CN104630229B - 一种具有启动子功能的dna片段与应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有启动子功能的DNA片段与应用,所述DNA片段为如下任一序列:(a)如SEQ ID NO:1所示的核苷酸序列或者其互补序列;(b)对SEQ ID NO:1所示的核苷酸序列进行一个或多个核苷酸取代、缺失或添加所获得的,具有与SEQ ID NO:1相同的作为启动子功能的核苷酸序列或者其互补序列;(c)对SEQ ID NO:1所示的核苷酸序列添加一个或多个核糖体结合位点的序列。该DNA具有启动子功能,具有很强的表达活性,在不需要添加诱导物的条件下即能实现外源基因的高表达,将其运用于耐热β‑半乳糖苷酶和转谷氨酰胺酶的表达。特别为解淀粉芽孢杆菌外源基因的表达提供了有效的工具。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种DNA片段,具体涉及一种具有启动子功能的DNA片段以及它的用途。
背景技术
解淀粉芽孢杆菌是一种在农业、医药和食品工业都有广泛用途的重要的工业微生物生产菌株之一。目前在解淀粉芽孢杆菌中高效生产高附加值的重组酶仍有许多限制,其中缺乏高效转录的启动子、可以控制的启动子,具有特征的启动子是限制基因高效表达的主要限制因素。启动子是基因表达的重要组成元件,是RNA聚合酶结合开始转录合成mRNA的地方,启动子与RNA聚合酶的结合效率是影响酶基因表达的关键。不同于大肠杆菌,研究表明枯草菌属含有丰富的σ因子(12种),RNA聚合酶与启动子的特异性结合取决于σ因子,给在枯草菌属中搜寻高效的启动子带来了难度。
目前报道用于枯草菌属表达重组蛋白的有三类启动子,首先是诱导型启动子。Pspac(杂合启动子,来源于枯草芽孢杆菌噬菌体SPO-1与大肠杆菌lac操纵子的融合)需要添加IPTG诱导,其弱点是启动效率不强需要改进。Pxyl启动子需要木糖作为诱导物,最初运用于枯草芽孢杆菌中,现在也运用于巨大芽孢杆菌的蛋白表达系统,通过加添0.1-2%的木糖,启动子效率上调200倍。PcitM来源于枯草芽孢杆菌,只需要添加2mM柠檬酸盐作为诱导物就可以合成大量蛋白;PsacB用于生产一系列降解酶包括胞内水解酶,胞外分泌酶果聚糖蔗糖酶,碱性蛋白水解酶等。Ptet用四环素作为诱导,Geissendorfer和Hillen将其成功用于生产葡糖脱氢酶和人单链尿激酶。基于glycine riboswitch特点构建利用甘氨酸作为诱导物的启动子体系。其次是与生长阶段相关的启动子类型。比如rpsF基因启动子,编码S6和S18核糖体蛋白,单链DNA锚定蛋白,在对数生长阶段被激活。Nijland等利用rpsF基因启动子在产气荚膜杆菌中大量生产β-类毒素。aprE编码枯草杆菌蛋白酶,其基因启动子在生长稳定期被激活,属于sigA因子类型的启动子,启动强度高。Jan等利用该启动子的单拷贝重组蛋白整合枯草芽孢杆菌基因组中可以获得10%的总蛋白量。最后是自诱导启动子。Ppst启动子可以在磷酸盐饥饿状态的情况下表达上调5000倍。Kerovuo利用Ppst启动子获得2.9g/L植酸酶占胞外总蛋白的65%。PgsiB属于sigB因子类型的启动子,其特点是其mRNA有很长的半衰期达到20min,是应对压力时被诱导,比如温度压力,盐浓度压力,pH压力或者乙醇压力。基于lysine riboswirch特点的启动子(与glycine riboswitch相反)在细胞质中存在大量的赖氨酸时转录终止。
而解淀粉芽孢杆菌的启动子的挖掘和应用和其它芽孢杆菌属相比就非常少了。非专利文献Marcus Schallme et al.(Developments in the use of Bacillus speciesfor industrial production.Canadian Journal of Microbiology[J].2004,50:1-17.)报道利用解淀粉芽孢杆菌的α-淀粉酶启动子用于表达胞外α-淀粉酶具有明显的热稳定性并用于糖化作用中,其缺点在于α-淀粉酶启动子的活性还需要进一步提高。专利文献王正祥(王正祥.一种β-葡聚糖酶的高效制备方法.CN201110001750[P].2006.)报道将源于地衣芽孢杆菌高温α-淀粉酶启动子和来源于解淀粉芽孢杆菌的中温α-淀粉酶启动子组合成杂合启动子成功产业化生产β-葡聚糖酶,该杂合启动子具有一定的偏好性。因此,需要挖掘更多优良性状的不同启动子运用于工业化生产中。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于在解淀粉芽孢杆菌中寻找高表达的启动子,并能运用于异源蛋白的表达和生产。本发明提供了一种DNA片段,该DNA片段具有启动子的功能;本发明还提供了所述DNA片段的用途。
