CN104692848A - Fermenting method for organic solid wastes - Google Patents
Fermenting method for organic solid wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN104692848A CN104692848A CN201510078833.4A CN201510078833A CN104692848A CN 104692848 A CN104692848 A CN 104692848A CN 201510078833 A CN201510078833 A CN 201510078833A CN 104692848 A CN104692848 A CN 104692848A
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- Prior art keywords
- organic solid
- fermentation
- solid castoff
- raw material
- fermentation process
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a fermenting method for organic solid wastes. The fermenting method comprises the following operation steps: (1) getting organic solid wastes as raw materials, regulating a C/N ratio to be (20-35) to 1 and regulating the moisture content to be 55-70%; (2) mixing desulfurized gypsum with mass fraction of 5-15% in terms of wet weight of organic solid waste raw materials in the step (1) with the organic solid wastes obtained in the step (1) to form a pile body and ferment. In order to solve the problems that air is polluted by much ammonia nitrogen emission in a fermentation treatment process of the organic solid wastes in the prior art, and the fertilizer efficiency after fermentation is not good, the invention discloses the fermenting method for the organic solid wastes, which aims to improve the fertilizer efficiency after the fermentation while the ammonia nitrogen emission amount in the organic solid waste fermentation process is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic solid castoff application technology as the second resource field, particularly a kind of fermentation process of organic solid castoff.
Background technology
Along with the explosive growth of population; the demand of people to livestock products also increases day by day; therefore livestock industry experienced by sustained and rapid development; and mass-producing increasingly, centralization and industrialization level significantly improve; but the densification of livestock industry; make feces of livestock and poultry amount greatly exceed process and the use ability of its surrounding environment, thus public hazards are formed to environment.
Composting is considered to the effective means of a kind of organic solid castoff resource utilization, innoxious, minimizing.Compost is the microorganism utilizing nature extensively to exist, and by artificial regulation and control, promotes the Biochemical processes that biodegradable organism transforms to stable soil ulmin.Usually said compost is generally high temperature aerobic composting, it be utilize high temperature kill heap body in germ and weed seed, obtain efficient organic fertilizer.But compost is also the source, particularly NH of obnoxious flavour release
3, N
2o and CH
4, NH
3discharge not only causes stench and acid rain, and is the major reason of nitrogen loss in composting process, NH in consumer garbage compost and Composting
3discharge 24-33% and 46.8-77.4% that the nitrogen loss caused accounts for initial N contents respectively.Researchist finds from the common compost of different amendment at pig manure, maximum NH
3quantity discharged has exceeded 92% of total nitrogen loss.Therefore NH in composting process is reduced
3discharge, promotes NH
3being converted into stable nitrate nitrogen by nitrification, is guarantor's nitrogen mechanism important in composting process.
Current organic solid castoff Treatment and recovery utilizes technology Wang Yan etc. to have studied sawdust, rice husk, straw as physics amendment to cow dung compost NH
3the impact of volatilization, result shows, this several amendment all can reduce ammonia emission, and wherein sawdust effect is best, is secondly rice husk, and it is the poorest that straw reduces ammonia emission effect.Kithome etc. have evaluated the adsorptive power of different sorbent material to ammonia in chicken manure aerobic composting process, and find that zeolite effectively can reduce ammonia loss 49%, but Huang Yimei etc. find in chicken manure and saw During High-Temperature Composting process, zeolite is to NH
3absorption substantially invalid, its reason be heap body in moisture content too high, weaken zeolite to NH
3absorption.Because organic solid castoff fermenting process is complicated, above-mentioned similar approach is reliable and stable not.During industrial also favourable method dilute sulphuric acid absorbs and ammonia, its main technique has spraying and material filling type.There is report to adopt the product such as collapsible film, suspending type biological pad abroad, for covering heap body, reducing ammonia emission in composting process.These techniques need special odor removal, add running cost and complicated operation.
Desulfurated plaster is also known as desulfurized gesso of flue gas, be the trade waste produced in the industrial flue gas desulfurization scavenging process produced afterwards combustion of sulfurous fuel (coal, wet goods), the main component of desulfurated plaster is the terra alba (CaSO containing two crystal water
42H
2o).According to the sulphur content of China's electricity coal, after 2010, nearly hundred million tons of by products will be discharged every year---desulfurated plaster, it is shelved in a large number, not only takies a large amount of land resources, also there is potentially dangerous to ecotope.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discharges the problems such as fertilizer efficiency is not good after more polluted air, fermentation for solving above-mentioned technology to causing ammonia nitrogen in organic solid castoff fermentation treatments, invent a kind of fermentation process of organic solid castoff, while being intended to the quantity discharged of ammonia nitrogen in minimizing organic solid castoff fermenting process, improve the rear fertilizer efficiency of fermentation.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
The fermentation process of organic solid castoff, comprises following operation steps:
(1) getting organic solid castoff is raw material, and regulate C/N ratio to be 20 ~ 35:1, water ratio is 55 ~ 70%;
(2) adding massfraction according to the weight in wet base meter of organic solid castoff raw material in step (1) is that the middle gained organic solid castoff of 5 ~ 15% desulfurated plasters and step (1) is mixed to form heap body, fermentation.
