CN104664052A - Novel functional biological feed production process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel functional biological feed production process. Raw materials of corns, bean meal and the like are partly subjected to enzymolysis, wherein 1/3 of proteins are converted into small peptides by enzymolysis, more than one half of starch is decomposed into monosaccharides of fructose, glucose and the like, the small peptides and the monosaccharides can be directly absorbed and utilized by animal bodies. Each of resistance factor urease, pectin, phytic acid and cellulose in a prepared feed is reduced by about 70%; globulins 7S and 11S of soyabean protein sensitization factors are reduced by about 50%, so that the prepared feed is suitable for being used as a feedstuff in the mouth-open period and a creep feed of young animals, an aquaculture bait as well as a nutrient source of animals the in pregnancy and the lactation period. The biological feed provided by the invention has the advantages of being easy to absorb, capable of reducing the animal diarrhea rate and improving the palatability, simple in production process, small in investment, low in cost, and suitable for large-scale production and popularization.

Description

New type functional biological feedstuff production technology

Technical field

Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of new type functional biological feedstuff preparation method, belongs to field of animal feed.

Background technology

Protein mainly vegetable protein in current feed, molecular weight is large, usually between several ten thousand to hundreds of thousands, not easily digested and assimilated completely by the digested organ of animal body, especially the digestive organs of poult poultry are not yet sound, digest and assimilate protein more difficult, easily cause swine alimentary canal allergic reaction as 7S, 11S globulin in dregs of beans albumen and produce diarrhoea (Yao Kun etc., 2011; Liu Haiyan etc. 2011; Old middle equality 2011); Aquiculture animal alimentary canal is shorter than mammal, and more incomplete to digesting and assimilating of protein, the latter's major part excretes along with ight soil, not only wastes resource but also pollute water body.Therefore, need to carry out Partial digestion to promote digesting and assimilating of nutriment to the nutriment in raising in vitro.

Except containing except the nutriment such as protein, starch in feed; the normal SNSP that also contains increases intestinal contents viscosity as the resistance factor such as various hemicellulose (xylan, beta glucan, mannosan), phytic acid, pectin, affects animal and digests and assimilates feed is mesotrophic.Many scholar's research are added exogenous enzymes and are increased animal to the absorption of nutrition in feed.He Wanling etc. (crude fibre complex enzyme is on the impact [J] of meat chicken production performance, digestive enzyme activity agent immunologic function. Chinese grain and oil journal, 2010,25 (8): 65-69) production performance of AA broiler chicken is facilitated after adding crude cellulase in AA daily ration of broiler, reduce feedstuff-meat ratio, and improve digestive enzyme activity in alimentary canal and serum.In addition, Microbe Fermented Soybean Meal has also become the study hotspot of numerous scholar in recent years.Wu Shenghua etc. (many thalline solid fermentation dregs of beans produces small peptide feed [J]. food and fermentation industries, 2008,34 (10): 113-115) use saccharomycetes to make fermentation dregs of beans, in dregs of beans, trypsin ihhibitor degradation rate reaches 56.2%, and little peptide content improves 3-4 doubly.Old middle equality (research [J] of aspergillus oryzae fermented bean dregs trophism. Chinese herding magazine, 2011,47(9): 40-44) adopt aspergillus oryzae solid state fermentation process dregs of beans, reduce large, middle molecule protein matter level, improve the level of little peptide and free amino acid, effectively eliminate ANFs and the antigen protein of dregs of beans, improve the nutritive value of dregs of beans, but fermentation after amount of substrate, total protein and 5.14%, 3.06% and 3.86% can be have lost respectively.Song etc. (Fermentation of soybean meal and its inclusion in diets for weaned pigs reduced diarrhea and mensures of immunoreacitivity in the plasma [J]. Animal feed science and technlolgy [J]. 2010,159:41-49) to feed piglet with fungus and bacterium combined ferment dregs of beans, reduce diarrhea rate, improve feed conversion rate, infer and may be reduction of in dregs of beans the reason causing pig to produce immunoreactive macro-molecular protein.

Chinese patent 201410277974.4 discloses the preparation method of a broad sow specific enzyme solution corn Silage, it is characterized in that step is as follows: 1. by the corn ear crushing and beating with dressing, the obtained corn ear mixing slurry containing corn kernel, dressing and corncob; 2. be that 100:1 ~ 500:0.1 ~ 5:0.05 ~ 2.5:0.05 ~ 2.5:1 ~ 50 mixes by water, molasses, cellulase, zytase, pectase and mixed bacteria liquid according to weight ratio, obtained enzymolysis liquid, containing lactic acid bacteria culturers liquid, Bacillus subtilis strain liquid and S. cervisiae strain liquid in mixed bacteria liquid; 3. corn ear being mixed slurry, enzymolysis liquid and wheat bran according to weight ratio is that 100:1 ~ 15:2 ~ 30 mix rear heap buried compacting, carries out anaerobic fermentation, enzymolysis, obtained enzymolysis corn Silage.Its enzymolysis corn Silage made, it is rich in soluble polysaccharide, lactic acid, little peptide, amino acid, vitamin and probio, there is the features such as the abundant balance of amino acid, nutrition are high, easy to digest, good palatability, milk yield of sow can be significantly improved, obvious increase feed intake, and significantly reduce prevention of sow constipation.

