CN104668564A - 3D (Three-Dimensional) printing equipment and 3D printing shaping method utilizing metal wires as raw material - Google Patents
3D (Three-Dimensional) printing equipment and 3D printing shaping method utilizing metal wires as raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104668564A CN104668564A CN201510100766.1A CN201510100766A CN104668564A CN 104668564 A CN104668564 A CN 104668564A CN 201510100766 A CN201510100766 A CN 201510100766A CN 104668564 A CN104668564 A CN 104668564A
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Abstract
The invention discloses 3D (Three-Dimensional) printing equipment and a 3D printing shaping method utilizing metal wires as a raw material. The metal wires are adopted as the raw material, energy is supplied by virtue of arcing, the metal wires are molten and settled in an environment of inert gas protection, and are scanned and accumulated into a specific-shape metal part layer by layer. The 3D printing equipment comprises a 3D printer, wherein the printer comprises a printer head; the 3D printing equipment further comprises an arcing generation device, a hood and an inert gas; the printer head is provided with a metal wire guide tube which is used for positioning the metal wires; the arcing generation device, the printer head and a metal wire guide pipe are positioned in the hood; the hood is filled with the inert gas; the arcing generation device comprises a needle electrode and a substrate. Through performing 3D printing shaping by use of the 3D printing equipment, the shaping method is simple, the raw material is easily available and low in cost, the equipment is relatively low in manufacturing cost and the part cost of 3D printing is lowered; the printing efficiency is high, and practical popularization value is favorable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the 3D printing technique field of metal parts.
Background technology
3D printing technique appears at the mid-90 in 20th century, a kind of rapid shaping technique, and it is a kind of based on mathematical model file, uses powdery metal or plastics etc. can jointing material, is carried out the technology of constructed object by the mode successively printed.
3D prints and there is many different technology.Their difference is in the mode of available material, and builds establishment parts with different layers.3D prints common used material nylon glass, durability nylon material, gypsum material, aluminum, titanium alloy, stainless steel, silver-plated, gold-plated, rubber type of material.
Be raw-material 3D printing technique with metal, developed now multiple, the common ground of these technology, is all use pulverous raw material metal, and is sintered by energy provided by laser.
The 3D printing technique of these metal parts, has forming accuracy high, the advantage of technology maturation, but also has following shortcoming simultaneously:
The value of the parts such as 1, apparatus expensive, particularly laser generator is high, have impact on the cost of parts that 3D prints;
2, raw material are Powdered, and need enough thin, its complex manufacturing, expensive, the price of per kilogram is from hundreds of to several ten thousand;
3, the efficiency of part print procedure is not high, hinders the extensive use of 3D printing technique, can only be used for the manufacture of the peculiar part of special industry.
Through retrieval, in prior art, application number be 201420250363.6 Chinese utility model disclose a kind of metal 3D printer based on arc welding, it comprises pedestal and is arranged on the support on described pedestal, described pedestal is provided with the workbench along X-direction and Y direction movement, described support is provided with welder; Described welder and workbench are each other away from running.The present invention is based on the metal 3D printer of arc welding by arranging the first guide bracket and the second guide bracket on pedestal, the running of the first screw mandrel of wherein arranging and the second screw mandrel is coordinated to complete the action of working panel along Y-axis or X-direction, and by the 3rd screw mandrel that Z-direction is arranged, regulate the distance between welder and working panel, welding wire on plumb joint successively can be welded according to the setting of 3D programming, and then the 3D solid body shapes that formation one is complete, eliminate the material loss that causes in die sinking process and add formed product efficiency, also reduce production cost simultaneously.Application number: the Chinese utility model of 201420184205.5 discloses a kind of novel 3D printing equipment, it relates to printing device technical field, it comprises chassis, hood, printing mechanism, lateral displacement bar, length travel bar, set for this platform, the top on chassis is provided with hood, the two ends of lateral displacement bar are connected with the both sides, inside of hood, and the middle part of lateral displacement bar is connected with printing mechanism, the rear side of printing mechanism is provided with length travel bar, chassis is provided with sets for this platform, it also comprises ventilating fan, gas collection passage, gas collector, gas purifier, air exhaust passage, the top of hood is provided with ventilating fan, one end of gas collection passage is connected with ventilating fan, and the other end of gas collection passage is provided with gas collector, the side, inside of gas collector is provided with gas purifier, and the side of gas collector is provided with air exhaust passage.It can reduce the generation of printer in use poison gas, maintains the healthy of staff, protects environment.Above prior art is not all be that raw material prints metal parts with wire.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, provides a kind of 3D printing device and is raw-material 3D printing-forming method with wire, and it can be that raw material prints metal parts with wire.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of 3D printing device, comprise 3D printer, described 3D printer comprises printer head, and described 3D printing device also comprises arc generating device, hood, inert gas, and described printer head is provided with the wire conduit for positioning metal silk; Described arc generating device, printer head and wire conduit are all positioned at hood, are filled with inert gas in described hood.
