CN104642092A - Selection method for onion male sterility maintainer line - Google Patents
Selection method for onion male sterility maintainer line Download PDFInfo
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- CN104642092A CN104642092A CN201510039896.9A CN201510039896A CN104642092A CN 104642092 A CN104642092 A CN 104642092A CN 201510039896 A CN201510039896 A CN 201510039896A CN 104642092 A CN104642092 A CN 104642092A
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- nmsms
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- male sterile
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Abstract
The invention discloses a selection method for an onion male sterility maintainer line. Selection of a maintainer line with a good character is a core technology for updating first-generation hybrid seeds of onions. The invention provides a maintainer line selection method customized according to a cytoplasm-nuclear interaction type sterility genetic theory. The technical key point is that the sterile line is hybridized with varieties of which the economic character and the combining ability meet the requirement after strict selection, and then hybridation and selection steps such as backcross and selfing are carried out to artificially synthesize a maintainer line of which the gene type is Nmsms. By the technology for introducing a genic male sterility gene ms of the typical sterile line (Smsms) into a fertile variety or strain (NMsMs) with a good character, selection of the gene type of the maintainer line is completely predictable; furthermore, advanced and strict selection is allowed during determination of a basic material, and the direction of selection of the economic character of the maintainer line is controllable, so that the blindness of the conventional selection method is overcome, and the selection efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to onion heterosis utilization technical field, relate to a kind of selection of onion male sterile maintainer line.
Background technology
China is onion big producing country in the world, Ye Shi onion big export country, but breeding falls behind.Current China there is no the F that oneself is cultivated
1for kind, the F of plantation
1for kind all from external import, per hectare seed costs, in 6000-9000 unit, accounts for the 40-60% of total production cost.In view of the present situation that China's onion productivity effect is low, carry out onion F
1it is the precondition improving China's onion productivity for breeding hybridized research.Onion F
1main path for breeding is the three line method utilizing nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction male sterility, should possess male sterile line, maintainer and restorer simultaneously.Hybridized by maintainer and male sterile line, male sterile line is bred and is kept sterile proterties; Hybridized by male sterile line and restorer and obtain hybrid seed, its heterotic power directly depends on the situation of male sterile line and restorer, namely only selects excellent male sterile line and excellent restorer, just can cultivate the excellent first generation of hybrid.Therefore, onion F is carried out
1for breeding, must set about from most basic breeding material seed selection, first the technical problem of " three are " seed selection needs to make a breakthrough.In onion " three are " seed selection, male sterile line can be obtained from approach such as external directly introductions by the separation of the first generation of hybrid or commercial channel, and its proterties is decided by maintainer, so the breeding technique of maintainer and restorer becomes onion F
1for the key of breeding.
In onion " three are " breeding practice, the seed selection of restorer is lower than maintainer seed selection difficulty, is not the restraining factors in first generation of hybrid seed produces.Because onion is biennial crop, production mainly utilizes the bulb of Vegetative growth phase, without the need to seed of reentrying, so there is not the problem of first generation of hybrid fertility restorer, only need measure its hybrid vigour, need not the special restorer of seed selection.As long as can provide fertile pollen for male sterile line, no matter the genotype of fertility restorer how, is the material that homozygote or heterozygote all can be used as seed selection restorer.Therefore, according to usual seed selection program, the restorer that coordinate force is high, proterties is excellent can be selected from most kind or strain.
On the other hand, the raising of male sterile line (Smsms) integrating shape is more complicated, and difficulty is larger.Because the breeding of male sterile line need with genotype be the maintainer of Nmsms and its repeatedly backcross, the core that after several generations, the nuclear genetic material of male sterile line is almost kept to be replaced, and male sterile line becomes the similar system of maintainer.Therefore, the proterties quality of male sterile line depends on maintainer.Only have maintainer proterties excellent, just can have excellent male sterile line, finally just can make the excellent first generation of hybrid.At present, how selecting the excellent maintainer of proterties (Nmsms) is the core technology that onion first generation of hybrid Cultivar replacing is regenerated.
