CN104697736B - Consider the anchor pole shock resistance test system and its application process of the interaction of supporting country rock - Google Patents
Consider the anchor pole shock resistance test system and its application process of the interaction of supporting country rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN104697736B CN104697736B CN201510052234.5A CN201510052234A CN104697736B CN 104697736 B CN104697736 B CN 104697736B CN 201510052234 A CN201510052234 A CN 201510052234A CN 104697736 B CN104697736 B CN 104697736B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of anchor pole shock resistance test system and its application process for considering the interaction of supporting country rock, characterized in that, including main machine frame structure, country rock analogue means, anchor pole test specimen, sample conveying device, sample lifting assembly, hammer body component, carrying hammer device, electric control system, buffer unit, protector, impact load measuring system and position measuring system;The plate cracking phenomenon that country rock is produced when country rock analogue means of the present invention can occur rock burst with model engineering scene, impact load is applied by hammer body component and can simulate the phenomenon that country rock is outwards produced suddenly, make anchor pole produce the stress and strain concentration phenomenon similar to scene by the separation of steel pipe on the upside of country rock analogue means and downside steel pipe.This test system can really reflect the interaction process of country rock and anchor pole under Impact Load, the shock resistance actual so as to measure anchor pole, and true reflection anchor pole is to the reinforcement effect with rock burst tendency country rock.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to research of the anchor pole in engineering site shock resistance, more particularly to Practical Project consider supporting knot
Anchor pole shock resistance test system and its application process that structure and country rock interact.
Background technology
In recent years, China deep underground engineering construction obtains deep development, while also encountering the ground for becoming increasingly complex
Matter condition.The destructive strong engineering project disaster such as the heavily stressed rock burst for causing and bump is increasingly severe, in this condition
The shock resistance of the anchor pole of lower application is the key of anchoring support effect.
As shown in Figure 1, the generating process of rock burst refers to surrounding rock of chamber under high stress, produces plate cracking first existing
As(Crack is produced), afterwards with the further accumulation of energy, the phenomenon that part country rock is outwards produced suddenly.In this process
In, anchor pole is highly vulnerable to breakage, and its reason is not only in that rock burst discharges higher energy, forms strong impact, it is often more important that
Stress and strain concentration is caused in anchor pole.
As shown in Figure 2.As anchor surface is coarse and combines closely with Anchor Agent, cause what wall-rock crack opened in rock burst
In the case of, anchor pole near crack is only had the very short body of rod and is separated with Anchor Agent.When rock burst occurs, portion only detached with country rock
Point body of rod can tension elongation, so as to absorb the energy for producing sillar, the part that anchor pole is combined closely with country rock can not then extend
And energy absorption.Therefore, the actual impact resistance of anchor pole only includes the crack institute of deformable segment body of rod tension elongation nearby energy
The energy of absorption.
In order to test the shock resistance of anchor pole, needs can simulate the test device of above-mentioned breakoff phenomenon and process.It is existing
Some laboratory instrumentations include Chinese patent 201110387388.1,2,012,100,934,515 two kind.Both test devices
All it is that anchor pole one end is fixed, impact load, so actually measured anchor pole impact resistance is directly applied to the other end of anchor pole
Can include that anchor pole whole length tension extends absorbed energy, testing the result for obtaining has larger difference with anchor pole site attribute
Not.The interaction that current experimental provision truly can not reflect between anchor pole-country rock, i.e., the impact load that anchor pole bears with it is existing
Field actual conditions are inconsistent, and can not be reflected directly in reinforcement effect of the Impact Load lower bolt to country rock.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind can reflect engineering site anchor pole
With the anchor pole shock resistance test system of the interaction of country rock.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of anchor pole shock resistance test system for considering interaction between support-surrounding rock, it is characterised in that including main machine frame
Structure, country rock analogue means, anchor pole test specimen, sample conveying device, sample lifting assembly, hammer body component, carry hammer device, electrical control system
System, buffer unit, protector, impact load measuring system and position measuring system;
Described main machine frame structure, including base plate, top board, support post, be oriented to polished rod and crossbeam, support post totally four
Root, connects to improve the stability of main machine frame structure between adjacent supports column by crossbeam, is oriented to polished rod and has two, appoints
