CN104630475A - Method for producing ferrochrome - Google Patents
Method for producing ferrochrome Download PDFInfo
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- CN104630475A CN104630475A CN201410834961.2A CN201410834961A CN104630475A CN 104630475 A CN104630475 A CN 104630475A CN 201410834961 A CN201410834961 A CN 201410834961A CN 104630475 A CN104630475 A CN 104630475A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing ferrochrome and relates to chain grate-rotary kiln combined metalized pellet hot-filled methods for producing ferrochrome. The method is characterized in that a production process sequentially comprises the steps of proportioning materials, drying, carrying out ball milling, carrying out water-sprayed mulling, carrying out material waking, pelletizing, carrying out drying and preheating, carrying out rotary kiln pellet prereduction, carrying out hot filling and carrying out submerged-arc furnace smelting. According to the method disclosed by the invention, through material proportioning, ball milling and pelletizing, exhaust gas of a rotary kiln is used for drying and preheating in a chain grate, coal gas of a closed submerged-arc furnace and natural gas are used for heating, carbon in coke powder is used for reducing oxides of chromium and iron in chromite ore powder pellets, the comprehensive reduction rate of metal is controlled to reach 55-70%, the pellets are enabled to be metalized, and then, hot filling is used for carrying out transporting so as to supply high-carbon ferrochrome to submerged-arc furnace smelting. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that furnace conditions are effectively improved, the production process is stable in process, the reduction efficiency is high, the power consumption is low, the production cycle of the submerged-arc furnace is shortened, the consumption of the raw materials is low, the metal recovery rate is high, and the discharge of pollutants, such as dust and SO2, is low.
Description
Technical field
Produce a method for ferrochrome, relate to a kind of method that grate kiln joint metal pellet hot charging produces ferrochrome.
Background technology
Chromium can increase the mechanical property of steel and wear resistance and high temperature resistant, can increase the deformability after the quenching degree of steel and quenching, strengthen the hardness of steel, elasticity, diamagnetism, tension stress, erosion resistance and thermotolerance.In the industrial production, the erosion resistance in order to improve steel adds ferrochrome usually in straight carbon steel.Therefore, high carbon ferro-chrome is indispensable additive in smelting steel, is also to produce stainless important source material.
At present, mineral hot furnace electric furnace process produces ferrochrome is the method the most generally adopted.Traditional mineral hot furnace electric furnace process production technique, production stage generally includes batching, group's ball, mine heat furnace smelting production ferrochrome.Its nodulizing process adopts pressure ball or shakes ball method, easily produces broken ball, make material ventilation property in stove bad, the working of a furnace is deteriorated; Mineral hot furnace adopts coke briquette to make reductive agent, can produce a large amount of S, CO
2, NO
2discharge, reduction temperature is unstable, and reduction efficiency is low; The direct cold charge of pelletizing enters mineral hot furnace or after shaft furnace drying, loads mineral hot furnace and carries out smelting reducing, causes that power consumption is high, the mineral hot furnace production cycle is long, and coke consumption is large, and production process to control difficulty large, the dust of generation and SO
2create harm Deng pollutent to environment, operating environment is poor, and the labour intensity of workman is high.
The ton power consumption reducing product is the thing that the numerous producers are concerned about the most, also constantly finds, tests and put into practice various way.Patent CN101144110A denomination of invention is that " utilizing the method for chromite ore fine and coal direct production ferrochrome " can only produce tiny ferrochrome particle, can not produce conventional ferrochrome block material.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly the deficiency existed for above-mentioned prior art, and provide one effectively can improve the working of a furnace, production process technology is stablized, reduction efficiency is high, and power consumption is low, the shortening of mineral hot furnace production cycle, and raw material consumption is low, and metal recovery rate is high, dust and SO
2deng the method for the low production ferrochrome of pollutant emission.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
Produce a method for ferrochrome, it is characterized in that the step of its production process comprises successively: (1) batching, (2) drying, (3) ball milling, (4) spray water are mixed, (5) wake up material, (6) pelletizing, (7) drying and preheating, the prereduction of (8) rotary kiln pelletizing, (9) heat pack, (10) mine heat furnace smelting.
