CN104704731A

CN104704731A - Converter and bi-directional converter

Info

Publication number: CN104704731A
Application number: CN201380051026.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 人见基久
Original assignee: OLISEN ELECTRICAL CO Ltd
Current assignee: Olison Co
Priority date: 2012-10-05
Filing date: 2013-10-04
Publication date: 2015-06-10
Anticipated expiration: 2033-10-04
Also published as: JP2014075943A; KR20150038104A; WO2014054787A1; KR101654490B1; JP5552149B2; CN104704731B

Abstract

Provided are a converter and a bi-directional converter that can handle a wide range of input/output voltage current and that have reduced switching loss. This converter and this bi-directional converter have a first circuit connected to a primary coil of a transceiver, a second circuit connected to a secondary coil of the transceiver, and an inductance means connected to either the primary coil or the secondary coil of the transceiver. Of the switching elements of the first circuit of an upper arm of a first or second leg and the switching elements of the first circuit of a lower arm of a second or first leg, which constitute an on group in the first circuit, the switching elements of the first circuit to which a first capacitor or a second capacitor is connected in parallel are turned off first.

Description

Converter and reversible transducer

Technical field

The present invention relates to converter and reversible transducer.

Background technology

In general, in DC-DC converter, use the transformer for making input side and outlet side insulation.In addition, according to the number of turns ratio of the input side of above-mentioned transformer and outlet side, can export after making the dc voltage boost of input or step-down.As DC-DC converter in the past, such as, in the DC-DC converter of patent documentation 1, use the transformer 16 of boosting.As shown in Fig. 4 (a) of patent documentation 1, above-mentioned DC-DC converter is when the first, the 4th switch element 15a, 15d conducting, second, third switch element 15b, 15c are disconnected, and during next, make above-mentioned action reverse, and replace in each period, produce high-frequency ac voltage square wave thus.Utilize transformer 16 to boost to the high-frequency ac voltage square wave produced by above-mentioned action, and exported by full-wave rectifying circuit 17.When obtaining desired output voltage, convertor controls portion 20 makes the first, the 4th switch element 15a, 15d of change-over circuit 14 or second, third switch element 15b, 15c disconnect.

Equally, in the DC-DC converter shown in Fig. 7 of patent documentation 2, by the Duty ratio control of converter 8, make the direct voltage of input become alternating voltage, and utilize transformer 9 to carry out transformation to the alternating voltage obtained and by rectification circuit 10 output dc voltage.In above-mentioned DC-DC converter, make the change in duty cycle of converter 8 according to the change of input voltage.In the DC-DC converter of above-mentioned patent documentation 2, when input voltage significantly changes and causes duty ratio to diminish, the loss of transformer 9 becomes large.Therefore, in the DC-DC converter shown in Fig. 8 of patent documentation 2, before converter 8, insert reduction voltage circuit 7, when input voltage is larger, make reduction voltage circuit 7 action.In addition, arranging in the DC-DC converter shown in Fig. 1 of patent documentation 2 and connect commutation circuit 18, by connecting commutation circuit 18, output voltage being declined when input voltage is larger.

Patent documentation 1: No. 2008-278723, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication

Patent documentation 2: flat No. 11-187654 of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication

But there are the following problems in above-mentioned DC-DC converter: when reaching desired output voltage, also under the state of flowing, the switch disconnection of change-over circuit is made to produce switching losses at electric current.There are the following problems in addition: if in order to realize large-scale input and output voltage electric current, and make the switch element in converter corresponding with Duty ratio control, then the loss of transformer becomes large, if in order to the loss reducing transformer, and reduction voltage circuit or commutation circuit are set, then circuit and control become complicated.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide can corresponding input and output voltage electric current on a large scale reduce converter and the reversible transducer of switching losses.

The invention provides a kind of converter, it is characterized in that comprising: transformer, there is primary coil and secondary coil, first circuit, be connected with described primary side, and have: first area and second area, be connected in parallel between the first terminal and the second terminal respectively, and using switch element as upper underarm, described switch element has the switch element being parallel with anti-parallel diodes and shunt capacitor respectively, first capacitor, in parallel with described first area or a switch element of upper underarm of second area or a switch element of the upper arm of described first area and second area or underarm, and second capacitor, in parallel with described first area or another switch element of upper underarm of second area or another switch element of the upper arm of described first area and second area or underarm, second circuit, be connected with described second coil side, and have: bridge-type connecting circuit, in the one-way element that bridge-type connects, have at least two described one-way elements to be parallel with switch element respectively, described switch element comprises the switch element being parallel with shunt capacitor respectively, and the 3rd capacitor and the 4th capacitor, in parallel with two described switch elements at least respectively, inductance, connected by described primary coil between the tie point of the tie point of the upper underarm in described first area and the upper underarm of described second area, or connected by described secondary coil between another tie point of same polarity series connection between the tie point of same polarity series connection between described one-way element in described bridge-type connecting circuit and described one-way element, and control circuit, make the switch element alternate conduction disconnection in groups of the underarm of the switch element of the upper arm of described first area or second area and described second area or first area, will from described first, the direct current of the second terminals side input is converted to and exchanges and export from described first circuit, when the control that switch element alternate conduction in groups described in making disconnects, the described switch element being parallel with described first capacitor or described second capacitor in the described described first area in groups making to be in conducting state or the switch element of upper arm of second area and the switch element of the underarm of described second area or first area first disconnects.

Converter of the present invention and reversible transducer can corresponding input and output voltage electric currents on a large scale reduce switching losses.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the pie graph of the converter of first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is the oscillogram of an example of the drive singal of the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1 and switch element S5, S6 of second circuit 2 when representing switch element S5, S6 conducting disconnection making second circuit 2 in the converter of first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is the oscillogram of an example of the exciting current representing the voltage of switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1 when making switch element S5, S6 conducting of second circuit 2 disconnect in the converter of first embodiment of the invention, electric current and transformer 11.

Fig. 4 is the oscillogram representing the voltage of switch element S5, S6 of second circuit 2 when making switch element S5, S6 conducting of second circuit 2 disconnect in the converter of first embodiment of the invention, electric current and the voltage of one-way element D7, D8, an example of electric current.

Fig. 5 is the oscillogram of a part for the oscillogram being exaggerated Fig. 3.

The circuit diagram that Fig. 6 is formed in each moment when being and making switch element S5, S6 conducting of second circuit 2 disconnect in the converter of first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 represents to make in the converter of first embodiment of the invention to the voltage exported between the 3rd terminal T3 and the 4th terminal T4 lower than the example by making switch element S5, S6 of second circuit 2 carry out the oscillogram of the drive singal of the action of conducting disconnection and the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1 in the action of output voltage that obtains and switch element S5, S6 of second circuit 2.

Fig. 8 represents to make in the converter of first embodiment of the invention to the voltage exported between the 3rd terminal T3 and the 4th terminal T4 lower than by making switch element S5, S6 of second circuit 2 carry out the action of conducting disconnection and the oscillogram of an example of the exciting current of the voltage of the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1 in the action of the output voltage obtained, electric current and transformer 11.

Fig. 9 represents to make in the converter of first embodiment of the invention to the voltage exported between the 3rd terminal T3 and the 4th terminal T4 lower than by making switch element S5, S6 of second circuit 2 carry out the action of conducting disconnection and the voltage of one-way element D5 ~ D8 of second circuit 2, the oscillogram of an example of electric current in the action of the output voltage obtained.

Figure 10 makes to the voltage exported between the 3rd terminal T3 and the 4th terminal T4 lower than by making switch element S5, S6 of second circuit 2 carry out the action of conducting disconnection and the circuit diagram formed in each moment in the action of the output voltage obtained in the converter of first embodiment of the invention.

Figure 11 is the pie graph of the reversible transducer of second embodiment of the invention.

Description of reference numerals

T1 the first terminal, T2 second terminal, T3 the 3rd terminal, T4 the 4th terminal, 1 first circuit, 2, 22 second circuits, 3, 23 control circuits, 11 transformers, 12 first areas, 13 second areas, 24 the 3rd regions, 25 the 4th regions, 16, 17 capacitors, the output voltage checkout gear of 18 second circuits, the output voltage checkout gear of 19 first circuit, the switch element of S1 ~ S4 first circuit, Q1 ~ Q4 switch element, D1 ~ D4 anti-parallel diodes, C1 ~ C4 shunt capacitor, D5 ~ D8 one-way element (anti-parallel diodes), the switch element of S5 ~ S8 second circuit, Q5 ~ Q8 switch element, C5 ~ C8 shunt capacitor, Ca ~ Cd the first ~ four capacitor, L inductance

Embodiment

Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.In addition, following execution mode is a kind of mode of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode.In addition, in the following execution mode and accompanying drawing of this specification, the inscape that Reference numeral is identical represents identical inscape.

