CN104697736B - Consider the anchor pole shock resistance test system and its application process of the interaction of supporting country rock - Google Patents

Consider the anchor pole shock resistance test system and its application process of the interaction of supporting country rock Download PDF

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CN104697736B
CN104697736B CN201510052234.5A CN201510052234A CN104697736B CN 104697736 B CN104697736 B CN 104697736B CN 201510052234 A CN201510052234 A CN 201510052234A CN 104697736 B CN104697736 B CN 104697736B
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country rock
steel pipe
anchor pole
hammer body
hammer
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CN104697736A (en
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王刚
吴学震
蒋宇静
乔卫国
杨为民
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of anchor pole shock resistance test system and its application process for considering the interaction of supporting country rock, characterized in that, including main machine frame structure, country rock analogue means, anchor pole test specimen, sample conveying device, sample lifting assembly, hammer body component, carrying hammer device, electric control system, buffer unit, protector, impact load measuring system and position measuring system;The plate cracking phenomenon that country rock is produced when country rock analogue means of the present invention can occur rock burst with model engineering scene, impact load is applied by hammer body component and can simulate the phenomenon that country rock is outwards produced suddenly, make anchor pole produce the stress and strain concentration phenomenon similar to scene by the separation of steel pipe on the upside of country rock analogue means and downside steel pipe.This test system can really reflect the interaction process of country rock and anchor pole under Impact Load, the shock resistance actual so as to measure anchor pole, and true reflection anchor pole is to the reinforcement effect with rock burst tendency country rock.

Description

Consider anchor pole shock resistance test system and its application of interaction between support-surrounding rock Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to research of the anchor pole in engineering site shock resistance, more particularly to Practical Project consider supporting knot Anchor pole shock resistance test system and its application process that structure and country rock interact.
Background technology
In recent years, China deep underground engineering construction obtains deep development, while also encountering the ground for becoming increasingly complex Matter condition.The destructive strong engineering project disaster such as the heavily stressed rock burst for causing and bump is increasingly severe, in this condition The shock resistance of the anchor pole of lower application is the key of anchoring support effect.
As shown in Figure 1, the generating process of rock burst refers to surrounding rock of chamber under high stress, produces plate cracking first existing As(Crack is produced), afterwards with the further accumulation of energy, the phenomenon that part country rock is outwards produced suddenly.In this process In, anchor pole is highly vulnerable to breakage, and its reason is not only in that rock burst discharges higher energy, forms strong impact, it is often more important that Stress and strain concentration is caused in anchor pole.
As shown in Figure 2.As anchor surface is coarse and combines closely with Anchor Agent, cause what wall-rock crack opened in rock burst In the case of, anchor pole near crack is only had the very short body of rod and is separated with Anchor Agent.When rock burst occurs, portion only detached with country rock Point body of rod can tension elongation, so as to absorb the energy for producing sillar, the part that anchor pole is combined closely with country rock can not then extend And energy absorption.Therefore, the actual impact resistance of anchor pole only includes the crack institute of deformable segment body of rod tension elongation nearby energy The energy of absorption.
