CN104645818B - A kind of purification method of medical refuse burning waste gas - Google Patents
A kind of purification method of medical refuse burning waste gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN104645818B CN104645818B CN201510106490.8A CN201510106490A CN104645818B CN 104645818 B CN104645818 B CN 104645818B CN 201510106490 A CN201510106490 A CN 201510106490A CN 104645818 B CN104645818 B CN 104645818B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the purification method of a kind of medical refuse burning waste gas, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of effective technique, remove the acidic materials and solid particulate matter, heavy metal etc. that contain in medical refuse burning flue gas, it is achieved the cleaning discharge of flue gas。Specifically including wet absorption step and dry method dust step, wet absorption step adopts absorption tower to absorb the acidic materials in flue gas, and dry method dust step adopts cleaner unit to remove solid particulate matter, heavy metal。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the purification method of organic pollution, solid particulate matter in all kinds of solid waste incineration disposal process, particularly relate to the purification method of a kind of medical refuse burning waste gas。
Background technology
Medical waste refers to the refuse with directly or indirectly infectious, toxicity and other hazardness that medical and health organization produces in medical treatment, disease-prevention or healthcare and other correlated activations。In order to prevent clinical waste from causing social danger, pathophoresis, and protecting environment and ensure health, medical waste needs to obtain appropriate process, and in the middle of existing process means, burning disposal belongs to widely used means。Such as rotary kiln incineration device, rotary kiln is a cylindrical cylinder, inner lining refractory, slightly tilt to install, feed end is higher than discharging section, and motor drives cylinder around axle center unitary rotation by drive mechanism, makes medical waste mixing, pyrolytic gasification, burning, rubbish, in slow rotation process, decomposes, is gasificated into fuel gas。Due to the substantial amounts of organic chloride of the existence in medical waste such as waste plastics, rubber, leather etc., heavy metal, dust, substantial amounts of sour gas can be produced after burning, such as hydrogen chloride etc.。Therefore, how effective these pollutant are processed just becomes a problem needing solution badly。The treatment technology of sour gas mainly there are dry process, semidry process, wet processing and Circulating Fluidized Bed Process；The removal of heavy metal and dust mainly adopts the means such as activated carbon adsorption, sack cleaner, electrostatic precipitator, but above-mentioned means are poor to the dust removal effect of trickle particle diameter, and sack cleaner exist filter bag block, the problem such as broken, above-mentioned means are to the comprehensive pollutant Shortcomings removed in waste gas, in order to meet the flue gas of refuse burning discharge standard improved constantly, the problem that particularly sour gas and a large amount of flying dust are disposed, it is necessary to adopt and disclosure satisfy that efficient fume treatment new technology more advanced, more scientific。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of effective technique, remove the acidic materials and solid particulate matter, heavy metal etc. that contain in medical refuse burning flue gas, it is achieved the cleaning discharge of flue gas。
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of medical refuse burning flue gas purifying method, it includes wet absorption step and dry method dust step。Flue gas initially enters absorption tower 1, gas access, absorption tower 2 becomes multiple branch inlet 6 after entering absorption tower 1, branch inlet 6 is evenly distributed in absorption tower along oblique line from top to bottom, and recently, the branch inlet distance gas access 2 of bottom is farthest in the branch inlet distance gas access 2 of the top。Be equipped with the aerosol apparatus 5 of a correspondence on the top of each branch inlet, aerosol apparatus 5 is apart from branch inlet 0.5-2m。Lime slurry falls into bottom absorption tower after fully reacting with the acidic materials in flue gas, and the liquid recycling spraying day with fog under the effect of circulating pump 7 that absorbs of bottom continues to participate in reaction。
The flue gas discharged from absorption tower 1 subsequently enters in cleaner unit 10, first flue gas enters cleaner unit from cleaner unit entrance 11, flue gas frontal impact is on fluid dividing cover 12, fluid dividing cover is conically shaped body, major part flue gas enters cleaner unit through divergent segment and expands the flow cavity 33 in section, flue gas contacts with the filter element 30 in cartridge support frame 29 after flow cavity 33, particulate matter in gas, noxious substance are by filter element 30 adsorption filtration, and purified gas enters discharge chamber 32 after filtration core 30 filters and discharges cleaner unit。