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, is characterized in that the blending process of its step (1) is by coke powder: 16%-24%, wilkinite 2.5%-5%, and surplus is that the weight ratio of chrome ore carries out mix; And containing SiO in mix
2weight ratio be 2.5% ~ 8%, containing the weight ratio 8%-16% of MgO.
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, is characterized in that the mechanical milling process of its step (3) is that the mix of drying is milled to-0.074mm, is greater than 90%.
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, is characterized in that the mix mixture water ratio of process of its step (4) its spray water is 12% ~ 15%.
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, is characterized in that the awake material process described in its step (5) is material more than 3 hours of waking up at normal temperatures.
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, is characterized in that the pelletizing particle diameter of the balling process described in its step (6) is Φ 16 ± 2mm.
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, it is characterized in that the drying and preheating process described in its step (7) adopts drying grate to carry out drying and preheating, its drying temperature is 40 DEG C-900 DEG C, and the time is 10-30 minute.
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, it is characterized in that the pre-reduction described in its step (8) adopts rotary kiln to carry out pelletizing prereduction, the temperature 1350 DEG C ~ 1450 DEG C of its reduction, the recovery time is 2-3 hour.
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, is characterized in that the reduction ratio of the pre-reduction control chromium described in its step (8) is 50%-65%.
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, it is characterized in that the heat pack process described in its step (9) is that employing rotary kiln is carried out the material after pelletizing prereduction, after loading sealed can, direct hot charging enters in mineral hot furnace.
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, is characterized in that mine heat furnace smelting process described in its step (10) adopts and banishes formula ore-smelting furnace and carry out melting.
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, is characterized in that the rotary kiln that the pre-reduction described in its step (8) adopts uses electric furnace coal gas and Sweet natural gas as fuel.
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, is characterized in that the coal gas of the mine heat furnace smelting process generation described in its step (10) returns the rotary kiln of pre-reduction.
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, is characterized in that the waste heat of the drying and preheating process generation described in its step (7) returns the drying process of step (2).
A kind of method of producing ferrochrome of the present invention, chromite powder is mixed with coke powder, binding agent, be milled to-0.074mm order after batching, drying and reach more than 90%, promote that between ore particles, slip increase specific grain surface amasss mutually, then mix through trickle, wake up material, pelletizing, drying, preheating, roasting, High Temperature Pre reduce, pelletizing is metallized, strengthens pellet strength.
Owing to changing ore characteristic through being milled to-0.074mm, adding solid phase key bridge and liquid phase key bridge, improve ultimate compression strength and the dropping strength of green-ball and dry bulb; Trickle, mix with awake material process in ore particles fully mixed with binding agent with water, contact, the liquid phase key that the effect of water film surface tension force is formed makes mineral grain agglomerated together, awake material makes binding agent fully activate, after avoiding pelletizing at dry and initial stage of sintering because their aquation causes pelletizing to ftracture, and enhance the immersional wetting of caking agent fine particle to ore particles.
Method of the present invention, utilize drying grate that pelletizing is dry further, utilize electric furnace coal gas after entering rotary kiln, heated by natural gas makes pelletizing metallize to reach 55%-70%, then hot charging is to smelting into ferrochrome in closed submerged stove, ferrochrome ton consuming electric power drops to 2,050KWh.The complete Recovery of Seal Oil coal gas of mineral hot furnace, coal gas is used as the fuel of rotary kiln after purification, and Sweet natural gas is as fuel refreshment; The tail gas of drying grate is used for dry chromite powder; The tail gas of rotary kiln enters drying grate for drying and preheating pelletizing.Owing to adopting dry gas cleaning and using coal gas or Sweet natural gas as fuel, overcome coal-fired pollution on the environment, reach energy-saving and cost-reducing target.The whole serialization of this production technique, automatization, effectively improve working efficiency and reduce labour intensity, significantly reduces the power consumption and cost of producing ferrochrome, achieve energy-saving and emission-reduction and resource reutilization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Produce a method for ferrochrome, the step of its production process comprises successively: (1) batching, (2) drying, (3) ball milling, (4) spray water are mixed, (5) wake up material, (6) pelletizing, (7) drying and preheating, the prereduction of (8) rotary kiln pelletizing, (9) heat pack, (10) mine heat furnace smelting.
