CN104686446A - Phase feeding method of Rex Rabbits - Google Patents
Phase feeding method of Rex Rabbits Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a phase feeding method of Rex Rabbits. The phase feeding method comprises feeding in four phases: a suckling rabbit phase (I), a weanling rabbit phase (II), a growing rabbit phase (III) and a commercial rabbit phase (IV); a Rex Rabbit suckling feed, a young rabbit feed, a growing rabbit feed and a skin nourishing feed are prepared in phases; in a suckling phase, the rabbits are fed in a mother-infant cage and are fed with suckling feed; in other phases, the rabbits are fed in a commercial rabbit cage and are fed with the young rabbit feed, the growing rabbit feed and the skin nourishing feed respectively according to the breeding day-age and the weight. According to the phase feeding method, the feeding in four phases can improve the utilization efficiency of feed resources, reduce the feed costs by 15%, improve the quality of rabbit skins, achieve that the qualified rate of first-class rabbit skins is 30% higher than that of the traditional model, and finally achieve the increasing income of 5-8 yuan per Rex Rabbit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one in a big way, specifically a kind of otter rabbit Phase-feeding method.
Background technology
For a long time, otter rabbit, according to meat rabbit yard feeding pattern, divides lactation and latter two Phase-feeding of wean.In fact, the main purpose that otter rabbit is raised is to provide hide, and meat rabbit is to provide rabbit meat.Research shows, rabbit meat is ripe early than rabbit, and rabbit is ripe after the fast growing period of otter rabbit, and greatly about about 140 ages in days, and rabbit meat is ripe at 90 ages in days.For a long time, deliver for sale about otter rabbit 90 age in days, cause rabbit quality not high, low value skin accounting, up to more than 60%, has a strong impact on the selling price of rabbit, affects the sound development of otter rabbit animal husbandry.Single feed feeding pattern makes nutrition supply can not ensure the growth needs of otter rabbit, and food utilization efficiency is low, exacerbates environmental pollution, influence ecological environment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of otter rabbit Phase-feeding method, to solve the problem proposed in above-mentioned background technology.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
1. an otter rabbit Phase-feeding method, comprises four Phase-feedings, and described four Phase-feedings comprise the steps:
(1) lactation young rabbit (I) stage: young rabbit (I) feeding period of described lactation is 28 days, the young rabbit (I) of described lactation is raised in the young cage of mother, the edible lactation material of the young rabbit (I) of described lactation, the protein ratio of described lactation material is 14-16%, the protein concentration of described lactation material is 17.5-18.5%, and the energy concentration of described lactation material is 2542-2543kcal/kg.
(2) weaned newborn rabbit (II) stage: described weaned newborn rabbit (II) feeding period is 35 days, described weaned newborn rabbit (II) is raised in commodity rabbit-hutch, described weaned newborn rabbit (II) eats young rabbit material, the protein ratio of described young rabbit material is 17-18%, the protein concentration of described young rabbit material is 15-16%, and the energy concentration of described young rabbit material is 2296-2297kcal/kg.
(3) vegetal days (III) stage: described vegetal days (III) feeding period is 28 days, described vegetal days (III) is raised in commodity rabbit-hutch, described vegetal days (III) eats vegetal days material, the protein ratio of described vegetal days material is 19-20%, the protein concentration of described vegetal days material is 14-15%, and the energy concentration of described vegetal days material is 2270-2271kcal/kg.
(4) commodity rabbit (IV) stage: described commodity rabbit (IV) feeding period is 56 days, described commodity rabbit (IV) is raised in commodity rabbit-hutch, described commodity rabbit (IV) is edible supports cladding, the protein ratio of described foster cladding is 20-21%, the protein concentration of described foster cladding is 16-17%, and the energy concentration of described foster cladding is 2722-2723kcal/kg
As the further scheme of the present invention: the protein ratio of described lactation material is 15%, the protein concentration of described lactation material is 18.08%, and the energy concentration of described lactation material is 2542.75kcal/kg.
As the present invention's further scheme: the protein ratio of described young rabbit material is 17.65%, the protein concentration of described young rabbit material is 15.65%, and the energy concentration of described young rabbit material is 2296.33kcal/kg.
