction of rotation rotating disk can easily be determined using three photoswitches.If photoswitch quantity is further
Increase, accuracy of detection can also be further provided for.Photoelectric sensor is evenly arranged on the stationary bracket, and three photoswitches are formed
Article one, circular arc line corresponding with heart hole.
When eccentric orfice is through photoswitch, photoswitch produces state switching, generates jump signal.Limit controller leads to
Cross the jump signal that each photoswitch is sent to detect, such that it is able to measuring the steering rotating disk, rotating the letter such as number of turns
Number.Limit controller can be shown to these signals by display screen, and control data importation is keyboard, for inputting
Setup parameter.As other embodiment, display screen and keyboard can also be realized with touch screen.
In order to enter action balance, the disk body that rotates disk is additionally provided with simultaneously corresponding eccentric orfice is carried out dynamically balanced
Dynamic balance weight.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings particular technique means are illustrated one by one.
Wherein, photoelectricity rotation detection device is as shown in Fig. 2,3 and 4.Main inclusion two parts, rotate disk and static
Frame.
With regard to rotating disk, as shown in Fig. 2,3 and 4, it has the disc-shaped body 11 that axis extends in left-right direction, circle
On lib 11, eccentric setting has the through hole 13 that axis extends in left-right direction.Disc-shaped body 11 passes through excircle and inner circle
14 form an annular rotates disk, intermediate formation circular channel 6, and circular channel 6 is used for wearing rotating shaft.
As other embodiment, if rotating disk to be arranged on the end of rotating shaft it is also possible to be not provided with above-mentioned circular logical
Road, and corresponding groove structure is set.
One eccentric orfice, i.e. through hole 13 are arranged on disc-shaped body 11.If rotating disk to be arranged on high speed shaft, can have
Higher rotating speed, can lead to disc-shaped body 11 mass unbalanced, in order to compensate the rotary inertia that this through hole causes after perforate
Loss, installs mass compensation block 12 additional, it is and through hole on the connection straight line at the center of circle of disc-shaped body 11 and through hole 13 center
The solid circles block of 13 eccentric settings.Through hole 13 rotary inertia is reduced to the rotary inertia to disc centre for the barycenter, through hole 13
Rotary inertia is i1=m1r1 2, wherein, m1For the original quality of throughhole portions, that is, the quality losing；r1It is through hole center to turning
The distance of dynamic disc centre.For compensating the rotary inertia of this part, mass compensation block 12 is used to the rotation rotating disk rotary shaft
Measure and beWherein m2For the quality of mass compensation block, r2For mass compensation block center to rotating disc centre
Distance.Specific m2And r2Can as the case may be depending on, as long as the rotation of the rotary inertia that obtains of its product and through hole loss is used to
Amount is equal.
Rotate disk and may be mounted at the corresponding high speed shaft of reducing gear it is also possible to be arranged on the corresponding low speed of reducing gear
Rotating shaft, when being arranged on high speed shaft, can greatly improve accuracy of detection.See that lifting mechanism is implemented with regard to being discussed in detail of installation site
Example.
With regard to another important composition partial silence support 2 of photo-electric rotation detecting device, rotating disk
Right side fixed placement, stationary bracket 2 is c type support, and stationary bracket 2 has the lacking along the radial direction loading of stationary bracket 2 for rotating shaft
Mouthful, i.e. rotating shaft passes through this support, and does not contact this support, and so setting is not only able to facilitate the assembling of support, and guarantees height
Fast axle well rotates.Rotate disk to rotate with high speed shaft, stationary bracket 2 is actionless for frame, and with
It is relatively independent for rotating disk.
It is provided with stationary bracket 2 for photoswitch corresponding with through hole 13.Photoswitch includes launching letter to through hole
Number and the signal projector of receipt signal and signal receiver.Photoswitch includes correlation and reflective, and correlation light is established by cable
The signal projector in the Central Shanxi Plain and signal receiver are detached, are co-axially located at the both sides of object, situation about being interrupted in light beam
Under can produce the change of switching signal；Signal projector in reflective photoelectric switch and signal receiver are arranged on one piece,
From the light beam that emitter sends in object at reflected after return receptor, a switching signal can be produced when light beam is interrupted
Change.