The upper/lower terminal of meaning one is connected with top board and base plate respectively;
Described country rock analogue means, including upside steel pipe, downside steel pipe, hook and impact disc;Upside steel pipe and downside
Steel pipe is connected by boss, can be prevented both axis deviations, can be allow again easily to depart from during both under tensions, is linked up with
Lower end by screw thread and upside fastener for connection, the upper end of hook can be hung on specimen holder;Impact disc is fixed on downside steel
Impulsive force for bearing the impact of hammer body component, and is passed to downside steel pipe by the outside of pipe;
Described anchor pole test specimen, including the body of rod, pallet and nut, the body of rod are arranged on the upside steel of above-mentioned country rock analogue means
In pipe and downside steel pipe, fixed by mortar or resin anchoring agent, pallet is contacted with the low side of downside steel pipe, nut is used to fix
Pallet;
Described sample conveying device, including fixing component, in front and back left and right rail, guide rail, sample grapple, grapple handwheel, it is described
Fixing component for sample conveying device to be fixed on the support post of main machine frame structure, by grapple handwheel can control examination
Sample grapple is grabbed, puts sample;
Described sample lifting assembly, including Power Component one, threaded rod, specimen holder, Power Component one can be controlled
Threaded rod moves up and down, and is threaded connection on the downside of specimen holder and threaded rod;Country rock simulation can be filled by sample lifting assembly
The upside steel pipe put is fixed on the height of any setting;
Described hammer body component, including tup, tup seat, main ram body, weights, counterweight lock sleeve, counterweight check lock lever,
Penetrating up and down two are reserved with main ram body and are oriented to light rod aperture and country rock analogue means hole, overall edge during hammer body component operation
It is oriented to polished rod to fall, impact load is applied to the impact disc of country rock analogue means;
Described carries hammer device, including Power Component two, and electromagnet haulage gear grabs hammer self-locking mechanism, dynamic and static pulley
Group, carries hammer chain;For picking up or discharging hammer body, and hammer body component is lifted into setting height;
Described electric control system, comprising touch-screen, PLC, main command control button, servo controller, safe spacing
Switch, the normal instructions for manipulating whole testing machine run;
Described buffer unit, using hydraulic cushion oil cylinder, on the base plate of main machine frame structure, is rushed in anchor pole
Produce after hitting it is disrumpent feelings in the case of, absorb hammer body component impact energy, prevent hammer body component from directly impacting main machine frame structure
Base plate;
Described protector, prevents comprising acoustooptic alarm system, maintenance safety climbing ladder, lower safty shield, upper safety
Protecting wire net, safety door, for the personal safety of protection equipment operator, maintain the operation safety of whole machine;
Described impact load measuring system, including pressure sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, pressure sensor are installed
Between tup and tup seat, for the impact load that test specimen in measurement experimentation in real time is subject to;
Described position measuring system, including non-touch position sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, non-contacting position are passed
Sensor is used for the position of hammer body component in measurement experimentation in real time, and then is calculated its speed and acceleration.
The present invention test method be:
1)First by the upside steel pipe of country rock analogue means and the docking of downside steel pipe, mounting hook and impact disc;Then exist
Upside steel pipe and downside steel pipe fill concrete are used to simulate country rock, the heart drilling wherein after concrete setting;Then pass through
The body of rod of anchor pole is fixed in the borehole by mortar or resin anchoring agent;Pallet and nut are finally installed;
2)The weight of hammer body component is set and weights are fixed, is lifted by carrying hammer device and Power Component
Country rock analogue means is held up by sample conveying device, is linked up with the specimen holder for being fixed on sample lifting assembly by certain altitude
On, and then adjusting sample is to experimental design height;
3)Hammer body component is discharged by carrying hammer device, on the downside of hammer body component freely falling body impact country rock analogue means on steel pipe
Impact disc, as lower end and the downside steel pipe of anchor pole are bondd by Anchor Agent, while the also stop of pallet and nut, impacts
Load is delivered to anchor pole test specimen by downside steel pipe, so as to apply impact load to anchor pole test specimen;
4)In above-mentioned experimentation, by rushing that impact load measuring system measures that test specimen in experimentation is subject in real time
Hit load;The position of hammer body component is measured in real time by position measuring system, and then is calculated the speed and acceleration of hammer body
Data;After the completion of experiment, lift hammer body component, unload country rock analogue means, the destruction situation of record analysis test specimen.