As the present invention's further scheme: the protein ratio of described vegetal days material is 19.13%, the protein concentration of described vegetal days material is 14.52%, and the energy concentration of described vegetal days material is 2270.471kcal/kg.
As the present invention's further scheme: the protein ratio of described foster cladding is 20.47%, the protein concentration of described foster cladding is 16.32%, and the energy concentration of described foster cladding is 2722.72kcal/kg.
As the present invention's further scheme: the content of mineral substances of described lactation material comprises: calcium 10g/kg, phosphorus 5g/kg, sodium 2g/kg, chlorine 3g/kg, potassium 6g/kg, iron 100mg/kg, copper 30mg/kg, zinc 35mg/kg, manganese 35mg/kg, iodine 0.2 μ g/kg.
As the present invention's further scheme: the content of mineral substances of described young rabbit material comprises: calcium 10g/kg, phosphorus 5g/kg, sodium 2g/kg, chlorine 3g/kg, potassium 6g/kg, iron 100mg/kg, copper 30mg/kg, zinc 35mg/kg, manganese 35mg/kg, iodine 0.2 μ g/kg.
As the present invention's further scheme: the content of mineral substances of described vegetal days material comprises: calcium 8g/kg, phosphorus 4g/kg, sodium 2g/kg, chlorine 3g/kg, potassium 6g/kg, iron 50mg/kg, copper 10mg/kg, zinc 15mg/kg, manganese 8.5mg/kg, iodine 0.2 μ g/kg.
As the present invention's further scheme: the content of mineral substances of described foster cladding comprises: calcium 4g/kg, phosphorus 2.2g/kg, sodium 2g/kg, chlorine 3g/kg, potassium 6g/kg, iron 50mg/kg, copper 10mg/kg, zinc 5mg/kg, manganese 8.5mg/kg, iodine 0.2 μ g/kg.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: four Phase-feedings can improve feed resource utilization ratio, reduce feed cost 15%; Improve rabbit quality, realize first-class rabbit qualification rate higher than traditional mode 30%, finally realize otter rabbit and only all increase income 5-8 unit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The present invention is from otter rabbit 28 age in days, carry out every other week growing and slaughter determining, from internal organs, tissue deposition, nutrient component, muscle and fur quality four aspects, carry out growth of Rex rabbits to grow and the analysis of electrodeposition substance rule, research, proposing otter rabbit four stage nutriment requirement and production technology, providing scientific basis for implementing otter rabbit Phase-feeding.Respectively 28,35,42,49,56,63,70,84,98,112,126,140,154,168d carries out after full group weighs, choose and grow normal, body weight and carried out butchering and nutriment, digestive function, the analysis of skin and flesh quality determination close to the otter rabbit 8 (male and female half and half) of full group mean body weight, and carried out Gompertz and Logistic models fitting.Result shows:
1. growth of Rex rabbits rule meets Gompertz and Logistic model, with Gompertz model-fitting degree higher (R2 > 0.98).1. otter rabbit body chi and body weight have the correlation (R2 > 0.95) of height, the estimation equation of otter rabbit body weight in 6 monthly ages: buck: y=217.75x-176.22; Female rabbit: y=329.81e0.1706x (unit: body weight y, g; Body length or chest measurement x: ㎝); 2. the growth of the equal energy of Gompertz and Logistic model fine matching bone, fat, muscle and fur, wherein the growth of muscle, bone and skin is higher with Gompertz model-fitting degree; Fat growth is higher with Logistic model-fitting degree; 3. Logistic and Gompertz model all can the growth of each internal organs of the otter of matching preferably rabbit, lung, liver, stomach, small intestine Gompertz model, heart, kidney, large intestine, spleen are better with Logistic models fitting, and the weight range of Other Main Internal Organs is respectively: the heart 1.09 ~ 5.99g, lung 1.47 ~ 10.22g, stomach 5.12 ~ 20.01g, liver 9.71 ~ 75.84g, spleen 0.31 ~ 1.77g, small intestine 9.52 ~ 42.15g, large intestine 9.08 ~ 45.20g, kidney 2.94 ~ 14.77g; 4. the growth at each position of otter rabbit body body has succession, the internal organ preferential growth that the hoof that motion is master, digestion are master, and then be the brain with dysfunction of nervous regulation, trunk and the last growth and maturity of fur, before 140d based on after increasing body length, 140d to increase chest measurement; 5. muscle pH and age in days significant correlation, pHBF is a little more than pHLD; Cooking loss (CL), drip loss (DL) and shearing force (X) increase the change of generation significance with age in days, CL and DL declines with the increase of age in days, X value is the variation tendency of high-low-high, the ultimate pH of rabbit meat after maturation is between 4.0 ~ 4.2, and CL, DL, X value is respectively 38.5% ~ 39.8%, 2.0% ~ 2.4%, 1.83 ~ 3.24 ㎏/㎝ 2; 6. Gompertz and Logistic model all can matching fur quality be with the change of age in days well, and the degree of fitting of fresh hide area (S), Hide thickness is higher with Gompertz model, and Day of inflexion is respectively 65.62,70.20d; Dermatotome intensity degree of fitting is higher with Logistic model, and Day of inflexion is 146.13d.