In present embodiment, because stationary bracket is arranged on the right side rotating disk, then select reflective photoelectric switch.Make
For other embodiments, if selecting correlation photoswitch, the shape of stationary bracket will change, and stationary bracket exists
The left side rotating disk needs to increase corresponding supporting construction, for supporting a part of device of photoswitch.Stationary bracket is also
Can there are other embodiments, such as: in one plugging sheet of the supporting setting in the upper end of c type support, by the breach of c type support
Block, form the shape of a closing, high speed shaft surrounds wherein.
Here so that representative infrared external reflection switchs as a example, this infrared external reflection switch as reflective photoelectric switch and
The signal of transmitting is infrared signal.
Infrared external reflection switch can set the distance of detection.If there is object in here distance to have blocked infrared external reflection switch
The infrared ray of transmitting, infrared external reflection switch can present different from the state (high level and low level) not having during object.Here
Place, when infrared ray is passed through rotating the through hole on disk, can produce, different from rotation disk, signaling reflex be returned infrared external reflection
State during switch.
As shown in Fig. 2,3 and 4, three infrared external reflection switches are static to be evenly arranged in the range of a circumference (i.e. 360 °)
On support 2, that is, the interval angles between three switches are 120 °.Limit controller is simultaneously connected with these three switches, in through hole
The heart is equal to the distance at the center rotating disk and the radius of this circumference.These three infrared external reflections switch is parallel type, that is, three
Individual switch is detected simultaneously, judges by limit controller which the difference of the three infrared external reflection on off states detecting to judge
One infrared external reflection switch has passed through through hole, and carries out the series of computation such as counting.In the present embodiment, through hole 13 is infrared with three
Reflex switch defines a set of detector unit.
When assuming that suspension hook rises, the direction that motor rotates is to rotate forward；When suspension hook declines, the rotation direction of motor is reversion.
Limit controller is previously embedded the program having woven, and is received and other two according to certain in three infrared external reflection switches
The time order and function order differing state judges rotating forward or the reversion of reel.Assume the state head when infrared external reflection switch 31
When first showing as by circular hole, if the next one show as this state be infrared external reflection switch 32, show that at this moment motor is just
Turn；What if the next one received signal be infrared external reflection switch 33 then it represents that at this moment motor be reversion.If working as state table first
When being now that 32 or infrared external reflection switch 33 are switched for infrared external reflection by the switch of circular hole, in the same manner.
Although not can determine that the rotation side of slewing circle disk in detection if only arranging a Photoelectric infrared switch
To, but also the adjustable height of device can be detected.If two photoswitches of setting, two photoswitches are made not locate
In same diametrically, can by detect two photoswitches signal switching interval judge direction of rotation.
Limit controller 5 and the base plate for being fixed on control device on support are fixedly installed on stationary bracket 2
4.Limit controller 5 is including single-chip microcomputer.Single-chip microcomputer connects infrared external reflection switch, particularly as follows: Single-chip Controlling connects signal
Emitter, sampling connects signal receiver.Processed according to the data signal of infrared external reflection switch transmission.Limit controller
5 as shown in figure 5, be made up of single-chip microcomputer 51, relay 52, audion 53, buzzer 54, group of four figures pipe 55 and keyboard 56.Continue
Electrical equipment 52 is used for controlling the start-stop of lifting motor and brake, and buzzer 54 is used for reporting to the police.
Limit controller may be mounted in stationary bracket, forms entirety with photo-electric rotation detecting device, as other
Limit controller it is also possible to limit controller is separately positioned with photo-electric rotation detecting device, is such as installed by embodiment
In driver's cabin, now photo-electric rotation detecting device needs to arrange output signal port, and limit controller is also provided with corresponding interface.
When installing at the scene, the interface of signal port and limit controller is attached.
Display with regard to raising data and control data importation, can be arranged on the installation site of limit controller,
Driver's cabin can also be installed to, facilitate human pilot, or even can also be provided separately.