The breeding practice of onion shows, male sterile line is easy to get, and maintainer difficulty is sought.Because onion is with the genotype NMsMs that normally can educate under natural environment state, only has nuclear gene generation recessive mutation, namely Ms sports ms, nuclear restorer gene is that the individual NMsms of heterozygosis can obtain by selfing the genotype Nmsms that recessiveness isozygotys again, such individuality just has maintenance function to sterility, the maintainer that namely will be bred as.But this type of nuclear gene mutation frequency losing fertility restorer function is very low, even if there occurs sudden change and isozygoty after selfing, due to the male fertile controlling mechanism of nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction, phenotype fertility is still normal, need to hybridize with sterile body, the individuality (NMsms or Nmsms) of undergoing mutation just can be detected, so the work being undertaken identifying by hybridization is like this very heavy from the Fertility segregation performance of its offspring.About the seed selection of onion maintainer, no matter the source of male sterile line how, usually adopts and screens maintainer with the method for sterile material backcross transformation.Namely be female parent with male sterile plant, local improved seeds are male parent, carry out biparental cross.Expect that a genotype is the maintainer of (Nmsms), need hundreds of of preparation, even thousands of combinations therefrom to screen maintainer every year.Do like this as a result, the number of combinations not only prepared is too much, workload is excessive, needs a large amount of man power and materials; Even if what is more important has screened the plant with hold facility, its economic characters have in most cases also been difficult to the requirement meeting breeding.So, the effective ways that can work out a set of seed selection maintainer are expected in onion " three are " breeding practice, the method should be completely foreseeable in the genotype of seed selection maintainer (Nmsms), without the need to carrying out a large amount of biparental cross screening sterile nucleus genes, thus can greatly reduce hybrid combination scale, reduce breeding cost; Meanwhile, allowing strictly to select in advance when determining basic material again, being controlled on direction to the economic characters of seed selection maintainer, thus can overcoming the blindness of selection in the past, improve breeding efficiency.
Summary of the invention
For prepare during traditional backcross transformation method seed selection maintainer number of combinations too much and economic characters be difficult to the defect of guarantee, the present invention is according to the theory of nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction type heredity of male sterility, invent one and the genic male sterile gene ms of male sterile line (Smsms) is imported excellent the educated kind of proterties or strain (NMsMs), to obtain the technology of maintainer (Nmsms).Method be with classical male sterile line with through strictly selecting all satisfactory inter breed crossing in economic characters and coordinate force, then through backcrossing and hybridization and the seed selection step such as selfing, Prof. Du Yucang has the maintainer that genotype is Nmsms.The acceptor material of the importing genic male sterile gene that the present invention adopts comes from the individual plant system selected in " Sapporo is yellow " germplasm materials purification process, the Comprehensive Traits such as its average ball weight, disease resistance and storage tolerance are excellent, for main selective goal of the present invention provides hereditary basis.Meanwhile, the present invention only need prepare a hybrid combination at first, then imports the excellent acceptor material of proterties through once backcrossing by sterile gene, and work thereafter just isolates by selfing the individuality that genotype is Nmsms.Concrete seed selection procedure and step is as follows:
First Year, sowing is used as the parental seed of hybridization the coming year, carries out onion production.
Second Year, does with classical male sterile line (Smsms) maternal, makes male parent (NMsMs) and hybridize, F is gathered in the crops in sterile strain by the educated kind that the economic characters selected are excellent
1(SMsms) hybrid seed, gathers in the crops selfed seed respectively simultaneously on paternal plant.
3rd year, carry out onion production.
4th year, make female parent, with the F of this combination after artificial emasculation with the self progeny originally as male parent (NMsMs)
1(SMsms) oppositely backcross, results BC
1seed (NMsMs, NMsms).
5th year, carry out onion production.
6th year, from BC
1in select individual plant selfing, gather in the crops the selfed seed of each individual plant respectively.NMsMs self progeny's genotype is NMsMs, NMsms self progeny genotype is entirely NMsMs, NMsms and Nmsms.
7th year, carry out onion production.
8th year, do with classical male sterile line (Smsms) maternal, use BC
1the individual plant of self progeny make male parent and hybridize respectively, gather in the crops hybrid seed and male parent selfed seed respectively.Or, first Fertility segregation qualification is carried out to the self progeny of previous generation, confirms BC
1in NMsms after, then to hybridize with classical male sterile line respectively with each individual plant of its self progeny.
9th year, carry out onion production.
10th year, the Fertility segregation ratio of investigation previous generation filial generation, namely the male parent of filial performance complete sterility combination was the new maintainer (Nmsms) be bred as.
Embodiment
The new maintainer KB651B that the present invention is bred as is hybridized by male sterile line KB2354A and inbred line 94-6-51, then through to backcross and the step seed selection such as selfing obtains.
Male sterile line KB2354A is isolated sterile strain from half-blood " Ka Muyi " self progeny that Japan introduces, and has bred three generations with self-fertile maintainer KB2354B.Inbred line 94-6-51 is the individual plant system that the proterties selected from Japan " Sapporo yellow " germplasm materials purification process is excellent, and its average ball is heavily 260 grams, disease-resistant, the convergence of bulb spheroidal, bulb, comparatively storage tolerance.Above material is long-day, moistening ecotype.New maintainer KB651B performance in ball weight, ball-type, disease-resistant and storage tolerance etc. is excellent, meets breeding objective requirement.
