CN104697736A - Anchor rod impact resistance testing system considering about interaction of support-wall rock and application method thereof - Google Patents
Anchor rod impact resistance testing system considering about interaction of support-wall rock and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104697736A CN104697736A CN201510052234.5A CN201510052234A CN104697736A CN 104697736 A CN104697736 A CN 104697736A CN 201510052234 A CN201510052234 A CN 201510052234A CN 104697736 A CN104697736 A CN 104697736A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anchor rod impact resistance testing system considering about interaction of support-wall rock and an application method thereof. The anchor rod impact resistance testing system is characterized by comprising a main machine framework structure, a wall rock simulation device, an anchor rod testing piece, a sample delivering device, a testing sample lifting component, a hammer component, a hammer lifting device, an electrical control system, a buffer device, a protective device, an impact load measuring system and a position measuring system; the wall rock simulation device can simulate the board cracking phenomenon of the wall rock when rock burst happens at the simulated project site; the impact load is applied through the hammer body component, that the sudden outwards burst of the wall rock can be simulated; through separation of an upside steel pipe and a downside steel pipe of the wall rock simulation device, the anchor rod generates stress and strain concentration which are similar to that on site. The testing system can really reflect the interactive process of the wall rock and the anchor rod under the effect of the impact load, thereby the actual impact resistance performance of the anchor rod is measured, and the reinforcing effect of the anchor rod on the wall rock with the tendency of rock burst is really reflected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the research of anchor pole in engineering site shock resistance, particularly relate to Practical Project and consider supporting construction and country rock interactional anchor pole shock resistance test macro and application process thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, China's deep underground engineering construction obtains deep development, also encounters the geologic condition become increasingly complex simultaneously.The destructive strong engineering project disaster such as the heavily stressed rock burst that causes and rock burst is more and more serious, and the shock resistance of the anchor pole applied under these conditions is the key of anchoring support effect.
As shown in Figure 1, the generating process of rock burst refers to that surrounding rock of chamber is under high stress, first produces plate cracking phenomenon (namely producing crack), gathering further afterwards along with energy, the phenomenon that part country rock is outwards produced suddenly.In the process, anchor pole very easily destroys, and its reason is not only to form strong impact by the energy that rock burst release is higher, the more important thing is that in anchor pole, caused stress and strain concentrates.
As shown in Figure 2.Because anchor surface is coarse and combine closely with Anchor Agent, when rock burst causes wall-rock crack to open, anchor pole only has the very short body of rod to be separated with Anchor Agent near crack.When rock burst occurs, only have the part body of rod be separated with country rock tension to extend, thus absorb the energy producing sillar, the part that anchor pole and country rock are combined closely then can not be extended and absorb energy.Therefore, the impact resistance of anchor pole reality only comprises the absorbent energy of deformable segment body of rod tension elongation near crack.