Feed proportioning of the present invention mainly comprises chromite powder, coke powder and bentonite in powder, and the fuel of described rotary kiln uses the coal gas and Sweet natural gas that reclaim, and in rotary kiln, the temperature of metallized pellet controls at 1350 DEG C ~ 1450 DEG C.Ensure to reach predetermined reduction requirement according to dispensing requirements, become metallized pellet, and make metallized pelletizing not be stained with rotary kiln inwall.
Stock and adjunct of the present invention is milled to-0.074mm together and reaches more than 90%, at ferric oxide and the reduction part Cr of reduced zone reduction more than 90%
2o
3, make metal overall reduction rate reach 55% ~ 70%, iron and chromium combined and forms good reducting pellet, then further smelt in hot charging to mineral hot furnace, pour into ferrochrome, significantly reduce a ton power consumption, thus make production cost greatly reduce.
Method of the present invention, is milled to-0.074mm together by chromite powder, coke powder, binding agent wilkinite, and pelletizing becomes
Ф 16 ± 2mm, utilizes the pelletizing that the tail gas of rotary kiln drying and preheating in drying grate is made, utilizes coal gas and the heated by natural gas of closed submerged stove, control temperature in rotary kiln, with the oxide compound of chromium and iron in the carbon reduction chromite powder pelletizing in coke powder.Due to CaO and Fe in pelletizing
2o
3the fusing point of the calcium ferrite generated in nonoxidizing atmosphere is 1170 DEG C, and it has been fluxed chromite powder, makes Cr in pelletizing
2o
3, can be reduced at a lower temperature, and dissolve mutually with as-reduced iron the metallized pellet becoming ferrochrome.Use sealed mineral hot furnace gas recovery and Sweet natural gas for rotary kiln baking, rotary kiln exhaust gas is used for drying grate and carries out pelletizing drying and preheating, make the coke powder in pelletizing by chromite powder 90% iron oxide reduction become metallic iron, and reduce Cr in chromite powder
2o
3, make metal overall reduction rate reach 55% ~ 70%, pelletizing metallized, then use heat pack to transport, supply mine heat furnace smelting high-carbon chrome alloy.
The present invention adopts coal gas and Sweet natural gas as fuel, and this is a kind of clean, green energy resource that high-quality, heat are high, meets the requirement of national environmental protection, low-carbon (LC).Use coal gas or Sweet natural gas as fuel, conveying is convenient, greatly reduces S, CO during burning
2, NO
2quantity discharged; And flame when coal gas and combustion of natural gas and temperature are all stablized than fire coal, be easy to control.Therefore, replace fire coal or heavy oil can improve atmospheric environment as fuel with coal gas and Sweet natural gas, reduce dust, SO in air
2deng the content of pollutent, decrease the labour intensity of workman.
Raw mixture proportion scale: chrome ore: 68-78%, coke powder: 16-24%, wilkinite: 2.5-5%;
Raw meal particle size after ball milling :-0.074mm percent of pass more than 90%; Pre-wet stock (after grinding pre-wet stock): moisture: 12 ~ 15%, true specific gravity: 1.4 ~ 1.6;
Green-ball, dry bulb and preheated pellets:
Embodiment 1
First press coke powder 16%, wilkinite 2.5%, surplus is that the weight ratio of chrome ore is carried out in mix, controls the SiO in batching
2weight ratio be the weight ratio 8% of 2.5%, MgO; Dried mix will be carried out and be milled to-0.074mm, be greater than 90%, then carry out spray water mix to mixture weight water ratio be 12%, then the material 3 hours of waking up at normal temperatures, carry out pelletizing, its pelletizing particle diameter is Φ 16 ± 2mm; Adopt drying grate to carry out drying and preheating to pelletizing, its drying temperature is 40 DEG C, and the time is 30 minutes, and the waste heat that drying and preheating process produces returns the drying process of mix; Carry out rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction again, pre-reduction adopts rotary kiln to carry out pelletizing prereduction, and the reduction ratio controlling chromium is 50%, the temperature of reduction 1350 DEG C, recovery time is 3 hours, and the rotary kiln that pre-reduction adopts uses electric furnace coal gas as fuel; Finally rotary kiln is carried out the material after pelletizing prereduction, after loading sealed can, direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, the coal gas that its mine heat furnace smelting process produces returns in the rotary kiln of pre-reduction and utilizes, make the iron oxide reduction of more than 90% through prereduction, make metal overall reduction rate reach 55%.
