CN204549856U - Lifting limit control system, lifting mechanism and hoisting crane - Google Patents
Lifting limit control system, lifting mechanism and hoisting crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN204549856U CN204549856U CN201520156956.0U CN201520156956U CN204549856U CN 204549856 U CN204549856 U CN 204549856U CN 201520156956 U CN201520156956 U CN 201520156956U CN 204549856 U CN204549856 U CN 204549856U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to lifting limit control system, lifting mechanism and hoisting crane.Lifting limit control system, comprise photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, the detection signal that photo-electric rotation detecting device sends sends to limit controller; Described photo-electric rotation detecting device have one for the detected rotary disk that carries out assembling with the respective shaft of speed reduction gearing and one and rotary disk just right, the detection stationary bracket that is provided with photoelectric switch; Described photo-electric rotation detecting device has at least a set of detecting unit, often overlap detecting unit to be made up of the eccentric orfice that rotary disk is arranged and the one group of photoelectric switch arranged on the stationary bracket, each photoelectric switch is distributed on the circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice, and photoelectric switch is used for sending described detection signal.Photo-electric rotation detecting device of the present utility model reduces the size of whole device, and make the convenient installation of device, lifting limit control system is reliable.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of lifting limit control system, lifting mechanism and hoisting crane, the hoisting crane of the lifting mechanism especially with lifting limit function and the lifting mechanism using such lifting limit function.
Background technology
Need to force to stop lifting action at upper and lower restraining position in hoisting crane and some lifting mechanisms, this just needs to be equipped with lifting limit control system.Lifting limit control system refers to when the mechanisms such as the suspension hook that hoists, platform or cage rise to end position or drop to end position, signal is sent to the control unit of drive motor by lifting limit control system, it is made no longer to receive forward or reverse signal, the reached capacity mechanism such as suspension hook of position no longer continues to rise or decline, and makes a kind of operation safety protection control system of brake.
There is mechanical type and control and electronic type control in the lifting limit control system of existing maturation.
Mechanical type controls main existence two kinds.One is the work driving pull bar to realize contactless switch that horizontally slips by rope guide on reel, or reel afterbody sliding cross coupling drives the nut axial motion on screw rod to realize contactless switch work, thus controls lifting height; Another is utilization is the work controlling travel switch by weight, and when lifting hook pulley touches weight, travel switch work, realizes controlling height.These products are often because mechanical wear reduces precision or physical disturbance is ineffective.
Electronic type controls mainly coder (incremental encoder and absolute type encoder), and adopts the photo-electric rotation detecting device of the principle identical with coder.The cardinal principle of photo-electric rotation detecting device is the height that the angle indirect inspection suspension hook turned over by detecting the drive apparatus such as elevator rises, declines.Electronic type control system is embedded system, forms primarily of photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller part, the control output of limit controller and drive motor start-stop controller and stop mechanism controller control linkage.The information detected, for measuring the information of rotational angle, the number of turns, forward or reverse, is sent to limit controller by photo-electric rotation detecting device, and limit controller carries out accumulation calculating according to these information, calculates the actual height of suspension hook; And by comparing with the height upper limit set, lower limit, judge whether to need to shut down.Limit controller has read-out for showing above-mentioned information.Limit controller has data input unit for inputting setup control amount (as the height upper limit, lower limit, pulley block ratio, speed reduction gearing reduction ratio etc.).
Coder specific constructive form is a lot, but the most basic structure is photoelectric code disk and photoelectric switch (photoelectric switch comprises the Optical Transmit Unit corresponding with photoelectric code disk, light receiving unit, signal generating circuit for opto-electronic conversion).On photoelectric code disk can in a circumferential direction rule light transmitting grids (or formed be capable of reflecting light groove) is set.When photoelectric code disk rotates, photoelectric switch produces the impulse singla synchronous with grid, thus utilizes these impulse singlas to realize measuring.
The spacing control of hoisting uses the problem of coder to be:
1, adopt coder to carry out measuring existing and to start and the deboost phase easily produces the problem of blurred signal.This is because hoisting crane is heave-load device, strong chatter can be there is in starting and deboost phase, obscurity boundary between continuous multiple impulse singla that coder is exported, accurately cannot identify the distance that hoists, cause when starting, suspension hook reality has run a segment distance, and coder no count; Or when braking, suspension hook is after starting braking, and coder also counts.