Because the self structure of various kinds of equipment and working environment are different, the reductor speed reducing ratio of mechanism itself is different,
Pulley block ratio is different, and drum diameter is also different, and the lifting altitude being limited differs.Thus reasonably judge raising for reaching
(or decline) height the purpose of power alarm, add input module (i.e. keyboard 56) in limit controller 5.It is being installed to not
After same elevating mechanism, can be according to the lifting altitude of practical situation input restriction, initial position, reductor speed reducing ratio, reel
Diameter and lifting mechanism multiplying power.So that single-chip microcomputer is calculated according to signal infrared external reflection switch is detected, judge suspension hook, liter
The positions that whether reach capacity such as fall platform, cage.
Group of four figures pipe 55 primarily serve the purpose of input when as auxiliary equipment, in order to point out operator next step needs
The parameter of input.In addition, working as lowering or hoisting gear, during such as crane hoisting suspension hook, group of four figures pipe can also add additionally
Function, such as display average speed is for reference.When raising upwards, when suspension hook runs to extreme position, buzzer warning, four figures
Code pipe also has corresponding display content.
The working environment of all kinds of reel lowering or hoisting gears is different, in the more working environment of dust, can make to rotate disk
On through hole be easier to blocking lead to measure inaccurate.Or the debris inadvertently falling off can affect infrared emission and switch to single-chip microcomputer
The impact calculating.Thus whole photo-electric rotation detecting device can be placed in protective cover so as to be operated in a powder relatively
In the less environment of dirt.Both can guarantee that in the environment be operated in a relative clean moreover it is possible to avoid artificially touching the raising leading to by mistake
The inaccurate situation of limitation in height.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of spacing control.During such as crane hook raising, single-chip microcomputer 51 is according to receiving one group of signal
Number of times combine to the judgement rotating forward reversion, record current total rotating forward number of turns, the height current to calculate suspension hook.Work as suspension hook
Reach rising limiting altitude when, single-chip microcomputer 51 by audion 53 connect buzzer 54 reported to the police, controlled by relay 52
Lifting motor processed, leaves the motor off, but now a limiting motor rotates forward, and is not intended to limit the reversion of motor.Relay 52 is now also
Control brake simultaneously, makes brake, reel stall.This series of measures can make suspension hook reach the extreme position of rising
When, drive lifting motor power-off and brake.
When operator will make suspension hook etc. decline, single-chip microcomputer 51 sends a signal to relay 52 and buzzer 54.Honeybee
Ring device 54 stop alarm, relay 52 makes brake declutch.Due to reach in suspension hook rising extreme position when, be not intended to limit
The reversion of motor, so motor can be realized inverting and unrestricted.Because, under various operating modes, suspension hook of lowering or hoisting gear etc. is also
There is the restriction to down position.During suspension hook declines, single-chip microcomputer 51 also can record the number of turns of decline, when suspension hook reaches decline
Extreme position, single-chip microcomputer 51 sends signal to buzzer 54 and relay 52.Buzzer 54 workflow now with reach
Rising extreme position is identical, and relay 52 now leaves the motor off, and does not limit rotating forward, and makes brake.Work as lifting mechanism
Operator make suspension hook etc. rise when, buzzer 54 stop alarm, motor rotate forward, suspension hook rise.
It has been evenly arranged three infrared external reflections switch in 360 ° on support 2, can the error control of lifting altitude will have been existed
Motor 1/3rd circle in, simultaneously because the presence of pulley block ratio so that motor for each revolution, the distance of suspension hook raising
The girth that far smaller than reel one encloses.This can reduce error further so as to precision is higher.Simultaneously as infrared external reflection is opened
The presence closed, it is higher sensitivity that whole system has than machinery.
Above examples provide a kind of only carry a set of detector unit embodiment, wherein a set of detector unit by turn
On dynamic disk, an eccentric orfice of setting and setting one group of photoswitch on the stationary bracket is constituted, each photoswitch distribution
On circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice.
According to safety, the stability requirement of application scenario, a kind of photoelectricity that carries two set detector units is also provided below
Formula rotation detecting device, a set of detector unit of increase is a kind of Redundancy Design.Certainly, according to this thinking it is also possible to design
Three sets or more than three sets of detector unit.
As shown in fig. 7, corresponding two eccentric orfices of two sets of detector units are different to the distance rotating circle disk center.Corresponding
Two groups of photoswitches form the concentric circular of two different radiis.