Described arc generating device comprises needle electrode and substrate; Described needle electrode is arranged on printer head, and described substrate is positioned at the below of wire conduit and needle electrode.
Described hood connection substrate and hood and substrate surround a confined space; Described printer head, wire conduit, needle electrode are all positioned at this confined space.
Described needle electrode is tungsten pin electrode.
Described 3D printing device also comprises the base plate be positioned at below substrate, described hood connecting bottom board and hood and base plate surround a confined space; Described printer head, wire conduit, needle electrode and substrate are all positioned at this confined space.
The present invention also provides another kind of 3D printing device, comprises 3D printer, and described 3D printer comprises printer head, and described 3D printing device also comprises arc generating device, described printer head is provided with the wire conduit for positioning metal silk; Described arc generating device comprises needle electrode, substrate and can form the inert gas injection apparatus of inert gas barrier at regional area; Described needle electrode is arranged on printer head, and described substrate is positioned at the below of wire conduit and needle electrode.
Described inert gas injection apparatus is arranged on the below of printer head, and the inert gas annular airflow ejected surrounds arc zone, forms protective barrier.
One wire is raw-material 3D printing-forming method, employing wire is raw material, wire is arranged on 3D printer, by being provided with the arc generating device of needle electrode and substrate, between needle electrode and substrate, produce electric arc form arc zone, make one end wiry continuous melting in arc zone, be deposited on substrate, 3D printer, under the control of the computer according to route continuous sweep in same plane that computer program presets, is piled into the thin slice of predetermined shape after molten metal silk is cooled; Then be piled into another layer of thin slice again on the surface of the thin slice piled up, the thin slice through multilayer piles up the metal parts forming predetermined shape.
Whole printing banking process is carried out in the environment of inert gas shielding: closed by printing device hood, in enclosure space, be full of inert gas, or, the inert gas barrier of local is formed in the region that wire fusing is piled up.
Adopt above-mentioned 3D printing device to print, comprise the steps:
A, the part that will print form virtual threedimensional model in a computer, and carry out section conversion, and data are transported in 3D printer;
B, close hood, in hood, inputted inert gas and discharge the inner original air of hood;
C, startup 3D printer, according to slice of data, printer head is driven mobile under the control of the computer by motor, carry out flat scanning;
D, scanning while, between needle electrode and substrate continue produce electric arc, one end wiry is sent in electric arc constantly, melting in electric arc and piling up is laid on substrate, form layer of metal thin slice, its shape is controlled by track while scan, corresponding to ground floor slice of data;
E, printer head automatically on to move or substrate sinks a predetermined height value automatically, re-start the deposit thin slice operation of above-mentioned steps, corresponding to second layer slice of data, two-layer thin slice fuses together;
F, to repeat the operation of deposit thin slice by above-mentioned steps, the thin slice completing whole slice of data is piled up, and form part blank, 3D printer quits work;
G, unlatching hood, in taking-up after part blank cooling, carry out cleaning reconditioning to part blank, obtain the finished part that will print.
Adopting the present invention to carry out 3D printing-forming, can be that raw material prints metal parts with wire, and forming process is simple, and raw material are easily produced, price is low, and equipment comparatively speaking cost is low, thus reduces the cost of parts of 3D printing.Printing effect is high, can be widely used in the manufacture of the various parts of special industry and other industry, is conducive to the extensive use of 3D printing technique, has good practical reference value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structure and the using state schematic diagram of 3D printing device of the present invention.
