CN104662786A - 充电装置 - Google Patents

充电装置 Download PDF

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CN104662786A
CN104662786A CN201380048539.8A CN201380048539A CN104662786A CN 104662786 A CN104662786 A CN 104662786A CN 201380048539 A CN201380048539 A CN 201380048539A CN 104662786 A CN104662786 A CN 104662786A
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charging
storage battery
charging device
outlet side
charge path
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石井敏挥
平井卓哉
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H02M1/126—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output using passive filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
    • B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
    • B60L2270/147—Emission reduction of noise electro magnetic [EMI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/022—
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

本发明通过消除绕回到充电装置的输出侧的噪声分量，使充电装置的输出稳定。充电装置(100)使用由外部电源(20)提供的电力对蓄电池(30)充电。充电单元(102)具有一次线圈(150)和二次线圈(151)，将由外部电源(20)提供的电力转换为充电电力，并将充电电力提供给蓄电池(30)。噪声消除单元(103)消除由充电单元(102)提供给蓄电池(30)的充电电力中包含的噪声分量。

Description

充电装置
技术领域
本发明涉及使用由外部电源提供的电力对蓄电池充电的充电装置。
背景技术
以往，已知有将噪声消除用的Y电容器插入到设置在与外部电源连接的电源连接器和充电器之间的交流输入电路中的车载用充电装置(例如，专利文献1)。在专利文献1的车载用充电装置中，通过设置了Y电容器，能够消除由外部电源提供的交流电中包含的各种噪声分量。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开第2009-240016号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
然而，专利文献1中不具有消除充电器与电池之间的噪声分量的结构。因此，专利文献1中，搭载于车辆的蓄电池中包含的L分量和C分量、以及连接充电器与蓄电池的布线中包含的L分量和C分量，有可能作为噪声分量绕回到充电器的输出侧。此时，专利文献1中存在充电装置的输出不稳定的问题。
本发明的目的在于，提供通过消除绕回到充电装置的输出侧的噪声分量，能够使充电装置的输出稳定的充电装置。
解决问题的方案
本发明的充电装置使用由外部电源提供的电力对蓄电池充电，具有：充电单元，其将由所述外部电源提供的电力转换为充电电力，并将所述充电电力提供给蓄电池；以及噪声消除单元，其消除由所述充电单元提供给所述蓄电池的所述充电电力中包含的噪声分量。
发明的效果
根据本发明，通过消除绕回到充电装置的输出侧的噪声分量，能够使充电装置的输出稳定。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明实施方式1中的充电系统的结构的图。
图2是表示本发明实施方式1中的噪声消除单元的结构的图。
图3是表示本发明实施方式2中的噪声消除单元的结构的图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图详细说明本发明的实施方式。
(实施方式1)
〈充电系统的结构〉
使用图1说明本发明实施方式1中的充电系统10的结构。
充电系统10主要由外部电源20、蓄电池30和充电装置100构成。
外部电源20是商用电源，其连接到充电装置100时，对充电装置100提供交流电。外部电源20通过高电位的输入侧充电路径r1和低电位的输入侧充电路径r4连接到充电装置100。外部电源20是用于对诸如HEV(HybridElectric Vehicle，混合动力汽车)、PEV(Plug-in Electric Vehicle，插电式电动汽车)或EV(Electric Vehicle，电动汽车)等以蓄电池的电力行驶的汽车(以下，记为“电动汽车”)中搭载的蓄电池30充电的充电站的电源。另外，通过外部电源20侧未图示的充电插头连接到充电装置100未图示的充电插口，外部电源20连接到充电装置100。
蓄电池30储存经由充电装置100由外部电源20提供的电力。蓄电池30通过高电位的输出侧充电路径r2和低电位的输出侧充电路径r3连接着充电装置100。蓄电池30例如搭载于电动汽车中。而且，蓄电池30例如对于电动汽车中搭载的电动机提供所储存的电力来驱动电动机。
充电装置100使用外部电源20提供的电力对蓄电池30充电。另外，关于充电装置100的结构的细节，将在后面说明。
充电装置100和蓄电池30例如搭载于电动汽车中。
〈充电装置的结构〉
使用图1说明本发明实施方式1的充电装置100的结构。
充电装置100主要由噪声消除单元101、充电单元102和噪声消除单元103构成。