In order to test the shock resistance of anchor pole, need the proving installation can simulating above-mentioned breakoff phenomenon and process.Existing laboratory instrumentation comprise Chinese patent 201110387388.1,2,012,100,934,515 two kind.These two kinds of proving installations are all fixed anchor pole one end, directly impact load is applied to the other end of anchor pole, the actual like this anchor pole shock resistance recorded comprises the whole length tension of anchor pole and extends the energy absorbed, and the result that test obtains and the on-the-spot characteristic of anchor pole have bigger difference.Current experimental provision truly can not reflect the interaction between anchor pole-country rock, namely the impact load that bears of anchor pole and on-site actual situations inconsistent, and directly can not be reflected in Impact Load and to cast anchor the reinforcement effect of pole pair country rock.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of interactional anchor pole shock resistance test macro that can reflect engineering site anchor pole and country rock is provided.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of anchor pole shock resistance test macro considering interaction between support-surrounding rock, it is characterized in that, comprise main machine frame structure, country rock analogue means, anchor pole test specimen, sample conveying device, sample lifting assembly, hammer body assembly, carry hammer device, electric control system, snubber assembly, protective device, impact load measuring system and position measuring system;
Described main machine frame structure, comprise base plate, top board, support post, guiding polished rod and crossbeam, support post totally four, connect by crossbeam the stability improving main machine frame structure between adjacent supports column, guiding polished rod has two, and the upper/lower terminal of any is connected with base plate with top board respectively;
Described country rock analogue means, comprises upside steel pipe, downside steel pipe, hook and impact disc; Upside steel pipe is connected by boss with downside steel pipe, can prevent both axis deviations, can make again can depart from easily during both under tensions, and the lower end of hook is by screw thread and upside fastener for connection, and the upper end of hook can hang on specimen holder; Impact disc is fixed on the outside of downside steel pipe, for bearing the impact of hammer body assembly, and impulsive force is passed to downside steel pipe;
Described anchor pole test specimen, comprises the body of rod, pallet and nut, in the upside steel pipe that the body of rod is arranged on above-mentioned country rock analogue means and downside steel pipe, is fixed, the low end in contact of pallet and downside steel pipe by mortar or resin anchoring agent, and nut is used for fixed tray;
Described sample conveying device, comprise fixed component, left and right rail, front and back guide rail, sample grapple, grapple handwheel, described fixed component, for sample conveying device being fixed on the support post of main machine frame structure, can be grabbed, puts sample by Control Assay grapple by grapple handwheel;
Described sample lifting assembly, comprises Power Component one, threaded rod, specimen holder, and Power Component one can control threaded rod and move up and down, and is threaded connection on the downside of specimen holder and threaded rod; The upside steel pipe of country rock analogue means can be fixed on the height of setting arbitrarily by sample lifting assembly;
Described hammer body assembly, comprise tup, tup seat, main ram body, weights, counterweight lock sleeve, counterweight check lock lever, main ram body is reserved with two penetrating up and down direct light rod aperture and country rock analogue means hole, overall along guiding polished rod whereabouts during hammer body component operation, impact load is applied to the impact disc of country rock analogue means;
Described carries hammer device, comprises Power Component two, and electromagnet haulage gear grabs hammer self-locking mechanism, dynamic and static pulley blocks, carries hammer chain; For picking up or discharging hammer body, and hammer body assembly is risen to setting height;
Described electric control system, comprises touch-screen, PLC, main command control knob, servo controller, safety limit switch, runs for the normal instructions manipulating whole testing machine;
Described snubber assembly, adopts hydraulic cushion oil cylinder, is arranged on the base plate of main machine frame structure, when producing disrumpent feelings after anchor pole is hit, absorbing hammer body assembly impact energy, preventing hammer body assembly from directly impacting the base plate of main machine frame structure;
Described protective device, comprises acoustooptic alarm system, maintenance safety climbing ladder, lower safty shield, upper safety guard net, safety door, for the protection of the personal safety of equipment operator, maintains the security of operation of complete machine;
Described impact load measuring system, comprises pressure transducer, wire, data acquisition unit, and pressure transducer is arranged between tup and tup seat, for the impact load that test specimen in real-time experiments of measuring process is subject to;
Described position measuring system, comprises non-touch position sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, and non-touch position sensor is used for the position of hammer body assembly in real-time experiments of measuring process, and then calculates its speed and acceleration.
Test method of the present invention is:
1) first by the upside steel pipe of country rock analogue means and the docking of downside steel pipe, hook and impact disc are installed; Then at upside steel pipe and downside steel pipe fill concrete for simulating country rock, heart boring wherein after concrete setting; Then by mortar or resin anchoring agent, the body of rod of anchor pole is fixed in the borehole; Last tray and nut;
2) weight of hammer body assembly is set and fixes weights, by carry hammer device and Power Component risen to certain altitude, by sample conveying device, country rock analogue means is held up, link up be fixed on sample lifting assembly specimen holder on, and then adjusting sample to experimental design highly;
3) by carrying hammer device release hammer body assembly, hammer body assembly freely falling body impacts the impact disc on the downside of country rock analogue means on steel pipe, because the lower end of anchor pole and downside steel pipe are bondd by Anchor Agent, also has the stop of pallet and nut simultaneously, impact load is delivered to anchor pole test specimen by downside steel pipe, thus applies impact load to anchor pole test specimen;
4) in above-mentioned experimentation, the impact load be subject to by test specimen in the real-time experiments of measuring process of impact load measuring system; Measured the position of hammer body assembly by position measuring system in real time, and then calculate speed and the acceleration information of hammer body; After having tested, mention hammer body assembly, unload country rock analogue means, the destruction situation of record analysis test specimen.