Sub-fraction flue gas flows downward along fluid dividing cover 12 after clashing into fluid dividing cover 12, strike 3-10 sheet blade 28 fixing on cartridge support frame 29 top top board 39, cartridge support frame 29 inwall is provided with spiral slide 36, spiral slide 36 coordinates with the spiral slide of annular Internal baffle outer wall, flue gas clashes into blade 28, blade 28 drives cartridge support frame 29 to rotate while moving downward under the support of spiral slide and guiding, being connected to buffer unit 27 on base plate 40 bottom bracing frame 29, the other end of buffer unit 27 is fixed on the bracer 20 on cinder catcher inwall。Bracing frame 29 rotates together with filter element 30 and moves downward, enter in cinder catcher 34, it is correspondingly arranged on scraper 22 near cinder catcher arrival end in annular cinder catcher outer wall 18, scraper 22 is connected with hairbrush 23, and in the cinder catcher inwall 19 on hairbrush 23 opposite, correspondence position is provided with nozzle 24 in order to purge gas of jetting to filter element 30 back side。Removing the particulate matter of filter element 30 adsorption filtration under the combined effect of scraper 22, hairbrush 23 and nozzle 24, filter element 30 is regenerated。
As preferably, the quantity of branch inlet is 4-8。
As preferably, the distance of aerosol apparatus distance branch inlet is 1-1.5m。
As preferably, the filter element of cleaner unit is activated carbon cartridge, polypropylene fibre, metallic fiber, glass fibre。
As preferably, the quantity of blade is 7。
As preferably, buffer unit is damper rod, hydraulic stem or spring, and its quantity can be 2-8。
As preferably, fluid dividing cover is provided with relief port。
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, gas distribution means in absorption tower are unique, greatly improve gas distributed effect and gas liquid contacting efficiency, greatly improve clean-up effect。
2, cleaner unit filter element at work constantly rotary motion can carry out regeneration cycle use, and regenerative operation does not need extra operation power, and the kinetic energy only relying on flue gas self can be achieved with the motion of filter element, low energy。
3, by wet method deacidification and dry method dust means are combined, the efficient poisonous and harmful substance removed in medical refuse burning flue gas, energy-conserving and environment-protective。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process route chart of the present invention。
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the wet absorption tower of the present invention。
Fig. 3 is the front view of the cleaner unit of the present invention。
Fig. 4 is the AA sectional view of the cleaner unit of the present invention。
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the fluid dividing cover of the cleaner unit of the present invention。
Fig. 6 is the perspective view of the bracing frame of the cleaner unit of the present invention。
The accompanying drawing labelling part description corresponding with it is as follows:
1, absorption tower；2, gas access, absorption tower；3, absorption tower gas outlet；4, demister；5, aerosol apparatus；6, branch inlet；7, circulating pump；10, cleaner unit；11, cleaner unit entrance；12, fluid dividing cover；13, relief port；14, annular outer baffle；15, annular Internal baffle；16, divergent segment；17, section is expanded；19, lower baffle plate；20, bracer is propped up；21, sealing ring；22, scraper；23, hairbrush；24, nozzle；25, back-flushing valve；26, unloading valve；27, buffer unit；28, blade；29, bracing frame；30, filter element；31 filter plates；32, discharge chamber；33, flow cavity；34, cinder catcher；35, earial drainage chamber；36, spiral slide；38, dead ring；39, top board；40, base plate
Detailed description of the invention
Following example are used for the description of the invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention。
The present invention is a kind of medical refuse burning flue gas purifying method, and it includes wet absorption step and dry method dust step。From the flue-gas temperature about 400 DEG C-600 DEG C that incinerator for medical garbage comes, flue gas initially enters in absorption tower, and acidic flue gas enters from the gas access on absorption tower, and with the lime slurry haptoreaction of atomization, flue gas release heat cooling, lime white droplet moisture evaporates rapidly；Sour gas in flue gas and lime white droplet are fully contacted reaction, and the removal efficiency of HCl and SOx is all up to more than 95%。Solid granulates and a small amount of unreacted Calx that course of reaction generates together fall into bottom absorption tower with absorbing liquid, the lime slurry adsorbing and removing that also some is atomized such as original flue dust, heavy metal in flue gas。
The main chemical reactions process of absorption tower deacidification:
2HCl+Ca(OH)2→CaCl2+H2O
SO2+Ca(OH)2→CaSO3+H2O
2CaSO3+O2→2CaSO4
SO3+Ca(OH)2→CaSO4+H2O
The flue gas processed through absorption tower subsequently enters in cleaner unit, filter element through cleaner unit, remaining solid particulate matter and heavy metal substance in effective removal flue gas, remove in absorption tower due to the acidic corrosive material in flue gas, therefore, the filter element range of choice in cleaner unit is wider, it is possible to use non-acidproof corrosion resistance filter element。Flue gas after purifying can in the device drains air such as air-introduced machine。