In addition, for the code-disc adopting coating groove, chatter also can cause groove to depart from, and long-time running also can make groove aging, and the pollution of dust simultaneously also can affect testing result.
2, drive motor drives reel through speed reduction gearing, and reel reels or discharges rope thus realize hoisting or declining of the mechanisms such as suspension hook; Wherein, coder is arranged in the low speed rotating shaft of speed reduction gearing reduction of speed.Because the object measured is the length obtaining rope rising, decline, the length that the rope that low speed rotating shaft rotates a circle corresponding rises, decline is (relevant with drum diameter and suspension hook multiplying power) determined, so the precision measured depends on the interval angles between above-mentioned grid (groove), interval angles is larger, the precision so measured is lower, interval angles is less, and the precision so measured is higher.
Raising survey precision can improve the precision that lifting altitude controls, thus can, in rising or decline stage, avoid reaching the upper limit or lower overrun condition generation in limited time.
At present, in order to improve survey precision, enable the start-stop height and position precision improving end position, prior art is all paid close attention to and by increasing grid quantity, the interval angles between grid is diminished.But when not increasing photoelectric code disk size, because of the restriction of the restriction and sensors discriminate ability that are subject to photoelectric code disk area, the grid quantity that can increase is limited, and the precision that is measured also is limited.If increase photoelectric code disk size, although can increase grid quantity, the volume of check implement also can strain greatly mutually, and excessive volume is applicable to in-site installation use, also limits by installation space so increase code-disc size.
In sum, during existing lifting mechanism application, not only the stability of starting and deboost phase is low, and measured error is large; And the precision that lifting is measured also is restricted, and causes realizing high-acruracy survey and control.So hoisting controls especially to be elevated limit situation in starting and deboost phase and to break to restrict fall formal matter therefore happen occasionally, bring potential safety hazard to site operation or equipment use.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of lifting limit control system, to solve the problem that starting and deboost phase easily produce blurred signal None-identified.Meanwhile, the purpose of this utility model is also the lifting mechanism and the hoisting crane that provide a kind of correspondence.
For achieving the above object, lifting limit control system scheme of the present utility model is as follows:
A kind of lifting limit control system, comprise photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, the detection signal that photo-electric rotation detecting device sends sends to limit controller, the control output of limit controller and drive motor start-stop controller and stop mechanism controller control linkage; Described photo-electric rotation detecting device have one for the detected rotary disk that carries out assembling with the respective shaft of speed reduction gearing and one and rotary disk just right, the detection stationary bracket that is provided with photoelectric switch; Described photo-electric rotation detecting device has at least a set of detecting unit, often overlap detecting unit to be made up of one group of photoelectric switch that the eccentric orfice that rotary disk is arranged and stationary bracket are arranged, each photoelectric switch is distributed on the circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice, and photoelectric switch is used for sending described detection signal.
Further, photo-electric rotation detecting device has two covers or the above detecting unit of two covers.
Further, described rotary disk is assemblied on the high speed shaft of speed-changing mechanism.
Further, described three photoelectric switchs often overlapping detecting unit are uniformly distributed on the circular arc line of correspondence.
The utility model additionally provides a kind of lifting mechanism applying above-mentioned lifting limit control system, comprise speed reduction gearing and drum mechanism built, speed reduction gearing is used for connecting drive motor by high speed shaft, and speed reduction gearing is in transmission connection by slow-speed shaft and drum mechanism built, and high speed shaft is equipped with stop mechanism; Lifting mechanism also comprises lifting limit control system, lifting limit control system comprises photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, the detection signal that photo-electric rotation detecting device sends sends to limit controller, the control output of limit controller and drive motor start-stop controller and stop mechanism controller control linkage; Described photo-electric rotation detecting device have one for the detected rotary disk that carries out assembling with the respective shaft of speed reduction gearing and one and rotary disk just right, the detection stationary bracket that is provided with photoelectric switch; Described photo-electric rotation detecting device has at least a set of detecting unit, often overlap detecting unit to be made up of one group of photoelectric switch that the eccentric orfice that rotary disk is arranged and stationary bracket are arranged, each photoelectric switch is distributed on the circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice, and photoelectric switch is used for sending described detection signal.
