CN111579229A - Test device for researching prestress transmission rule of anchor cable and working method thereof - Google Patents
Test device for researching prestress transmission rule of anchor cable and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111579229A CN111579229A CN202010423012.0A CN202010423012A CN111579229A CN 111579229 A CN111579229 A CN 111579229A CN 202010423012 A CN202010423012 A CN 202010423012A CN 111579229 A CN111579229 A CN 111579229A
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- anchor cable
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
Abstract
The invention discloses a test device for researching the prestress transmission rule of an anchor cable and a working method thereof, wherein the test device comprises an anchor cable occurrence environment simulation component, an anchor cable simulation and loading component and an anchor cable tensioning process monitoring component; the working method comprises the following steps: s1, filling mortar simulation materials in the steel cylinder; s2, adjusting the distance between the anchor cables in the steel cylinder and the centering frames; s3, drawing the anchor cable simulation material by using a hydraulic servo jack; s4, measuring the axial force value of the anchor cable at each part of the anchor cable simulation material through the single-hole piercing sensor, the anchor cable axial force piercing sensor and the magnetic flux sensor; s5, calculating to obtain the frictional resistance loss of the anchor cable simulation material; s6, preparing mortar simulation materials with different mixing ratios, adjusting the distance between the anchor cables and the centering frame for multiple times, replacing single-hole piercing sensors and anchor cable axial force piercing sensors with different models, repeating the steps S1-S5 to obtain friction resistance loss data of different anchor cable simulation materials, and finishing test operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering anchoring, in particular to a test device for researching the prestress transmission rule of an anchor cable and a working method thereof.
Background
The anchor cable is widely applied to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering at present, but theoretical research of the anchor cable is far behind actual engineering application, the pulling force of the anchor cable acting on the anchor cable in the pulling process is gradually reduced, but the action mechanism and the transmission rule of the prestress are not clear at present, so that the prestress transmission rule of the anchor cable needs to be subjected to experimental research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a test device for researching the prestress transmission law of an anchor cable, which is simple in structure and can be used for measuring the prestress transmission law of the anchor cable, and a working method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the test device for researching the prestress transmission rule of the anchor cable comprises an anchor cable occurrence environment simulation component, an anchor cable simulation and loading component and an anchor cable tensioning process monitoring component;
the anchor cable occurrence environment simulation assembly comprises a hollow cylindrical steel cylinder, and mortar simulation materials are filled in the steel cylinder;
the anchor cable simulation and loading assembly comprises anchor cable simulation materials, an anchor cable centering frame and hydraulic servo jacks, wherein four anchor cable simulation materials transversely penetrate through the steel cylinder, two ends of each anchor cable simulation material are connected with the hydraulic servo jacks, two anchor cable centering frames are symmetrically arranged in the steel cylinder, a connecting groove is formed in the side face of each anchor cable centering frame and is clamped and connected with the four anchor cable simulation materials through the connecting groove, and the anchor cable simulation materials between the two anchor cable centering frames are bundled together;
the anchor cable tensioning process monitoring assembly comprises a single-hole tool anchor, a single-hole punching sensor, an anchor cable axial force punching sensor, a working anchor disc and a magnetic flux sensor, wherein the single-hole tool anchor and the working anchor disc are fixedly connected to an anchor cable simulation material, and the single-hole tool anchor and the working anchor disc are positioned between the hydraulic servo jack and the steel cylinder; a single-hole piercing sensor sleeved on the outer side of the anchor rope simulation material is arranged between the single-hole tool anchor and the working anchor disc, an anchor rope axial force piercing sensor sleeved on the outer side of the anchor rope simulation material is arranged between the working anchor disc and the steel cylinder, and magnetic flux sensors are arranged on the anchor rope simulation material and located on two sides of the anchor rope centering frame.
Further, the steel cylinder comprises an upper semi-steel cylinder, a lower semi-steel cylinder, a left reaction plate and a right circular plate, and the upper semi-steel cylinder, the lower semi-steel cylinder, the left reaction plate and the right circular plate are connected through bolts to form a sealed cylindrical cavity.