Wherein: 1, tungsten pin electrode, 2, wire, 3, printer head, 4, the part that will print, 5, substrate, 6, hood, 7, inert gas, 8, electric arc, 9, wire conduit.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of 3D printing device, comprise 3D printer, tungsten pin electrode 1, substrate 5, hood 6, inert gas 7, described printer comprises printer head 3, tungsten pin electrode is arranged on printer head, printer head is provided with the wire conduit 9 for positioning metal silk 2; Hood is connected on substrate, also can be connected to the lateral surface of substrate, adopts sealed connection, makes to form a confined space in hood, and be full of inert gas (as argon gas, helium) in confined space, hood can open and close.Printer head, wire conduit, tungsten pin electrode are all positioned at this confined space.During use, produce electric arc 8 between tungsten pin electrode and substrate, the part 4 that will be printed by 3D printer is printed.Other parts (not marking in figure) except tungsten pin electrode and substrate of arc generating device can be arranged on outside hood.
3D printer, according to the shape of part, is manufactured the cross section that has certain small thickness and given shape at every turn, and then they is successively fused, and obtains the part of the required solid manufactured.Whole process is under computer control, is automatically completed by 3D printer system.Selective laser sintering adopts laser layering sintering solid powder selectively, and the cured layer of sinter molding is layering generate the part of required form.Its whole technical process comprises foundation and data processing, paving powder, sintering and the post processing etc. of cad model.
In existing 3D printer technology, being raw-material with metal, is all adopt metal dust to be raw material, realizes using the shaping part of refractory metal direct sintering.
The present invention can adopt wire to be raw material, provides energy by electric arc, and in the environment of inert gas shielding, by wire melt deposition, and successively scanning is piled into the metal parts of given shape.
One wire is raw-material 3D printing-forming method, for the preparation of part (metal parts), be raw material with wire, raw material can be various metal material or alloy material, pass through arc generating device, electric arc is produced between needle electrode and substrate, one end wiry continuous melting in arc zone, be deposited on substrate, route continuous sweep in same plane that printing device presets according to computer, the thin slice of definite shape is just piled into after the cooling of molten metal silk, printing device is piled into another layer of thin slice again on the surface of this thin slice, thin slice through multilayer piles up the final metal parts entirety forming given shape.Whole banking process needs to carry out in the environment of inert gas shielding, and printing device can be closed, inner chamber is full of highly purified inert gas.
Above-mentioned 3D printing device also can comprise the wire conveying device (as being arranged on printer head) that wire can be sent into continuously arc zone and can make upper moving device that printer head moves.Arc generating device also can comprise the sinking device that substrate can be made to sink, sinking device can be arranged on below substrate, substrate is sunk together with hood, also can adopt between substrate with hood and be flexibly connected substrate when making hood motionless and can sink under sinking device effect; Also can set up base plate below substrate, be connected to by hood on base plate, sinking device is arranged between substrate and base plate.Described wire conveying device, upper moving device and sinking device be all connected to computer and under the control of the computer in whole 3D printing-forming process from the routing motion that action is corresponding.
Above-mentioned 3D printing-forming method, can adopt above-mentioned 3D printing device, be controlled by computer, the course of work of this printing device is as follows:
The part that 1, will print forms virtual threedimensional model in a computer, and carries out section conversion, and data are transported in printer.
2, closed hood, inwardly input inert gas also discharges inner air, and inert gas can be argon gas or helium etc.
3, start printer (i.e. 3D printer), according to slice of data, printer head is driven and movement automatically by motor under computer program controls, the flat scanning of line stabilization speed of going forward side by side.
4, while scanning, continue between tungsten pin electrode and substrate to produce high-temperature electric arc, one end of Metal wire material is sent in electric arc constantly, melting in electric arc and piling up is laid on substrate, finally form layer of metal thin slice, its shape is controlled by track while scan, corresponding to ground floor slice of data.
5, head automatically on to move or substrate sinks a height value determined automatically, re-start the deposit thin slice of previous step, corresponding to second layer slice of data, the shape of thin slice may have certain difference with the thin slice of last time, fuses together completely between two-layer thin slice.