The present invention principle be:
The plate cracking phenomenon that country rock is produced when the country rock analogue means of the present invention can occur rock burst with model engineering scene, leads to
Cross hammer body component applying impact load and can simulate the phenomenon that country rock is outwards produced suddenly, by steel pipe on the upside of country rock analogue means
Separation with downside steel pipe makes anchor pole produce the stress and strain concentration phenomenon similar to scene.This test system can be real
The reflection interaction process of country rock and anchor pole under Impact Load, the shock resistance actual so as to measure anchor pole, very
Real reflection anchor pole is to the reinforcement effect with rock burst tendency country rock.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is rock burst principle schematic;
Fig. 2 is bolt deformation analysis chart when rock burst occurs;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the anchor pole shock resistance test system that the present invention considers interaction between support-surrounding rock.
Legend:The base plate 101 of main machine frame structure, top board 102, support post 103, guiding polished rod 104;Country rock simulation dress
The upside steel pipe 201 put, downside steel pipe 202, impact disc 203;The body of rod 301 of anchor pole test specimen, pallet 302;Sample lifting assembly
Power Component 1, threaded rod 402, specimen holder;Hammer body component 5;The Power Component 2 601, electromagnet for carrying hammer device leads
Draw mechanism 602;Buffer unit 7;The combination of the specimen holder of the hook and sample lifting assembly of country rock analogue means is expressed as 88.
Specific embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing 3, a kind of anchor pole shock resistance test system for considering interaction between support-surrounding rock, it is characterised in that bag
Include main machine frame structure, country rock analogue means, anchor pole test specimen, sample conveying device, sample lifting assembly, hammer body component 5, carry hammer dress
Put, electric control system, buffer unit, protector, impact load measuring system and position measuring system;
Described main machine frame structure, including base plate 101, top board 102, support post 103, guiding polished rod 104 and crossbeam,
Support post totally four, is connected to improve the stability of main machine frame structure between adjacent supports column by crossbeam, is oriented to light
Bar has two, and the upper/lower terminal of any one is connected with top board and base plate respectively;
Described country rock analogue means, including upside steel pipe 201, downside steel pipe 202, hook and impact disc;Upside steel pipe
It is connected by boss with downside steel pipe, both axis deviations can be prevented, can allows again easily to take off during both under tensions
From by screw thread and upside fastener for connection, the upper end of hook can be hung on specimen holder for the lower end of hook;Impact disc is fixed on
Impulsive force for bearing the impact of hammer body component, and is passed to downside steel pipe by the outside of downside steel pipe;
Described anchor pole test specimen, including the body of rod 301, pallet 302 and nut, the body of rod are arranged on above-mentioned country rock analogue means
In upside steel pipe and downside steel pipe, fixed by mortar or resin anchoring agent, pallet is contacted with the low side of downside steel pipe, nut is used
In fixed tray;
Described sample conveying device, including fixing component, in front and back left and right rail, guide rail, sample grapple, grapple handwheel, it is described
Fixing component for sample conveying device to be fixed on the support post of main machine frame structure, by grapple handwheel can control examination
Sample grapple is grabbed, puts sample;
Described sample lifting assembly, including Power Component 1, threaded rod 402, specimen holder, Power Component one can
Moved up and down with controlling threaded rod, be threaded connection on the downside of specimen holder and threaded rod;Sample lifting assembly can be by country rock
The upside steel pipe of analogue means is fixed on the height of any setting;
Described hammer body component 5, including tup, tup seat, main ram body, weights, counterweight lock sleeve, counterweight locking
Bar, is reserved with penetrating up and down two on main ram body and is oriented to light rod aperture and country rock analogue means hole, whole during hammer body component operation
Body falls along polished rod is oriented to, and applies impact load to the impact disc of country rock analogue means;
Described carries hammer device, including Power Component 2 601, and electromagnet haulage gear 602 grabs hammer self-locking mechanism, dynamic and static
Assembly pulley, carries hammer chain;For picking up or discharging hammer body, and hammer body component is lifted into setting height;
Described electric control system, comprising touch-screen, PLC, main command control button, servo controller, safe spacing
Switch, the normal instructions for manipulating whole testing machine run;
Described buffer unit 7, using hydraulic cushion oil cylinder, on the base plate of main machine frame structure, receives in anchor pole
Produce after impact it is disrumpent feelings in the case of, absorb hammer body component impact energy, prevent hammer body component from directly impacting main machine frame structure
Base plate;
Described protector, prevents comprising acoustooptic alarm system, maintenance safety climbing ladder, lower safty shield, upper safety
Protecting wire net, safety door, for the personal safety of protection equipment operator, maintain the operation safety of whole machine.