Although scholars have carried out large quantity research, be also not difficult to find shortcoming wherein and deficiency:

Although 1, with the addition of various enzyme preparation in feed, enzyme and substrate-function must have water, can not to carry out enzyme digestion reaction in the dry state.When generally only having short 3-4h to excreting with ight soil after feed under animals eat, the effect of external enzyme therefore can not be given full play to.

2, in general enzyme digestion reaction (concentration of substrate about 10%) under liquid condition generally needs 4-8h substantially to complete, and solid phase enzymolysis (water content about 50%) needs 6-10h just can reach enzyme digestion reaction balance.

Although 3, Microbe Fermented Soybean Meal can become polypeptide and little peptide for Partial digestion soybean protein, and the part nutrition resistance factor of degrading, also there is distinct disadvantage.

(1) production cycle is long, adds that bacterial classification prepares required time, whole production cycle 4-5 days;

(2) floor space is large, and fermented bean dregs ferments usually in cement pit, as fed intake 1 batch every day, then needs 4-5 large-scale cement pond; As fed intake 2 batches every day, then need 8-10 large-scale cement pond.Output is larger, and cement pit is more;

(3) labour intensity is large, and production efficiency is low;

(4) consume substrate, consumed energy in microbial growth process, cause the waste of resource.

Summary of the invention

Not enough for existing technique, the invention provides following technique and invent;

1, get certain mass corn flour, add aqueous dispersion, make Maize meal concentration be 5%-30%, adjust the temperature to 50 DEG C-70 DEG C, pH 4.0-8.0, add amylase 10-50 u/g, enzymolysis 30-10 0min, is negative adjustment pH3.0-7.0 to iodine test starch reaction, adds carbohydrase 50-300 u/g, enzymolysis 5-24h, slag liquid is separated, and slag is germ protein and maize peel, integrates with 2 powders and carries out solid phase enzymolysis, liquid carries out being concentrated into solid concentration and reaches 30%-60%, is HFCS.

2, get and 1 equivalent corn flour and bean cake powder, then the slag charge adding separation in 1 mixes.

3, get pure water, quality is the 40%-80% of 2 mixed powders (not containing slag charge) gross mass, is equally divided into 2 parts.Wherein compound protease (1398 neutral proteinases: 2709 alkali proteases=1:2-5) dispersion is dissolved in wherein by 1 part, and addition is the 0.5%-5.0% of mixture quality, as enzyme liquid 1; Be dissolved in another part of water by amylase, carbohydrase, pectase, phytase, cellulase dispersion, addition is amylase 10-50 u/g; Carbohydrase 50-300 u/g; Pectase 50-100 g/t; Phytase 50-100 g/t; Cellulase 10-100 g/t, as enzyme liquid 2.

4, enzyme liquid in 31,2 is evenly sprayed in compound 2, after fully stirring evenly, add solid phase enzymolysis device, 30-50 DEG C of constant temperature, airtight, low rate mixing enzymolysis 6-10 h.

5, enzymolysis compound is carried out drying, evenly add the HFCS obtained in 1 before dry, baking temperature 100-140 DEG C, get product new function feed.

Biological feedstuff feature prepared by the present invention and effect:

1, oligopeptide content is high.Protein content about 20% in feed, the wherein oligopeptide of 1/3 about about the 7.5% molecular weight < 2kd directly absorbed for poultry, 1/3 is the polypeptide of molecular weight > 2kd, can exempt the difficult problem that affect because digestive organs are unsound or short protein digestibility absorption for immature poultry and aquaculture.

2, contents of monosaccharides is high.In feed starch-containing more than 50%, wherein 25%-30% is the immature livestock and poultry fructose that can directly absorb and glucose, and mouthfeel is sweeter.

3, good palatability.In feed there is Maillard reaction in monose and oligopeptide under pneumatic conveying drying 110 DEG C of-140 DEG C of instantaneous high-temperature, and produce special fragrant and sweet smell and mouthfeel, palatability is good especially, can increase animal feed intake.

4, the nutrition resistance factor is low.After measured, 7S and the 11S content in urase, the trypsin-resistant factor, pectin, phytic acid, cellulose and glycinin all reduces about 70% than before enzymolysis to product, greatly improves feed absorption rate, reduces feedstuff-meat ratio.