About the method for seed selection maintainer, the present invention and the Measures compare usually adopting backcross transformation, have two outstanding advantages.One, traditional backcross transformation method is in natural population, screen mutated-genotype Nmsms or NMsms, and usually need preparation hundreds and thousands of combinations, number of combinations is too many, and workload is huge.And the genic male sterile gene ms of classical male sterile line (Smsms) is imported excellent the educated kind of proterties or strain (NMsMs) by the present invention, the genotype of seed selection maintainer is completely foreseeable, a hybrid combination need be prepared for initial, import the excellent acceptor material of proterties through once backcrossing by sterile gene again, work thereafter just isolates by selfing the individuality that genotype is Nmsms.Without the need to carrying out a large amount of biparental cross screening sterile nucleus genes, thus greatly reducing hybrid combination scale, reducing breeding cost.Its two, traditional backcross transformation method is to screen premised on sterile nucleus gene (NMsms or Nmsms), and the strain showing this feature in economic characters may and do not meet breeding requirement.And the present invention allows strictly to select in advance when determining basic material, only adopt the acceptor material that the excellent inbred line of economic characters imports as sterile gene, this is controlled to the economic characters of maintainer on Breed dirction, thus overcome the blindness of traditional breeding method, improve breeding efficiency.
The specific implementation process of new maintainer KB651B seed selection is as follows:
1999, spring sowing KB2354A and 94-6-51 hybrid strain seed, autumn harvest onion was preserved
2000, carry out hybridizing (KB2354A × 94-6-51), results hybrid seed F
1and 94-6-51 selfed seed
Calendar year 2001, spring sowing F
1with 94-6-51 seed, autumn harvest onion is preserved
2002,94-6-51 plant artificial emasculation is oppositely backcrossed (94-6-51 × F
1), 94-6-51 plant is gathered BC
1seed
2003, spring sowing BC
1seed, autumn harvest onion is preserved
2004, BC
1the selfing of plant individual plant quarantine enforcement, receives selfed seed by strain list
2005, upper one year of sowing in spring each individual plant selfing seed and KB2354A seed, autumn harvest onion is preserved
2006, use BC
1the individual plant of self progeny make male parent and hybridize with KB2354A respectively, gather in the crops hybrid seed and male parent selfed seed respectively
2007, upper one year of sowing in spring each individual plant hybrid seed, autumn harvest onion preserve
2008, the Fertility segregation ratio of each individual plant filial generation of investigation previous generation, namely the male parent of filial performance complete sterility combination was the new maintainer KB651B be bred as.
Claims (2)
1. the selection of an onion male sterile maintainer line, it is characterized in that: an initial only preparation hybrid combination, with classical male sterile line (Smsms) and through strictly selecting to hybridize in the excellent kind of the Comprehensive Traits such as ball weight, disease resistance, storage tolerance or strain (NMsMs), be bred as F
1(SMsms); Then through the (NMsMs × F that oppositely backcrosses
1) obtain BC
1(NMsMs, NMsms), imports genic male sterile gene ms that have normally can the proterties improved seeds of hatching cell matter or strain; BC
1selfing produces segregant generation and hybridizes with itself and classical male sterile line (Smsms), finally identifies maintainer (Nmsms).
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: new maintainer KB651B is that parent is bred as by male sterile line KB2354A and inbred line 94-6-51.
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| CN201510039896.9A CN104642092A (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Selection method for onion male sterility maintainer line |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510039896.9A CN104642092A (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Selection method for onion male sterility maintainer line |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107549006A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-09 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of breeding method of onion male sterile line and maintainer |
| CN112119907A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-25 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Onion full-sterility seed production method |
| CN115380816A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-25 | 宜宾市农业科学院 | Method for creating sorghum maintainer line |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101803565A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2010-08-18 | 辽宁师范大学 | Method for breeding onion male sterile maintainer line |
| CN102100175A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-06-22 | 山西省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Breeding and hybrid seed-producing method of onion male sterile line |
-
2015
- 2015-01-27 CN CN201510039896.9A patent/CN104642092A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101803565A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2010-08-18 | 辽宁师范大学 | Method for breeding onion male sterile maintainer line |
| CN102100175A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-06-22 | 山西省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Breeding and hybrid seed-producing method of onion male sterile line |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107549006A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-09 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of breeding method of onion male sterile line and maintainer |
| CN112119907A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-25 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Onion full-sterility seed production method |
| CN115380816A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-25 | 宜宾市农业科学院 | Method for creating sorghum maintainer line |
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Application publication date: 20150527 |
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