Further, described limit controller carries out end position power-off control by the contact of a relay device to drive motor and drg.
Further, photo-electric rotation detecting device has two covers or the above detecting unit of two covers.
Further, described rotary disk is assemblied on the high speed shaft of speed-changing mechanism.
Further, described three photoelectric switchs often overlapping detecting unit are uniformly distributed on the circular arc line of correspondence.
The utility model additionally provides a kind of hoisting crane applying above-mentioned lifting mechanism, comprise the lifting mechanism be made up of drive motor, speed reduction gearing and drum mechanism built, drive motor is in transmission connection by high speed rotating shaft and speed reduction gearing, speed reduction gearing is in transmission connection by slow-speed shaft and drum mechanism built, and high speed shaft is equipped with stop mechanism; Lifting mechanism also comprises lifting limit control system, lifting limit control system comprises photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, the detection signal that photo-electric rotation detecting device sends sends to limit controller, the control output of limit controller and drive motor start-stop controller and stop mechanism controller control linkage; Described photo-electric rotation detecting device have one for the detected rotary disk that carries out assembling with the respective shaft of speed reduction gearing and one and rotary disk just right, the detection stationary bracket that is provided with photoelectric switch; Described photo-electric rotation detecting device has at least a set of detecting unit, often overlap detecting unit to be made up of the eccentric orfice that rotary disk is arranged and the one group of photoelectric switch arranged on the stationary bracket, each photoelectric switch is distributed on the circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice, and photoelectric switch is used for sending described detection signal.
Further, described limit controller aligns the superposition of the reversion number of turns by embedded chip, real-time instruction lifting altitude position, and when crane hook closes on bound position, end position power-off control is carried out to drive motor and drg by the contact of a relay.
Further, photo-electric rotation detecting device has two covers or the above detecting unit of two covers, and is carried out lifting altitude instruction by the detection signal that detecting unit is overlapped in embedded chip collection more and controlled.
The hole arranged on rolling disc relative to existing detecting device due to photo-electric rotation detecting device of the present utility model greatly reduces, and the corresponding photounit arranged on the stationary bracket increases, thus greatly reduce manufacturing cost, reduce the size of whole device, make the convenient installation of device, reliable.
Because each detecting unit adopts the mode arranging single hole on rotary disk, aperture can be done larger, and the signal boundary that the position changing of the relative positions avoiding adjacent grid in prior art causes is fuzzy, and the border producing signal is very clear; Simultaneously disk body can make firmer, small and exquisite, make start and the deboost phase vibration equipment and be out of shape minimum on the impact of rotary disk, can ignore.Adopt this detecting unit, equipment is run very reliable.
The lifting mechanism that the utility model provides and hoisting crane, turning to and electronic type rotation detection device that amount of spin is measured high speed shaft is used for by the high speed shaft of lifting mechanism is installed, and the reduction ratio of speed reduction gearing is generally 20---between 40, this Photoelectric Detection mark being just equivalent to winding plant to be transferred on the code-disc of low speed rotating shaft side has encrypted 20---40 times or the larger of code-disc manyfold, this is not attainable for existing detection architecture, the utility model installs electronic type rotation detection device on high speed shaft, detection and control accuracy improve 20---and 40 times, the raising making lifting mechanism be elevated survey precision reaches the 10 figure place orders of magnitude (if original control accuracy is at meter level, the utility model can reach a centimetre grade), Measurement & Control precision obtains significantly improving at all, really achieve high-acruracy survey and control, what cause from the measured error and the accumulation of error that substantially avoiding starting and deboost phase hoists and the generation limit that declined, stop the potential safety hazard in site operation or equipment use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is lifting limit control system structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the front view of the photoelectric detection device in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the block diagram of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the circuit layout schematic diagram of limit controller;
Fig. 6 is the workflow diagram of lifting limit control system height limit;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the photoelectric detection device of redundant fashion;
Fig. 8 is lifting mechanism structural representation;
Fig. 9 is the installation site schematic diagram of photoelectric detection device in lifting mechanism.
Detailed description of the invention
Lifting limit control system embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of lifting limit control system, comprise photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, the detection signal that photo-electric rotation detecting device sends sends to limit controller, the control output of limit controller and drive motor start-stop controller and stop mechanism controller control linkage.