5, be applicable to poult opening material and creep feed, reduce usage ratio gradually along with the poult poultry monthly age increases, poult can be made to raise safety spends stress the phase, and significantly reduce the intestinal intolerance reaction that 7S and 11S dregs of beans globulin causes and the diarrhoea caused.

6, output is large, can 24h continuous seepage, and enzymolysis realizes on-line automatic control, production line output can reach produce per year thousands of to more than 100,000 tons.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1: the flow sheet producing 20000 tons of new type functional feeds per year

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment is further detailed the present invention below, but the invention is not restricted to these experimental examples.

the laboratory preparation technology of embodiment 1 new type functional feed

(1) get 40 order-60 order corn flour 100g, add water to 1000ml, make concentration of substrate be 10%, be warming up to 50 DEG C, adjust pH5.0, add amylase 700u, stir enzymolysis 40min, to iodine test inspection starch negative (brown), temperature regulating 55 DEG C, pH4.0, add carbohydrase 3500u, stir saccharification 6h, centrifugally carry out the separation of slag liquid, liquid is concentrated into solid content about 35% through rotary evaporation, be HFCS, slag specimen (maize germ and maize peel) is separated for subsequent use.

(2) get 40 order-60 order corn flour 100g, 40 order-60 order bean cake powder 90g mix, and reenter slag in (1) and mix.

(3) fetch water 76ml, is divided into two parts, gets compound protease (1398 neutral proteinases: 2709 alkali proteases=1:2-5) 0.36 g dispersing and dissolving in wherein 1 part of water, as enzyme liquid 1; Get amylase 700u, carbohydrase 3500u, pectase 9.5mg, phytase 9.5mg, cellulase 5mg dispersion dissolve in another part of water, as enzyme liquid 2.

(4) under agitation sprayed in compound (2) by enzyme liquid in 31,2, be fully uniformly mixed, put into self-control solid phase enzymolysis device, 40 DEG C of constant temperature stir enzyme digestion reaction 6h.

(5) take out (4) zymolyte, under agitation spray into HFCS in (1), put into 110 DEG C of-120 DEG C of constant temperature blast drying ovens after mixing and dry, pulverize and be new function feed.

embodiment 2 new function feed nutrient is analyzed

Carry out Analysis of Nutritive Composition in new function feed obtained in embodiment 1, peptide content measures the assay method with reference to peptide content in GB/T 22492-2008 " soy peptide powder ", and peptide content is 6.67%; Content of reducing sugar measures the method with reference to the reduced sugar titration Fehling's reagent in GB/T 15038-2006 " grape wine, fruit wine universaling analysis method ", and content of reducing sugar is 15.12%; Urease activity measures with reference to GB/T 8622-2006 the assay method of urease activity " in the feed bean product ", and functional fodder urease activity is 0.035U/g, and comparatively control group have dropped 76.67%; Pectin measures the mensuration with reference to NY 82.11-1988 fruit juice assay method-pectin, and in functional feed, pectin content is 3.85%, and comparatively control group reduces 70.63%; The mensuration of phytic acid adopt ferric trichloride titration (Xiao Chuanhao, Chen Laicheng. the method [J] of fast and convenient mensuration phytic acid. print during chemical industry, 24(8): 66-68.), in functional feed, phytic acid content is 0.40%, and comparatively control group reduces 65.85%; Fiber content measures with reference to GB/T 6434-2006 " in feed coarse-fibred assay ", and in functional feed, crude fiber content is 1.89%, and comparatively control group reduces 66.25%; Adopt soy proteinaceous sensitizing factor 7S, 11S globulin in ELISA brake feed, comparatively control group reduces by 69.32%.

the pilot plant production process of embodiment 3 new type functional feed

(1) get 40 order corn flour 100kg, put into reactor, add water 660 kg, make concentration of substrate be 15%, be warming up to 55 DEG C, adjust pH6.0, add amylase 1,400,000 u, stir enzymolysis 60 about min, to iodine test inspection starch negative (brown), adjustment temperature 60 C, pH4.5, adds carbohydrase 7,000,000 u, stir enzymolysis 10h, centrifugation, liquid is concentrated into solid content 45% through decompression evaporator, i.e. HFCS, solid phase slag is for next step process.

(2) get 40 order corn flour 100kg, 40 order bean cake powder 100kg mix, then are mixed into solid phase slag in 1, mix.

(3) fetch water, quality is the gross mass 50% of corn flour and bean cake powder, i.e. 100kg, is divided into 2 parts, every part of 50kg.

