CN104641163A - 高压气瓶制造方法 - Google Patents

高压气瓶制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104641163A
CN104641163A CN201280075845.6A CN201280075845A CN104641163A CN 104641163 A CN104641163 A CN 104641163A CN 201280075845 A CN201280075845 A CN 201280075845A CN 104641163 A CN104641163 A CN 104641163A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
liner
composite material
gas cylinder
material vessel
minutes
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN201280075845.6A
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English (en)
Inventor
金基东
权起勳
李昌培
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NORSTAR COMPOSITE Co Ltd
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NORSTAR COMPOSITE Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by NORSTAR COMPOSITE Co Ltd filed Critical NORSTAR COMPOSITE Co Ltd
Priority to CN201810575361.7A priority Critical patent/CN108758327A/zh
Publication of CN104641163A publication Critical patent/CN104641163A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/16—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of plastics materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
    • F17C1/04—Protecting sheathings
    • F17C1/06—Protecting sheathings built-up from wound-on bands or filamentary material, e.g. wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/24—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects high-pressure containers, e.g. boilers, bottles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
    • B29C37/0003—Discharging moulded articles from the mould
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    • B29C49/20—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/20—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements
    • B29C2049/2017—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements outside the article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2303/00—Use of resin-bonded materials as reinforcement
    • B29K2303/04—Inorganic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2309/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2303/00 - B29K2307/00, as reinforcement
    • B29K2309/08—Glass