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the temperature of medical refuse burning flue gas about 400 DEG C-600 DEG C, containing HCl, SOx, solid particulate matter, heavy metal etc. in flue gas。Flue gas initially enters absorption tower 1, gas access, absorption tower 2 becomes 4 branch inlet 6 after entering absorption tower 1, branch inlet 6 is evenly distributed in absorption tower along oblique line from top to bottom, and recently, the branch inlet distance gas access 2 of bottom is farthest in the branch inlet distance gas access 2 of the top。4 branch inlet are capable of being uniformly distributed of gas substantially。Be equipped with the aerosol apparatus 5 of a correspondence on the top of each branch inlet, aerosol apparatus 5 is apart from branch inlet 1m。Owing to gas access is divided into several branch inlet, so namely by arranging corresponding aerosol apparatus to improve reaction efficiency at each component inlet, flue gas distributed degrees in absorption tower can be improved again。Except the aerosol apparatus 5 being correspondingly arranged, it is again provided with the aerosol apparatus of routine at the top on absorption tower, to improve gas liquid contacting efficiency further。Lime slurry falls into bottom absorption tower after fully reacting with the acidic materials in flue gas, and the liquid recycling spraying day with fog under the effect of circulating pump 7 that absorbs of bottom continues to participate in reaction。By this strong mass-and heat-transfer process, the acid contaminant in flue gas carries out sufficient combination reaction with lime slurry, and the sour gas in flue gas is able to sufficient removal。It is provided with demister 4 on the top on absorption tower, after demister 4, discharges absorption tower from absorption tower gas outlet 3 containing wet flue gas。By in the flue gas behind absorption tower, the concentration of HCl can lower than 6mg/Nm3；The concentration of SOx is lower than 10mg/Nm3, HCl clearance can reach more than 98%, and SOx clearance can reach about 90%, and the temperature of flue gas is down to less than 80 DEG C。
The flue gas discharged from absorption tower 1 subsequently enters in cleaner unit 10, first flue gas enters cleaner unit from cleaner unit entrance 11, flue gas first frontal impact is on fluid dividing cover 12, fluid dividing cover is conically shaped body, under the effect of fluid dividing cover 12, major part flue gas enters cleaner unit through divergent segment and expands the flow cavity 33 in section, the expansion section wall of cleaner unit constitutes flow cavity 33 with internal annular outer baffle 14, flue gas contacts with the filter element 30 in cartridge support frame 29 after flow cavity 33, and filter element 30 is activated carbon cartridge。Annular outer baffle 14 together constitutes the gas flow path on filter element 30 together with annular Internal baffle 15 with cinder catcher outer wall 18 and cinder catcher inwall 19, sealing ring 21 it is provided with, in order to prevent gas from entering cinder catcher 34 without filter element 30 between filter element 30 and cinder catcher outer wall 18。Particulate matter in gas, noxious substance are by filter element 30 adsorption filtration, and purified gas enters discharge chamber 32 after filtration core 30 filters and discharges cleaner unit。The filter element 30 of annular can deposit one layer of particulate matter filtered during filtering on the surface of filter element, and the particulate matter of deposition can reduce the filter effect of filter element, and therefore filter element needs regular regeneration。
The regenerative process of filter element 30: referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 6。After flue gas enters cleaner unit from cleaner unit entrance 11, as previously mentioned, most flue gas enters entrance filtration stage in flow cavity 33 under fluid dividing cover 12 guides, in addition, sub-fraction flue gas is had to flow downward along fluid dividing cover 12 after clashing into fluid dividing cover 12, strike blade 28 fixing on cartridge support frame 29 top top board 39, cartridge support frame 29 inwall is provided with spiral slide 36, spiral slide 36 coordinates with the spiral slide (not shown) of annular Internal baffle outer wall, therefore, flue gas clashes into blade 28, blade 28 drives cartridge support frame 29 to rotate while moving downward under the support of spiral slide and guiding。Bracing frame 29 rotates together with filter element 30 and moves downward, enter in cinder catcher 34, bracing frame 29 and cinder catcher inwall 19 are in close contact, filter element 30 and cinder catcher outer wall 18 leave certain space, first correspond to be provided with two panels scraper 22 near cinder catcher arrival end in annular cinder catcher outer wall 18, filter element 30 pressed close to by scraper 22, scraper 22 is connected with hairbrush 23, the bristle contact filter element 30 of hairbrush 23, in the cinder catcher inwall 19 on hairbrush 23 opposite, correspondence position is provided with nozzle 24 in order to purge gas of jetting to filter element 30 back side, and back-flushing valve 25 controls the flow of purge gas。Under the effect of scraper 22, the impurity of the filter element 30 surface deposition rotated is struck off by scraper, filter element 30 further rotates decline, removes the particulate matter of filter element 30 adsorption filtration subsequently under the combined effect of hairbrush 23 and nozzle 24 further, and filter element 30 is regenerated under multiple regenerative means process。The impurity being removed falls into bottom cinder catcher 34, runs up to and is to a certain degree discharged outside cleaner unit by unloading valve 26 afterwards。The amount of the internal dust stratification of cinder catcher 34 can pass through the detection means detections automatically such as particle sensor detection。