6, constantly repeat deposit thin slice, the thin slice completing whole slice of data is piled up, and a final formation metal solid (part blank), printer quits work.
7, open hood, be cooled in taking-up after certain temperature wait the metal solid be piled into, and necessary cleaning reconditioning is carried out to metal solid, become the metal parts that a 3D prints.
Embodiment two:
The place different from embodiment one is: in above-mentioned 3D printing device, do not use hood and adopt inert gas injection apparatus, described inert gas injection apparatus is arranged on the below of printer head, can eject inert gas annular airflow.
Corresponding; be raw-material 3D printing-forming method with wire; when adopting this 3D printing device to print, not adopt hood, but spray inert gas by inert gas injection apparatus thus melt at wire the inert gas shielding barrier that the region of piling up forms local.Conflict mutually except part except with embodiment one, other guide is identical with embodiment one.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, and any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., be all included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a 3D printing device, comprise 3D printer, described 3D printer comprises printer head, it is characterized in that, described 3D printing device also comprises arc generating device, hood, inert gas, described printer head is provided with the wire conduit for positioning metal silk; Described arc generating device, printer head and wire conduit are all positioned at hood, are filled with inert gas in described hood.
2. 3D printing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described arc generating device comprises needle electrode and substrate; Described needle electrode is arranged on printer head, and described substrate is positioned at the below of wire conduit and needle electrode.
3. 3D printing device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described hood connection substrate and hood and substrate surround a confined space; Described printer head, wire conduit, needle electrode are all positioned at this confined space.
4. 3D printing device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described needle electrode is tungsten pin electrode.
5. 3D printing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the base plate be positioned at below substrate, described hood connecting bottom board and hood and base plate surround a confined space; Described printer head, wire conduit, needle electrode and substrate are all positioned at this confined space.
6. a 3D printing device, comprises 3D printer, and described 3D printer comprises printer head, it is characterized in that, described 3D printing device also comprises arc generating device, described printer head is provided with the wire conduit for positioning metal silk; Described arc generating device comprises needle electrode, substrate and can form the inert gas injection apparatus of inert gas barrier at regional area; Described needle electrode is arranged on printer head, and described substrate is positioned at the below of wire conduit and needle electrode.
7. 3D printing device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described inert gas injection apparatus is arranged on the below of printer head.
8. one kind is raw-material 3D printing-forming method with wire, it is characterized in that, employing wire is raw material, wire is arranged on 3D printer, by being provided with the arc generating device of needle electrode and substrate, between needle electrode and substrate, produce electric arc form arc zone, make one end wiry continuous melting in arc zone, be deposited on substrate, 3D printer, under the control of the computer according to route continuous sweep in same plane that computer program presets, is piled into the thin slice of predetermined shape after molten metal silk is cooled; Then be piled into another layer of thin slice again on the surface of the thin slice piled up, the thin slice through multilayer piles up the metal parts forming predetermined shape.
9. wire according to claim 8 is raw-material 3D printing-forming method; it is characterized in that; whole printing banking process is carried out in the environment of inert gas shielding: closed by printing device hood; inert gas is full of in enclosure space; or, the inert gas shielding barrier of local is formed in the region that wire fusing is piled up.
10. wire according to claim 8 is raw-material 3D printing-forming method, it is characterized in that, adopts the 3D printing device according to any one of claim 1 to 7 to print, comprises the steps:
A, the part that will print form virtual threedimensional model in a computer, and carry out section conversion, and data are transported in 3D printer;
B, close hood, in hood, input inert gas;
C, startup 3D printer, according to slice of data, printer head is driven mobile under the control of the computer by motor, carry out flat scanning;
D, scanning while, between needle electrode and substrate continue produce electric arc, one end wiry is sent in electric arc constantly, melting in electric arc and piling up is laid on substrate, form layer of metal thin slice, its shape is controlled by track while scan, corresponding to ground floor slice of data;
E, printer head automatically on to move or substrate sinks a predetermined height value automatically, re-start the deposit thin slice operation of above-mentioned steps, corresponding to second layer slice of data, two-layer thin slice fuses together;
F, to repeat the operation of deposit thin slice by above-mentioned steps, the thin slice completing whole slice of data is piled up, and form part blank, 3D printer quits work;
G, unlatching hood, in taking-up after part blank cooling, carry out cleaning reconditioning to part blank, obtain the finished part that will print.