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    • F17C2201/01—Shape
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    • F17C2201/05—Size
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Abstract

本发明公开一种高压气瓶制造方法，公开的高压气瓶制造方法，包括：a)生产衬垫的步骤，利用衬垫吹塑机生产衬垫；b)涂覆粘着剂的步骤，在所述生产的衬垫的螺纹上涂覆粘着剂；c)结合衬套(bushing)的步骤，在所述衬垫螺纹结合衬套(bushing)；d)自然固化步骤，将经过所述c)步骤的衬垫在常温下放置30分钟至2小时，以使所述粘着剂自然固化；e)衬垫加热步骤，将所述衬垫的外部表面通过等离子体进行热处理；f)结合传动轴的步骤，在所述衬垫结合传动轴；g)包覆步骤，将多个玻璃纤维条与树脂及固化剂混合之后，包覆所述衬垫的外部表面；h)干燥固化步骤，将经过所述包覆步骤的复合材料容器在70℃至90℃下干燥70至90分钟；i)冷却步骤，为了使得经过所述干燥固化步骤的所述复合材料容器的表面温度下降至35℃以下，将所述复合材料容器在常温下放置15至40分钟；j)分离传动轴步骤，从所述复合材料容器分离所述传动轴；k)组装阀门步骤，在设置于所述复合材料容器的所述衬套上组装阀门；及l)检查步骤，检查包括所述复合材料容器的高压气瓶的状态。

Description

高压气瓶制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及高压气瓶制造方法，更详细地涉及一种可生产高强度的高压气瓶，并提高生产率的高压气瓶制造方法。
背景技术
高压气瓶被用于存储及填充LPG、CNG(压缩天然气)、生物气、氧气、氢气等高压气体。尤其，高压气瓶要具有充分的强度，以便存储高压气体并长时间保管使用。
以往的高压气瓶是通过衬垫吹塑机(Liner blower machine)生产树脂衬垫(Liner)并熟成之后，使用FRP或纤维包覆树脂衬垫的外廓周围，以增强了强度而制造。
但，在常温下通过手工作业将FRP或纤维材质包覆在衬垫的外周面周围，也无法确保能够耐于各种高压气体的充分的强度，但，如果在衬垫的外周面增加更多的加强层，则存在使得高压气瓶的厚度及体积变大的问题。
并且，以往技术的高压气瓶制造方法存在产品的不良率和由此引发的生产率低下的问题，为了解决上述问题，不断地做出了改善制造工艺的努力。
(专利文献1)KR10-1999-0085513A1
(专利文献2)KR10-2007-0099688A1
(专利文献3)KR10-0746248B1
(专利文献4)KR10-2010-0090732A1
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
为了解决以往技术的上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种可生产具有信任度并提高强度的高压气瓶，并且，降低不良率而能够提高生产率的高压气瓶的制造方法。
解决问题的方案
根据上述的本发明的目的的高压气瓶制造方法，包括：a)生产衬垫的步骤，利用衬垫吹塑机生产衬垫；b)涂覆粘着剂的步骤，在所述生产的衬垫的螺纹上涂覆粘着剂；c)结合衬套(bushing)的步骤，在所述衬垫螺纹结合衬套(bushing)；d)自然固化步骤，将经过所述c)步骤的衬垫在常温下放置30分钟至2小时，以使所述粘着剂自然固化；e)衬垫加热步骤，将所述衬垫的外部表面通过等离子体进行热处理；f)结合传动轴的步骤，在所述衬垫结合传动轴；g)包覆步骤，将多个玻璃纤维条与树脂及固化剂混合之后，包覆所述衬垫的外部表面；h)干燥固化步骤，将经过所述包覆步骤的复合材料容器在70℃至90℃下干燥70至90分钟；i)冷却步骤，为了使得经过所述干燥固化步骤的所述复合材料容器的表面温度下降至35℃以下，将所述复合材料容器在常温下放置15至40分钟；j)分离传动轴的步骤，从所述复合材料容器分离所述传动轴；k)组装阀门的步骤，在设置于所述复合材料容器的所述衬套上组装阀门；及l)检查步骤，检查包括所述复合材料容器的高压气瓶的状态。
所述a)步骤包括如下步骤：通过所述衬垫吹塑机(liner blower machine)制造衬垫的步骤；通过衬垫取出机从所述衬垫吹塑机取出所述衬垫的步骤；去除所述衬垫的表面的碎片的步骤；在常温下放置所述衬垫4至6小时使其熟成的步骤；及检查所述衬垫的尺寸的步骤。
优选地，所述l)步骤包括如下步骤：内压检查步骤，使得所述复合材料容器的内压在2Mpa至4Mpa压力下维持一定时间，以便检查所述复合材料容器的内压；及气密检查步骤，使得所述高压气瓶的内压维持1Mpa至2Mpa压力之后，使其入水至肥皂泡水槽，并检查所述高压气瓶的气密。
发明的效果
上述的本发明的高压气瓶制造方法，具有如下效果：经过衬垫加热步骤之后，在玻璃纤维包覆混合有树脂及固化剂的异质材料而制造复合材料容器，并经过干燥及冷却步骤，由此，相比以往的高压气瓶显著地提高高压气瓶的强度。