Two sets of detector units can export respective detection signal simultaneously, is used by limit controller: such as, ordinary circumstance
The detection signal of lower use first set detector unit, when the detection signal of first set detector unit output abnormal, uses
The detection signal of second set of detector unit.
The position of two eccentric orfices is not it is desirable to they are in same circumference, and ensures that corresponding photoswitch is installed.Two
Eccentric orfice, if placed on two different radiis of same diameter, can calculate the size of two eccentric orfices according to dynamic balance principle,
Thus can achieve dynamic balancing without setting dynamic balance weight.In rotation dish, more outer, the circular hole area opening up is less, such as Fig. 7
Mesopore 13；More inner, the circular hole area opening up is bigger, such as Fig. 7 mesopore 12.Hole 13 is 31,32,33 shapes with corresponding photoswitch
Become first set detector unit, hole 12 forms second set of detector unit with corresponding photoswitch 34,35,36.
Certainly, if the three of three sets of detector units eccentric orfices are it is also possible to three eccentric orfices of dynamic balancing relational design
Position, size to be to realize dynamic balancing.
Lifting mechanism embodiment
As shown in figure 8, lifting mechanism, key mechanism is related to motor, reducing gear and drum mechanism built, and motor leads to
Cross high speed shaft to be in transmission connection with reducing gear, reducing gear is in transmission connection with drum mechanism built by slow-speed shaft, high speed shaft assembles
There is arrestment mechanism.Lifting mechanism also includes lifting limit control system, and the limit controller of lifting limit control system passes through one
The contact of relay device carries out extreme position power-off control to motor and brake, the buzzer of output signal control simultaneously,
Warning lamp etc. is reported to the police.
Lifting limit control system is identical with the lifting limit control system in above example, will not be described here.
With regard to the installation site of the rotation disk of photo-electric rotation detecting device, may be mounted at the respective shaft of reducing gear
On, respective shaft herein not only includes input shaft, output shaft, is in transmission connection motor output shaft with input shaft, also includes reductor
The jackshaft of structure.So rotating the installation site of disk as shown in figure 1, can be that between motor and brake, a (is directed to braking
Device is arranged between motor and decelerator, and the larger situation in space between motor and brake), between brake and reducing gear
B (it is directed to brake to be arranged between motor and decelerator, and the larger situation in space between decelerator and brake).Or subtract
Jackshaft e, f of fast mechanism, output shaft g.Also have and be exactly, rotate disk can also pass through gear or other decelerators with above-mentioned
Rotor axis mechanical is in transmission connection, the such as a ' position of in figure, is in transmission connection with motor shaft a by gear, rotates axis and the height of disk
The diameter parallel of fast axle.When rotation disk is arranged on high speed shaft, accuracy of detection can be greatly improved.
Crane embodiment
The crane of the present embodiment, including motor and lifting mechanism, lifting mechanism employs spacing control of lifting and is
System, the lifting mechanism that it adopts, lifting limit control system are identical with previous embodiment, therefore no longer do independent narration.
Be presented above the present invention relates to the specific embodiment of three themes, but the present invention be not limited to described
Embodiment.Under the thinking that the present invention is given, to above-mentioned reality by the way of being readily apparent that to those skilled in the art
Apply the technological means in example and enter line translation, replacement, modification, and the effect played is basic with the relevant art means in the present invention
Goal of the invention that is identical, realizing is also essentially identical, and the technical scheme so being formed is to be finely adjusted formation to above-described embodiment,
This technical scheme still falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of lifting limit control system, including photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, photo-electric rotates detection
The detection signal that device sends is sent to limit controller, the control output of limit controller and motor start-stop controller and
Arrestment mechanism controller controls connection；It is characterized in that, described photo-electric rotation detecting device has one and is used for and reductor
The respective shaft of structure assembled detected with rotate disk and one and rotation disk just to, the inspection that is provided with photoswitch
Survey stationary bracket；Described photo-electric rotation detecting device has at least a set of detector unit, and often set detector unit is by slewing circle
In an eccentric orfice of setting and stationary bracket on disk, one group of photoswitch of setting is constituted, each photoswitch be distributed in upper
State on the corresponding circular arc line of eccentric orfice, photoswitch is used for sending described detection signal.