Photo-electric rotation detecting device have one for the detected rotary disk that carries out assembling with the respective shaft of speed reduction gearing and one and rotary disk just right, the detection stationary bracket that is provided with photoelectric switch; Photo-electric rotation detecting device has a set of detecting unit, often overlap detecting unit to be made up of the eccentric orfice that rotary disk is arranged and the one group of photoelectric switch arranged on the stationary bracket, each photoelectric switch is distributed on the circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice, and photoelectric switch is used for sending described detection signal.
Photoelectric switch is for detecting the corresponding eccentric orfice on rotary disk.Eccentric orfice adopts circular hole (also can adopt other shapes).Adopt three photoelectric switchs can determine the hand of rotation of rotary disk easily.If photoelectric switch quantity increases further, accuracy of detection can also be provided further.Opto-electronic pickup is evenly arranged on the stationary bracket, and three photoelectric switchs form a circular arc line corresponding with central hole.
When eccentric orfice is through photoelectric switch, photoelectric switch produces state and switches, and generates jump signal.Limit controller is detected by the jump signal sent each photoelectric switch, thus can measure the turning to of rotary disk, rotates the signals such as the number of turns.Limit controller can be shown these signals by read-out, and control data importation is keyboard, for inputting setup parameter.As other embodiments, read-out and keyboard also can realize with touch screen.
In order to carry out kinetic balance, what the disk body of rotary disk is also provided with simultaneously correspondence carries out dynamically balanced dynamic balance weight to eccentric orfice.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, concrete technological means is illustrated one by one.
Wherein, photoelectricity rotation detection device is as shown in Fig. 2,3 and 4.Mainly comprise two parts, rotary disk and stationary bracket.
About rotary disk, as shown in Fig. 2,3 and 4, it has the disc-shaped body 11 that axis extends in left-right direction, the through hole 13 that in disc-shaped body 11, eccentric setting has axis to extend in left-right direction.Disc-shaped body 11 forms an annular rotary disk by excircle and inner circle 14, and middle formation circular channel 6, circular channel 6 is for wearing rotating shaft.
As other embodiments, if rotary disk is arranged on the end of rotating shaft, also can not be provided with above-mentioned circular channel, and corresponding groove structure is set.
Disc-shaped body 11 is arranged an eccentric orfice, i.e. through hole 13.If rotary disk is arranged on high speed shaft, higher rotating speed can be had, disc-shaped body 11 quality can be caused after perforate unbalanced, in order to compensate the loss of the rotor inertia that this through hole causes, the connection straight line at the center of circle of disc-shaped body 11 and through hole 13 center installs mass compensation block 12 additional, and it is the solid circles block with through hole 13 eccentric setting.Through hole 13 rotor inertia is reduced to the rotor inertia of barycenter to disc centre, and the rotor inertia of through hole 13 is I
1=m
1r
1 2, wherein, m
1for the quality that throughhole portions is original, the quality namely lost; r
1the distance of through hole center to rotary disk center.For compensating the rotor inertia of this part, the rotor inertia of mass compensation block 12 pairs of rotary disk turning cylinders is I
2=I
1=m
2r
2 2, wherein m
2for the quality of mass compensation block, r
2for the center of mass compensation block is to the distance at rotary disk center.Concrete m
2and r
2can determine as the case may be, as long as the rotor inertia that its product obtains is equal with the rotor inertia that through hole loses.
Rotary disk can be arranged on high speed shaft corresponding to speed reduction gearing, also can be arranged on the low speed rotating shaft that speed reduction gearing is corresponding, when being arranged on high speed shaft, greatly can improve accuracy of detection.Lifting mechanism embodiment is shown in detailed introduction about installation site.
About another important composition part---the stationary bracket 2 of photo-electric rotation detecting device, in the right side fixed placement of rotary disk, stationary bracket 2 is C type support, stationary bracket 2 has the breach loaded along the radial direction of stationary bracket 2 for rotating shaft, namely rotating shaft is through this support, and not contacting this support, such setting not only can facilitate the assembling of support, and guarantees that high speed shaft well rotates.Rotary disk rotates along with high speed shaft, and stationary bracket 2 is actionless relative to frame, and is relatively independent with rotary disk.