并且，本发明的高压气瓶制造方法，通过利用粘着剂结合衬套之后，在其内部固定阀门的制造方式提高了气密性，除了肉眼检查之外，经过内压及气密检查，显著降低了不良率，由此，提高了整体的生产率。
附图说明
图1为表示用于说明根据本发明的一实施例的高压气瓶制造方法的制造步骤的框图；
图2为将图1中表示的衬垫生产步骤按步骤图示的框图；
图3为用于说明与复合材料容器结合的部件的高压气瓶的分解剖视图。
具体实施方式
本发明可进行各种变更及各种实施例，并且，利用附图示例特定实施例，下面详细说明实施本发明的详细内容。
但，并不是为了将本发明限定于特定实施形态，应当理解为包括本发明的思想及技术范围中包含的所有变更、均等物至代替物。
在说明各个附图时对于类似的构成要素使用了类似的参照符号。
第1、第2、A、B等术语可使用于说明各种构成要素，但所述构成要素并非限定于所述术语。所述术语只用于将一个构成要素与其他构成要素进行区别。
例如，在不脱离本发明的权利范围的前提下，第1构成要素可以第2构成要素命名，类似地，第2构成要素也可使用第1构成要素命名。及/或等术语包括多个有关记载的项目的组合或多个有关记载的项目中的某一项目。
提及某构成要素与其他构成要素"连接"或"接入"时，应当理解为可与其他构成要素直接连接或接入，但，也可在中间存在其他构成要素。
相反，提及某构成要素与其他构成要素"直接连接"或"直接接入"时，应当理解为在中间不存在其他构成要素。
本申请中使用的术语只是为了说明特定的实施例，而并非为了限定本发明。只要在文脉中没有明确表示，单数表述包括复数表述。
本申请中包括"或"具有"等术语是为了指定说明书中记载的特征、数字、步骤、动作、构成要素、部件或其组合的存在，并非为了事先排除一个或其以上的其他特征或数字、步骤、动作、构成要素、部件或其组合的存在或附加的可能性。
只要不另外定义，包括技术性或科学性的术语的在此使用的所有的术语与本发明领域的普通技术人员所理解的具有相同的意义。
与在一般使用的词典中所定义的相同的术语应当理解为具有与有关技术的文脉上所具有的意义相一致的意义，只要在本申请中没有明确定义，不能以异常或过多的形式性的意义解释。
以下，参照附图详细说明根据本发明的优选实施例。
图1为用于说明根据本发明的一实施例的高压气瓶制造方法的框图；图2为将图1中表示的衬垫生产步骤按步骤图示的框图；图3为用于说明与复合材料容器结合的部件的高压气瓶(10)的分解剖视图。
参照图1至图3，根据本发明的一实施例的高压气瓶制造方法如下。
本发明的特征在于高压气瓶的制造方法，并非按各个步骤移动的输送带等输送设备或制造装置，因此，省略对输送设备或制造装置的详细说明。
首先，通过衬垫吹塑机(liner blower machine,未图示)生产衬垫(未图示)(S1)。衬垫具有与图3的复合材料容器(12)相同的形状即圆筒形状，但，本说明书中的衬垫是指经过后述的包覆步骤(S7)之前的圆筒，经过包覆步骤(S7)之后的圆筒则称为复合材料容器(12)。衬垫及衬垫吹塑机为公知的技术，因此，省略其详细说明。并且，图3的参照符号12是表示衬垫经过包覆步骤(S7)之后的复合材料容器，但，与衬垫的形状相同，因此，为了便于说明，在说明衬垫时也参照图3的复合材料容器(12)进行说明。如图3，衬垫和复合材料容器(12)在一侧端部形成有入口(11)，在入口(11)的内面形成有螺纹(13)。
参照图2详细说明衬垫生产步骤。通过衬垫吹塑机生成衬垫后(S101),衬垫取出机(未图示)将衬垫向衬垫吹塑机的外部取出(S102)。
通过传送带输送取出至外部的衬垫之后，经过去除衬垫的外部表面的印迹或碎片的工序(S103)。碎片去除工序可通过手动作业进行，也可利用碎片去除装置去除。被去除碎片的衬垫再次通过输送带被移动至衬垫熟成场所，在此，衬垫在常温下放置4小时至6小时。在常温下放置一定时间之后制造成树脂的衬垫被干燥并坚固地熟成(S104)。
然后,检查经过熟成步骤之后的衬垫的尺寸。即测定全长及外径，并输入至电脑(S105)。
然后，参照形成于衬垫的入口的图3的复合材料容器(12)的形状，在螺纹(13)上涂覆粘着剂(S2)，并在涂覆有粘着剂的螺纹(13)上结合衬套(14,bushing)(S3)。衬套(14)以后结合传动轴(16)时与传动轴(16)结合，当传动轴(16)被去除之后，最终与提供气体填充及排出口的阀门(20)结合，起到坚固地固定阀门的作用。结合有衬套(14)的衬垫在常温下放置30分钟至2小时，此时，将衬套(14)与衬垫螺纹(13)粘合的粘着剂自然地固化(S4)。
然后，经过将衬垫的外部表面通过等离子体进行热处理的衬垫加热步骤(S5)。为了加强强度，衬垫的外部表面用玻璃纤维包覆(winding),为此，利用氧等离子体对衬垫(12)外部表面进行热处理。利用氧气离子体对衬垫的外部表面进行热处理时，在树脂材质的衬垫表面以高能源溅射氧自由基或原子、分子，使得衬垫外部表面活性化，并带有电荷，并且，成为能够在后述的包覆步骤(S7)中与玻璃纤维强烈结合的活性状态。
然后，在衬垫结合传动轴(16)(S6)。传动轴(16)临时与衬垫的入口衬套(14)结合，在后述的包覆作业及在干燥炉进行固化作业时起到夹具作用。传动轴(16)结合得使固定在传动轴中心轴(15)的轴承(17)与衬套(14)的内面啮合。