(the first execution mode)

Utilize Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 6, the converter of first embodiment of the invention is described.Fig. 1 represents the pie graph of the converter of first embodiment of the invention.Converter shown in Fig. 1 comprises: transformer 11, the first circuit 1 be connected with the primary coil 11a side of transformer 11, second circuit 2, inductance L and the control circuit 3 be connected with the secondary coil 11b side of transformer 11.Above-mentioned converter exchanges being converted to the direct current that the second terminal T2 side inputs from the first terminal T1 and exporting from the first circuit 1, and in second circuit 2, is converted to direct current by transformer 11 by exchanging and provides electric power to the 3rd terminal T3 of outlet side and the 4th terminal T4 side.

To the first terminal T1, the second terminal input from the electric power of the power supply of peripheral hardware.Be connected with capacitor 16 between the first terminal T1, the second terminal T2 and become direct voltage.In addition, be connected with the first circuit 1 between the first terminal T1, the second terminal, described first circuit 1 is full bridge circuit, is made up of the upper underarm of first area 12 and second area 13 switch element S1 ~ S4.

First area 12, second area 13 are connected in parallel between the first terminal and the second terminal respectively.First area 12 using switch element S1, S2 as upper underarm, second area 13 using switch element S3, S4 as upper underarm.Use switch element S1 ~ S4 in Fig. 1, above-mentioned switch element S1 ~ S4 makes switch element Q1 ~ Q4 in parallel with anti-parallel diodes D1 ~ D4 and shunt capacitor C1 ~ C4 respectively.That is, anti-parallel diodes D1 ~ D4 is the internal body diodes of switch element S1 ~ S4, and shunt capacitor C1 ~ C4 is the parasitic capacitance of switch element S1 ~ S4.

In addition, in the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, anti-parallel diodes D1 ~ D4 in parallel with switch element Q1 ~ Q4 can use the diode-built-in of switch element S1 ~ S4, also can use the diode relative to the independent peripheral hardware of switch element S1 ~ S4, can be their combination in addition.Equally, as shown in Figure 1, the shunt capacitor C1 ~ C4 in parallel with switch element Q1 ~ Q4 can use the parasitic capacitance of switch element S1 ~ S4, also can use the capacitor relative to the independent peripheral hardware of switch element S1 ~ S4, can be their combination in addition.

First capacitor Ca, the second capacitor Cb are in parallel with the switch element first disconnected in switch element S1, S4 of the first circuit 1 in groups and switch element S2, S3 respectively.In Fig. 1, the first capacitor Ca, the second capacitor Cb is in parallel with switch element S3, S4 of the upper underarm of the second area 13 first disconnected respectively.

Second circuit 2 has: bridge-type connecting circuit, has one-way element D7, D8 and two switch element S5, S6; And the 3rd capacitor Cc and the 4th capacitor Cd, in parallel with two switch elements S5, S6 respectively, and described second circuit 2 is connected with the secondary coil 11b side of transformer 11.Use switch element S5, S6 of comprising switch element Q5, Q6 in Fig. 1, above-mentioned switch element Q5, Q6 are in parallel with one-way element D5, D6 and shunt capacitor C5, C6 respectively.In addition, the series circuit of the series circuit of one-way element D5, D6 of same polarity series connection and one-way element D7, D8 of same polarity series connection is connected in parallel between the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 respectively.

Use switch element S5, S6 in Fig. 1, above-mentioned switch element S5, S6 make switch element Q5, Q6 in parallel with anti-parallel diodes D5, D6 and shunt capacitor C5, C6 respectively.That is, one-way element D5, D6 are the internal body diodes of switch element S5, S6, and shunt capacitor C5, C6 are the parasitic capacitances of switch element S5, S6.In addition, in the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, one-way element D5, D6 can use the diode-built-in of switch element S5, S6, also can use the diode relative to the independent peripheral hardware of switch element S5, S6, can be their combination in addition.Equally, as shown in Figure 1, shunt capacitor C5, C6 can use the parasitic capacitance of switch element S5, S6, also can use the capacitor relative to the independent peripheral hardware of switch element S5, S6, can be their combination in addition.

In the bridge-type connecting circuit of second circuit 2, the tie point of one-way element D5, D6 same polarity series connection is connected with the secondary coil 11b of transformer 11 with another tie point side that one-way element D7, D8 same polarity is connected.In addition, between the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4, be connected with capacitor 17, direct voltage exports between the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4.

Inductance L is connected between the tie point of upper underarm of first area 12 and the tie point of the upper underarm of second area 13 by the primary coil 11a of transformer 11.Between the tie point side that above-mentioned inductance L also can be connected to one-way element D5, D6 same polarity series connection in the bridge-type connecting circuit of second circuit 2 by the secondary coil 11b of transformer 11 and another tie point side of one-way element D7, D8 same polarity series connection.In addition, in Fig. 1, one end of inductance L is connected with the tie point side of the upper underarm of first area 12, the other end is connected with the primary coil 11a side of transformer 11, but one end of inductance L also can be made to be connected with the tie point side of the upper underarm of second area 13, the other end is connected with the primary coil 11a side of transformer 11.When inductance L is connected by secondary coil 11b too.

Control circuit 3 provides drive singal respectively to the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1, switch element S5, S6 of second circuit 2, and the conducting carrying out each switch element disconnects and controlling.The converter of Fig. 1 makes the switch element S4 of the switch element S1 of the upper arm of first area 12 or second area 13 or the underarm of switch element S3 and second area 13 or first area 12 or switch element S2 become one group respectively and alternate conduction disconnects.In switch element S1, S4 of the first circuit 1 in groups, switch element S4 or switch element S1 first disconnects, and after this disconnects after switch element S1 or switch element S4.Equally, in switch element S2, S3 of another first circuit 1 in groups, switch element S3 or switch element S2 first disconnects, and after this disconnects after switch element S2 or switch element S3.

The output voltage checkout gear 18 of the second circuit 2 shown in Fig. 1 detects the output voltage to the second circuit 2 exported between the 3rd terminal T3 and the 4th terminal T4.Above-mentioned output voltage detected value input control circuit 3.Control circuit 3, according to output voltage detected value, makes the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1 and switch element S5, S6 conducting of second circuit 2 disconnect, thus controls the output voltage of second circuit 2.Such as, control circuit 3 carries out Pulse Width Control, modulates the pulse amplitude of the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1 and switch element S5, S6 of second circuit 2 and frequency etc., to make output voltage detected value close to the target voltage values corresponding with loading condition.Such as make resistance be connected with outlet side, and detect by the output voltage checkout gear 18 of second circuit 2 voltage applied to above-mentioned resistance.

Control circuit 3, by the Pulse Width Control of drive singal provided to switch element S5 or the switch element S6 of second circuit 2, controls the energy accumulated in from the first terminal T1 and the second terminal T2 side inductance L.In this case, during the switch element S1 of the first circuit 1 in groups and switch element S4 or switch element S2 and switch element S3 is in conducting state, make the switch element S5 of second circuit 2 or switch element S6 become conducting state, make the secondary coil 11b side of transformer 11 become short-circuit condition thus.Thus, make to put aside inductance L from the energy of the first terminal T1 and the input of the second terminal T2 side.Then, during the switch element S1 of the first circuit 1 in groups and switch element S4 or switch element S2 and switch element S3 constant conduction state, the switch element S5 of second circuit 2 or switch element S6 is made to become off-state.Thus, the energy put aside in inductance L supplies to the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 side.