Embodiment 2
First press coke powder 20%, wilkinite 4%, surplus is that the weight ratio of chrome ore is carried out in mix, controls the SiO in batching
2weight ratio be the weight ratio 14% of 7%, MgO; Dried mix will be carried out and be milled to-0.074mm, be greater than 90%, then carry out spray water mix to mixture weight water ratio be 15%, then the material 9 hours of waking up at normal temperatures, carry out pelletizing, its pelletizing particle diameter is Φ 16 ± 2mm; Adopt drying grate to carry out drying and preheating to pelletizing, its drying temperature is 900 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes, and the waste heat that drying and preheating process produces returns the drying process of mix; Carry out rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction again, pre-reduction adopts rotary kiln to carry out pelletizing prereduction, and the reduction ratio controlling chromium is 55%, the temperature of reduction 1400 DEG C, recovery time is 2.5 hours, and the rotary kiln that pre-reduction adopts uses Sweet natural gas as fuel; Finally rotary kiln is carried out the material after pelletizing prereduction, after loading sealed can, direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, the coal gas that its mine heat furnace smelting process produces returns in the rotary kiln of pre-reduction and utilizes, make the iron oxide reduction of more than 90% through prereduction, make metal overall reduction rate reach 60%.
Embodiment 3
First press coke powder 24%, wilkinite 5%, surplus is that the weight ratio of chrome ore is carried out in mix, controls the SiO in batching
2weight ratio be the weight ratio 16% of 8%, MgO; Dried mix will be carried out and be milled to-0.074mm, be greater than 90%, then carry out spray water mix to mixture weight water ratio be 15%, more at normal temperatures wake up material more than 10 hours, carry out pelletizing, its pelletizing particle diameter is Φ 16 ± 2mm; Adopt drying grate to carry out drying and preheating to pelletizing, its drying temperature is 600 DEG C, and the time is 18 minutes, and the waste heat that drying and preheating process produces returns the drying process of mix; Carry out rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction again, pre-reduction adopts rotary kiln to carry out pelletizing prereduction, and the reduction ratio controlling chromium is 65%, the temperature of reduction 1450 DEG C, recovery time is 2 hours, and the rotary kiln that pre-reduction adopts uses electric furnace coal gas and Sweet natural gas as fuel; Finally rotary kiln is carried out the material after pelletizing prereduction, after loading sealed can, direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, the coal gas that its mine heat furnace smelting process produces returns in the rotary kiln of pre-reduction and utilizes, make the iron oxide reduction of more than 90% through prereduction, make metal overall reduction rate reach 65%.
Embodiment 4
First press coke powder 20%, wilkinite 3.5%, surplus is that the weight ratio of chrome ore is carried out in mix, controls the SiO in batching
2weight ratio be the weight ratio 14% of 6%, MgO; Dried mix will be carried out and be milled to-0.074mm, be greater than 90%, then carry out spray water mix to mixture weight water ratio be 13%, then the material 5 hours of waking up at normal temperatures, carry out pelletizing, its pelletizing particle diameter is Φ 16 ± 2mm; Adopt drying grate to carry out drying and preheating to pelletizing, its drying temperature is 300 DEG C, and the time is 20 minutes, and the waste heat that drying and preheating process produces returns the drying process of mix; Carry out rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction again, pre-reduction adopts rotary kiln to carry out pelletizing prereduction, and the reduction ratio controlling chromium is 58%, the temperature of reduction 1380 DEG C, recovery time is 2.2 hours, and the rotary kiln that pre-reduction adopts uses electric furnace coal gas and Sweet natural gas as fuel; Finally rotary kiln is carried out the material after pelletizing prereduction, after loading sealed can, direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, the coal gas that its mine heat furnace smelting process produces returns in the rotary kiln of pre-reduction and utilizes, make the iron oxide reduction of more than 90% through prereduction, make metal overall reduction rate reach 60%.