然后，将多个玻璃纤维条与树脂及固化剂混合，并将混合的玻璃纤维包覆在所述衬垫的外部表面(S7)。用等离子体进行热处理的衬垫的表面易于与混合固化剂及树脂的玻璃纤维结合而一体化，如上述地强化强度的圆筒称为复合材料容器(12)。经过包覆步骤后即可完成制造复合材料容器(12)，复合材料容器(12)与作为原材料的衬垫的外形相同，但，与衬垫不同地具有能够耐于高压气体的内压的充分的强度。
然后，将经过所述玻璃纤维的包覆步骤的复合材料容器(12)通过与所述传动轴(16)结合的移动工具向干燥炉移动。干燥炉(未图示)通过借助于加热器及风扇的间接加热方式在70℃至90℃之间的温度范围维持一定的温度，并且，所述移动工具在干燥炉内部反复移送和反送复合材料容器(12)，使得复合材料容器(12)干燥70分钟至90分钟。并且，所述移动工具使得复合材料容器(12)旋转，使其反复移动和反送，以防止包覆在复合材料容器(12)的外部表面的玻璃纤维及树脂偏向一侧。
然后，使得复合材料容器(12)在常温下经过15分钟至40分钟的冷却步骤(S9)。这是为了使得干燥的复合材料容器(12)的表面温度下降至35℃以下，在常温下放置复合材料容器(12)15分钟至40分钟。
然后，从复合材料容器(12)分离传动轴(16)(S10)。并且，通过输送带将分离的传动轴(16)移动至上述工序即传动轴结合工序场所，再次使用。
然后，复合材料容器(12)经过肉眼检查和内压检查及干燥步骤(S11,S12,S13)。肉眼检查是通过检查者的肉眼确认复合材料容器(12)是否存在不良状态，内压检查是使得复合材料容器(12)的内压维持在2Mpa至4Mpa之间的恒压之后，下降至水槽并维持一定时间。这是为了检查是否耐于2Mpa至4Mpa之间的内压，如果不耐于内压时，在水槽发生水珠。如果低于2Mpa时则压力低，无需检查内压，如果为4Mpa以上，则内压过高，有可能损伤高压气瓶，因此，在该范围下进行压力测试尤其重要。
然后，将阀门(20)组装于设置在复合材料容器(12)的衬套(14)上(S14)。参照图4，可知晓在复合材料容器(12)结合衬套(14)、传动轴(16)、阀门(20)的结构，阀门(20)起到向高压气瓶的内部填充气体或排出气体的入口及出口作用。
当组装阀门(20)之后，使得复合材料容器(12)的内压维持1Mpa至2Mpa之间的恒压，并将组装有阀门(20)等的高压气瓶(10)入水至肥皂泡水槽，检查气密(S15)。在检查气密时，与内压不同地无需使压力高，只需给予气密检查所需的压力，该压力为1Mpa至2Mpa之间为宜。为了进行气密检查，使得高压气瓶(10)浸入肥皂泡水槽之后，检查是否产生泡沫。高压气瓶(10)指称在经过包覆步骤的复合材料容器(12)结合衬套(14)和阀门(20)的状态。
以上参照实施例进行了说明，但该技术领域的技术人员在不脱离权利要求范围中记载的本发明的思想及领域的前提下，可对于本发明进行各种修改及变形。
工业上的可利用性
本发明广泛利用与高压气瓶制造产业。

Claims (3)

1.一种高压气瓶制造方法，其特征在于，包括：
a)生产衬垫的步骤，利用衬垫吹塑机生产衬垫；
b)涂覆粘着剂的步骤，在所述生产的衬垫的螺纹上涂覆粘着剂；
c)结合衬套的步骤，在所述衬垫螺纹结合衬套；
d)自然固化步骤，将经过所述c)步骤的衬垫在常温下放置30分钟至2小时，以使所述粘着剂自然固化；
e)衬垫加热步骤，将所述衬垫的外部表面通过等离子体进行热处理；
f)结合传动轴的步骤，在所述衬垫结合传动轴；
g)包覆步骤，将多个玻璃纤维条与树脂及固化剂混合之后，包覆在所述衬垫的外部表面；
h)干燥固化步骤，将经过所述包覆步骤的复合材料容器在70℃至90℃下干燥70至90分钟；
i)冷却步骤，为了使得经过所述干燥固化步骤的所述复合材料容器的表面温度下降至35℃以下，将所述复合材料容器在常温下放置15至40分钟；
j)分离传动轴的步骤，从所述复合材料容器分离所述传动轴；
k)组装阀门的步骤，在设置于所述复合材料容器的所述衬套上组装阀门；及
l)检查步骤，检查包括所述复合材料容器的高压气瓶的状态。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高压气瓶制造方法，其特征在于，
所述a)步骤包括如下步骤：
通过所述衬垫吹塑机制造衬垫的步骤；
通过衬垫取出机从所述衬垫吹塑机取出所述衬垫的步骤；
去除所述衬垫的表面的碎片的步骤；
在常温下放置所述衬垫4至6小时使其熟成的步骤；及
检查所述衬垫的尺寸的步骤。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的高压气瓶制造方法，其特征在于，
所述l)步骤包括如下步骤：
内压检查步骤，使得所述复合材料容器的内压在2Mpa至4Mpa压力下维持一定时间，以便检查所述复合材料容器的内压；及
气密检查步骤，使得所述高压气瓶的内压维持1Mpa至2Mpa压力之后，使其入水至肥皂泡水槽，并检查所述高压气瓶的气密。
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