Stationary bracket 2 is provided with for the photoelectric switch corresponding with through hole 13.Photoelectric switch comprises and transmitting and the signal projector of Received signal strength and signal receiver to through hole.Photoelectric switch comprises correlation and reflective, and the signal projector in correlation photoelectric switch is separated with signal receiver, is coaxially arranged on the both sides of object, can produce an on-off signal change in the interrupted situation of light beam; Signal projector in reflective photoelectric switch and signal receiver are arranged on one piece, and the light beam sent from projector returns receptor after object is reflected, and can produce the change of an on-off signal when light beam is interrupted.
In present embodiment, because stationary bracket is arranged on the right side of rotary disk, then select reflective photoelectric switch.As other embodiment, if select correlation photoelectric switch, then the shape of stationary bracket will change, and stationary bracket needs to increase corresponding supporting construction in the left side of rotary disk, for supporting a part of device of photoelectric switch.Stationary bracket can also have other embodiment, such as: supportingly in the upper end of C type support arrange a plugging sheet, blocked by the breach of C type support, form a closed shape, high speed shaft is enclosed in wherein.
Here for representative infrared external reflection switch, this infrared external reflection switch is reflective photoelectric switch and the signal launched is infrared signal.
Infrared external reflection switch can set the distance of detection.If there is the infrared ray that object has blocked the transmitting of infrared external reflection switch in this distance, infrared external reflection switch can present the state (high level and low level) be different from when not having object.Herein, when being passed in the through hole on rotary disk when infrared ray, the state be different from when infrared external reflection switch is returned in signal reflex by rotary disk can be produced.
As shown in Fig. 2,3 and 4, three infrared external reflection switches are to be evenly arranged in stationary bracket 2 in a circumference (namely 360 °) scope, and the interval angles namely between three switches is 120 °.Limit controller connects this three switches simultaneously, and the center of through hole is equal to the radius of this circumference of Distance geometry at the center of rotary disk.These three infrared external reflection switches are parallel types, namely three switches detect simultaneously, judged that by limit controller the difference of three the infrared external reflection on off states detected is to judge which infrared external reflection switch have passed through hole, and carry out the series of computation such as counting.In the present embodiment, through hole 13 and three infrared external reflection switches define a set of detecting unit.
When supposing that suspension hook rises, the direction of electric machine rotation is for rotating forward; When suspension hook declines, the rotation direction of motor is reversion.Limit controller embeds the program woven in advance, receives judge rotating forward or the reversion of reel with the time order and function order of all the other two not equal state according to certain in three infrared external reflection switches.Namely hypothesis is when first the state of infrared external reflection switch 31 shows as by circular hole, if the next one shows as this state is infrared external reflection switch 32, then shows that at this moment motor is rotating forward; If what the next one received signal is infrared external reflection switch 33, then represent that at this moment motor is reversion.If when state first show as by the switch of circular hole be infrared external reflection switch 32 or infrared external reflection switch 33 time, in like manner.
If only arrange a Photoelectric infrared switch, although can not determine the rotation direction of rotary disk when detecting, also can detect the adjustable height of device.If arrange two photoelectric switchs, make two photoelectric switchs not be in diametrically same, hand of rotation can be judged by the signal switching interval of detection two photoelectric switch.
Stationary bracket 2 is fixedly installed limit controller 5 and for control device being fixed on the base plate 4 on support.Limit controller 5 is comprising micro controller system.Micro controller system connects infrared external reflection switch, is specially: Single-chip Controlling connection signal projector, sampling connection signal receptor.Data signal according to the transmission of infrared external reflection switch processes.Limit controller 5 as shown in Figure 5, is made up of micro controller system 51, relay 52, aerotron 53, buzzer phone 54, group of four figures pipe 55 and keyboard 56.Relay 52 is for controlling the start-stop of lifting motor and drg, and buzzer phone 54 is for reporting to the police.
Limit controller can be installed on the stationary bracket, entirety is formed with photo-electric rotation detecting device, as other embodiments, also limit controller can be separated setting with photo-electric rotation detecting device, such as limit controller is arranged on operator's compartment, now photo-electric rotation detecting device needs to arrange output signal port, and limit controller also arranges corresponding interface.When installing at the scene, signal port is carried out being connected with the interface of limit controller.