In addition, when carry out making to the voltage exported between the 3rd terminal T3 and the 4th terminal T4 side lower than by make switch element S5, S6 of above-mentioned second circuit 2 carry out the action of conducting disconnection and the action of the output voltage obtained time, control circuit 3 carries out Pulse Width Control to the switch element of the first circuit, and makes switch element S5, S6 of second circuit with the mode action of not forward conduction.Specifically, during the switch element S1 of the first circuit in groups and switch element S4 or switch element S2 and switch element S3 is in conducting state, control circuit 3 carries out Pulse Width Control to the switch element of the first circuit, to make from the energy of the first terminal T1 and the input of the second terminal T2 side by inductance L to the 3rd terminal T3 and the supply of the 4th terminal T4 side, and make switch element S5, S6 of second circuit with the mode action of not forward conduction.In above-mentioned action, because control circuit 3 makes switch element S5 and the switch element S6 not forward conduction of second circuit 2, so the bridge-type connecting circuit of second circuit 2 is as the full-bridge type rectification circuit performance function of one-way element D5 ~ D8 conducting.

In addition, make the drive singal of the switch element of the first circuit 1, the switching means conductive of second circuit 2 as Continuity signal using being used for, using being used for making the switch element of the first circuit 1, drive singal that the switch element of second circuit 2 disconnects as cut-off signal, by following action, drive singal is described.Voltage, electric current etc. is used as drive singal.In addition, Continuity signal, cut-off signal etc. can provide signal during conducting, disconnection always, also as triggering the signal providing the short time, can be not particularly limited this.

Then, an example of the action of the converter of first embodiment of the invention is described.First, utilizing Fig. 2 to Fig. 6 to illustrate makes switch element S5, S6 of the second circuit 2 of converter carry out the situation of the action of conducting disconnection.Fig. 2 is the oscillogram of an example of the drive singal representing the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1 and switch element S5, S6 of second circuit 2.Fig. 3 is the oscillogram of an example of the exciting current of the voltage of the switch element S1 ~ S4 representing the first circuit 1, electric current and transformer 11.Fig. 4 is the oscillogram of the voltage of switch element S5, the S6 representing second circuit 2, electric current and the voltage of one-way element D7, D8, an example of electric current.In addition, Fig. 5 is the figure of the time Tx part of a part for the oscillogram being exaggerated Fig. 3.Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram formed in each moment.In addition, in current waveform shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 5, using the electric current of forward flow in switch element S5, S6 of the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1, second circuit 2 as just, using the electric current of reverse flow in switch element S5, S6 of the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1, second circuit 2 and in one-way element D7, D8 the electric current of forward flow as negative.

At moment t1, switch element S1 and S4 to the first circuit 1 in groups provides Continuity signal.Provide Continuity signal to the switch element S6 of second circuit 2 before time tl.Thus, switch element Q1, Q4 and switch element Q6 forward conduction.In this state, as shown in (a) of Fig. 6, utilize the input electric power from the first terminal T1 and the supply of the second terminal T2 side, electric current moves from the first terminal T1 side direction switch element Q1, inductance L, primary coil 11a, switch element Q4, the second terminal T2 effluent.On the secondary coil 11b side of transformer 11, electric current is flowed by secondary coil 11b, switch element Q6, one-way element D8, and therefore secondary coil 11b side becomes short-circuit condition.Therefore, utilize the input electric power from the first terminal T1 and the supply of the second terminal T2 side, in inductance L, accumulate energy.In addition, from capacitor 17 to the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 side provides electric power.

At moment t2, such as in order to make the voltage detecting value between the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 detected by the output voltage checkout gear 18 of second circuit close to desired value, control circuit 3 is when the moment specified provides cut-off signal to the switch element S6 of second circuit 2, and the energy accumulated in inductance L starts to supply to the outlet side of second circuit 2.As shown in (b) of Fig. 6, the flowing in the continuing current flow of the primary coil 11a side of transformer 11 same paths from moment t1, but become off-state at secondary coil 11b side switch element Q6.As shown in Figure 4, at above-mentioned moment t2, under the state flowed in the switch element S6 of big current at second circuit 2, switch element Q6 is disconnected, so switching losses becomes problem.As the method reducing above-mentioned switching losses, the both end voltage reducing switch element S6 when switch element S6 disconnects can be considered.

In the present invention, make shunt capacitor C6 and the 4th capacitor Cd in parallel with switch element Q6, thus make the capacity of capacitor become large.Equally, make shunt capacitor C5 and the 3rd capacitor Cc in parallel with switch element Q5, thus make the capacity of capacitor become large.When moment t2 makes switch element Q6 disconnect, as shown in (b) of Fig. 6, in secondary coil 11b side, electric current, to the direction of charging to the shunt capacitor C6 in parallel with the switch element Q6 disconnected and the 4th capacitor Cd, flows from secondary coil 11b to shunt capacitor C6 and the 4th capacitor Cd, one-way element D8.On the other hand, discharging current is flowed from shunt capacitor C5 and the 4th capacitor Cc by the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 side, one-way element D8 and secondary coil 11b.By making condenser capacity become large, and passing through the discharge and recharge action of shunt capacitor C6 and the 4th capacitor Cd and shunt capacitor C5 and the 3rd capacitor Cc, the both end voltage of the switch element S6 of second circuit 2 can be made slowly to increase.Therefore, the switching losses during switch element S6 disconnection of second circuit 2 can be reduced.

At moment t3, at the end of the shunt capacitor C6 of second circuit 2 and the discharge and recharge of the 4th capacitor Cd and shunt capacitor C5 and the 3rd capacitor Cc, as shown in (c) of Fig. 6, one-way element D5 conducting.The electric current of secondary coil 11b side is flowed from secondary coil 11b by one-way element D5, the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 side and one-way element D8.Supply from accumulating in the outlet side of the energy inductance L to second circuit 2 during above-mentioned moment t1 to moment t2.In addition, accumulating in the process that the outlet side of the energy in above-mentioned inductance L to second circuit 2 supply, except supplying to the load be connected with the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4, also the capacitor 17 discharged during moment t1 to moment t2 is charged.In addition, the electric current of primary coil 11a side the moment t4 disconnected from moment t1 to switch element Q4 during, continue to flow in identical current path.

At moment t4, control circuit 3 provides cut-off signal to make it first disconnect to the switch element S4 of the first circuit 1 in switch element S1, S4 of the first circuit 1 in groups.Therefore, as shown in Figure 3, owing to making switch element Q4 disconnect under the state that current value is larger, so produce switching losses when the switch element S4 of the first circuit 1 disconnects.As the method reducing above-mentioned switching losses, the both end voltage of the switch element S4 of the first circuit 1 when can consider that the switch element S4 of reduction by first circuit 1 disconnects.

In the present invention, relative to switch element Q4 except being parallel with shunt capacitor C4, be also parallel with the second capacitor Cb, thus make the capacity of capacitor become large.Equally, relative to switch element Q3 except being parallel with shunt capacitor C3, be also parallel with the first capacitor Ca, thus make the capacity of capacitor become large.Therefore, when moment t4 makes switch element Q4 disconnect, as shown in (d) of Fig. 6, in primary coil 11a side, electric current, to the direction of charging to the shunt capacitor C4 in parallel with the switch element Q4 disconnected and the second capacitor Cb, is flowed from inductance L, primary coil 11a, shunt capacitor C4 and the second capacitor Cb, the second terminal T2 and the first terminal T1 side by switch element Q1.On the other hand, discharging current is flowed from shunt capacitor C3 and the first capacitor Ca by switch element Q1, inductance L and primary coil 11a.By making condenser capacity become large, and passing through the discharge and recharge action of shunt capacitor C4 and the second capacitor Cb and shunt capacitor C3 and the first capacitor Ca, the both end voltage of switch element S4 can be made slowly to increase.Therefore, the switching losses during switch element S4 disconnection of the first circuit 1 can be reduced.

At moment t5, at the end of the electric discharge of shunt capacitor C3 and the first capacitor Ca and the charging of shunt capacitor C4 and the second capacitor Cb, as shown in (e) of Fig. 6, the anti-parallel diodes D3 conducting in parallel with switch element Q3.In primary coil 11a side, utilize the exciting current of energy and the transformer 11 accumulated in inductance L, electric current is to the direction identical with the electric current flowed in primary coil 11a, inductance L before moment t5, from inductance L, primary coil 11a, flowed by anti-parallel diodes D3, switch element Q1.In addition, the flowing by secondary coil 11b, one-way element D5, three terminal T3 side, four terminal T4 side and one-way element D8 of the continuing current flow of secondary coil 11b side from moment t3.Electric current is last till that the electric current after this flowed in one-way element D5 is roughly till zero from during the D5 conducting of one-way element during flowing in the current path of above-mentioned secondary coil 11b side.