In order to test the shock resistance of anchor pole, needs can simulate the test device of above-mentioned breakoff phenomenon and process.It is existing Some laboratory instrumentations include Chinese patent 201110387388.1,2,012,100,934,515 two kind.Both test devices All it is that anchor pole one end is fixed, impact load, so actually measured anchor pole impact resistance is directly applied to the other end of anchor pole Can include that anchor pole whole length tension extends absorbed energy, testing the result for obtaining has larger difference with anchor pole site attribute Not.The interaction that current experimental provision truly can not reflect between anchor pole-country rock, i.e., the impact load that anchor pole bears with it is existing Field actual conditions are inconsistent, and can not be reflected directly in reinforcement effect of the Impact Load lower bolt to country rock.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind can reflect engineering site anchor pole With the anchor pole shock resistance test system of the interaction of country rock.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of anchor pole shock resistance test system for considering interaction between support-surrounding rock, it is characterised in that including main machine frame Structure, country rock analogue means, anchor pole test specimen, sample conveying device, sample lifting assembly, hammer body component, carry hammer device, electrical control system System, buffer unit, protector, impact load measuring system and position measuring system;
Described main machine frame structure, including base plate, top board, support post, be oriented to polished rod and crossbeam, support post totally four Root, connects to improve the stability of main machine frame structure between adjacent supports column by crossbeam, is oriented to polished rod and has two, appoints The upper/lower terminal of meaning one is connected with top board and base plate respectively;
Described country rock analogue means, including upside steel pipe, downside steel pipe, hook and impact disc;Upside steel pipe and downside Steel pipe is connected by boss, can be prevented both axis deviations, can be allow again easily to depart from during both under tensions, is linked up with Lower end by screw thread and upside fastener for connection, the upper end of hook can be hung on specimen holder;Impact disc is fixed on downside steel Impulsive force for bearing the impact of hammer body component, and is passed to downside steel pipe by the outside of pipe;
Described anchor pole test specimen, including the body of rod, pallet and nut, the body of rod are arranged on the upside steel of above-mentioned country rock analogue means In pipe and downside steel pipe, fixed by mortar or resin anchoring agent, pallet is contacted with the low side of downside steel pipe, nut is used to fix Pallet;
Described sample conveying device, including fixing component, in front and back left and right rail, guide rail, sample grapple, grapple handwheel, it is described Fixing component for sample conveying device to be fixed on the support post of main machine frame structure, by grapple handwheel can control examination Sample grapple is grabbed, puts sample;
Described sample lifting assembly, including Power Component one, threaded rod, specimen holder, Power Component one can be controlled Threaded rod moves up and down, and is threaded connection on the downside of specimen holder and threaded rod;Country rock simulation can be filled by sample lifting assembly The upside steel pipe put is fixed on the height of any setting;
Described hammer body component, including tup, tup seat, main ram body, weights, counterweight lock sleeve, counterweight check lock lever, Penetrating up and down two are reserved with main ram body and are oriented to light rod aperture and country rock analogue means hole, overall edge during hammer body component operation It is oriented to polished rod to fall, impact load is applied to the impact disc of country rock analogue means;
Described carries hammer device, including Power Component two, and electromagnet haulage gear grabs hammer self-locking mechanism, dynamic and static pulley Group, carries hammer chain;For picking up or discharging hammer body, and hammer body component is lifted into setting height;
Described electric control system, comprising touch-screen, PLC, main command control button, servo controller, safe spacing Switch, the normal instructions for manipulating whole testing machine run;
Described buffer unit, using hydraulic cushion oil cylinder, on the base plate of main machine frame structure, is rushed in anchor pole Produce after hitting it is disrumpent feelings in the case of, absorb hammer body component impact energy, prevent hammer body component from directly impacting main machine frame structure Base plate;
Described protector, prevents comprising acoustooptic alarm system, maintenance safety climbing ladder, lower safty shield, upper safety Protecting wire net, safety door, for the personal safety of protection equipment operator, maintain the operation safety of whole machine;
Described impact load measuring system, including pressure sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, pressure sensor are installed Between tup and tup seat, for the impact load that test specimen in measurement experimentation in real time is subject to;
Described position measuring system, including non-touch position sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, non-contacting position are passed Sensor is used for the position of hammer body component in measurement experimentation in real time, and then is calculated its speed and acceleration.
The present invention test method be:
1)First by the upside steel pipe of country rock analogue means and the docking of downside steel pipe, mounting hook and impact disc;Then exist Upside steel pipe and downside steel pipe fill concrete are used to simulate country rock, the heart drilling wherein after concrete setting;Then pass through The body of rod of anchor pole is fixed in the borehole by mortar or resin anchoring agent;Pallet and nut are finally installed;
2)The weight of hammer body component is set and weights are fixed, is lifted by carrying hammer device and Power Component Country rock analogue means is held up by sample conveying device, is linked up with the specimen holder for being fixed on sample lifting assembly by certain altitude On, and then adjusting sample is to experimental design height;
3)Hammer body component is discharged by carrying hammer device, on the downside of hammer body component freely falling body impact country rock analogue means on steel pipe Impact disc, as lower end and the downside steel pipe of anchor pole are bondd by Anchor Agent, while the also stop of pallet and nut, impacts Load is delivered to anchor pole test specimen by downside steel pipe, so as to apply impact load to anchor pole test specimen;
4)In above-mentioned experimentation, by rushing that impact load measuring system measures that test specimen in experimentation is subject in real time Hit load;The position of hammer body component is measured in real time by position measuring system, and then is calculated the speed and acceleration of hammer body Data;After the completion of experiment, lift hammer body component, unload country rock analogue means, the destruction situation of record analysis test specimen.