About display and the control data importation of the data that hoist, the installation site of limit controller can be arranged on, also can be installed to operator's compartment, facilitate navigating mate, even can also be provided separately.
Due to the self structure of various kinds of equipment and working environment different, the reductor reduction ratio of mechanism itself is different, and pulley block ratio is different, and drum diameter is also different, and the lifting altitude limited is not identical.Thus for reaching reasonably judge to hoist (or decline) height the object of power alarm, load module (i.e. keyboard 56) in limit controller 5, is added.After being installed to different lifting mechanisms, lifting altitude, initial position, reductor reduction ratio, drum diameter and the lifting mechanism multiplying power that can limit according to actual conditions input.So that micro controller system, according to detecting that the signal of infrared external reflection switch calculates, judges the positions that whether reach capacity such as suspension hook, lifting table, cage.
The Main Function of group of four figures pipe 55 is when inputting as accessory equipment, in order to point out operator the parameter of next step needs input.In addition, work as jacking system, in such as crane hoisting suspension hook process, group of four figures pipe can also add additional functionality, as reference in display average velociity.When upwards hoisting, when suspension hook runs to end position, buzzer warning, group of four figures pipe also has corresponding displaying contents.
The working environment of all kinds of reel jacking system is different, in the working environment that dust is more, the through hole on rotary disk can be made to be easier to blocking and cause measurement inaccurate.Or the unexpected foreign material dropped can affect the impact that infrared emission Switch Controller micro controller system calculates.Thus can whole photo-electric rotation detecting device be placed in protective cover, make it be operated in the less environment of relative dust.Can ensure to be operated in the environment of a relative clean, can also avoid artificially touching the lifting altitude caused by mistake and limit inaccurate situation.
Fig. 6 is the diagram of circuit of spacing control.When such as crane hook hoists, micro controller system 51 combines the judgement to rotating forward reversion according to the number of times receiving one group of signal, records current total rotating forward number of turns, to calculate the current height of suspension hook.When suspension hook reaches the limiting altitude of rising, micro controller system 51 connects buzzer phone 54 by aerotron 53 and reports to the police, and controls lifting motor, motor is stopped by relay 52, but now a limiting motor rotates forward, the not reversion of limiting motor.Control brake simultaneously now gone back by relay 52, makes brake, reel stall.When this series of measures can make suspension hook reach the end position of rising, drive lifting motor power-off and brake.
When operating personal will make suspension hook etc. decline, signal is sent to relay 52 and buzzer phone 54 by micro controller system 51.Buzzer phone 54 stop alarm, relay 52 makes drg declutch.During owing to reaching the end position of rising at suspension hook, the not reversion of limiting motor, so motor can realize reversion and unrestricted.Due under various operating mode, the suspension hook of jacking system etc. also have the restriction to lowering position.When in suspension hook decline process, micro controller system 51 also can record the number of turns of decline, and when suspension hook reaches the end position of decline, micro controller system 51 sends signal to buzzer phone 54 and relay 52.Buzzer phone 54 workflow is now identical with reaching rising end position, and relay 52 now makes motor stop, and does not limit rotating forward, and makes brake.When the operating personal of lifting mechanism makes suspension hook etc. rise, buzzer phone 54 stop alarm, motor rotates forward, and suspension hook rises.
Support 2 three infrared external reflection switches have been evenly arranged in 360 °, can by the control errors of lifting altitude in 1/3rd circles of motor, simultaneously due to the existence of pulley block ratio, motor is often revolved and turns around, the girth that the distance that suspension hook hoists is enclosed much smaller than reel one.This can reduce error further, makes its precision higher.Meanwhile, due to the existence of infrared external reflection switch, it is higher susceptibility that whole system has than machinery.
Above examples provide a kind of only with the embodiment of a set of detecting unit, wherein a set of detecting unit is made up of the eccentric orfice that rotary disk is arranged and the one group of photoelectric switch arranged on the stationary bracket, and each photoelectric switch is distributed on the circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice.
According to safety, the stability requirement of application scenario, also provide a kind of photo-electric rotation detecting device with two cover detecting units below, a set of detecting unit of increase is a kind of Redundancy Design.Certainly, according to this thinking, also can design three covers or three and overlap above detecting unit.