At moment t6, in switch element S1, S4 of the first circuit 1 in groups, the drive singal of the switch element S1 of rear disconnection is made to become cut-off signal.Because switch element Q1 disconnects, so utilize the exciting current of the transformer flowed before instant t 6, electric current is flowed from primary coil 11a by anti-parallel diodes D3, shunt capacitor C1 and inductance L, thus charges to shunt capacitor C1.On the other hand, discharging current is moved from shunt capacitor C2 by inductance L, primary coil 11a, anti-parallel diodes D3, the first terminal T1 side and the second terminal T2 effluent.Now, switch element Q1 also disconnects at electric current under the state of flowing, but above-mentioned electric current can be made to become the exciting current of the very little transformer of numerical value 11.Therefore, disconnect after making switch element S1, current value during disconnection can be made to diminish, so compared with when disconnecting with the switch element Q4 first disconnected, switching losses can be made to diminish.

At moment t7, at the end of the discharge and recharge of shunt capacitor C1, C2, as shown in (g) of Fig. 6, anti-parallel diodes D2 conducting.In primary coil 11a side, utilize the exciting current of transformer 11, electric current, to the direction identical with the electric current flowed in primary coil 11a before moment t7, is flowed from primary coil 11a by anti-parallel diodes D3, the first terminal T1 side, the second terminal T2 side, anti-parallel diodes D2 and inductance L.In addition, the flowing by secondary coil 11b, one-way element D5, three terminal T3 side, four terminal T4 side and one-way element D8 of the continuing current flow of secondary coil 11b side from moment t3.Electric current is last till that the electric current after this flowed in one-way element D5 is roughly till zero from during the D5 conducting of one-way element during flowing in the current path of above-mentioned secondary coil 11b side.

At moment t8, the drive singal of switch element S2, S3 of another first circuit 1 is in groups made to become Continuity signal.As shown in (h) of Fig. 6, in primary coil 11a side, switch element Q2 and switch element Q3 forward conduction, electric current is moved by the first terminal T1 side, switch element Q3, primary coil 11a, inductance L, switch element Q2 and the second terminal T2 effluent.In secondary coil 11b side, before moment t8, the drive singal to the switch element S5 of second circuit 2 provides Continuity signal, thus switch element Q5 can be made to become the state of forward conduction at moment t8.Therefore, during switch element Q5 forward conduction, electric current is flowed from secondary coil 11b by anti-parallel diodes D7 and switch element Q5, and secondary coil 11b side becomes short-circuit condition.Therefore, utilizing the electric power from inputting between the first terminal T1, the second terminal T2, in inductance L, accumulating energy.

In the present invention, due to before moment t8, anti-parallel diodes D2, D3 conducting in parallel with switch element Q2, Q3 respectively, so as shown in Figure 5, can realize zero voltage switch when switch element S2, S3 conducting of the first circuit 1.

In addition, due to before moment t8, the one-way element D5 conducting in parallel with switch element Q5, so switch element Q5 can with no-voltage conducting.In addition, in order to realize the zero voltage switch of switch element Q5, the conduction period as one-way element D5 from during moment t3 to moment t8, the switch element S5 to second circuit 2 provides Continuity signal as drive singal.

After moment t8, switch element S2, S3 of another first circuit 1 is in groups made to carry out the action identical with the action that above-mentioned switch element S1, S4 in groups carries out from moment t1 to moment t8.Namely, during switch element Q2 and switch element Q3 conducting, such as, provide cut-off signal in the moment determined by control circuit 3 to the switch element S5 of second circuit 2, become setting to make the voltage detecting value between the 3rd terminal T3 of the outlet side as second circuit 2, the 4th terminal T4.Thus, provide to the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 side the energy accumulated in inductance L.After this, the switch element Q3 being parallel with the first capacitor Ca is first disconnected, then make switch element Q2 disconnect in switch element S2, S3 in groups.

In addition, in the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, switch element S1, S2 series connection of the first circuit 1 of rear disconnection.Zero voltage switch is realized in order to make switch element S1, S2 of above-mentioned rear disconnection, such as, when making switch element S1 disconnect, dropping to after zero in the both end voltage being positioned at the switch element S2 of another underarm of identical first area with it, providing Continuity signal to switch element Q2.At this, using from during providing cut-off signal to providing Continuity signal to switch element Q2 to switch element Q1, namely switch element S1, S2 jointly disconnect during as Td.

Utilize the flowing of above-mentioned exciting current to carry out discharging action, the both end voltage being discharged to above-mentioned switch element S2 drop to till zero, namely the voltage of capacitor C2 reach till zero.Therefore, in order to realize the zero voltage switch of the switch element S2 of rear disconnection, first need to make exciting current become the size that the both end voltage of switch element S2 can be made to drop to zero.In addition, Td during needing setting that switch element S1, S2 are disconnected jointly, enables the both end voltage of switch element S2 utilize exciting current to drop to zero.It is also identical when the switch element S1 of the first circuit 1 of rear disconnection realizes zero voltage switch.Need to arrange exciting current and the Td during switch element S1, S2 are disconnected jointly that the both end voltage of switch element S1 can be made to drop to the size of zero.

In addition, if Td is set as higher value during jointly disconnecting making switch element S1, S2 of the first circuit 1, then the both end voltage of switch element S1 or switch element S2 drops to after zero, and voltage rises again, and namely capacitor C1 or capacitor C2 is charged after being discharged to zero.Therefore, switch element S1, S2 jointly disconnect during the Td both end voltage that is preferably switch element S1 or switch element S2 drop to degree during zero.In addition, shunt capacitor C1, C2 of the capacity of the capacitor in parallel with switch element Q1, Q2 of rear disconnection become the less capability value such as built-in parasitic capacitance of switch element S1, S2, so there is deviation according to parts.Therefore, can be in parallel with the capacitor arranged separately by the built-in parasitic capacitance of switch element S1, S2, thus using combined capacity as above-mentioned shunt capacitor C1, C2.

Then, utilize the converter circuit figure and Fig. 7 to Figure 10 of Fig. 1, illustrate when making the output voltage between the 3rd terminal T3 and the 4th terminal T4 lower than the output voltage obtained by the action making switch element S5, S6 conducting of above-mentioned second circuit 2 disconnect, second circuit 2 is played the action of function as full-bridge type rectification circuit.Fig. 7 is the oscillogram of an example of the drive singal representing the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1 in above-mentioned action and switch element S5, S6 of second circuit 2.Fig. 8 is the oscillogram of an example of the exciting current of the voltage of the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1 represented in above-mentioned action, electric current and transformer 11.Fig. 9 is the voltage of one-way element D5 ~ D8 of the second circuit 2 represented in above-mentioned action, the oscillogram of an example of electric current.In addition, Figure 10 is the circuit diagram that the above-mentioned action of the converter of first embodiment of the invention was formed in each moment.In addition, in the current waveform shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9, using the electric current of forward flow in the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1 as just, using the electric current of reverse flow in the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1 and in one-way element D5 ~ D8 the electric current of forward flow as negative.

When above-mentioned action, in the converter circuit of Fig. 1, the bridge-type connecting circuit of second circuit 2 plays function as the full-bridge type rectification circuit of one-way element D5 ~ D8 conducting.Therefore, as long as the converter second circuit 2 of execution mode 1 at least has one-way element D5 ~ D8, so as shown in Figure 7, do not provide Continuity signal to the switch element S5 of second circuit 2 and the drive singal of switch element S6.

At moment t21, provide Continuity signal to the switch element S1 of the first circuit 1 in groups and the Continuity signal of switch element S4.Now, Continuity signal is not provided to the switch element S5 of second circuit 2 and switch element S6.As shown in (a) of Figure 10, in the primary coil 11a side of transformer 11, electric current is dynamic from the first terminal T1 side direction switch element Q1, inductance L, primary coil 11a, switch element Q4 and the second terminal T2 effluent.In the secondary coil 11b side of transformer 11, electric current is flowed from secondary coil 11b by one-way element D5, the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 side, one-way element D8.Supplied to the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 side from the input electric power of the first terminal T1 and the supply of the second terminal T2 side by inductance L.