Further, the anchor cable simulation material is a steel strand.
A working method of a test device for researching the prestress transmission law of an anchor cable comprises the following steps:
s1, filling mortar simulation materials in the steel cylinder;
s2, adjusting the distance between the anchor cable centering frames in the steel cylinder, and accordingly controlling the size of a spindle body formed between the anchor cable simulation material and the anchor cable centering frames;
s3, drawing the anchor cable simulation material by using a hydraulic servo jack;
s4, measuring an anchoring axial force value of the anchor rope simulation material between the single-hole tool anchor and the working anchor disc through the single-hole piercing sensor; measuring the axial force value of the anchor cable outside the steel cylinder, wherein the anchor cable simulation material is positioned between the working anchor disc and the steel cylinder, through the anchor cable axial force piercing sensor; measuring the axial force value of the anchor cable in the steel cylinder through a magnetic flux sensor;
s5, calculating the change of the anchoring axial force value, the external steel cylinder anchor rope axial force value and the internal steel cylinder anchor rope axial force value in the traction process of the anchor rope simulation material to obtain the frictional resistance loss of the anchor rope simulation material;
s6, preparing mortar simulation materials with different mixing ratios, adjusting the distance between the anchor cables and the centering frame for multiple times, replacing single-hole piercing sensors and anchor cable axial force piercing sensors with different models, repeating the steps S1-S5 for multiple times to obtain friction resistance loss data of different anchor cable simulation materials, and completing the test operation of researching the prestress transmission rule of the anchor cable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
according to the invention, by adopting the design of filling the mortar simulation material in the steel cylinder, the steel cylinder can be used for simulating the boundary of the surrounding rock, the mortar simulation material is used for simulating the interior of the surrounding rock, and the fixed environment of the anchor cable is reasonably simulated; then, an anchor cable centering frame is arranged in the steel cylinder to enable the anchor cable to form a spindle-shaped structure in the steel cylinder, so that the axial force is reduced, and the prestress of the anchor cable in the steel cylinder can be detected more accurately and effectively; finally, the prestress of each part of the anchor cable is monitored through a single-hole piercing sensor, an anchor cable axial force piercing sensor and a magnetic flux sensor, and the transmission rule of the prestress of the anchor cable is researched through monitoring data; the method is simple to operate, can effectively monitor the prestress of each part of the anchor cable, provides theoretical data for the research work of the prestress transmission rule of the anchor cable, and makes certain contribution to the field of geotechnical engineering anchoring.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a sectional view structural diagram of B-B of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived from the embodiments of the present invention by a person skilled in the art without any creative effort, should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 3, the test apparatus suitable for researching the transmission law of the prestress force of the full-length unbonded anchor cable in the embodiment includes an anchor cable occurrence environment simulation assembly, an anchor cable simulation and loading assembly, and an anchor cable tension process monitoring assembly.
The anchor cable occurrence environment simulation assembly 1 comprises a lower semi-steel cylinder 11, an upper semi-steel cylinder 12, a right side circular plate 13, a left side reaction plate 14 and a mortar simulation material 15. The semicircular steel cylinders 11 and 12, the right circular plate 13 and the left circular plate 14 are connected through high-strength bolts to form a cylindrical steel cylinder, and the side wall of the steel cylinder simulates surrounding rock and provides a boundary for mortar simulation material pouring and ensures the property of a sealing structure.
The cable simulating and loading assembly includes cable simulating material 21, cable centering frame 22 and hydraulic servo jack 23. In order to more clearly explore the influence of the braided cable structure on the frictional resistance loss, the size of the spindle-shaped structure is adjusted by controlling the distance between the anchor cable and the centering frame, the anchor cable simulation material 21 is clamped in a groove at the periphery of the anchor cable centering frame 22, the anchor cables in the middle of the two anchor cable centering frames 22 are bound together by iron wires, and the two binding parts and the anchor cable centering frame in the middle form a spindle-shaped structure, so that the axial force is reduced; in order to facilitate the monitoring of the axial force at the two ends of the model, the anchor cable is fixed on the steel cylinder side plate by a working anchor disc to simulate the anchoring section of the replacement anchor cable; taking the space between the outer side of the steel cylinder and the hydraulic servo jack as an anchor cable stretching end; the anchor rope simulation material is the actually used 15.24mm steel strand, so the actual simulation is the tensioning condition of 4 symmetrical steel strands, and the hydraulic servo jack 23 is a tensioning stroke of 100 tons, which is convenient for controlling the tensioning load in the test process.