As shown in Figure 7, two eccentric orfices that two cover detecting units are corresponding are different to the distance in the rotary disk center of circle.Two groups of corresponding photoelectric switchs form the concentric circles of two different radiis.
Two cover detecting units can export respective detection signal simultaneously, used by limit controller: such as, generally use the detection signal of first set detecting unit, when the detection signal that first set detecting unit exports occurs abnormal, use the detection signal of the second cover detecting unit.
The position of two eccentric orfices, requires them not at same circumference, and ensures that corresponding photoelectric switch is installed.If two eccentric orfices are arranged on two different radiis of same diameter, the size of two eccentric orfices can be calculated according to dynamic balance principle, thus dynamic balance weight need not be set can realize kinetic balance.On rolling disc, more outer, the circular hole area offered is less, as Fig. 7 mesopore 13; More inner, the circular hole area offered is larger, as Fig. 7 mesopore 12.Hole 13 and corresponding photoelectric switch are 31,32,33 form first set detecting unit, and hole 12 forms second with corresponding photoelectric switch 34,35,36 and overlaps detecting unit.
Certainly, if three eccentric orfices of three cover detecting units, also can by the position of kinetic balance relational design three eccentric orfices, size to realize kinetic balance.
Lifting mechanism embodiment
As shown in Figure 8, lifting mechanism, key mechanism relates to drive motor, speed reduction gearing and drum mechanism built, and drive motor is in transmission connection by high speed shaft and speed reduction gearing, and speed reduction gearing is in transmission connection by slow-speed shaft and drum mechanism built, and high speed shaft is equipped with stop mechanism.Lifting mechanism also comprises lifting limit control system, and the limit controller of lifting limit control system carries out end position power-off control by the contact of a relay device to drive motor and drg, and output signal controls the warning such as buzzer phone, Warning light simultaneously.
Lifting limit control system is identical with the lifting limit control system in above embodiment, does not repeat them here.
About the installation site of the rotary disk of photo-electric rotation detecting device, can be arranged in the respective shaft of speed reduction gearing, respective shaft herein not only comprises input shaft, output shaft, to be in transmission connection motor output shaft, also to comprise the tween drive shaft of speed reduction gearing with input shaft.So the installation site of rotary disk as shown in Figure 1, can be that (be directed to drg is arranged between motor and retarder A between motor and drg, and the situation that between motor and drg, space is larger), B between drg and speed reduction gearing (be directed to drg to be arranged between motor and retarder, and the situation that between retarder and drg, space is larger).Or tween drive shaft E, F of speed reduction gearing, output shaft G.Be exactly that rotary disk also can be in transmission connection by gear or other retarders and above-mentioned rotor axis mechanical, as the A ' position in figure, is in transmission connection by gear and motor shaft A, the axis of rotary disk and the axis being parallel of high speed shaft in addition.When rotary disk is arranged on high speed shaft, greatly can improve accuracy of detection.
Hoisting crane embodiment
The hoisting crane of the present embodiment, comprises drive motor and lifting mechanism, and lifting mechanism have employed lifting limit control system, and its lifting mechanism adopted, lifting limit control system are identical with previous embodiment, therefore no longer does independent describing.
Be presented above the concrete embodiment that the utility model relates to three themes, but the utility model is not limited to described embodiment.Under the thinking that the utility model provides; the mode easily expected to those skilled in the art is adopted to convert the technological means in above-described embodiment, replace, revise; and the effect played utility model object that is substantially identical with the relevant art means in the utility model, that realize is also substantially identical; the technical scheme of such formation is carried out fine setting to above-described embodiment and is formed, and this technical scheme still falls in protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (12)
1. a lifting limit control system, comprise photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, the detection signal that photo-electric rotation detecting device sends sends to limit controller, the control output of limit controller and drive motor start-stop controller and stop mechanism controller control linkage; It is characterized in that, described photo-electric rotation detecting device have one for the detected rotary disk that carries out assembling with the respective shaft of speed reduction gearing and one and rotary disk just right, the detection stationary bracket that is provided with photoelectric switch; Described photo-electric rotation detecting device has at least a set of detecting unit, often overlap detecting unit to be made up of one group of photoelectric switch that the eccentric orfice that rotary disk is arranged and stationary bracket are arranged, each photoelectric switch is distributed on the circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice, and photoelectric switch is used for sending described detection signal.