At moment t22, such as, the switch element S4 that control circuit 3 first disconnects in switch element S1, S4 of the first circuit 1 in groups provides cut-off signal, and the voltage detecting value between the 3rd terminal T3 detected to make the output voltage checkout gear 18 of second circuit, the 4th terminal T4 is close to desired value.Therefore, as shown in Figure 8, because switch element Q4 disconnects under the state that current value is larger, so produce switching losses when switch element S4 disconnects.In the present invention, as illustrating in the action making switch element S5, S6 conducting of above-mentioned second circuit 2 disconnect, relative to switch element Q4 except being parallel with shunt capacitor C4, be also parallel with the second capacitor Cb, thus make the capacity of capacitor become large.Equally, relative to switch element Q3 except being parallel with shunt capacitor C3, be also parallel with the first capacitor Ca, thus make the capacity of capacitor become large.

Therefore, at moment t22, when switch element Q4 disconnects, as shown in (b) of Figure 10, in primary coil 11a side, electric current, to the direction of charging to the shunt capacitor C4 in parallel with the switch element Q4 disconnected and the second capacitor Cb, is flowed from inductance L, primary coil 11a, shunt capacitor C4 and the second capacitor Cb, the second terminal T2 and the first terminal T1 side by switch element Q1.On the other hand, discharging current is flowed from shunt capacitor C3 and the first capacitor Ca by switch element Q1, inductance L and primary coil 11a.The capacity of the capacitor in parallel with switch element S4, S3 of the first circuit 1 first disconnected is become greatly, and the rising of the both end voltage of switch element S4 is slowed down, thus the switching losses when switch element S4 reducing the first circuit 1 disconnects.

At moment t23, at the end of the charging of the electric discharge of shunt capacitor C3 and the first capacitor Ca and shunt capacitor C4 and the second capacitor Cb, as shown in (c) of Figure 10, the anti-parallel diodes D3 conducting in parallel with switch element Q3.In primary coil 11a side, utilize the exciting current of energy and the transformer 11 accumulated in inductance L, electric current, to the direction identical with the electric current flowed in primary coil 11a, inductance L before moment t5, is flowed from inductance L, primary coil 11a by anti-parallel diodes D3, switch element Q1.In addition, the flowing by secondary coil 11b, one-way element D5, three terminal T3 side, four terminal T4 side and one-way element D8 of the continuing current flow of secondary coil 11b side from moment t21.

At moment t24, the drive singal of the switch element S1 disconnected after in switch element S1, S4 of the first circuit 1 in groups is made to become cut-off signal.Because switch element Q1 disconnects, so utilize the exciting current of the transformer flowed before moment t23, as shown in (d) of Figure 10, electric current is flowed from primary coil 11a by anti-parallel diodes D3, shunt capacitor C1 and inductance L, thus charges to shunt capacitor C1.On the other hand, discharging current is moved from shunt capacitor C2 by inductance L, primary coil 11a, anti-parallel diodes D3, the first terminal T1 and the second terminal T2 effluent.Now, although switch element Q1 also disconnects at electric current under the state of flowing, little during the switch element Q4 that current value ratio can be made first to disconnect.Thus, compared with when disconnecting with the switch element Q4 first disconnected, the switching losses of the switch element Q1 of rear disconnection can be made to diminish.

At moment t25, at the end of the discharge and recharge of shunt capacitor C1, C2, as shown in (e) of Figure 10, anti-parallel diodes D2 conducting.In primary coil 11a side, utilize the exciting current of transformer 11, electric current, to the direction identical with the electric current flowed in primary coil 11a before moment t25, is flowed from primary coil 11a by anti-parallel diodes D3, the first terminal T1, the second terminal T2 side, anti-parallel diodes D2 and inductance L.In addition, the flowing by secondary coil 11b, one-way element D5, three terminal T3 side, four terminal T4 side and one-way element D8 of the continuing current flow of secondary coil 11b side from moment t21.

At moment t26, switch element S2, S3 to another first circuit 1 in groups provide Continuity signal.As shown in (f) of Figure 10, in primary coil 11a side, switch element Q2 and switch element Q3 forward conduction, electric current is moved by the first terminal T1 side, switch element Q3, primary coil 11a, inductance L, switch element Q2 and the second terminal T2 effluent.Because the electric current flowed in primary coil 11a is contrary with flow direction so far, so in secondary coil 11b side, one-way element D6, one-way element D7 forward conduction, electric current is flowed from secondary coil 11b by one-way element D7, the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 side, one-way element D6.Identical with the situation of (a) of Figure 10, supplied to the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 side from the electric power inputted between the first terminal T1, the second terminal T2 by inductance L.

Same with during the action making switch element S5, S6 conducting of above-mentioned second circuit 2 disconnect, play in the action of function making the bridge-type connecting circuit of second circuit 2 as full-bridge type rectification circuit, due to anti-parallel diodes D2, D3 conducting in parallel with switch element Q2, Q3 respectively before moment t26, so as shown in Figure 8, switch element S2, S3 of the first circuit 1 can realize zero voltage switch when conducting.

The action of switch element S2, S3 of another first circuit 1 in groups after moment t26 is identical to the action of moment t26 from moment t21 with above-mentioned switch element S1, S4 in groups.That is, such as, control circuit 3 makes the switch element Q3 in parallel with the first capacitor Ca in switch element S2, S3 in groups first disconnect, and makes switch element Q2 disconnect afterwards, makes the output voltage between the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 become desired value thus.

In the converter of above-mentioned first execution mode, when carrying out making the bridge-type connecting circuit of above-mentioned second circuit 2 play the action of function as full-bridge type rectification circuit, even if modulate the pulse amplitude of the switch element of the first circuit and frequency, when also keeping off desired value from the detected value of the voltage exported between described 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4, control circuit 3 switches to the action that switch element S5, S6 conducting of second circuit 2 is disconnected.On the contrary, when the action carrying out making switch element S5, S6 conducting of above-mentioned second circuit 2 to disconnect, even if modulate the pulse amplitude of switch element S5, S6 of second circuit 2 and frequency, when also keeping off desired value from the detected value of the voltage exported between the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4, control circuit 3 switches to and makes the bridge-type connecting circuit of second circuit 2 play the action of function as full-bridge type rectification circuit.By switching two actions, have nothing to do with the circuit constant such as the number of turns ratio of transformer 11 and loading condition, can corresponding input and output voltage electric current on a large scale.

In addition, same with during the action making switch element S5, S6 conducting of above-mentioned second circuit 2 disconnect, the bridge-type connecting circuit of second circuit 2 is played in the action of function as full-bridge type rectification circuit, and the capacity of the capacitor in parallel with the switch element first disconnected in the switch element in groups of the first circuit 1 is greater than the capacity of the capacitor in parallel with the switch element of rear disconnection.In addition, in order to switch element S1, S2 of the first circuit 1 making rear disconnection realize zero voltage switch, first need to make exciting current become the size that the both end voltage of switch element S2 or switch element S1 can be made to drop to zero.In addition, Td during needing setting that switch element S1, S2 are disconnected jointly, enables the both end voltage of switch element S2 or switch element S1 drop to zero by exciting current.

The both end voltage that during switch element S1, S2 of first circuit 1 are disconnected jointly, Td is preferably switch element S1 or switch element S2 drops to the degree during zero.In addition, shunt capacitor C1, C2 of the capacity of the capacitor in parallel with switch element Q1, Q2 of rear disconnection become the less capability value such as built-in parasitic capacitance of switch element S1, S2, so there is deviation according to parts.Therefore, can be in parallel with the capacitor arranged separately by the built-in parasitic capacitance of switch element S1, S2, thus using combined capacity as above-mentioned shunt capacitor C1, C2.

In addition, in Fig. 2, Fig. 7, illustrate an example of following action: the Continuity signal being simultaneously provided as the drive singal of switch element S2, S3 of the first circuit 1 at moment t8, moment t26, and switch element Q2 and switch element Q3 starts forward conduction.But, be not limited to an example of the action of above-mentioned execution mode, provide the time point of the Continuity signal of switch element S2, S3 also can not simultaneously.In addition, during providing the time point of the Continuity signal of switch element S2, S3 also can be anti-parallel diodes D2, D3 conducting.In this case, the time point providing the time point of the Continuity signal of switch element S2, S3 and switch element Q2 and switch element Q3 to start forward conduction is inconsistent, such as, making the electric current of anti-parallel diodes D2, D3 conducting reach after zero, electric current starts forward and flows through switch element Q2 and switch element Q3.In addition, when the voltage drop of switch element Q2, Q3 when reverse direction current flow is less than the forward voltage as the voltage drop of anti-parallel diodes D2, D3 during electric current forward flow, Continuity signal can be provided to switch element S2, S3, make switch element Q2, Q3 reverse-conducting, thus reduce the conduction losses of switch element S2, S3.The situation of switch element S1, S4 of another first circuit 1 in groups too.