Principle of the present invention is:
Country rock analogue means of the present invention can model engineering scene occur rock burst time country rock produce plate cracking phenomenon, apply impact load by hammer body assembly and can simulate the phenomenon that country rock outwards produces suddenly, anchor pole is produced be similar to on-the-spot stress and strain concentration phenomenon by being separated of steel pipe on the upside of country rock analogue means and downside steel pipe.This test macro can reflect country rock and the interaction process of anchor pole under Impact Load really, thus measures the shock resistance of anchor pole reality, and true reflection anchor pole is to the reinforcement effect with rock burst tendency country rock.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is rock burst principle schematic;
Bolt deformation analysis chart when Fig. 2 is rock burst generation;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that the present invention considers the anchor pole shock resistance test macro of interaction between support-surrounding rock.
Legend: the base plate 101 of main machine frame structure, top board 102, support post 103, guiding polished rod 104; The upside steel pipe 201 of country rock analogue means, downside steel pipe 202, impact disc 203; The body of rod 301 of anchor pole test specimen, pallet 302; The Power Component 1 of sample lifting assembly, threaded rod 402, specimen holder; Hammer body assembly 5; Carry Power Component 2 601, the electromagnet haulage gear 602 of hammer device; Snubber assembly 7; The combination of the hook of country rock analogue means and the specimen holder of sample lifting assembly is expressed as 88.
Embodiment
By reference to the accompanying drawings 3, a kind of anchor pole shock resistance test macro considering interaction between support-surrounding rock, it is characterized in that, comprise main machine frame structure, country rock analogue means, anchor pole test specimen, sample conveying device, sample lifting assembly, hammer body assembly 5, carry hammer device, electric control system, snubber assembly, protective device, impact load measuring system and position measuring system;
Described main machine frame structure, comprise base plate 101, top board 102, support post 103, guiding polished rod 104 and crossbeam, support post totally four, connect by crossbeam the stability improving main machine frame structure between adjacent supports column, guiding polished rod has two, and the upper/lower terminal of any is connected with base plate with top board respectively;
Described country rock analogue means, comprises upside steel pipe 201, downside steel pipe 202, hook and impact disc; Upside steel pipe is connected by boss with downside steel pipe, can prevent both axis deviations, can make again can depart from easily during both under tensions, and the lower end of hook is by screw thread and upside fastener for connection, and the upper end of hook can hang on specimen holder; Impact disc is fixed on the outside of downside steel pipe, for bearing the impact of hammer body assembly, and impulsive force is passed to downside steel pipe;
Described anchor pole test specimen, comprises the body of rod 301, pallet 302 and nut, in the upside steel pipe that the body of rod is arranged on above-mentioned country rock analogue means and downside steel pipe, is fixed, the low end in contact of pallet and downside steel pipe by mortar or resin anchoring agent, and nut is used for fixed tray;
Described sample conveying device, comprise fixed component, left and right rail, front and back guide rail, sample grapple, grapple handwheel, described fixed component, for sample conveying device being fixed on the support post of main machine frame structure, can be grabbed, puts sample by Control Assay grapple by grapple handwheel;
Described sample lifting assembly, comprises Power Component 1, threaded rod 402, specimen holder, and Power Component one can control threaded rod and move up and down, and is threaded connection on the downside of specimen holder and threaded rod; The upside steel pipe of country rock analogue means can be fixed on the height of setting arbitrarily by sample lifting assembly;
Described hammer body assembly 5, comprise tup, tup seat, main ram body, weights, counterweight lock sleeve, counterweight check lock lever, main ram body is reserved with two penetrating up and down direct light rod aperture and country rock analogue means hole, overall along guiding polished rod whereabouts during hammer body component operation, impact load is applied to the impact disc of country rock analogue means;
Described carries hammer device, comprises Power Component 2 601, and electromagnet haulage gear 602 grabs hammer self-locking mechanism, dynamic and static pulley blocks, carries hammer chain; For picking up or discharging hammer body, and hammer body assembly is risen to setting height;
Described electric control system, comprises touch-screen, PLC, main command control knob, servo controller, safety limit switch, runs for the normal instructions manipulating whole testing machine;
Described snubber assembly 7, adopts hydraulic cushion oil cylinder, is arranged on the base plate of main machine frame structure, when producing disrumpent feelings after anchor pole is hit, absorbing hammer body assembly impact energy, preventing hammer body assembly from directly impacting the base plate of main machine frame structure;
Described protective device, comprises acoustooptic alarm system, maintenance safety climbing ladder, lower safty shield, upper safety guard net, safety door, for the protection of the personal safety of equipment operator, maintains the security of operation of complete machine.