噪声消除单元101比充电单元102靠近外部电源20侧，相对于输入侧充电路径r1和输入侧充电路径r4并联地连接。噪声消除单元101具有Y电容器152、153。噪声消除单元101将Y电容器152和Y电容器153之间接地。噪声消除单元101消除由外部电源20对充电单元102提供的交流电中包含的噪声分量。
充电单元102具有一次线圈150和二次线圈151。充电单元102使用一次线圈150和二次线圈151，将由外部电源20提供的电力转换为充电电力，将转换后的充电电力提供给蓄电池30。一次线圈150接受由外部电源20提供的电力。二次线圈151在一次线圈150接受了外部电源20提供的电力时与一次线圈150电磁耦合。二次线圈151将通过与一次线圈150电磁耦合所感应出的电力作为充电电力提供给蓄电池30。充电电力通过输出侧充电路径r2和输出侧充电路径r3，在充电单元102与蓄电池30之间传输。
在外部电源20为家用插座等普通电源时，充电单元102将由外部电源20提供的交流电转换为直流电，将转换后的直流电作为充电电力提供给蓄电池30。
噪声消除单元103设置在充电单元102和蓄电池30之间。噪声消除单元103相对于输出侧充电路径r2和输出侧充电路径r3并联地连接。噪声消除单元103消除由充电单元102向蓄电池30提供的充电电力中包含的噪声分量。具体而言，噪声消除单元103消除二次线圈151对蓄电池30提供的充电电力中包含的噪声分量。
设置噪声消除单元103的目的是为了消除由于使蓄电池30、噪声消除单元103、二次线圈151、输出侧充电路径r2、输出侧充电路径r3处于电浮置状态而无法消除的噪声。另外，关于噪声消除单元103的结构的细节，将在后面说明。
这里，包括蓄电池30、噪声消除单元103、二次线圈151、输出侧充电路径r2和输出侧充电路径r3的区域e1与周围绝缘。即，区域e1处于电浮置状态。使区域e1处于电浮置状态的理由是，电动汽车所搭载的蓄电池与以往的汽油车所搭载的蓄电池相比积蓄高电压的电力，为了避免接触到蓄电池的高电位部分和例如车辆的车身的用户触电。另一方面，使区域e1处于电浮置状态时，无法使包含在区域e1中的蓄电池和各装置连接到稳定的地(ground，例如，汽车的车身)。其结果是无法充分将噪声释放至地，噪声绕回到充电单元的输出侧。为此，在本实施方式的充电装置100中，通过设置噪声消除单元103，即使在区域e1处于电浮置状态时，也能够切实地消除噪声。
〈噪声消除单元的结构〉
使用图2说明本发明实施方式1中的噪声消除单元103的结构。
噪声消除单元103具有Y电容器201和Y电容器202。
Y电容器201串联地插入到连接输出侧充电路径r2和地G1的连接线203。
Y电容器202串联地插入到连接输出侧充电路径r3和地G1的连接线204。
Y电容器201与Y电容器202的中点Q1和地G1连接。地G1例如为未图示的车辆的车身。
作为Y电容器201和Y电容器202，选择其电容值能够消除根据输出侧充电路径r2的布线长度或输出侧充电路径r3的布线长度而变化的噪声的电容器。其理由是，由于根据输出侧充电路径r2的布线长度或输出侧充电路径r3的布线长度，成为噪声的输出侧充电路径r2或输出侧充电路径r3的L分量或C分量变化。
〈实施方式1的效果〉
本实施方式中，通过设置消除由充电单元提供给蓄电池的充电电力中包含的噪声分量的噪声消除单元，从而消除绕回到充电装置的输出侧的噪声分量。由此，根据本实施方式，能够使充电装置的输出稳定。
此外，根据本实施方式，通过设置由消除充电单元提供给蓄电池的充电电力中包含的噪声分量的噪声消除单元，从而能够切实地消除由于使包括蓄电池30、噪声消除单元103、二次线圈151、输出侧充电路径r2和输出侧充电路径r3的区域e1处于电浮置状态而无法消除的噪声。
(实施方式2)
除了设置噪声消除单元303取代噪声消除单元103以外，本发明实施方式2中的充电系统和充电装置具有与图1相同的结构，故省略其说明。
〈噪声消除单元的结构〉
使用图3说明本发明实施方式2中的噪声消除单元303的结构。
噪声消除单元303具有Y电容器401、Y电容器402、电阻403和电阻404。
Y电容器401串联地插入到连接输出侧充电路径r2和地G2的连接线405。
Y电容器402串联地插入到连接输出侧充电路径r3和地G2的连接线406。
电阻403在连接线405中串联地插入到输出侧充电路径r2和Y电容器401之间。电阻403是为了防止电流急剧地提供给Y电容器401而设置的。
电阻404在连接线406中串联地插入到输出侧充电路径r3和Y电容器402之间。电阻404是为了防止电流急剧地提供给Y电容器402而设置的。
Y电容器401和Y电容器402的中点Q2连接到地G2。地G2例如为未图示的车辆的车身。
作为Y电容器401和Y电容器402，选择其电容值能够消除根据输出侧充电路径r2的布线长度或输出侧充电路径r3的布线长度而变化的噪声的电容器。其理由与上述实施方式1相同。
〈实施方式2的效果〉
在本实施方式中，通过在噪声消除单元303中将电阻串联地插入到Y电容器和输出侧充电路径之间，从而能够防止电流急剧地提供给Y电容器。由此，根据本实施方式，在上述实施方式1的效果的基础上，还能够防止因电流急剧地提供给Y电容器而产生的噪声，能够防止因噪声消除单元303产生的噪声绕回到充电单元的输出侧而使充电装置的输出不稳定。
〈所有实施方式的通用变形例〉
虽然上述实施方式1和实施方式2中，将充电装置100设置在电动汽车中，但也可将充电装置100设置在电动汽车以外的车辆中，或者设置在车辆以外的搭载蓄电池的装置中。
此外，虽然上述实施方式1和实施方式2中，使用Y电容器消除了绕回到充电单元的输出侧的噪声，但也可通过使用Y电容器以外的X电容器或者使用公共线圈等其他方法，消除绕回到充电单元的输出侧的噪声。
2012年9月19日申请的特愿2012-205677的日本申请中包含的说明书、附图以及说明书摘要的公开内容全部引用于本申请。
工业实用性
本发明的充电装置适合使用由外部电源提供的电力对蓄电池充电的情况。
标号说明
10 充电系统
20 外部电源
30 蓄电池
100 充电装置
101、103 噪声消除单元
102 充电单元
150 一次线圈
151 二次线圈
152、153Y 电容器
e1 区域
r1 输入侧充电路径
r2 输出侧充电路径
r3 输出侧充电路径
r4 输入侧充电路径