Preferably, the C/N ratio of raw material is regulated mutually to be 20 ~ 35:1 by the organic solid waste with different C/N ratio in step (1).
Preferably, described organic solid waste is at least one in chicken manure, human excrement, downflow sludge, pig manure, cow dung, filter mud of sugar refinery, bacterium rod slag, rubbish, stalk, meadow peat.
Preferably, described rubbish is organic solid castoff rubbish.
Preferably, in step (2), fermentation time is 6 ~ 50d.
Preferably, in step (2), fermentation time is 27 ~ 50d.
Preferably, in fermenting process every 3 ~ 10d to heap body turning or ventilation.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, fermentation process of the present invention, by with the addition of desulfurization cream during the fermentation, can effectively by the NH in fermentation heap body
4 +with SO
4 2-generate ammonium sulfate, and NH
4 +ca can be exchanged
2+deng positively charged ion, N element is fixed in fertilizer the most at last, significantly improves ammonia-nitrogen content in organic solid castoff fermenting process, improves 59.78%, and after organic solid castoff is fermented, gained fertilizer efficiency is better;
2, in organic solid castoff fermenting process, add desulfurated plaster, the recycling to desulfurated plaster can be realized, decrease the processing cost to desulfurated plaster, realize the object of the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another, reduce production cost;
3, because desulfurated plaster significantly can reduce the simplification degree (ESP) of alkali-affected soil, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and pH value, therefore, utilize desulfurated plaster to carry out fermentative processing gained fertilizer to organic solid castoff, the soil function using composting production can be improved;
4, operation is simple for fermentation process of the present invention, and in product, ammonia nitrogen is comparatively stable, and namely obtain the fertilizer of better fertilizer efficiency without the need to adding bacterial classification in fermenting process, further reduces production cost low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that in the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example's fermenting process, heap temperature is schemed over time, wherein CK curve to represent in comparative example's fermenting process heap temperature over time, T curve to represent in the embodiment of the present invention 6 fermenting process heap temperature over time, and Room curve represents the temperature of room temperature under yeasting over time.
Fig. 2 be the embodiment of the present invention 6 with comparative example's fermenting process in pile ammonia-nitrogen content in body and scheme over time, wherein CK curve represents in comparative example's fermenting process and to pile in body ammonia-nitrogen content over time, T curve represents in the embodiment of the present invention 6 fermenting process to pile in body ammonia-nitrogen content over time.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention referring to embodiment, to make those skilled in the art can implement according to this with reference to specification sheets word, scope is not limited by embodiments of the present invention.Organic solid castoff C/N used in embodiment is than by shown in following:
Wherein, stalk has Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf, rice straw, corn stalk etc.
Embodiment 1
Get 20kg bacterium rod slag as raw material, then add 8kg fresh pig manure excrement, to put into volume be that the open fermentation tank of 60L regulates raw material C/N ratio to be 20 ~ 35:1 to the fresh chicken manure of 3kg, controlling water ratio in raw material is 55%, then the desulfurated plaster (namely accounting for 5%) adding 1.6kg fully mixes, form heap body, at room temperature ferment, in fermenting process, carry out a turning or ventilation every 3d, fermentation 6d.
Embodiment 2
Get 15kg filter mud of sugar refinery as raw material, then add the fresh cow dung of 10kg, to put into volume be that the open fermentation tank of 60L regulates raw material C/N ratio to be 20 ~ 35:1 to 1kg Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf (being crushed to < 2cm), controlling water ratio in raw material is 60%, then the desulfurated plaster (namely accounting for 10%) adding 2.6kg fully mixes, form heap body, at room temperature ferment, in fermenting process, carried out a turning or ventilation every 5 days, fermentation 21d.