Described impact load measuring system, including pressure sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, pressure sensor are installed
Between tup and tup seat, for the impact load that test specimen in measurement experimentation in real time is subject to.
Described position measuring system, including non-touch position sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, non-contacting position are passed
Sensor is used for the position of hammer body component in measurement experimentation in real time, and then is calculated its speed and acceleration.
The present invention test method be:
1)First by the upside steel pipe of country rock analogue means and the docking of downside steel pipe, mounting hook and impact disc;Then exist
Upside steel pipe and downside steel pipe fill concrete are used to simulate country rock, the heart drilling wherein after concrete setting;Then pass through
The body of rod of anchor pole is fixed in the borehole by mortar or resin anchoring agent;Pallet and nut are finally installed;
2)The weight of hammer body component is set and weights are fixed, is lifted by carrying hammer device and Power Component
Country rock analogue means is held up by sample conveying device, is linked up with the specimen holder for being fixed on sample lifting assembly by certain altitude
On, and then adjusting sample is to experimental design height;
3)Hammer body component is discharged by carrying hammer device, on the downside of hammer body component freely falling body impact country rock analogue means on steel pipe
Impact disc, as lower end and the downside steel pipe of anchor pole are bondd by Anchor Agent, while the also stop of pallet and nut, impacts
Load is delivered to anchor pole test specimen by downside steel pipe, so as to apply impact load to anchor pole test specimen;
4)In above-mentioned experimentation, by rushing that impact load measuring system measures that test specimen in experimentation is subject in real time
Hit load;The position of hammer body component is measured in real time by position measuring system, and then is calculated the speed and acceleration of hammer body
Data;After the completion of experiment, lift hammer body component, unload country rock analogue means, the destruction situation of record analysis test specimen.