(4) getting compound protease (1398 neutral proteinases: 2709 alkali proteases=1:2-5) 0.64kg dispersion dissolves in wherein in 1 part of water; Get amylase 1,750,000 u, carbohydrase 7,000,000 u, pectase 15g, phytase 15g, cellulase 10g dispersion dissolve in another part of water.

(5) two kinds of enzyme liquid are under agitation sprayed in compound (2), be fully uniformly mixed, put into solid phase enzymolysis device 45 DEG C of constant temperature and stir enzymolysis 8h.

(6) zymolyte enters pneumatic drier, and spray in hothouse and powder combination drying by HFCS in (1), in cyclone collector, powder is new function feed.

the clinical animal experiment of embodiment 4 biological feedstuff

Choose the identical or close weanling pig of kind, parity and body condition 40, be equally divided into two groups, often organize 20, be divided into experimental group and blank group.Control group adopts Corn-soybean-fish meal type basal diet, and formula Design is with reference to NRC (1998); Test group adds biological feedstuff prepared by the present invention by albumen and energy level, substitutes the corn in basal diet and dregs of beans completely.The feeding environment of duration of test two groups of animals used as test, raise competence, epidemic preventing sanitary condition are identical, free choice feeding and drinking-water, feed continuously 40 days.Result of the test is as shown in table 1, show test group of animals feedstuff-meat ratio level and Incidence of Diarrhea all comparatively control group there occurs remarkable decline (p < 0.05).3 repetitions are carried out in this test.

table 1 Growth Performance of Weaning Piglets

Table 1 Growth performance of weaned piglets

Above-mentioned detailed description is illustrating for one of them possible embodiments of the present invention, and this embodiment is also not used to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and the equivalence that all the present invention of disengaging do is implemented or changed, and all should be contained in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. produce a method for functional feed, with corn flour and bean cake powder for raw material, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

A, corn flour add aqueous dispersion, and interpolation amylase and carbohydrase carry out difference enzymolysis successively, and slag liquid is separated, and carry out evaporation and concentration to liquid phase and obtain HFCS, slag specimen solid phase is maize germ and skin;

B, fully to mix with the corn flour and bean cake powder of a equivalent, then mix to obtain compound with slag solid in a;

C, by water-soluble for compound protease (1398 neutral proteinases: 2709 alkali proteases) enzyme liquid 1; Enzyme liquid 2 is obtained again by separately water-soluble to amylase, carbohydrase, pectase, phytase, cellulase;

D, enzyme liquid 1 in c and enzyme liquid 2 under agitation to be sprayed in b compound, mix rear constant temperature and stir enzymolysis;

After e, enzymolysis terminate, under agitation spray into gained HFCS in a, drying, pulverizing, packing, obtain new bio feed.

2. the method for functional feed is produced by claim 1, it is characterized in that in a, corn flour amount of water is 3-20 times of corn flour quality, reaction temperature 50 DEG C-70 DEG C, pH is adjusted to 5.0-8.0, amylase addition 10-50 u/g, enzymolysis time 30-100 min adjusts pH3.0-7.0 after iodine test starch reaction is feminine gender, add carbohydrase 50-300u/g, enzymolysis 5-24 h, then the separation of slag liquid is carried out, liquid phase is carried out evaporation and concentration and is reached 30%-60% to solid content, is HFCS, and solid phase slag specimen is maize germ and skin.

3. be the method for raw material production functional feed by corn flour according to claim 1 and bean cake powder, it is characterized in that in above-mentioned b, corn flour and bean cake powder mass ratio are 1.0-1.5:1.0.

4. be the method for raw material production functional feed by corn flour according to claim 1 and bean cake powder, it is characterized in that the water addition described in above-mentioned c is the 40%-80% of corn flour and bean cake powder mixture quality; Water intaking is divided into 2 parts, and wherein 1 part adds compound protease (containing 1398 neutral proteinases: 2709 alkali proteases=1:2-5) and fully dissolves, and addition is corn flour and bean cake powder gross mass 0.5%-5.0%; Add amylase, carbohydrase, pectase, phytase, cellulase in another part of water, dosage is respectively amylase 10-50 u/g, carbohydrase 50-300 u/g, pectase 50-150g/t, phytase 50-150 g/t, cellulase 10-100g/t.

5. be the method for raw material production functional feed by corn flour according to claim 1 and bean cake powder, it is characterized in that in above-mentioned d, the enzyme liquid in c under agitation being sprayed in b compound, solid phase enzymolysis device is put into, 30 DEG C-55 DEG C constant temperature low rate mixing enzymolysis 6-10h after mixing.

6. be the method for raw material production functional feed by corn flour according to claim 1 and bean cake powder, it is characterized in that in above-mentioned e, baking temperature is 100-140 DEG C, evenly sprays into HFCS before it is dried, in finished product, HFCS amount content is 15.0%-40.0%.