The present invention principle be:
The plate cracking phenomenon that country rock is produced when the country rock analogue means of the present invention can occur rock burst with model engineering scene, leads to Cross hammer body component applying impact load and can simulate the phenomenon that country rock is outwards produced suddenly, by steel pipe on the upside of country rock analogue means Separation with downside steel pipe makes anchor pole produce the stress and strain concentration phenomenon similar to scene.This test system can be real The reflection interaction process of country rock and anchor pole under Impact Load, the shock resistance actual so as to measure anchor pole, very Real reflection anchor pole is to the reinforcement effect with rock burst tendency country rock.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is rock burst principle schematic;
Fig. 2 is bolt deformation analysis chart when rock burst occurs;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the anchor pole shock resistance test system that the present invention considers interaction between support-surrounding rock.
Legend:The base plate 101 of main machine frame structure, top board 102, support post 103, guiding polished rod 104;Country rock simulation dress The upside steel pipe 201 put, downside steel pipe 202, impact disc 203;The body of rod 301 of anchor pole test specimen, pallet 302;Sample lifting assembly Power Component 1, threaded rod 402, specimen holder;Hammer body component 5;The Power Component 2 601, electromagnet for carrying hammer device leads Draw mechanism 602;Buffer unit 7;The combination of the specimen holder of the hook and sample lifting assembly of country rock analogue means is expressed as 88.
Specific embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing 3, a kind of anchor pole shock resistance test system for considering interaction between support-surrounding rock, it is characterised in that bag Include main machine frame structure, country rock analogue means, anchor pole test specimen, sample conveying device, sample lifting assembly, hammer body component 5, carry hammer dress Put, electric control system, buffer unit, protector, impact load measuring system and position measuring system;
Described main machine frame structure, including base plate 101, top board 102, support post 103, guiding polished rod 104 and crossbeam, Support post totally four, is connected to improve the stability of main machine frame structure between adjacent supports column by crossbeam, is oriented to light Bar has two, and the upper/lower terminal of any one is connected with top board and base plate respectively;
Described country rock analogue means, including upside steel pipe 201, downside steel pipe 202, hook and impact disc;Upside steel pipe It is connected by boss with downside steel pipe, both axis deviations can be prevented, can allows again easily to take off during both under tensions From by screw thread and upside fastener for connection, the upper end of hook can be hung on specimen holder for the lower end of hook;Impact disc is fixed on Impulsive force for bearing the impact of hammer body component, and is passed to downside steel pipe by the outside of downside steel pipe;
Described anchor pole test specimen, including the body of rod 301, pallet 302 and nut, the body of rod are arranged on above-mentioned country rock analogue means In upside steel pipe and downside steel pipe, fixed by mortar or resin anchoring agent, pallet is contacted with the low side of downside steel pipe, nut is used In fixed tray;
Described sample conveying device, including fixing component, in front and back left and right rail, guide rail, sample grapple, grapple handwheel, it is described Fixing component for sample conveying device to be fixed on the support post of main machine frame structure, by grapple handwheel can control examination Sample grapple is grabbed, puts sample;