Embodiment 3
Get 15kg meadow peat as raw material, then add 10kg fresh pig manure excrement, to put into volume be that the open fermentation tank of 60L regulates raw material C/N ratio to be 20 ~ 35:1 for the fresh chicken manure of 10kg, 10g human excrement, 10g downflow sludge, controlling water ratio in raw material is 70%, then the desulfurated plaster (namely accounting for 15%) adding 8.25kg fully mixes, form heap body, at room temperature ferment, in fermenting process, carry out a turning or ventilation every 10d, fermentation 27d.
Embodiment 4
Get 15kg organic solid castoff rubbish as raw material, then add 10kg fresh pig manure excrement, to put into volume be that the open fermentation tank of 60L regulates raw material C/N ratio to be 20 ~ 35:1 for the fresh chicken manure of 10kg, 10g human excrement, 10g downflow sludge, controlling water ratio in raw material is 70%, then the desulfurated plaster (namely accounting for 13%) adding 3.9kg fully mixes, form heap body, at room temperature ferment, in fermenting process, carry out a turning or ventilation every 10d, fermentation 40d.
Embodiment 5
Get 15kg corn stalk (being crushed to < 2cm) as raw material, then adding the fresh chicken manure of 20kg, to put into volume be that the open fermentation tank of 60L regulates raw material C/N ratio to be 20 ~ 35:1, controlling water ratio in raw material is 60%, then the desulfurated plaster (namely accounting for 10%) adding 3.5kg fully mixes, form heap body, at room temperature ferment, in fermenting process, carry out a turning or ventilation every 3d, fermentation 50d.
Embodiment 6
Get 15kg filter mud of sugar refinery as raw material, then the fresh cow dung of 10kg is added, it is that the open fermentation tank of 60L regulates raw material C/N ratio to be 20 ~ 35:1 that 1kg Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf (being crushed to < 2cm) puts into volume, controlling water ratio in raw material is 60%, then the desulfurated plaster (namely accounting for 10%) adding 2.6kg fully mixes, form heap body, at room temperature carry out fermentation 50d, sample in fermenting process, sample time is 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 21, 27, 33, 40, 50d, the abundant turning of every sub-sampling advance row, ensure the homogeneity of heap body aerobic fermentation and sampling.Sample 4 DEG C of preservations, for follow-up ammonia-nitrogen content analysis.
Comparative example:
Get 15kg filter mud of sugar refinery as raw material, then add the fresh cow dung of 10kg, to put into volume be that the open fermentation tank of 60L regulates raw material C/N ratio to be 20 ~ 35:1 to 1kg Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf (being crushed to < 2cm), controlling water ratio in raw material is 60%, form heap body, at room temperature carry out fermentation 50d, sample in fermenting process, sample time is 0,3,6,9,12,15,21,27,33,40,50d, the abundant turning of every sub-sampling advance row, ensures the homogeneity of heap body aerobic fermentation and sampling.Sample 4 DEG C of preservations, for follow-up ammonia-nitrogen content analysis.
With embodiment 6 and comparative example's image data, embodiment 6 is (T), and comparative example is (CK), and every morning period 10 the timing precision type digital display thermometers banked up are in piling body three different positions testing temperatures, average as the heap temperature on the same day, draw accompanying drawing 1; Ammonia-nitrogen content, with Klorvess Liquid extraction-spectrophotometry (People's Republic of China (PRC) state environment protecting standard HJ 634-2012), draws accompanying drawing 2.
As can be seen from accompanying drawing 1, after compost starts to ferment, temperature rises rapidly, 1d can reach 53 DEG C, pliotherm period (more than 50 DEG C) continues 8 days, reach the sanitary index (People's Republic of China's standard " decontamination of human excreta hygienic standard ", GB7959-87) of During High-Temperature Composting.
As can be seen from accompanying drawing 2, ammonia-nitrogen content reduces finally stabilised trend afterwards in first to increase, and in pliotherm period embodiment 6 and comparative example, ammonia-nitrogen content best result Wei 2866.029mg
●kg
-1dM and 1948.527mg
●kg
-1dM, in embodiment 6, ammonia-nitrogen content improves 59.78%.Therefore add desulfurated plaster and can significantly improve ammonia-nitrogen content in heap body, reduce NH
3the N element caused that volatilizees loses, and this is due to NH in heap body
4 +with SO
4 2-generate ammonium sulfate, and NH
4 +ca can be exchanged
2+deng positively charged ion, N element is fixed up.