2. the mensuration of otter rabbit histotrophic nutrition cellulose content uses the cold sample storage product after butchering segmentation, meat, internal organ, skin sample is pulverized in tissue mashing machine, makes air-dry sample for 65 DEG C, pulverize with miniature high-speed Universalpulverizer; The direct 65 DEG C of air-dry rear pulverizing of bone sample.Get the air-dry sample 1.5g made and measure adsorbed water (GB/T5009.3-2003) at 105 DEG C; Take 0.2 ± 0.001g over dry sample and adopt Kjeldahl nitrogen determination crude protein concentration (GB/T 5009.5-2003); Taking 1.0 ± 0.001g over dry sample adopts soxhlet extraction methods to measure crude fat concentration (GB/T 5009.6-2003), calculate the ash levels in over dry sample afterwards, and the calcium phosphorus Chen Ji determining different tissues is bright, utilize measurement result to calculate the content of different nutriments in each tissue, and calculate the concentration of fresh sample Middle nutrition element.Further according to energy content protein 23.8KJ/g, fatty 39.7KJ/g, calculate the average daily energy deposition value of otter rabbit, carried out regression analysis according to live-weight (x) and the deposition (y) of nutrient, structure shows that four models are better.
Propose otter rabbit four stage feeding standard on this basis, standard is as follows:
Different phase otter rabbit expects that manufacturing parameter value is in table 1.
Table 1 different phase otter rabbit expects manufacturing parameter table
| Index | The young rabbit (I) of lactation | Weaned newborn rabbit (II) | Vegetal days (III) | Commodity rabbit (IV) |
| Body weight stage (g) | 50～300 | 300～900 | 900～1500 | 1500～2800 |
| Average weight (g) | 175 | 600 | 1200 | 2150 |
| Feeding period (d) | 28 | 35 | 28 | 56 |
| Average weight increasing a day (g) | 8.93 | 17.14 | 21.43 | 23.22 |
| Average daily feed intake (g) | 20 | 55 | 90 | 110 |
(1) energy
Otter rabbit energy requirement is by maintaining energy demand and sedimentary energy needs to form.According to rabbit basal energy need for metabolic body size 70.5kcal/kg, maintain energy be deposition requirement 2 times of estimations; According to energy content protein 5.69Kcal/g, fatty 9.49Kcal/g, the efficiency that digestible energy changes metabolic energy into is 80%, and the different physiological stage of otter rabbit of calculating daily needs energy value in table 2.
The different physiological stage of table 2 daily needs energy prediction table
Note: upper angle band * person is estimated value.
NRC (1977) recommended amounts is that DE10.46MJ/ ㎏ (amounting to 2499.94kcal/ ㎏), BLAS (1998) recommend the energy demand of growth meat rabbit DE10.04 ~ 11.72MJ/ ㎏ (amounting to 2399.56 ~ 2801.08kcal/ ㎏), and the digestible energy requirement of 18 ~ 42d that BLAS (2004) recommends, 42 ~ 80d stage rabbit is respectively: 2400kcal/ ㎏, 2600kcal/ ㎏; Lanzhou Livestock and Animal Drug Inst., Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Li Hong and Wei Yunxia (2002) sum up in the rabbit diet nutrient component content that forefathers scientific achievement proposes ~ 3 monthly ages of wean, 4 ~ 6 the monthly age rabbit digestible energy requirement be the value of NRC (1977).This result is substantially identical with the result of study of forefathers, but the lactation young rabbit stage is obviously higher, showing that the method can be used for describing the energy requirement of otter rabbit, laying the foundation for setting up otter rabbit system trophism.