2. a kind of lifting limit control system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that photo-electric rotation detecting device has
There is more than two sets of detector unit.
3. a kind of lifting limit control system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described rotation disk is assemblied in change
On the high speed shaft of fast mechanism.
4. a kind of lifting limit control system according to any one of claim 1-3 is it is characterised in that described often set detects
Three photoswitches of unit are uniformly distributed on corresponding circular arc line.
5. a kind of lifting mechanism, including reducing gear and drum mechanism built, reducing gear is used for connecting motor by high speed shaft,
Reducing gear is in transmission connection with drum mechanism built by slow-speed shaft, and high speed shaft is equipped with arrestment mechanism；Lifting mechanism also includes rising
Lower limit level controlling system, lifting limit control system includes photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, and photo-electric rotates
The detection signal that detection means sends is sent to limit controller, and the control output of limit controller is controlled with motor start-stop
Device and arrestment mechanism controller control connection；It is characterized in that, described photo-electric rotation detecting device has one and is used for and subtracts
The respective shaft of fast mechanism assembled detected with rotate disk and one and rotation disk just to, photoswitch is installed
Detection stationary bracket；Described photo-electric rotation detecting device has at least a set of detector unit, often set detector unit by turn
On the eccentric orfice arranging on dynamic disk and stationary bracket, one group of photoswitch of setting is constituted, and each photoswitch is distributed in
On circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice, photoswitch is used for sending described detection signal.
6. lifting mechanism according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that described limit controller passes through the contact of a relay
Extreme position power-off control is carried out to motor and arrestment mechanism.
7. lifting mechanism according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that photo-electric rotation detecting device has more than two sets
Detector unit.
8. lifting mechanism according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that described rotation disk is assemblied in the high speed of gear
On axle.
9. the lifting mechanism according to any one of claim 5-8 is it is characterised in that described often cover three of detector unit
Photoswitch is uniformly distributed on corresponding circular arc line.
10. a kind of crane, including the lifting mechanism of motor, reducing gear and drum mechanism built composition, motor passes through
High speed shaft and reducing gear are in transmission connection, reducing gear is in transmission connection by slow-speed shaft and drum mechanism built, and high speed shaft is equipped with
Arrestment mechanism；Lifting mechanism also includes lifting limit control system, and lifting limit control system includes photo-electric and rotates detection dress
Put and limit controller, the detection signal that photo-electric rotation detecting device sends is sent to limit controller, limit controller
Control output to control with motor start-stop controller and arrestment mechanism controller to be connected；It is characterized in that, described photo-electric turns
Motion detection device have one for the respective shaft of reducing gear assembled detected with rotating disk and one and turning
Dynamic disk just to, the detection stationary bracket that is provided with photoswitch；Described photo-electric rotation detecting device has at least one
Set detector unit, often set detector unit by an eccentric orfice rotating on disk setting and setting one group on the stationary bracket
Photoswitch is constituted, and each photoswitch is distributed on circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice, and photoswitch is used for sending described
Detection signal.
11. cranes according to claim 10 are it is characterised in that described limit controller is aligned by embedded chip
The superposition of the reversion number of turns, instruction lifting altitude position in real time, and closed on up and down in crane hook by the contact of a relay
During extreme position, extreme position power-off control is carried out to motor and arrestment mechanism.