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| CN201510100766.1A CN104668564A (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2015-03-09 | 3D (Three-Dimensional) printing equipment and 3D printing shaping method utilizing metal wires as raw material |
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Cited By (12)
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| CN105108146A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-02 | 沈阳海纳鑫科技有限公司 | Process method for conducting additive manufacturing on accessories and parts with precious metal wire materials as raw materials |
| CN105397251A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-16 | 山东大学 | 3D printing device and method for molten metal |
| CN105522264A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-04-27 | 江苏烁石焊接科技有限公司 | Device for 3D printing of high-nitrogen steel products through nitrogen arc and nitride |
| CN106925787A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-07-07 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy electric arc assisted coating increasing material manufacturing system and method |
| CN106984820A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of 3D printing restriction molding servicing unit and its application method |
| CN107557703A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-01-09 | 西华大学 | A kind of method that 3D printing prepares long fiber reinforcement metal-base composites |
| CN107671285A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-02-09 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of composite manufacturing method and device for increasing material based on removing surface and electric arc |
| CN108349002A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2018-07-31 | 碧斯株式会社 | Utilize electric arc and the Method of printing and its device of the oriented energy deposition arc three-dimensional alloyed metal powder of alloyed metal powder core-spun yarn |
| CN109604623A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-12 | 深圳微纳增材技术有限公司 | The quick-fried fuel pulverizing plant of mariages arc |
| CN109746546A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-05-14 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of metal semi-molten accumulation increasing material manufacturing method and apparatus |
| CN110603115A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2019-12-20 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Method for joining laminated molded parts, structure, and laminated molded part |
| CN112895435A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-04 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional forming method and device based on thin sheet base material |
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| CN105108146A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-02 | 沈阳海纳鑫科技有限公司 | Process method for conducting additive manufacturing on accessories and parts with precious metal wire materials as raw materials |
| CN105108146B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-05-25 | 沈阳海纳鑫科技有限公司 | It is a kind of using noble metal silk material as the process of raw material increasing material manufacturing ornaments and component |
| CN108349002A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2018-07-31 | 碧斯株式会社 | Utilize electric arc and the Method of printing and its device of the oriented energy deposition arc three-dimensional alloyed metal powder of alloyed metal powder core-spun yarn |
| CN105397251A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-16 | 山东大学 | 3D printing device and method for molten metal |
| CN105397251B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-08-21 | 山东大学 | A kind of molten metal 3D printing device and Method of printing |
| CN105522264A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-04-27 | 江苏烁石焊接科技有限公司 | Device for 3D printing of high-nitrogen steel products through nitrogen arc and nitride |
| CN106925787B (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2019-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Aluminum alloy arc auxiliary coating additive manufacturing system and method |
| CN106925787A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-07-07 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy electric arc assisted coating increasing material manufacturing system and method |
| CN110603115B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2021-08-10 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Method for joining laminated molded parts, structure, and laminated molded part |
| CN110603115A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2019-12-20 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Method for joining laminated molded parts, structure, and laminated molded part |
| CN106984820A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of 3D printing restriction molding servicing unit and its application method |
| CN106984820B (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2019-08-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of 3D printing restriction molding auxiliary device and its application method |
| CN107557703A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-01-09 | 西华大学 | A kind of method that 3D printing prepares long fiber reinforcement metal-base composites |
| CN107671285A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-02-09 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of composite manufacturing method and device for increasing material based on removing surface and electric arc |
| CN109604623A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-12 | 深圳微纳增材技术有限公司 | The quick-fried fuel pulverizing plant of mariages arc |
| CN109604623B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2024-04-26 | 深圳微纳增材技术有限公司 | Double-wire arc explosion powder making device |
| CN109746546A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-05-14 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of metal semi-molten accumulation increasing material manufacturing method and apparatus |
| CN109746546B (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2020-08-04 | 上海交通大学 | Metal semi-molten stacking additive manufacturing method and equipment |
| CN112895435A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-04 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional forming method and device based on thin sheet base material |
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Application publication date: 20150603 |