(2) protein
Different weight man exempt from protein requirement for maintenance be every day every kg of metabolic body weight digestible crude protein matter be 4.4 grams, the protein requirement estimating table of different phase otter rabbit is in table 3.
The protein requirement estimation of table 3 different phase otter rabbit
This result of study is consistent with the research of (2004) such as Baiyun Feng Mountains, Baiyun Feng Mountain etc. (2004) research is thought, at homenergic (10.46MJ/kg), Deng raw fiber (12.0%), in calcium phosphorus (0.9%, 0.5%) under condition, along with forage protein content is respectively 14.5%, 16.0%, 17.5% improve constantly, auxin response mutants speed of weight increment is accelerated, the protein level that auxin response mutants is suitable for is 16% ~ 17.5%, with (2001) such as high Zhenhuas, Li Fuchang etc. (2002), Wang's equality (2003), Ren Keliang etc. (2004) etc. study the auxin response mutants thought and are suitable for crude protein 18% difference, whether caused by the growth rate difference from different lines otter rabbit, need to be studied further.
(3) other
Amino acid nutrient recommended amounts performs, in table 4 according to the recommended amounts of NRC (1977).The nutrition recommended amounts of mineral matter comprehensively has research data both at home and abroad, and with reference to the relevant data of " rabbit produces and learns " (Li Fuchang edits, 2008), recommendation is in table 5.Vitamin requirement recommended amounts Primary Reference LEBAS F. (2004) data, in table 6.
Table 4 amino acid nutrient recommended amounts (%)
Table 5 mineral matter nutritional recommended amounts
Table 6 vitamin recommended amounts
*
With the above-mentioned nutritional need feeding standard provided for foundation, prepare otter rabbit lactation material, young rabbit material, vegetal days material and foster cladding 4 kinds of feeds stage by stage, under the condition supporting the use female young cage, commodity rabbit-hutch two kinds of rabbit-hutches, young rabbit is raised in the young cage of mother lactation, use lactation material, all the other Phase-feedings, in commodity rabbit-hutch, use young rabbit material, vegetal days material and foster cladding respectively according to raising age in days and body weight, achieve otter rabbit four Phase-feeding.
To those skilled in the art, obviously the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, and when not deviating from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter from which point, all should embodiment be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, scope of the present invention is limited by claims instead of above-mentioned explanation, and all changes be therefore intended in the implication of the equivalency by dropping on claim and scope are included in the present invention.
In addition, be to be understood that, although this specification is described according to embodiment, but not each embodiment only comprises an independently technical scheme, this narrating mode of specification is only for clarity sake, those skilled in the art should by specification integrally, and the technical scheme in each embodiment also through appropriately combined, can form other embodiments that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
Claims (9)
1. an otter rabbit Phase-feeding method, comprises four Phase-feedings, it is characterized in that, described four Phase-feedings comprise the steps:
1) lactation young rabbit (I) stage: young rabbit (I) feeding period of described lactation is 28 days, the young rabbit (I) of described lactation is raised in the young cage of mother, the edible lactation material of the young rabbit (I) of described lactation, the protein ratio of described lactation material is 14-16%, the protein concentration of described lactation material is 17.5-18.5%, and the energy concentration of described lactation material is 2542-2543kcal/kg;
2)weaned newborn rabbit (II) stage: described weaned newborn rabbit (II) feeding period is 35 days, described weaned newborn rabbit (II) is raised in commodity rabbit-hutch, described weaned newborn rabbit (II) eats young rabbit material, the protein ratio of described young rabbit material is 17-18%, the protein concentration of described young rabbit material is 15-16%, and the energy concentration of described young rabbit material is 2296-2297kcal/kg;
3)vegetal days (III) stage: described vegetal days (III) feeding period is 28 days, described vegetal days (III) is raised in commodity rabbit-hutch, described vegetal days (III) eats vegetal days material, the protein ratio of described vegetal days material is 19-20%, the protein concentration of described vegetal days material is 14-15%, and the energy concentration of described vegetal days material is 2270-2271kcal/kg;
4)commodity rabbit (IV) stage: described commodity rabbit (IV) feeding period is 56 days, described commodity rabbit (IV) is raised in commodity rabbit-hutch, described commodity rabbit (IV) is edible supports cladding, the protein ratio of described foster cladding is 20-21%, the protein concentration of described foster cladding is 16-17%, and the energy concentration of described foster cladding is 2722-2723kcal/kg.