Described sample lifting assembly, including Power Component 1, threaded rod 402, specimen holder, Power Component one can Moved up and down with controlling threaded rod, be threaded connection on the downside of specimen holder and threaded rod;Sample lifting assembly can be by country rock The upside steel pipe of analogue means is fixed on the height of any setting;
Described hammer body component 5, including tup, tup seat, main ram body, weights, counterweight lock sleeve, counterweight locking Bar, is reserved with penetrating up and down two on main ram body and is oriented to light rod aperture and country rock analogue means hole, whole during hammer body component operation Body falls along polished rod is oriented to, and applies impact load to the impact disc of country rock analogue means;
Described carries hammer device, including Power Component 2 601, and electromagnet haulage gear 602 grabs hammer self-locking mechanism, dynamic and static Assembly pulley, carries hammer chain;For picking up or discharging hammer body, and hammer body component is lifted into setting height;
Described electric control system, comprising touch-screen, PLC, main command control button, servo controller, safe spacing Switch, the normal instructions for manipulating whole testing machine run;
Described buffer unit 7, using hydraulic cushion oil cylinder, on the base plate of main machine frame structure, receives in anchor pole Produce after impact it is disrumpent feelings in the case of, absorb hammer body component impact energy, prevent hammer body component from directly impacting main machine frame structure Base plate;
Described protector, prevents comprising acoustooptic alarm system, maintenance safety climbing ladder, lower safty shield, upper safety Protecting wire net, safety door, for the personal safety of protection equipment operator, maintain the operation safety of whole machine.
Described impact load measuring system, including pressure sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, pressure sensor are installed Between tup and tup seat, for the impact load that test specimen in measurement experimentation in real time is subject to.
Described position measuring system, including non-touch position sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, non-contacting position are passed Sensor is used for the position of hammer body component in measurement experimentation in real time, and then is calculated its speed and acceleration.
The present invention test method be:
1)First by the upside steel pipe of country rock analogue means and the docking of downside steel pipe, mounting hook and impact disc;Then exist Upside steel pipe and downside steel pipe fill concrete are used to simulate country rock, the heart drilling wherein after concrete setting;Then pass through The body of rod of anchor pole is fixed in the borehole by mortar or resin anchoring agent;Pallet and nut are finally installed;
2)The weight of hammer body component is set and weights are fixed, is lifted by carrying hammer device and Power Component Country rock analogue means is held up by sample conveying device, is linked up with the specimen holder for being fixed on sample lifting assembly by certain altitude On, and then adjusting sample is to experimental design height;
3)Hammer body component is discharged by carrying hammer device, on the downside of hammer body component freely falling body impact country rock analogue means on steel pipe Impact disc, as lower end and the downside steel pipe of anchor pole are bondd by Anchor Agent, while the also stop of pallet and nut, impacts Load is delivered to anchor pole test specimen by downside steel pipe, so as to apply impact load to anchor pole test specimen;
4)In above-mentioned experimentation, by rushing that impact load measuring system measures that test specimen in experimentation is subject in real time Hit load;The position of hammer body component is measured in real time by position measuring system, and then is calculated the speed and acceleration of hammer body Data;After the completion of experiment, lift hammer body component, unload country rock analogue means, the destruction situation of record analysis test specimen.