Embodiment 5
Other condition, with embodiment 1, comprises through mix, drying, ball milling, spray water mix, the dry bulb of material of waking up, pelletizing, drying and preheating is rolled into a ball composition: Cr
2o
3: 35.12%, FeO:19.52%, Fe:0.3%, Al
2o
3: 12.58%, SiO
2: 5.14%, MgO:8.76%, CaO:0.3%, C:15.4%;
Again through rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction, after reduction, the composition of pelletizing comprises Cr
2o
3: 20.38 %, Cr:16.67%, FeO:2.04%, Fe:18%, Al
2o
3: 16.05%, SiO
2: 6.56%, MgO:11.32%, CaO:0.35%, C:6.18 %; The iron oxide reduction of chromium more than reduction ratio 65.04%:90%, then direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, makes metal overall reduction rate reach 65%.
Embodiment 6
Other condition, with embodiment 2, comprises through mix, drying, ball milling, spray water mix, the dry bulb of material of waking up, pelletizing, drying and preheating is rolled into a ball composition: Cr
2o
3: 34.69%, FeO:19.14%, Fe:0.3%, Al
2o
3: 12.06%, SiO
2: 4.92%, MgO:8.56%, CaO:0.28%, C:16.85%;
Again through rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction, after reduction, the composition of pelletizing comprises Cr
2o
3: 18.97%, Cr:16.02%, FeO:2.34%, Fe:16.93%, Al
2o
3: 15.91%, SiO
2: 6.32%, MgO:11.85%, CaO:0.39%, C:8.31 %; The iron oxide reduction of chromium more than reduction ratio 63.33%%:90%, then direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, makes metal overall reduction rate reach 69%.
Embodiment 7
Other condition, with embodiment 3, comprises through mix, drying, ball milling, spray water mix, the dry bulb of material of waking up, pelletizing, drying and preheating is rolled into a ball composition: Cr
2o
3: 34.46%, FeO:19.37%, Fe:0.3%, Al
2o
3: 12.14%, SiO
2: 4.9%, MgO:8.62%, CaO:0.31%, C:16.80%; Again through rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction, after reduction, the composition of pelletizing comprises Cr
2o
3: 19.83%, Cr:15.69%, FeO:1.94%, Fe:15.72%, Al
2o
3: 15.81%, SiO
2: 6.83%, MgO:11.65%, CaO:0.56%, C:6.94%; The iron oxide reduction of chromium reduction ratio reduction ratio 63.48%, more than 90%, then direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, makes metal overall reduction rate reach 70%.
Embodiment 8
Other condition, with embodiment 4, comprises through mix, drying, ball milling, spray water mix, the dry bulb of material of waking up, pelletizing, drying and preheating is rolled into a ball composition: Cr
2o
3: 36.33%, FeO:18.41%, Fe:0.3%, Al
2o
3: 12.62%, SiO
2: 5.24%, MgO:8.53%, CaO:0.3%, C:15.2%; Again through rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction, after reduction, the composition of pelletizing comprises Cr
2o
3: 18.85%, Cr:15.77%, FeO:2.08%, Fe:16.79%, Al
2o
3: 16.49%, SiO
2: 6.75%, MgO:11.59%, CaO:0.7%, C:6.79%; The iron oxide reduction of chromium reduction ratio reduction ratio 64.66%, more than 90%, then direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, makes metal overall reduction rate reach 65%.
Embodiment 9
Other condition, with embodiment 4, comprises Cr through mix, drying, ball milling, spray water mix, the dry bulb of material of waking up, pelletizing, drying and preheating is rolled into a ball composition
2o
3: 36.21%, FeO:20.09%, Fe:0.3%, Al
2o
3: 11.52%, SiO
2: 4.99%, MgO:8.71%, CaO:0.3%, C:15.51%; Again through rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction, after reduction, the composition of pelletizing comprises Cr
2o
3: 18.99%, Cr:15.52%, FeO:1.92%, Fe:16.6%, Al
2o
3: 16.14%, SiO
2: 5.49%, MgO:13.73%, CaO:0.3%, C:7.14%; The iron oxide reduction of chromium reduction ratio 65.79%, more than 90%, then direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, makes metal overall reduction rate reach 67%.