2. otter rabbit Phase-feeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the protein ratio of described lactation material is 15%, and the protein concentration of described lactation material is 18.08%, and the energy concentration of described lactation material is 2542.75kcal/kg.
3. otter rabbit Phase-feeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the protein ratio of described young rabbit material is 17.65%, and the protein concentration of described young rabbit material is 15.65%, and the energy concentration of described young rabbit material is 2296.33kcal/kg.
4. otter rabbit Phase-feeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the protein ratio of described vegetal days material is 19.13%, and the protein concentration of described vegetal days material is 14.52%, and the energy concentration of described vegetal days material is 2270.471kcal/kg.
5. otter rabbit Phase-feeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the protein ratio of described foster cladding is 20.47%, and the protein concentration of described foster cladding is 16.32%, and the energy concentration of described foster cladding is 2722.72kcal/kg.
6. otter rabbit Phase-feeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the content of mineral substances of described lactation material comprises: calcium 10g/kg, phosphorus 5 g/kg, sodium 2 g/kg, chlorine 3 g/kg, potassium 6 g/kg, iron 100mg/kg, copper 30mg/kg, zinc 35mg/kg, manganese 35mg/kg, iodine 0.2 μ g/kg.
7. otter rabbit Phase-feeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the content of mineral substances of described young rabbit material comprises: calcium 10g/kg, phosphorus 5 g/kg, sodium 2 g/kg, chlorine 3 g/kg, potassium 6 g/kg, iron 100mg/kg, copper 30mg/kg, zinc 35mg/kg, manganese 35mg/kg, iodine 0.2 μ g/kg.
8. otter rabbit Phase-feeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the content of mineral substances of described vegetal days material comprises: calcium 8g/kg, phosphorus 4 g/kg, sodium 2 g/kg, chlorine 3 g/kg, potassium 6 g/kg, iron 50mg/kg, copper 10mg/kg, zinc 15mg/kg, manganese 8.5mg/kg, iodine 0.2 μ g/kg.
9. otter rabbit Phase-feeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the content of mineral substances of described foster cladding comprises: calcium 4g/kg, phosphorus 2.2g/kg, sodium 2 g/kg, chlorine 3 g/kg, potassium 6 g/kg, iron 50mg/kg, copper 10mg/kg, zinc 5mg/kg, manganese 8.5mg/kg, iodine 0.2 μ g/kg.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105165724A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2015-12-23 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Efficient breeding method for meat rabbits |
| CN109258562A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-25 | 四川省草原科学研究院 | A kind of four stage beaver rabbit seed choosing methods |
| CN109496977A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-22 | 陈强 | A kind of environmentally protective cultural method of ecology meat rabbit |
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| CN103636556A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-03-19 | 四川省蒲军獭兔科技发展有限责任公司 | Breeding method for improving survival rate of rex rabbit cubs |
| CN103829068A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-06-04 | 四川金富家兔育种有限公司 | Rex rabbit feed |
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| CN103829068A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-06-04 | 四川金富家兔育种有限公司 | Rex rabbit feed |
| CN103636556A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-03-19 | 四川省蒲军獭兔科技发展有限责任公司 | Breeding method for improving survival rate of rex rabbit cubs |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105165724A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2015-12-23 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Efficient breeding method for meat rabbits |
| CN109258562A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-25 | 四川省草原科学研究院 | A kind of four stage beaver rabbit seed choosing methods |
| CN109496977A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-22 | 陈强 | A kind of environmentally protective cultural method of ecology meat rabbit |
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