2. lifting limit control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, photo-electric rotation detecting device has two covers or two and overlaps above detecting unit.
3. lifting limit control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rotary disk is assemblied on the high speed shaft of speed-changing mechanism.
4. the one lifting limit control system according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described three photoelectric switchs often overlapping detecting unit are uniformly distributed on the circular arc line of correspondence.
5. a lifting mechanism, comprises speed reduction gearing and drum mechanism built, and speed reduction gearing is used for connecting drive motor by high speed shaft, and speed reduction gearing is in transmission connection by slow-speed shaft and drum mechanism built, and high speed shaft is equipped with stop mechanism; Lifting mechanism also comprises lifting limit control system, lifting limit control system comprises photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, the detection signal that photo-electric rotation detecting device sends sends to limit controller, the control output of limit controller and drive motor start-stop controller and stop mechanism controller control linkage; It is characterized in that, described photo-electric rotation detecting device have one for the detected rotary disk that carries out assembling with the respective shaft of speed reduction gearing and one and rotary disk just right, the detection stationary bracket that is provided with photoelectric switch; Described photo-electric rotation detecting device has at least a set of detecting unit, often overlap detecting unit to be made up of one group of photoelectric switch that the eccentric orfice that rotary disk is arranged and stationary bracket are arranged, each photoelectric switch is distributed on the circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice, and photoelectric switch is used for sending described detection signal.
6. lifting mechanism according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described limit controller carries out end position power-off control by the contact of a relay device to drive motor and drg.
7. lifting mechanism according to claim 5, is characterized in that, photo-electric rotation detecting device has two covers or two and overlaps above detecting unit.
8. lifting mechanism according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described rotary disk is assemblied on the high speed shaft of speed-changing mechanism.
9. the lifting mechanism according to any one of claim 5-8, is characterized in that, described three photoelectric switchs often overlapping detecting unit are uniformly distributed on the circular arc line of correspondence.
10. a hoisting crane, comprise the lifting mechanism of drive motor, speed reduction gearing and drum mechanism built composition, drive motor is in transmission connection by high speed shaft and speed reduction gearing, speed reduction gearing is in transmission connection by slow-speed shaft and drum mechanism built, and high speed shaft is equipped with stop mechanism; Lifting mechanism also comprises lifting limit control system, lifting limit control system comprises photo-electric rotation detecting device and limit controller, the detection signal that photo-electric rotation detecting device sends sends to limit controller, the control output of limit controller and drive motor start-stop controller and stop mechanism controller control linkage; It is characterized in that, described photo-electric rotation detecting device have one for the detected rotary disk that carries out assembling with the respective shaft of speed reduction gearing and one and rotary disk just right, the detection stationary bracket that is provided with photoelectric switch; Described photo-electric rotation detecting device has at least a set of detecting unit, often overlap detecting unit to be made up of the eccentric orfice that rotary disk is arranged and the one group of photoelectric switch arranged on the stationary bracket, each photoelectric switch is distributed on the circular arc line corresponding with above-mentioned eccentric orfice, and photoelectric switch is used for sending described detection signal.
11. hoisting cranes according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described limit controller aligns the superposition of the reversion number of turns by embedded chip, real-time instruction lifting altitude position, and when crane hook closes on bound position, end position power-off control is carried out to drive motor and drg by the contact of a relay.
12. hoisting cranes according to claim 10 or 11, is characterized in that, photo-electric rotation detecting device has two covers or the above detecting unit of two covers, and are carried out lifting altitude instruction by the detection signal that detecting unit is overlapped in embedded chip collection more and controlled.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520156956.0U CN204549856U (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2015-03-19 | Lifting limit control system, lifting mechanism and hoisting crane |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520156956.0U CN204549856U (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2015-03-19 | Lifting limit control system, lifting mechanism and hoisting crane |
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| CN204549856U true CN204549856U (en) | 2015-08-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104709827A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-06-17 | 太原科技大学 | Lifting limiting control system, hoisting mechanism and crane |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104709827A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-06-17 | 太原科技大学 | Lifting limiting control system, hoisting mechanism and crane |
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