The anchor cable tensioning process monitoring assembly comprises a single-hole tool anchor 31, a single-hole piercing sensor 32, an anchor cable axial force piercing sensor 33, a working anchor disc 34 and a magnetic flux sensor 35; wherein the single hole tool anchor 31 and the working anchor disc 34 act directly on the anchor line simulation material to lock it; the single-hole piercing sensor 32 is arranged between the single-hole tool anchor 31 and the working anchor disc 34, and the anchor cable axial force piercing sensor 33 is connected between the working anchor disc and the steel cylinder; the magnetic flux sensor 35 is directly connected to the anchor rope simulation material in the steel cylinder to monitor the axial force of a single anchor rope; in the test process, the magnetic flux sensor 35 needs to be poured into mortar, so that the sensor and wiring need to be protected to ensure the integrity of an instrument and the accuracy of measured test data, a PVC sleeve and a flexible rubber tube are adopted to respectively protect the magnetic flux sensor and the wiring of the instrument, and the wiring is arranged outside a steel cylinder and connected with a magnetic modulation demodulator.
The method for exploring the transmission rule of the prestress force of the full-length unbonded anchor cable by using the test device comprises the following steps of:
s1, simulating a surrounding rock material by using a steel cylinder, and providing a sealing structure by using the steel cylinder as a boundary of a mortar material;
s2, adjusting the size of the spindle-shaped structure by controlling the distance between the anchor cable and the centering frame, controlling the loading by using a hydraulic servo jack, measuring the axial force values of the anchor cable at the tensioning end and the anchoring end through the single-hole piercing sensor 32 and the anchor cable axial force piercing sensor 33, measuring the axial force value of a single anchor cable in the steel cylinder through the magnetic flux sensor 35, and calculating the frictional resistance loss condition of the anchor cable through the axial force change of the anchor cable at the tensioning end, the inner part of the steel cylinder and the anchoring end;
s3, preparing mortar with different mixing ratios by adjusting the mixing ratio of the cement mortar so as to simulate real construction conditions;
s4, in the process of S1-S3, axial force through sensors of different types are installed at corresponding positions of the test device, magnetic flux sensors poured with mortar at free sections are embedded, and protective measures are taken for the sensors to prevent test instruments from being damaged or monitoring data from being influenced;
s5, controlling tensioning through a hydraulic servo jack, realizing tensioning simulation under different working conditions, measuring the axial force values of the anchor cables at the tensioning end and the anchoring end through the single-hole piercing sensor 32 and the anchor cable axial force piercing sensor 33 at the two ends, and measuring the axial force value of a single anchor cable in the steel cylinder through the magnetic flux sensor, thereby monitoring and recording the axial force distribution of the tensioning end, the inside of the steel cylinder and the anchoring end in real time, and providing a basic condition for exploring the prestress transmission law of the anchor cables.