In the above-described first embodiment, in switch element S1, S4 and switch element S2, S3 of the first circuit 1 in groups, switch element S4, S3 of the upper underarm of second area 13 are first disconnected, but switch element S1, S2 of the upper underarm of first area 12 also can be made first to disconnect.In this case, make the first capacitor Ca, the second capacitor Cb is connected with switch element S1, S2 of first disconnecting respectively.In addition, the switch element of the first circuit 1 first disconnected can be switch element S1, S3 of the upper arm of first area 12 and second area 13 or can be switch element S2, S4 of underarm of first area 12 and second area 13.In this case, make the first capacitor Ca, the second capacitor Cb in parallel with switch element S1, S3 of first disconnecting or switch element S2, S4 respectively.

In addition, in the above-described first embodiment, in the bridge-type connecting circuit of the second circuit 2 shown in Fig. 1, the position being connected to the series circuit of switch element S5, the S6 between the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 and the series circuit of one-way element D7, D8 can be exchanged.In this case, the 3rd capacitor Cc, the 4th capacitor Cd are also in parallel with switch element S5, S6 of the second circuit 2 that conducting disconnects respectively.In addition, second circuit 2 can be that the circuit that mixing bridge type connects is formed, and one-way element D7 or the switch element S5 of one-way element D8 and second circuit 2 or the series circuit of switch element S6 is connected between the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4.In this case, the 3rd capacitor Cc, the 4th capacitor Cd are also in parallel with switch element S5, S6 of the second circuit 2 that conducting disconnects respectively.

In addition, in the explanation of above-mentioned execution mode 1, the one-way element D7 using diode as second circuit 2, one-way element D8, but be not limited to an above-mentioned example, as long as make electric current to the element of a direction conducting.In addition, as one-way element, can the internal body diodes that use switch element same with switch element S5, S6.The bridge-type connecting circuit of above-mentioned second circuit 2 is being played in the explanation of the action of function as full-bridge type rectification circuit, can during one-way element D5, D6 conducting, such as, switch element S5, S6 to Fig. 1 provide Continuity signal, make switch element Q5, Q6 oppositely, i.e. one-way element D5, D6 forward conduction.When the voltage drop of switch element Q5, Q6 when reverse direction current flow is less than the forward voltage as the voltage drop of reverse one-way element D5, D6 during electric current forward flow, the conduction losses of one-way element D5, D6 can be reduced further.Equally, when use comprises switch element S7, S8 of one-way element D7, D8 or switch element S7, the S8 in parallel with one-way element D7, D8, also can make switch element Q7, Q8 reverse-conducting, thus reduce the conduction losses of one-way element D7, D8 further.In addition, when above-mentioned converter is only when making to use in the action of the voltage exported between the 3rd terminal T3 and the 4th terminal T4 lower than the output voltage obtained by the action making switch element S5, S6 conducting of second circuit 2 disconnect, as long as second circuit 2 at least has one-way element D5 ~ D8 as the action of full-bridge type rectification circuit or the switch element that makes electric current flow to the direction identical with the forward of one-way element D5 ~ D8.

Converter of the present invention uses the inductance be connected with primary coil or the second coil side of transformer, by realizing the action making the switching means conductive of second circuit disconnect and the action bridge-type connecting circuit of second circuit being played function as full-bridge type rectification circuit, can corresponding input and output voltage electric current on a large scale.In addition, the switching losses produced when switch element being disconnected under the state that can be reduced in current flowing, and a switching losses produced when disconnecting afterwards in the switch element of the first circuit made in groups can be reduced.In addition, by realizing zero voltage switch, can realize reducing switching losses.

(the second execution mode)

Figure 11 represents the electrical circuit diagram of the reversible transducer of second embodiment of the invention.In the reversible transducer of second embodiment of the invention, the inscape identical with the Reference numeral of the converter of the first execution mode represents identical inscape.At this, mainly the formation different from the converter of the first execution mode and action are described.

In the reversible transducer of the second execution mode, in order to carry out bidirectional-movement, second circuit is the formation same with the first circuit.Therefore, Tu11Zhong, second circuit 22 is formed by the circuit of switch element as the upper underarm in two regions.In addition, drive singal is provided at this control circuit 23 to switch element S7, S8 of second circuit 22.In addition, the first area 12 of the first circuit 1, second area 13 are identical with the formation shown in the Fig. 1 recorded in the first execution mode with the 3rd region 14 of second circuit 22.In addition, same with Fig. 1, in fig. 11, inductance L is connected with primary coil 11a side, but also can be connected with secondary coil 11b side.

In first circuit 1 in switch element S1, S4 of the first circuit 1 in groups and switch element S2, S3, switch element S3, S4 series connection of the upper underarm of the upper underarm in the region first disconnected, in this case first area 12.Switch element S3, S4 of the first circuit 1 first disconnected are in parallel with first, second capacitor Ca, Cb respectively.

As shown in figure 11, the 3rd region 24 of second circuit 22, the 4th region 25 are connected in parallel between the 3rd terminal T3 and the 4th terminal T4 respectively.3rd region 24, the 4th region 25 become the circuit of the full-bridge type connection be made up of switch element S5 ~ S8.In addition, switch element S5 ~ S8 is parallel with switch element Q5 ~ Q8, one-way element D5 ~ D8 and shunt capacitor C5 ~ C8 respectively.In addition, same with the first execution mode, as shown in figure 11, one-way element D5 ~ D8 can use the diode-built-in of the switch element S5 ~ S8 of second circuit 22, also can use the diode of the independent peripheral hardware of switch element S5 ~ S8 relative to second circuit 22, can also be their combination.Equally, as shown in figure 11, shunt capacitor C5 ~ C8 can use the parasitic capacitance of the switch element S5 ~ S8 of second circuit 22, and also can use the capacitor of the independent peripheral hardware of switch element S5 ~ S8 relative to second circuit 22, can also be their combination.

When providing electric power to the first circuit 1 side from second circuit 22, in second circuit 22 in switch element S5, S8 in groups and switch element S6, S7, the upper underarm in the region first disconnected, be switch element S5, S6 series connection of upper underarm in the 3rd region 24 herein.Switch element S5, S6 of first disconnecting are in parallel with the 3rd, the 4th capacitor Cc, Cd respectively.

When providing electric power to second circuit 22 side from the first circuit 1, carry out the action same with the record in above-mentioned execution mode 1.In addition, when providing electric power to the first circuit 1 side from second circuit 22, control circuit 23 to make in second circuit 22 switch element S5, the S6 being parallel with the 3rd, the 4th capacitor Cc, Cd in switch element S5, S8 in groups and switch element S6, S7 respectively first disconnect.

When providing electric power to second circuit 22 side from the first circuit 1, when making to disconnect as the switching means conductive of the second circuit 2 of outlet side, same with the first execution mode, control circuit 23 makes switch element S5, S6 conducting being parallel with the 3rd, the 4th capacitor Cc, Cd of second circuit 22 disconnect.In addition, when providing electric power to the first circuit 1 side from second circuit 22, when making the switching means conductive of the first circuit 1 becoming outlet side disconnect, control circuit 23 makes switch element S3, S4 conducting of the first circuit 1 being parallel with first, second capacitor Ca, Cb in the first circuit 1 respectively disconnect.In addition, when carrying out the action making the voltage of outlet side lower than the output voltage obtained by the action making the switching means conductive of second circuit or the first circuit disconnect, as recording in the first execution mode, the switch element S5 ~ S8 of the second circuit 22 of outlet side or the switch element S1 ~ S4 of the first circuit 1 plays function as rectification circuit.