12. cranes according to claim 10 or 11 it is characterised in that photo-electric rotation detecting device have two sets with
On detector unit, and carry out lifting altitude instruction and control by the embedded chip collection detection signals covering detector units more
System.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510122508.3A CN104709827B (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2015-03-19 | Lifting limiting control system, hoisting mechanism and crane |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510122508.3A CN104709827B (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2015-03-19 | Lifting limiting control system, hoisting mechanism and crane |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104709827A CN104709827A (en) | 2015-06-17 |
| CN104709827B true CN104709827B (en) | 2017-01-25 |
Family
ID=53409639
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510122508.3A Active CN104709827B (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2015-03-19 | Lifting limiting control system, hoisting mechanism and crane |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104709827B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105887750B (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2017-05-31 | 吉林大学 | A kind of wind is except the air outlet road clearance adjustment system and method for floating snow device |
| CN107190469B (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2021-11-26 | 青岛海尔洗涤电器有限公司 | Positioning device for washing machine drum and drum washing machine |
| CN110094618A (en) * | 2018-01-27 | 2019-08-06 | 昆山市奇迹三维科技有限公司 | Computer monitor automatic lifting bracket |
| CN110143521B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2024-04-05 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Synchronous detection device and method for double lifting mechanisms at different speeds |
| CN113291978B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-03-29 | 天津市滨海新区检验检测中心 | Intelligent braking device for hoisting of crane |
| CN114229296A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-03-25 | 芜湖东旭光电装备技术有限公司 | Sensor group system based on Crane operation and Crane trolley |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62292226A (en) * | 1986-06-12 | 1987-12-18 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | Confirming method for discharge of waste material |
| US5174167A (en) * | 1990-09-06 | 1992-12-29 | Emerson Electric Co. | Linear actuator with positive stop |
| CN2761562Y (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2006-03-01 | 谌志祥 | Controller for stroke limit |
| CN2887824Y (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2007-04-11 | 刘随章 | Limiter for safety lifting of sling of crane |
| CN100432523C (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2008-11-12 | 河南理工大学 | Mechanical stroke spacer |
| CN202704849U (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2013-01-30 | 浙江吉润汽车有限公司 | Sensing device of hanger rising limit position |
| CN203558737U (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-04-23 | 成都海科机械设备制造有限公司 | Mechanical lifting limitation device |
| CN203638990U (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-06-11 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Height limiting device of hoisting mechanism of crane |
| CN204549856U (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-08-12 | 太原科技大学 | Lifting limit control system, lifting mechanism and hoisting crane |
-
2015
- 2015-03-19 CN CN201510122508.3A patent/CN104709827B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104709827A (en) | 2015-06-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104709827B (en) | Lifting limiting control system, hoisting mechanism and crane | |
| CN108750955B (en) | Device and method for detecting length of winch rope outlet | |
| CN104377658B (en) | Digital motor overspeed protective device and method | |
| CN109052176B (en) | Double-lifting-appliance bridge crane synchronization error measuring device based on photoelectric sensing | |
| CN207248135U (en) | Winding plant and crane | |
| CN211255014U (en) | Crane wheel gnaws rail detection device | |
| CN201105950Y (en) | Control synchronization device for crane double-hoisting single-hook | |
| CN105806403A (en) | Stepping motor performance test device | |
| CN102879198B (en) | Speed limiter test table for elevator and testing system thereof | |
| CN205934869U (en) | Hoisting hoister | |
| CN204549856U (en) | Lifting limit control system, lifting mechanism and hoisting crane | |
| CN201103790Y (en) | Digital cabinet digit meter | |
| CN106185629B (en) | A kind of caterpillar crane hook height detecting system and its implementation | |
| CN106643607A (en) | Lathe cylindrical shell circular run-out detection device and circular run-out detection method | |
| CN108394772B (en) | Elevator balance coefficient detection method and system | |
| CN110285678A (en) | The method for monitoring sintering circular-cooler traveling skidding | |
| CN207850524U (en) | A kind of nested type electronic crane scale counterweight loading system | |
| CN102854012B (en) | Elevator speed limiter testing platform and elevator speed limiter testing system suitable to different rope sheave diameters | |
| CN202393474U (en) | Non-continuous metering constant feeder | |
| CN208155287U (en) | A kind of rotating machinery displacement detecting instrument | |
| CN205209581U (en) | Material level measurement system | |
| CN106500793A (en) | Level measurement equipment | |
| CN208647971U (en) | Contactless feeder slip detector | |
| CN102200469A (en) | Calibration structure for an electronic balance | |
| CN104569471A (en) | Winching rotating speed detection device and method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20180712 Address after: 215000 New Street 22, Tong'an Town, Suzhou High-tech Zone, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Suzhou Tongan Lifting Machinery Co., Ltd. Address before: 030024 66 Wanliu Road, wanBerlin District, Taiyuan, Shanxi Co-patentee before: Qin Yixiao Patentee before: Taiyuan Univ. of Science & Technology |