According to the invention, by adopting the design of filling the mortar simulation material in the steel cylinder, the steel cylinder can be used for simulating the boundary of the surrounding rock, the mortar simulation material is used for simulating the interior of the surrounding rock, and the fixed environment of the anchor cable is reasonably simulated; then, an anchor cable centering frame is arranged in the steel cylinder to enable the anchor cable to form a spindle-shaped structure in the steel cylinder, so that the axial force is reduced, and the prestress of the anchor cable in the steel cylinder can be detected more accurately and effectively; finally, the prestress of each part of the anchor cable is monitored through a single-hole piercing sensor, an anchor cable axial force piercing sensor and a magnetic flux sensor, and the transmission rule of the prestress of the anchor cable is researched through monitoring data; the method is simple to operate, can effectively monitor the prestress of each part of the anchor cable, provides theoretical data for the research work of the prestress transmission rule of the anchor cable, and makes certain contribution to the field of geotechnical engineering anchoring.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a test device for anchor rope prestressing force transfer law research which characterized in that: the test device comprises an anchor cable occurrence environment simulation assembly, an anchor cable simulation and loading assembly and an anchor cable tensioning process monitoring assembly;
the anchor cable occurrence environment simulation assembly comprises a hollow cylindrical steel cylinder, and mortar simulation materials are filled in the steel cylinder;
the anchor cable simulation and loading assembly comprises anchor cable simulation materials, an anchor cable centering frame and hydraulic servo jacks, wherein four anchor cable simulation materials transversely penetrate through the steel cylinder, two ends of each anchor cable simulation material are connected with the hydraulic servo jacks, two anchor cable centering frames are symmetrically arranged in the steel cylinder, a connecting groove is formed in the side face of each anchor cable centering frame and is clamped and connected with the four anchor cable simulation materials through the connecting groove, and the anchor cable simulation materials between the two anchor cable centering frames are bundled together;
the anchor cable tensioning process monitoring assembly comprises a single-hole tool anchor, a single-hole punching sensor, an anchor cable axial force punching sensor, a working anchor disc and a magnetic flux sensor, wherein the single-hole tool anchor and the working anchor disc are fixedly connected to an anchor cable simulation material, and the single-hole tool anchor and the working anchor disc are positioned between the hydraulic servo jack and the steel cylinder; a single-hole piercing sensor sleeved on the outer side of the anchor rope simulation material is arranged between the single-hole tool anchor and the working anchor disc, an anchor rope axial force piercing sensor sleeved on the outer side of the anchor rope simulation material is arranged between the working anchor disc and the steel cylinder, and magnetic flux sensors are arranged on the anchor rope simulation material and located on two sides of the anchor rope centering frame.
2. The test device for researching the prestress transmission law of the anchor cable according to claim 1, wherein: the steel cylinder comprises an upper semi-steel cylinder, a lower semi-steel cylinder, a left reaction plate and a right circular plate, and the upper semi-steel cylinder, the lower semi-steel cylinder, the left reaction plate and the right circular plate are connected through bolts to form a sealed cylindrical cavity.
3. The test device for researching the prestress transmission law of the anchor cable according to claim 2, wherein: the anchor cable simulation material is a steel strand.
4. A working method of the test device for researching the prestress transmission law of the anchor cable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, filling mortar simulation materials in the steel cylinder;
s2, adjusting the distance between the anchor cable centering frames in the steel cylinder, and accordingly controlling the size of a spindle body formed between the anchor cable simulation material and the anchor cable centering frames;
s3, drawing the anchor cable simulation material by using a hydraulic servo jack;
s4, measuring an anchoring axial force value of the anchor rope simulation material between the single-hole tool anchor and the working anchor disc through the single-hole piercing sensor; measuring the axial force value of the anchor cable outside the steel cylinder, wherein the anchor cable simulation material is positioned between the working anchor disc and the steel cylinder, through the anchor cable axial force piercing sensor; measuring the axial force value of the anchor cable in the steel cylinder through a magnetic flux sensor;
s5, calculating the change of the anchoring axial force value, the external steel cylinder anchor rope axial force value and the internal steel cylinder anchor rope axial force value in the traction process of the anchor rope simulation material to obtain the frictional resistance loss of the anchor rope simulation material;
s6, preparing mortar simulation materials with different mixing ratios, adjusting the distance between the anchor cables and the centering frame for multiple times, replacing single-hole piercing sensors and anchor cable axial force piercing sensors with different models, repeating the steps S1-S5 for multiple times to obtain friction resistance loss data of different anchor cable simulation materials, and completing the test operation of researching the prestress transmission rule of the anchor cable.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114062248A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-18 | 西南交通大学 | System and method for testing friction resistance value of free section of rock-soil anchor cable pipeline |
| CN114319880A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-04-12 | 四川交达预应力工程检测科技有限公司 | Method and system for determining limiting space of prestress tension limiting device |
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Application publication date: 20200825 |