The aforementioned description to concrete exemplary of the present invention is to illustrate and the object of illustration.These descriptions not want the present invention to be defined as disclosed precise forms, and obviously, according to above-mentioned instruction, can much change and change.The object selected exemplary embodiment and describe is to explain certain principles of the present invention and practical application thereof, thus those skilled in the art can be realized and utilize various different exemplary of the present invention and various different selection and change.Scope of the present invention is intended to limited by claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. a fermentation process for organic solid castoff, is characterized in that, comprises following operation steps:
(1) getting organic solid castoff is raw material, and regulate C/N ratio to be 20 ~ 35:1, water ratio is 55 ~ 70%;
(2) adding massfraction according to the weight in wet base meter of organic solid castoff raw material in step (1) is that the middle gained organic solid castoff of 5 ~ 15% desulfurated plasters and step (1) is mixed to form heap body, fermentation.
2. the fermentation process of organic solid castoff according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the organic solid waste by having different C/N ratio in step (1) regulates mutually the C/N ratio of raw material to be 20 ~ 35:1.
3. the fermentation process of organic solid castoff according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described organic solid waste is at least one in chicken manure, human excrement, downflow sludge, pig manure, cow dung, filter mud of sugar refinery, bacterium rod slag, rubbish, stalk, meadow peat.
4. the fermentation process of organic solid castoff according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described rubbish is organic solid castoff rubbish.
5. the fermentation process of organic solid castoff according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2), fermentation time is 6 ~ 50d.
6. the fermentation process of organic solid castoff according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2), fermentation time is 27 ~ 50d.
7. the fermentation process of organic solid castoff according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in fermenting process every 3 ~ 10d to heap body turning or ventilation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510078833.4A CN104692848A (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2015-02-13 | Fermenting method for organic solid wastes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510078833.4A CN104692848A (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2015-02-13 | Fermenting method for organic solid wastes |
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| CN104692848A true CN104692848A (en) | 2015-06-10 |
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ID=53340448
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| CN201510078833.4A Pending CN104692848A (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2015-02-13 | Fermenting method for organic solid wastes |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105272427A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-01-27 | 天津创世生态景观建设股份有限公司 | Greening waste compost additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN105753541A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-07-13 | 华伟 | Process for preparing activated organic fertilizer from household garbage |
| CN106008113A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽三星化工有限责任公司 | Organic fertilizer for improving dry farmland soil |
| CN107840754A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-27 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Salt-soda soil organic fertilizer of soil granular formation and preparation method thereof can be promoted |
| CN108017465A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-05-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Purification soil and salt-soda soil microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof of pH value can be reduced |
| CN108840740A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-20 | 福建师范大学闽南科技学院 | It is a kind of using dry-process desulfurized ash as the compost method of additive |
| CN108947730A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-07 | 江苏思威博生物科技有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof using cattle manure |
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| JP2000143375A (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2000-05-23 | Taki Chem Co Ltd | Compost |
| EP2149542A2 (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2010-02-03 | Petra Hansen | Method for producing calcium carbonate and ammonium sulphate fertilizer from organic waste and assembly for carrying out the method |
| CN103772070A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-05-07 | 天津绿之本生物科技有限公司 | Special organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, and preparation method thereof |
| CN104250126A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2014-12-31 | 承德润隆食品有限公司 | Corn stalk compost for agaricus bisporus and tunnel fermentation technology thereof |
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2015
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2000143375A (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2000-05-23 | Taki Chem Co Ltd | Compost |
| EP2149542A2 (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2010-02-03 | Petra Hansen | Method for producing calcium carbonate and ammonium sulphate fertilizer from organic waste and assembly for carrying out the method |
| CN103772070A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-05-07 | 天津绿之本生物科技有限公司 | Special organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, and preparation method thereof |
| CN104250126A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2014-12-31 | 承德润隆食品有限公司 | Corn stalk compost for agaricus bisporus and tunnel fermentation technology thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| XIYING HAO ECT.: "The Effect of Phosphogypsum on Greenhouse Gas Emissions during Cattle Manure Composting", 《JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY》 * |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105272427A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-01-27 | 天津创世生态景观建设股份有限公司 | Greening waste compost additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN105753541A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-07-13 | 华伟 | Process for preparing activated organic fertilizer from household garbage |
| CN106008113A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽三星化工有限责任公司 | Organic fertilizer for improving dry farmland soil |
| CN107840754A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-27 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Salt-soda soil organic fertilizer of soil granular formation and preparation method thereof can be promoted |
| CN108017465A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-05-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Purification soil and salt-soda soil microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof of pH value can be reduced |
| CN108840740A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-20 | 福建师范大学闽南科技学院 | It is a kind of using dry-process desulfurized ash as the compost method of additive |
| CN108947730A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-07 | 江苏思威博生物科技有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof using cattle manure |
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