Embodiment 10
Other condition, with embodiment 4, comprises Cr through mix, drying, ball milling, spray water mix, the dry bulb of material of waking up, pelletizing, drying and preheating is rolled into a ball composition
2o
3: 35.73%, FeO:19.81%, Fe:0.3%, Al
2o
3: 11.99%, SiO
2: 5.01%, MgO:8.9%, CaO:0.28%, C:16.02%;
Again through rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction, after reduction, the composition of pelletizing comprises Cr
2o
3: 21.09%, Cr:15.19%, FeO:2.26%, Fe:16.82%, Al
2o
3: 15.97%, SiO
2: 6.23%, MgO:12.11%, CaO:0.3%, C:6.28%; ; The iron oxide reduction of chromium reduction ratio 62.71%, more than 90%, then direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, makes metal overall reduction rate reach 55%.
Embodiment 11
Other condition, with embodiment 4, comprises Cr through mix, drying, ball milling, spray water mix, the dry bulb of material of waking up, pelletizing, drying and preheating is rolled into a ball composition
2o
3: 35.99%, FeO:18.36%, Fe:0.3%, Al
2o
3: 12.68%, SiO
2: 5.13%, MgO:8.99%, CaO:0.3%, C:15.62%; Again through rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction, after reduction, the composition of pelletizing comprises Cr
2o
3: 21.36%, Cr:15.02%, FeO:2.12%, Fe:16.62%, Al
2o
3: 15.85%, SiO
2: 6.07%, MgO:12.34%, CaO:0.33%, C:6.75%; The iron oxide reduction of chromium reduction ratio 61.86%, more than 90%, then direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, makes metal overall reduction rate reach 65%.
Embodiment 12
Other condition, with embodiment 4, comprises Cr through mix, drying, ball milling, spray water mix, the dry bulb of material of waking up, pelletizing, drying and preheating is rolled into a ball composition
2o
3: 35.75%, FeO:19.27%, Fe:0.3%, Al
2o
3: 11.98%, SiO
2: 5.05%, MgO:8.67%, CaO:0.29%, C:15.72%; Again through rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction, after reduction, the composition of pelletizing comprises Cr
2o
3: 20.13%, Cr:14.87%, FeO:2.01%, Fe:16.71%, Al
2o
3: 17.14%, SiO
2: 6.94%, MgO:11.34%, CaO:0.35%, C:7.86%; The iron oxide reduction of chromium reduction ratio 62.93%, more than 90%, then direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, makes metal overall reduction rate reach 70%.
Embodiment 13
Other condition, with embodiment 4, comprises Cr through mix, drying, ball milling, spray water mix, the dry bulb of material of waking up, pelletizing, drying and preheating is rolled into a ball composition
2o
3: 37.57%, FeO:17.59%, Fe:0.3%, Al
2o
3: 11.92%, SiO
2: 4.86%, MgO:9.24%, CaO:0.3%, C:15.47%; Again through rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction, after reduction, the composition of pelletizing comprises Cr
2o
3: 17.52%, Cr:16.93%, FeO:2.09%, Fe:15.97%, Al
2o
3: 16.38%, SiO
2: 7.01%, MgO:12.56%, CaO:0.37%, C:6.86%; The iron oxide reduction of chromium reduction ratio 68.42%, more than 90%, then direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, makes metal overall reduction rate reach 69%.
Embodiment 14
Other condition, with embodiment 4, comprises Cr through mix, drying, ball milling, spray water mix, the dry bulb of material of waking up, pelletizing, drying and preheating is rolled into a ball composition
2o
3: 38.15%, FeO:20.14%, Fe:0.3%, Al
2o
3: 11.86%, SiO
2: 4.92%, MgO:9.03%, CaO:0.34%, C:15.26%; Again through rotary kiln pelletizing pre-reduction, after reduction, the composition of pelletizing comprises Cr
2o
3: 20.71%, Cr:15.18%, FeO:1.94%, Fe:16.26%, Al
2o
3: 15.97%, SiO
2: 6.77%, MgO:12.44%, CaO:0.65%, C:6.84%; The iron oxide reduction of chromium reduction ratio 69.23%, more than 90%, then direct hot charging enters the formula ore-smelting furnace of banishing and carries out melting, makes metal overall reduction rate reach 68%.