Referring to Fig. 3, the lower circumference of fluid dividing cover 12 connects with annular Internal baffle 15 is fixing, bracing frame 29 rotates around annular Internal baffle 15 and declines, base plate 40 bottom bracing frame 29 is connected to buffer unit 27, buffer unit is preferably damper rod, and the other end of buffer unit 27 is fixed on the bracer 20 on cinder catcher inwall。The effect of buffer unit 27 is the decrease speed controlling bracing frame 29, it is prevented that decline too fast。The position of buffer unit 27 and quantity can select as required, certainly not stop that nozzle 24 is advisable, merely to show the existence of buffer unit 27 in Fig. 3, and and the relative position of non-limiting buffer unit 27 and nozzle 24。It is of course also possible to adopt other to have the device of similar functions, for instance hydraulic stem, spring etc.。In addition, the decrease speed of bracing frame 29 can also be passed through to arrange the blade 28 of varying number and angle and be adjusted, the quantity of the present embodiment Leaf is preferably 7, flow velocity according to flue gas, 7 blades can realize good rotary speed, the decrease speed that less or more blade is set to reduce or to increase bracing frame 29 can also be passed through, for instance can be 3,5,10 etc.。In regenerative process, after the major part of filter element 30 has been lowered to cinder catcher 34 and has been reproduced, buffer unit can be controlled or bracing frame 29 is reversely pressed by other like, such as stop air inlet, the buffer unit then compressed can promote bracing frame 29 reverse rotation to rise back to initial duty, and move in circles work according to this。
Being the axonometric chart of fluid dividing cover 12 referring to Fig. 5, this figure, fluid dividing cover 12 can arrange relief port 13, relief port 13 is closed under normal circumstances, and gas can not pass through from fluid dividing cover 12。When the pressure transducer (not shown) in cleaner unit is measured in cleaner unit, pressure is higher than after normal value, and relief port 13 is opened, and air-flow can flow through from relief port 13, enters earial drainage chamber 35, discharges cleaner unit after screen plate 31 filters。The Guan Bi switch that can pass through relief port place of opening and close of relief port 13 remotely controls。When cleaner unit runs, run into flow sometimes, flow velocity fluctuates bigger input air-flow, run into the accident blocking of filter sometimes, similar when making the situation that pressure in cleaner unit increases when running into, for ensureing that production safety can open the relief port 13 pressure to reduce rapidly in cleaner unit, prevent the damage of filter element or cleaner unit, due to the existence of screen plate 31, it is also ensured that the safety of earial drainage gas。
Referring to Fig. 6, this figure is the axonometric chart of bracing frame 29, the top board 39 of bracing frame 29 upper end is fixed with blade 28, the main body of bracing frame 29 is by vertical grid and plays multiple dead rings 38 of reinforcement effect and constitutes substantially netted ventilating structure, and the inwall of bracing frame 29 is fixed with spiral slide 36 and declines guiding bracing frame 29 to rotate around annular Internal baffle。The material of bracing frame 29 and spiral slide 36 can be the material arbitrarily with certain rigidity, for instance rustless steel, plastics etc.。
Flue gas is after absorption tower 1, cleaner unit 10, and acidic materials in gas and solid particulate matter and heavy metal are all removed substantially, and gas reaches discharge standard。
In the purification method of the present invention, the absorption tower used, by unique gas distribution means, greatly improves gas distributed effect and gas liquid contacting efficiency, greatly improves clean-up effect。The cleaner unit used filter element at work can constantly carry out regeneration cycle use, and does not need extra operation power, and the kinetic energy only relying on flue gas self can be achieved with the regeneration of filter element。Due to the common coupling on the absorption tower of the present invention and cleaner unit, effectively eliminate the harmful substance in medical refuse burning flue gas, it is achieved that the cleaning discharge of flue gas。
Embodiment described above is the one preferably scheme of the present invention, not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, also has other variant and remodeling under the premise without departing from the technical scheme described in claim。
Claims (7)