Described impact load measuring system, comprises pressure transducer, wire, data acquisition unit, and pressure transducer is arranged between tup and tup seat, for the impact load that test specimen in real-time experiments of measuring process is subject to.
Described position measuring system, comprises non-touch position sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, and non-touch position sensor is used for the position of hammer body assembly in real-time experiments of measuring process, and then calculates its speed and acceleration.
Test method of the present invention is:
1) first by the upside steel pipe of country rock analogue means and the docking of downside steel pipe, hook and impact disc are installed; Then at upside steel pipe and downside steel pipe fill concrete for simulating country rock, heart boring wherein after concrete setting; Then by mortar or resin anchoring agent, the body of rod of anchor pole is fixed in the borehole; Last tray and nut;
2) weight of hammer body assembly is set and fixes weights, by carry hammer device and Power Component risen to certain altitude, by sample conveying device, country rock analogue means is held up, link up be fixed on sample lifting assembly specimen holder on, and then adjusting sample to experimental design highly;
3) by carrying hammer device release hammer body assembly, hammer body assembly freely falling body impacts the impact disc on the downside of country rock analogue means on steel pipe, because the lower end of anchor pole and downside steel pipe are bondd by Anchor Agent, also has the stop of pallet and nut simultaneously, impact load is delivered to anchor pole test specimen by downside steel pipe, thus applies impact load to anchor pole test specimen;
4) in above-mentioned experimentation, the impact load be subject to by test specimen in the real-time experiments of measuring process of impact load measuring system; Measured the position of hammer body assembly by position measuring system in real time, and then calculate speed and the acceleration information of hammer body; After having tested, mention hammer body assembly, unload country rock analogue means, the destruction situation of record analysis test specimen.