Embodiment described above, simply one kind of the present invention more preferably specific embodiment, those skilled in the art The usual variations and alternatives that member is carried out in the range of technical solution of the present invention all should be comprising within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. it is a kind of consider interaction between support-surrounding rock anchor pole shock resistance test system, it is characterised in that including main machine frame tie Structure, country rock analogue means, anchor pole test specimen, sample conveying device, sample lifting assembly, hammer body component, carry hammer device, electrical control system System, buffer unit, protector, impact load measuring system and position measuring system;
Described main machine frame structure, including base plate, top board, support post, guiding polished rod and crossbeam, support post totally four, Connect to improve the stability of main machine frame structure between adjacent supports column by crossbeam, be oriented to polished rod and have two, it is upper and lower Two ends are connected with top board and base plate respectively;
Described country rock analogue means, including upside steel pipe, downside steel pipe, hook and impact disc;Upside steel pipe and downside steel pipe It is connected by boss, both axis deviations can be prevented, can allow again easily to depart from during both under tensions, under hook By screw thread and upside fastener for connection, the upper end of hook can be hung on specimen holder at end;Impact disc is fixed on downside steel pipe Impulsive force for bearing the impact of hammer body component, and is passed to downside steel pipe by outside;
Described anchor pole test specimen, including the body of rod, pallet and nut, the body of rod be arranged on above-mentioned country rock analogue means upside steel pipe and In the steel pipe of downside, fixed by mortar or resin anchoring agent, pallet is contacted with the bottom of downside steel pipe, nut is used for fixed support Disk;
Described sample conveying device, including fixing component, in front and back left and right rail, guide rail, sample grapple, grapple handwheel, described consolidates Component is determined for sample conveying device to be fixed on the support post of main machine frame structure, can be grabbed with Control Assay by grapple handwheel Hook is grabbed, puts sample;
Described sample lifting assembly, including Power Component one, threaded rod, specimen holder, Power Component one can control screw thread Bar moves up and down, and is threaded connection on the downside of specimen holder and threaded rod;Sample lifting assembly can be by country rock analogue means Upside steel pipe is fixed on the height of any setting;
Described hammer body component, including tup, tup seat, main ram body, weights, counterweight lock sleeve, counterweight check lock lever, are leading Penetrating up and down two are reserved with hammer body and are oriented to light rod aperture and country rock analogue means hole, it is overall along guiding during hammer body component operation Polished rod falls, and applies impact load to the impact disc of country rock analogue means;
Described carries hammer device, including Power Component two, and electromagnet haulage gear grabs hammer self-locking mechanism, and dynamic and static assembly pulley is carried Hammer chain;For picking up or discharging hammer body, and hammer body component is lifted into setting height;
Described electric control system, comprising touch-screen, PLC, main command control button, servo controller, safety limit switch, Normal instructions for manipulating whole testing machine run;
Described buffer unit, using hydraulic cushion oil cylinder, on the base plate of main machine frame structure, after anchor pole is hit In the case that generation is disrumpent feelings, hammer body component impact energy is absorbed, prevents hammer body component from directly impacting the base plate of main machine frame structure;
Described protector, comprising acoustooptic alarm system, maintenance safety climbing ladder, lower safty shield, upper safety guard net, Safety door, for the personal safety of protection equipment operator, maintains the operation safety of whole machine;
Described impact load measuring system, including pressure sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, pressure sensor are arranged on hammer Between head and tup seat, for the impact load that test specimen in measurement experimentation in real time is subject to;
Described position measuring system, including non-touch position sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, non-touch position sensor For the position of hammer body component in measurement experimentation in real time, and then it is calculated its speed and acceleration.
2. the application side of a kind of anchor pole shock resistance test system for considering interaction between support-surrounding rock as claimed in claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) first by the upside steel pipe of country rock analogue means and the docking of downside steel pipe, mounting hook and impact disc;Then in upside Steel pipe and downside steel pipe fill concrete are used to simulate country rock, the heart drilling wherein after concrete setting;Then pass through mortar Or the body of rod of anchor pole is fixed in the borehole by resin anchoring agent;Pallet and nut are finally installed;
2) weight of hammer body component is set and weights are fixed, is lifted necessarily by carrying hammer device and Power Component Highly, country rock analogue means is held up by sample conveying device, is linked up with and be fixed on the specimen holder of sample lifting assembly, entered And adjusting sample is to experimental design height;
3) hammer body component is discharged by carrying hammer device, rushing on steel pipe on the downside of hammer body component freely falling body impact country rock analogue means Disk is hit, as lower end and the downside steel pipe of anchor pole are bondd by Anchor Agent, while the also stop of pallet and nut, impact load Anchor pole test specimen is delivered to by downside steel pipe, so as to apply impact load to anchor pole test specimen;
4) in above-mentioned experimentation, the impact lotus that test specimen is subject in experimentation is measured in real time by impact load measuring system Carry;The position of hammer body component is measured in real time by position measuring system, and then is calculated the speed and acceleration information of hammer body; After the completion of experiment, lift hammer body component, unload country rock analogue means, the destruction situation of record analysis test specimen.
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