In addition, when carrying out making the second circuit 22 of outlet side or the first circuit 1 play the action of function as rectification circuit, even if modulate the pulse amplitude of the switch element of the first circuit 1 or second circuit 22 and frequency, but when still keeping off desired value from the detected value of the voltage exported between the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 or between the first terminal T1, the second terminal T2, the action that the switching means conductive that control circuit 23 switches to second circuit 22 or the first circuit 1 making outlet side disconnects.

Specifically, when providing electric power to second circuit 22 side from the first circuit 1, control circuit 3 carries out Pulse Width Control to the switch element S4 of the first circuit 1 or switch element S3, to make during switch element S1, S4 of the first circuit in groups or switch element S2, S4 are in conducting state from the energy of the first terminal T1 and the input of the second terminal T2 side by inductance L to the 3rd terminal T3 and the supply of the 4th terminal T4 side.Now, switch element S5, S6 not forward conduction of second circuit 2 is made.From above-mentioned state, make switch element S5 or the switch element S6 forward conduction of the second circuit 2 being parallel with the 3rd capacitor Cc or the 4th capacitor Cd, to make during switch element S1, S4 of the first circuit in groups or switch element S2, S4 are in conducting state from the energy deposition of the first terminal T1 and the input of the second terminal T2 side inductance L.Afterwards, the action before the switch element S4 or switch element S3 disconnection of the first circuit 1 making first to disconnect, the switch element S6 of the second circuit 2 of forward conduction or switch element S5 being disconnected is switched to.

On the contrary, when carrying out the action making the second circuit 22 of outlet side or the switching means conductive of the first circuit 1 disconnect, even if modulate the pulse amplitude of the switch element of second circuit 22 or the first circuit 1 and frequency, but when still keeping off desired value from the detected value of the voltage exported between the 3rd terminal T3, the 4th terminal T4 or between the first terminal T1, the second terminal T2, control circuit 23 switches to the second circuit 22 that makes outlet side or the first circuit 1 plays the action of function as rectification circuit.

Specifically, when providing electric power to second circuit 22 side from the first circuit 1, control circuit 3 makes switch element S5 or the switch element S6 forward conduction of the second circuit 2 being parallel with the 3rd capacitor Cc or the 4th capacitor Cd, to make during switch element S1, S4 of the first circuit 1 in groups or switch element S2, S4 are in conducting state from the energy deposition of the first terminal T1 and the input of the second terminal T2 side inductance L.Now, carry out the switch element S6 of second circuit 22 or the Pulse Width Control of switch element S5, before the switch element S4 or switch element S3 disconnection of the first circuit 1 making first to disconnect, the switch element S6 of the second circuit 22 of forward conduction or switch element S5 is disconnected.Then, the action of the switch element not forward conduction making second circuit 2 is switched to, to make during switch element S1, S4 of the first circuit 1 in groups or switch element S2, S4 are in conducting state from the energy of the first terminal T1 and the input of the second terminal T2 side by inductance L to the 3rd terminal T3 and the supply of the 4th terminal T4 side from above-mentioned action.

Switching action in the above described manner, carries out the Pulse Width Control of switch element of the first circuit, second circuit, make between the 3rd, the 4th terminal or the detected value of the voltage exported between first, second terminal close to desired value.By switching above-mentioned two actions, have nothing to do with the circuit constant such as the number of turns ratio of transformer and loading condition, can corresponding input and output voltage electric current on a large scale.

As mentioned above, in the present invention, in the switch element in groups of first or second circuit of input side, the capacity of the capacitor in parallel with the switch element first disconnected is greater than the capacity of the capacitor in parallel with the switch element of rear disconnection.Equally, conducting disconnect the second circuit of outlet side or the switch element of the first circuit be also parallel with capacitor.Thus, can reduce the switch element of the first circuit, second circuit switching means conductive time, disconnect time produce switching losses.

In addition, in order to switch element S1, S2 of the first circuit 1 or switch element S7, S8 of second circuit 22 of making rear disconnection realize zero voltage switch, such as, when making the switch element S7 of the switch element S1 of the first circuit 1 or second circuit 22 disconnect, need to provide Continuity signal to switch element Q2 or switch element Q8 afterwards what drop to zero with the both end voltage of its switch element S2 of the first circuit 1 or the switch element S8 of second circuit 22 being in another arm in identical region.Utilize the flowing of above-mentioned exciting current to carry out discharging action, and be discharged to the above-mentioned switch element S2 of the first circuit 1 or the both end voltage of the switch element S8 of second circuit 22, the i.e. voltage of capacitor C2 or capacitor C8 reach till zero.

Thus, in order to the zero voltage switch of the switch element S2 of the first circuit 1 or the switch element S8 of second circuit 22 that realize rear disconnection, first need that exciting current is become and the both end voltage of the switch element S2 of the first circuit 1 or the switch element S8 of second circuit 22 can be made to drop to the size of zero.In addition, Td during needing setting that switch element S1, S2 of the first circuit 1 or switch element S7, S8 of second circuit 22 are disconnected jointly, enables the both end voltage of the switch element S2 of the first circuit 1 or the switch element S8 of second circuit 22 utilize exciting current to drop to zero.When the switch element S1 of the first circuit 1 of rear disconnection, the switch element S7 of second circuit 2 realize zero voltage switch too.Need to arrange exciting current and the Td during switch element S1, S2 of the first circuit 1 or switch element S7, S8 of second circuit 22 are disconnected jointly that the both end voltage of the switch element S1 of the first circuit 1 or the switch element S8 of second circuit 22 can be made to drop to the size of zero.

In addition, if Td is set as larger value during jointly disconnecting making switch element S1, S2 of the first circuit 1, then drop to after zero in the both end voltage of switch element S1 or switch element S2, voltage rises again, and namely capacitor C1 or capacitor C2 is charged after being discharged to zero.Therefore, switch element S1, S2 jointly disconnect during the Td both end voltage that is preferably switch element S1 or switch element S2 drop to degree during zero.Switch element S7, S8 of second circuit 22 are too.In addition, shunt capacitor C1, C2 of the capacity of the capacitor in parallel with switch element Q1, Q2 of rear disconnection become the less capability value such as built-in parasitic capacitance of switch element S1, S2 of the first circuit 1, therefore there is deviation according to parts.Therefore, can be in parallel with the capacitor arranged separately by parasitic capacitance built-in for switch element S1, S2 of the first circuit 1, using combined capacity as above-mentioned shunt capacitor C1, C2.Shunt capacitor C7, C8 of second circuit 22 are too.

In above-mentioned explanation of the present invention, in order to the size making exciting current become suitable, the inductance composition arranged with primary coil or the parallel connection of secondary windings of transformer 11 is also contained in the magnetizing inductance of above-mentioned transformer.In addition, in the above description, the combination inductance formed by the magnetizing inductance of transformer 11 and the inductance composition that is arranged in parallel with it is utilized and the electric current flowed is also contained in above-mentioned exciting current.The magnetizing inductance of transformer such as can utilize the number of turns of the spacing of magnetic core, coil in the structure of transformer, the material etc. of magnetic core adjusts.

In first, second execution mode above-mentioned, control circuit 3,23 makes the magnitude of voltage detected by the output voltage checkout gear 19 of output voltage checkout gear 18, first circuit of second circuit close to desired value, but the detected value used is except being output current value or output power, can also be their combination.Equally, the detected value of the voltage of input side, electric current or electric power also can be made close to desired value.In addition, in general, as the detected value of electric power, the calculated value voltage and current detected being carried out to multiplication calculating is used.In the detected value of the voltage of the detected value of the voltage of above-mentioned output, electric current or electric power or input, electric current or electric power, comprise the multiplication and division of a certain coefficient of above-mentioned value multiplication and division to be calculated or carries out adding and subtracting with a certain value to calculate etc. and calculate and the value that obtains.

The inductance that use of the present invention is connected with primary coil or the second coil side of transformer, by realizing making the action of the switching means conductive disconnection of the second circuit of outlet side or the first circuit and the second circuit of outlet side or the first circuit being played the action of function as rectification circuit, can corresponding input and output voltage electric current on a large scale.In addition, the switching losses produced when switch element being disconnected under the state that can be reduced in current flowing, and a switching losses produced when disconnecting afterwards in the switch element of the first circuit made in groups can be reduced.In addition, by realizing zero voltage switch, can realize reducing switching losses.