1. the purification method of a medical refuse burning flue gas, including wet absorption step and dry method dust step, it is characterized in that: flue gas initially enters absorption tower (1), gas access, absorption tower (2) becomes multiple branch inlet (6) after entering absorption tower (1), branch inlet (6) is evenly distributed in absorption tower along oblique line from top to bottom, branch inlet distance gas access (2) of the top is nearest, and branch inlet distance gas access (2) of bottom is farthest；Be equipped with the aerosol apparatus (5) of a correspondence on the top of each branch inlet, each aerosol apparatus (5) is 0.5-2m apart from the distance of corresponding branch inlet；The lime slurry of aerosol apparatus injection falls into bottom absorption tower after fully reacting with the hydrogen chloride in incineration flue gas and sulfur dioxide, and the lime slurry of bottom recycling spraying day with fog under the effect of circulating pump (7) continues to participate in reaction；
The flue gas discharged from absorption tower (1) subsequently enters in cleaner unit (10), first flue gas enters cleaner unit from cleaner unit entrance (11), flue gas frontal impact is on fluid dividing cover (12), fluid dividing cover is conically shaped body, major part flue gas enters cleaner unit through divergent segment (16) and expands the flow cavity (33) in section (17), flue gas contacts with the filter element (30) in cartridge support frame (29) after flow cavity (33), and gas enters discharge chamber (32) after filtering through filter element (30) and discharges cleaner unit；Sub-fraction flue gas flows downward along fluid dividing cover (12) after clashing into fluid dividing cover (12), strike upper fixing 3-10 sheet blade (28) in cartridge support frame (29) top top board (39), cartridge support frame (29) inwall is provided with spiral slide (36), spiral slide (36) coordinates with the second spiral slide of annular Internal baffle (15) outer wall, flue gas clashes into blade (28), blade (28) drives cartridge support frame (29) to rotate along the second spiral slide while moving downward, the base plate (40) of cartridge support frame (29) bottom is connected to buffer unit (27), the other end of buffer unit (27) is fixed on the bracer (20) on cinder catcher inwall (19)；Cartridge support frame (29) rotates together with filter element (30) and moves downward, filter element (30) lower end enters in cinder catcher (34), it is correspondingly arranged on scraper (22) near cinder catcher (34) arrival end in annular cinder catcher outer wall (18), scraper (22) is connected with hairbrush (23), and cinder catcher inwall (19) the interior correspondence position on hairbrush (23) opposite is provided with nozzle (24) in order to purge gas of jetting to filter element (30) back side；Removing the particulate matter of filter element (30) adsorption filtration under the combined effect of scraper (22), hairbrush (23) and nozzle (24), filter element (30) is regenerated。
2. the purification method of medical refuse burning flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the quantity of branch inlet (6) is 4-8。
3. the purification method of medical refuse burning flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the distance of aerosol apparatus (5) distance branch inlet (6) is 1-1.5m。
4. the purification method of medical refuse burning flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the filter element (30) of cleaner unit is activated carbon, polypropylene fibre, metallic fiber, glass fibre。
5. the purification method of medical refuse burning flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the quantity of blade (28) is 7。
6. the purification method of medical refuse burning flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: buffer unit (27) is damper rod, hydraulic stem or spring, and its quantity is 2-8。
7. the purification method of medical refuse burning flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: fluid dividing cover (12) is provided with relief port (13)。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510106490.8A CN104645818B (en) | 2015-03-11 | 2015-03-11 | A kind of purification method of medical refuse burning waste gas |
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| CN201510106490.8A CN104645818B (en) | 2015-03-11 | 2015-03-11 | A kind of purification method of medical refuse burning waste gas |
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| CN104645818B true CN104645818B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107461745A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-12-12 | 太仓市璜泾新海农机专业合作社 | Garbage disposal converting system |
| CN108079681B (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2024-02-27 | 江苏康洁环境工程有限公司 | Impact dust remover with power supply monitoring device |
| CN110180487B (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2022-08-02 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Method and device for controlling sludge incineration fine particulate matter by using boron nitride |
| CN111729460B (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2021-06-01 | 钱小英 | Flow decomposition treatment device for medical waste incineration waste gas |
| CN112316607B (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2022-05-17 | 中科南京绿色制造产业创新研究院 | Particulate matter circulating removal device and removal method |
| CN115212711B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-06 | 山东金科星机电股份有限公司 | Flue gas treatment device for ore sand shipborne equipment |
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