The present invention utilizes chromite ore fine and coke powder and binding agent to grind altogether to reach-0.074mm, make the iron oxide reduction of more than 90% through prereduction, make metal overall reduction rate reach 55%-70%, and comprehensive production cost reduces by 15 ~ 20%.
Claims (14)
1. produce a method for ferrochrome, it is characterized in that the step of its production process comprises successively: (1) batching, (2) drying, (3) ball milling, (4) spray water are mixed, (5) wake up material, (6) pelletizing, (7) drying and preheating, the prereduction of (8) rotary kiln pelletizing, (9) heat pack, (10) mine heat furnace smelting.
2. a kind of method of producing ferrochrome according to claim 1, is characterized in that the blending process of its step (1) is by coke powder: 16%-24%, wilkinite 2.5%-5%, and surplus is that the weight ratio of chrome ore carries out mix; And containing SiO in mix
2weight ratio be 2.5% ~ 8%, containing the weight ratio 8%-16% of MgO.
3. a kind of method of producing ferrochrome according to claim 1, is characterized in that the mechanical milling process of its step (3) is that the mix of drying is milled to-0.074mm, is greater than 90%.
4. a kind of method of producing ferrochrome according to claim 1, is characterized in that the mix mixture water ratio of process of its step (4) its spray water is 12% ~ 15%.
5. a kind of method of producing ferrochrome according to claim 1, is characterized in that the awake material process described in its step (5) is material more than 3 hours of waking up at normal temperatures.
6. a kind of method of producing ferrochrome according to claim 1, is characterized in that the pelletizing particle diameter of the balling process described in its step (6) is Φ 16 ± 2mm.
7. a kind of method of producing ferrochrome according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the drying and preheating process described in its step (7) adopts drying grate to carry out drying and preheating, its drying temperature is 40-900 DEG C, and the time is 10-30 minute.
8. a kind of method of producing ferrochrome according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the pre-reduction described in its step (8) adopts rotary kiln to carry out pelletizing prereduction, the temperature 1350 DEG C ~ 1450 DEG C of its reduction, the recovery time is 2-3 hour.
9. a kind of method of producing ferrochrome according to claim 1, is characterized in that the reduction ratio of the pre-reduction control chromium described in its step (8) is 50%-65%.
10. a kind of method of producing ferrochrome according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the heat pack process described in its step (9) is that employing rotary kiln is carried out the material after pelletizing prereduction, after loading sealed can, direct hot charging enters in mineral hot furnace.
11. a kind of methods of producing ferrochrome according to claim 1, is characterized in that mine heat furnace smelting process described in its step (10) adopts and banish formula ore-smelting furnace and carry out melting.
12. a kind of methods of producing ferrochrome according to claim 1, is characterized in that the rotary kiln that the pre-reduction described in its step (8) adopts uses electric furnace coal gas and Sweet natural gas as fuel.
13. a kind of methods of producing ferrochrome according to claim 1, is characterized in that the coal gas of the mine heat furnace smelting process generation described in its step (10) returns in the rotary kiln of pre-reduction and utilize.
14. a kind of methods of producing ferrochrome according to claim 1, is characterized in that the waste heat of the drying and preheating process generation described in its step (7) returns the drying process of step (2).
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| CN105112663A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-02 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司 | Combined production process for high-carbon ferro-chrome and semi-coke |
| CN105112649A (en) * | 2015-09-06 | 2015-12-02 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Method for preparing ferrochrome |
| CN105132674A (en) * | 2015-09-06 | 2015-12-09 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Ferrochrome preparation method |
| CN106086402A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of production method of ferrochrome |
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| CN112899426A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-06-04 | 乔柏人 | Process for producing ferrochromium alloy by using tunnel kiln |
| CN112899426B (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2022-03-25 | 乔柏人 | Process for producing ferrochromium alloy by using tunnel kiln |
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