The above embodiment, the just one of the embodiment that the present invention is more preferably concrete, the usual change that those skilled in the art carries out within the scope of technical solution of the present invention and replacement all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. consider the anchor pole shock resistance test macro of interaction between support-surrounding rock for one kind, it is characterized in that, comprise main machine frame structure, country rock analogue means, anchor pole test specimen, sample conveying device, sample lifting assembly, hammer body assembly, carry hammer device, electric control system, snubber assembly, protective device, impact load measuring system and position measuring system;
Described main machine frame structure, comprise base plate, top board, support post, guiding polished rod and crossbeam, support post totally four, connect by crossbeam the stability improving main machine frame structure between adjacent supports column, guiding polished rod has two, and the upper/lower terminal of any is connected with base plate with top board respectively;
Described country rock analogue means, comprises upside steel pipe, downside steel pipe, hook and impact disc; Upside steel pipe is connected by boss with downside steel pipe, can prevent both axis deviations, can make again can depart from easily during both under tensions, and the lower end of hook is by screw thread and upside fastener for connection, and the upper end of hook can hang on specimen holder; Impact disc is fixed on the outside of downside steel pipe, for bearing the impact of hammer body assembly, and impulsive force is passed to downside steel pipe;
Described anchor pole test specimen, comprises the body of rod, pallet and nut, in the upside steel pipe that the body of rod is arranged on above-mentioned country rock analogue means and downside steel pipe, is fixed, the low end in contact of pallet and downside steel pipe by mortar or resin anchoring agent, and nut is used for fixed tray;
Described sample conveying device, comprise fixed component, left and right rail, front and back guide rail, sample grapple, grapple handwheel, described fixed component, for sample conveying device being fixed on the support post of main machine frame structure, can be grabbed, puts sample by Control Assay grapple by grapple handwheel;
Described sample lifting assembly, comprises Power Component one, threaded rod, specimen holder, and Power Component one can control threaded rod and move up and down, and is threaded connection on the downside of specimen holder and threaded rod; The upside steel pipe of country rock analogue means can be fixed on the height of setting arbitrarily by sample lifting assembly;
Described hammer body assembly, comprise tup, tup seat, main ram body, weights, counterweight lock sleeve, counterweight check lock lever, main ram body is reserved with two penetrating up and down direct light rod aperture and country rock analogue means hole, overall along guiding polished rod whereabouts during hammer body component operation, impact load is applied to the impact disc of country rock analogue means;
Described carries hammer device, comprises Power Component two, and electromagnet haulage gear grabs hammer self-locking mechanism, dynamic and static pulley blocks, carries hammer chain; For picking up or discharging hammer body, and hammer body assembly is risen to setting height;
Described electric control system, comprises touch-screen, PLC, main command control knob, servo controller, safety limit switch, runs for the normal instructions manipulating whole testing machine;
Described snubber assembly, adopts hydraulic cushion oil cylinder, is arranged on the base plate of main machine frame structure, when producing disrumpent feelings after anchor pole is hit, absorbing hammer body assembly impact energy, preventing hammer body assembly from directly impacting the base plate of main machine frame structure;
Described protective device, comprises acoustooptic alarm system, maintenance safety climbing ladder, lower safty shield, upper safety guard net, safety door, for the protection of the personal safety of equipment operator, maintains the security of operation of complete machine;
Described impact load measuring system, comprises pressure transducer, wire, data acquisition unit, and pressure transducer is arranged between tup and tup seat, for the impact load that test specimen in real-time experiments of measuring process is subject to;
Described position measuring system, comprises non-touch position sensor, wire, data acquisition unit, and non-touch position sensor is used for the position of hammer body assembly in real-time experiments of measuring process, and then calculates its speed and acceleration.
2. a kind of application process considering the anchor pole shock resistance test macro of interaction between support-surrounding rock as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1) first by the upside steel pipe of country rock analogue means and the docking of downside steel pipe, hook and impact disc are installed; Then at upside steel pipe and downside steel pipe fill concrete for simulating country rock, heart boring wherein after concrete setting; Then by mortar or resin anchoring agent, the body of rod of anchor pole is fixed in the borehole; Last tray and nut;
2) weight of hammer body assembly is set and fixes weights, by carry hammer device and Power Component risen to certain altitude, by sample conveying device, country rock analogue means is held up, link up be fixed on sample lifting assembly specimen holder on, and then adjusting sample to experimental design highly;
3) by carrying hammer device release hammer body assembly, hammer body assembly freely falling body impacts the impact disc on the downside of country rock analogue means on steel pipe, because the lower end of anchor pole and downside steel pipe are bondd by Anchor Agent, also has the stop of pallet and nut simultaneously, impact load is delivered to anchor pole test specimen by downside steel pipe, thus applies impact load to anchor pole test specimen;
4) in above-mentioned experimentation, the impact load be subject to by test specimen in the real-time experiments of measuring process of impact load measuring system; Measured the position of hammer body assembly by position measuring system in real time, and then calculate speed and the acceleration information of hammer body; After having tested, mention hammer body assembly, unload country rock analogue means, the destruction situation of record analysis test specimen.
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