Claims (5)

1.充电装置，使用由外部电源提供的电力对蓄电池充电，具有：
充电单元，其将由所述外部电源提供的电力转换为充电电力，并将所述充电电力提供给蓄电池；以及
噪声消除单元，其消除由所述充电单元提供给所述蓄电池的所述充电电力中包含的噪声分量。
2.如权利要求1所述的充电装置，
所述充电单元具有：
一次线圈，其接受由所述外部电源提供的电力；以及
二次线圈，其与所述蓄电池一起处于电浮置状态，将通过与所述一次线圈电磁耦合所感应出的电力作为所述充电电力，提供给所述蓄电池，
所述噪声消除单元消除由所述二次线圈提供给所述蓄电池的所述充电电力中包含的噪声分量。
3.如权利要求1所述的充电装置，还具有：
一对输出侧充电路径，其从所述充电单元向所述蓄电池传输所述充电电力，
所述噪声消除单元具有Y电容器，其设置在连接所述一对输出侧充电路径各自与地线的连接线中。
4.如权利要求1所述的充电装置，还具有：
一对输出侧充电路径，其从所述充电单元向所述蓄电池传输所述充电电力，
所述噪声消除单元具有：
Y电容器，其设置在连接所述一对输出侧充电路径各自与地线的连接线中；以及
电阻，其在所述连接线中串联地插入到所述Y电容器与所述一对输出侧充电路径之间。
5.车辆，具有如权利要求1所述的充电装置。
CN201380048539.8A 2012-09-19 2013-09-19 充电装置 Pending CN104662786A (zh)

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JP2012205677A JP2014060893A (ja) 2012-09-19 2012-09-19 充電装置
JP2012-205677 2012-09-19
PCT/JP2013/005536 WO2014045580A1 (ja) 2012-09-19 2013-09-19 充電装置

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