Embodiment described above, simply one kind of the present invention more preferably specific embodiment, those skilled in the art
The usual variations and alternatives that member is carried out in the range of technical solution of the present invention all should be comprising within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. it is a kind of consider interaction between support-surrounding rock anchor pole shock resistance test system, it is characterised in that including main machine frame tie
Structure, country rock analogue means, anchor pole test specimen, sample conveying device, sample lifting assembly, hammer body component, carry hammer device, electrical control system
System, buffer unit, protector, impact load measuring system and position measuring system;
Described main machine frame structure, including base plate, top board, support post, guiding polished rod and crossbeam, support post totally four,
Connect to improve the stability of main machine frame structure between adjacent supports column by crossbeam, be oriented to polished rod and have two, it is upper and lower
Two ends are connected with top board and base plate respectively;
Described country rock analogue means, including upside steel pipe, downside steel pipe, hook and impact disc;Upside steel pipe and downside steel pipe
It is connected by boss, both axis deviations can be prevented, can allow again easily to depart from during both under tensions, under hook
By screw thread and upside fastener for connection, the upper end of hook can be hung on specimen holder at end;Impact disc is fixed on downside steel pipe
Impulsive force for bearing the impact of hammer body component, and is passed to downside steel pipe by outside;
Described anchor pole test specimen, including the body of rod, pallet and nut, the body of rod be arranged on above-mentioned country rock analogue means upside steel pipe and
In the steel pipe of downside, fixed by mortar or resin anchoring agent, pallet is contacted with the bottom of downside steel pipe, nut is used for fixed support
Disk;
Described sample conveying device, including fixing component, in front and back left and right rail, guide rail, sample grapple, grapple handwheel, described consolidates
Component is determined for sample conveying device to be fixed on the support post of main machine frame structure, can be grabbed with Control Assay by grapple handwheel
Hook is grabbed, puts sample;
Described sample lifting assembly, including Power Component one, threaded rod, specimen holder, Power Component one can control screw thread
Bar moves up and down, and is threaded connection on the downside of specimen holder and threaded rod;Sample lifting assembly can be by country rock analogue means
Upside steel pipe is fixed on the height of any setting;
Described hammer body component, including tup, tup seat, main ram body, weights, counterweight lock sleeve, counterweight check lock lever, are leading
Penetrating up and down two are reserved with hammer body and are oriented to light rod aperture and country rock analogue means hole, it is overall along guiding during hammer body component operation
Polished rod falls, and applies impact load to the impact disc of country rock analogue means;
Described carries hammer device, including Power Component two, and electromagnet haulage gear grabs hammer self-locking mechanism, and dynamic and static assembly pulley is carried
Hammer chain;For picking up or discharging hammer body, and hammer body component is lifted into setting height;
Described electric control system, comprising touch-screen, PLC, main command control button, servo controller, safety limit switch,
Normal instructions for manipulating whole testing machine run;
Described buffer unit, using hydraulic cushion oil cylinder, on the base plate of main machine frame structure, after anchor pole is hit
In the case that generation is disrumpent feelings, hammer body component impact energy is absorbed, prevents hammer body component from directly impacting the base plate of main machine frame structure;
Described protector, comprising acoustooptic alarm system, maintenance safety climbing ladder, lower safty shield, upper safety guard net,
Safety door, for the personal safety of protection equipment operator, maintains the operation safety of whole machine;
Described impact load measuring system, including pressure sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, pressure sensor are arranged on hammer
Between head and tup seat, for the impact load that test specimen in measurement experimentation in real time is subject to;
Described position measuring system, including non-touch position sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, non-touch position sensor
For the position of hammer body component in measurement experimentation in real time, and then it is calculated its speed and acceleration.
2. the application side of a kind of anchor pole shock resistance test system for considering interaction between support-surrounding rock as claimed in claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) first by the upside steel pipe of country rock analogue means and the docking of downside steel pipe, mounting hook and impact disc;Then in upside
Steel pipe and downside steel pipe fill concrete are used to simulate country rock, the heart drilling wherein after concrete setting;Then pass through mortar
Or the body of rod of anchor pole is fixed in the borehole by resin anchoring agent;Pallet and nut are finally installed;
2) weight of hammer body component is set and weights are fixed, is lifted necessarily by carrying hammer device and Power Component
Highly, country rock analogue means is held up by sample conveying device, is linked up with and be fixed on the specimen holder of sample lifting assembly, entered
And adjusting sample is to experimental design height;
3) hammer body component is discharged by carrying hammer device, rushing on steel pipe on the downside of hammer body component freely falling body impact country rock analogue means
Disk is hit, as lower end and the downside steel pipe of anchor pole are bondd by Anchor Agent, while the also stop of pallet and nut, impact load
Anchor pole test specimen is delivered to by downside steel pipe, so as to apply impact load to anchor pole test specimen;
4) in above-mentioned experimentation, the impact lotus that test specimen is subject in experimentation is measured in real time by impact load measuring system
Carry;The position of hammer body component is measured in real time by position measuring system, and then is calculated the speed and acceleration information of hammer body;
After the completion of experiment, lift hammer body component, unload country rock analogue means, the destruction situation of record analysis test specimen.
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