In electric circuit of the present invention, tie point refers to electrical connection and becomes idiostatic position, does not refer to physical point of attachment.In addition, the formation, structure, quantity, configuration, shape, material etc. of each several part in converter of the present invention and reversible transducer are not limited to above-mentioned object lesson, those skilled in the art can carry out suitable selection, as long as comprise aim of the present invention, just within the scope of the present invention.

More particularly, such as, the illustrational element of Reference numeral etc. is utilized to be not limited to above-mentioned specific electric component as semiconductor element, can form to comprise and have the single electric component of same function or effect or the electric circuit of multiple electric component, above-mentioned distortion all within the scope of the present invention.Equally, the quantity of each circuit element being representative with diode, capacitor, switch element and configuration relation etc., the content that those skilled in the art have carried out suitable design alteration is also contained in scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a converter, is characterized in that comprising:

Transformer, has primary coil and secondary coil;

First circuit, be connected with described primary side, and have: first area and second area, be connected in parallel between the first terminal and the second terminal respectively, and using switch element as upper underarm, described switch element has the switch element being parallel with anti-parallel diodes and shunt capacitor respectively; First capacitor, in parallel with described first area or a switch element of upper underarm of second area or a switch element of the upper arm of described first area and second area or underarm; And second capacitor, in parallel with described first area or another switch element of upper underarm of second area or another switch element of the upper arm of described first area and second area or underarm;

Second circuit, be connected with described second coil side, and have: bridge-type connecting circuit, in the one-way element that bridge-type connects, have at least two described one-way elements to be parallel with switch element respectively, described switch element comprises the switch element being parallel with shunt capacitor respectively; And the 3rd capacitor and the 4th capacitor, in parallel with two described switch elements at least respectively;

Inductance, connected by described primary coil between the tie point of the tie point of the upper underarm in described first area and the upper underarm of described second area, or connected by described secondary coil between another tie point of same polarity series connection between the tie point of same polarity series connection between described one-way element in described bridge-type connecting circuit and described one-way element; And

Control circuit, make the switch element alternate conduction disconnection in groups of the underarm of the switch element of the upper arm of described first area or second area and described second area or first area, will from described first, the direct current of the second terminals side input is converted to and exchanges and export from described first circuit, when the control that switch element alternate conduction in groups described in making disconnects, the described switch element being parallel with described first capacitor or described second capacitor in the described described first area in groups making to be in conducting state or the switch element of upper arm of second area and the switch element of the underarm of described second area or first area first disconnects.

2. converter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described control circuit is during the switch element of described the first circuit is in groups in conducting state, to make from described first, the mode of energy deposition in described inductance of the second terminals side input, make the described switch element forward conduction being parallel with described 3rd capacitor or the 4th capacitor, and before the switch element disconnection making described the first circuit first disconnected, the switch element of the second circuit of described forward conduction is disconnected, thus make from the described 3rd, the voltage exported between 4th terminal, the detected value of electric current or electric power or from described first, the voltage inputted between second terminal, the detected value of electric current or electric power is close to desired value.

3. converter according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described control circuit is during the switch element of described the first circuit is in groups in conducting state, to make from described first, the energy of the second terminals side input passes through described inductance to the described 3rd, the mode of the 4th terminals side supply, make the switch element not forward conduction of described second circuit, thus make from the described 3rd, the voltage exported between 4th terminal, the detected value of electric current or electric power or from described first, the voltage inputted between second terminal, the detected value of electric current or electric power is close to desired value.

4. converter as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described control circuit is from following action: during the switch element of described the first circuit is in groups in conducting state, to make from described first, the energy of the second terminals side input passes through described inductance to the described 3rd, the mode of the 4th terminals side supply, Pulse Width Control is carried out to the switch element of described first circuit, and make the switch element not forward conduction of described second circuit, switch to following action: during the switch element of described the first circuit is in groups in conducting state, to make from described first, the mode of energy deposition in described inductance of the second terminals side input, make the switch element forward conduction of the described second circuit being parallel with described 3rd capacitor or the 4th capacitor, and before the switch element disconnection making described the first circuit first disconnected, the switch element of the second circuit of described forward conduction is disconnected, thus make from the described 3rd, the voltage exported between 4th terminal, the detected value of electric current or electric power or from described first, the voltage inputted between second terminal, the detected value of electric current or electric power is close to desired value.

5. converter as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described control circuit is from following action: during the switch element of described the first circuit is in groups in conducting state, to make from described first, the mode of energy deposition in described inductance of the second terminals side input, make the switch element forward conduction of the described second circuit being parallel with described 3rd capacitor or the 4th capacitor, and before the switch element disconnection making described the first circuit first disconnected, carry out the Pulse Width Control of the switch element of the described second circuit that the switch element of the second circuit of described forward conduction is disconnected, switch to following action: during the switch element of described the first circuit is in groups in conducting state, to make from described first, the energy of the second terminals side input passes through described inductance to the described 3rd, the mode of the 4th terminals side supply, make the switch element not forward conduction of described second circuit, thus make from the described 3rd, the voltage exported between 4th terminal, the detected value of electric current or electric power or from described first, the voltage inputted between second terminal, the detected value of electric current or electric power is close to desired value.

6. converter as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that,

The described shunt capacitor in parallel with the switch element of the switch element of described first circuit first disconnected in the switch element of described first circuit in groups and the joint capacity of described first capacitor or the second capacitor, be greater than the capacity of the described shunt capacitor in parallel with the switch element of the switch element of described first circuit of rear disconnection

Described transformer has magnetizing inductance, described magnetizing inductance makes to flow to the exciting current of the size that the electric charge of described shunt capacitor discharges, drop near zero with the both end voltage of the switch element making to be positioned at another upper arm of same area or the switch element of underarm with the switch element of the switch element of described first circuit of rear disconnection described shunt capacitor in parallel

Described control circuit arranges following period: until drop near zero with the both end voltage that the switch element of the switch element of described first circuit of rear disconnection is positioned at the switch element of another upper arm of same area or the switch element of underarm described shunt capacitor in parallel because of described exciting current, during the switch element of the switch element of the switch element making the switch element of the first circuit of described rear disconnection and another upper arm being positioned at same area with it or underarm disconnects jointly.

7. converter as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, is characterized in that,

The described anti-parallel diodes in parallel with the switch element of the described switch element of described first circuit be the switch element of described first circuit diode-built-in, relative to the diode of the independent peripheral hardware of switch element of described first circuit or their combination, the described shunt capacitor in parallel with the switch element of the described switch element of described first circuit be the switch element of described first circuit parasitic capacitance, relative to the capacitor of the independent peripheral hardware of switch element of described first circuit or their combination

The described one-way element in parallel with the switch element of the described switch element of described second circuit be the switch element of described second circuit diode-built-in, relative to the diode of the independent peripheral hardware of the switch element of described second circuit or their combination, the shunt capacitor in parallel with the switch element of the described switch element of described second circuit be the parasitic capacitance of the switch element of described second circuit, relative to the capacitor of the independent peripheral hardware of the switch element of described second circuit or their combination.

8. a reversible transducer, is characterized in that, has the converter in claim 1 to 7 described in any one,

As the described first area of described first circuit or the upper underarm of second area, the switch element being parallel with described first circuit of described first capacitor is connected with the switch element of described first circuit being parallel with described second capacitor,

The described bridge-type connecting circuit of described second circuit is made up of the 3rd region be connected in parallel on respectively between the 3rd terminal and the 4th terminal and the 4th region, described 3rd region and the 4th region using the switch element of described second circuit as upper underarm, the switch element of described second circuit has the described switch element being parallel with described one-way element and described shunt capacitor respectively, as underarm on described 3rd region or four-range, the switch element being parallel with the described second circuit of described 3rd capacitor is connected with the switch element of the described second circuit being parallel with described 4th capacitor,

Described control circuit makes the switch element alternate conduction disconnection in groups of the second circuit of the switch element of the second circuit of described 3rd region or four-range upper arm and the underarm in described 4th region or the 3rd region, will from the described 3rd, the direct current of the 4th terminals side input is converted to and exchanges and export from described second circuit, when the control that the switch element alternate conduction of second circuit in groups described in making disconnects, in described described 3rd region in groups making to be in conducting state or the switch element of the switch element of second circuit of four-range upper arm and the second circuit of the underarm in described 4th region or the 3rd region, the switch element being parallel with the described second circuit of described 3rd capacitor or described 4th capacitor first disconnects.