该方法涉及运用RNA-seq技术测定解淀粉芽孢杆菌在对数生长后期的全基因转录组,筛选高表达的基因,在解淀粉芽孢杆菌中找到一个转录活性高的基因。克隆所筛选的高表达基因对应的启动子序列,并应用于耐热β-半乳糖苷酶基因(bgaB)的表达,通过测定bgaB的活性,证明筛选的启动子在解淀粉芽孢杆菌中具有高活性。应用于转谷氨酰胺酶(MTG)的表达,通过SDS-PAGE电泳图验证其蛋白表达。
本发明提供了一种DNA片段,所述DNA片段为如下任一序列:
(a)如SEQ ID NO:1所示的核苷酸序列或者其互补序列;
(b)对SEQ ID NO:1所示的核苷酸序列进行一个或多个核苷酸取代、缺失或添加所获得的,具有与SEQ ID NO:1相同的作为启动子功能的核苷酸序列或者其互补序列;
(c)对SEQ ID NO:1所示的核苷酸序列添加一个或多个核糖体结合位点的序列。
所述核糖体结合位点的序列为SEQ ID NO:2所示的核苷酸序列。
一种载体,所述载体包含权利要求1所述的DNA序列和SEQ ID NO:2所示的核苷酸序列,优选地,所述载体为质粒载体,如序列SEQ ID NO:15所示。
一种表达质粒,所述质粒包含上述载体以及与该载体可操作连接的位于所述DNA序列下游编码异源蛋白质核苷酸序列。
所述异源蛋白质核苷酸序列为好热地芽孢杆菌(Geobacillus kaustophilus)编码的耐热β-半乳糖苷酶的核苷酸序列,或为茂原链霉菌(Streptomyces mobaraensia)编码的转谷氨酰胺酶的核苷酸序列。
一种宿主细胞,所述宿主细胞为上述载体或者上述质粒转化或转导的宿主细胞。
所述宿主细胞为芽孢杆菌。
所述宿主细胞为解淀粉芽孢杆菌。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明提供了一种DNA片段,该DNA是一启动子,具有很强的特异表达活性,在不需要添加诱导物的条件下即能实现外源基因的高表达,特别是为解淀粉芽孢杆菌表达外源基因提供了有效的工具。
附图说明
图1是实施例2中生长对数后期的解淀粉芽孢杆菌提取总RNA电泳图(1,2:生长对数后期的解淀粉芽孢杆菌提取总RNA)。
图2是实施例3中扩增Pscut01的PCR产物电泳图(M:marker DNA;1,2:Pscut01的PCR扩增产物)。
图3是实施例4中扩增bgaB基因PCR产物电泳图(M:marker DNA;1,2:bgaB基因PCR扩增产物)。
图4是实施例4中扩增biobrick的PCR片段电泳图(M:marker DNA;1,2:biobrick的PCR扩增产物)。
图5是实施例5中融合PCR扩增Pscut01+samyQ信号肽片段电泳图(M:marker DNA;1:Pscut01+samyQ信号肽PCR扩增产物)。
图6是实施例4bgaB基因表达质粒pBE-P43-bgaB构建示意图。
图7是实施例4表达质粒pBE-Pscut01-bgaB构建示意图。
图8是实施例5中MTG表达质粒pBE-Pscut01-MTG构建示意图。
图9是实施例7带有Pscut01启动子的bgaB基因表达质粒的解淀粉芽孢杆菌转化子的bgaB酶活曲线。
图10是实施例7带有Pscut01启动子的MTG表达的SDS-PAGE电泳胶图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,但并不局限于此。
以下实施例中所采用的分子生物学实验技术包括PCR扩增、质粒提取、DNA片段酶切、连接、凝胶电泳等具体参见《分子克隆实验指南》(第三版)(Sambrook J,Russell DW,Janssen K,Argentine J.黄培堂等译,2002,北京:科学出版社)。
从一株解淀粉芽孢杆菌培养的生产对数后期阶段提取细菌RNA。对细菌RNA进行转录组测序建库,去掉核糖体RNA,对mRNA进行反转录建立cDNA文库。对细菌全转录组进行分析,根据代表基因转录水平的标准化数据RPKM值判断其表达量水平较高的基因,然后分析其启动子区。将所选的启动子接入载体,测定启动子在解淀粉芽孢杆菌中的活性。
实施例1
细菌的培养
将解淀粉芽孢杆菌(-80℃)甘油管取出划线于LB固体平板上37℃培养20-24h,挑取单菌落于10mL的1%终浓度葡萄糖的LB培养基,37℃,200rpm培养至OD6008.5~10(U2000型全波长分光光度计,日本Hitachi公司)。
实施例2
细菌总RNA的提取、转录组文库的建立及测序
收集实施例1中1mL细胞于10000g快速离心1min用于提取细菌总RNA,如图1。具体的提取方法参考天根生化科技有限公司的细胞细菌总RNA提取试剂盒。用于RNA-Seq测序文库制备的样品经Agilent Technologies 2100Bioanalyzer检测合格,经过DNaseI(RNaseFree)处理混入的DNA分子,用Ribo-Zero(Gram-Positive Bacteria)kit(USA)去掉占总RNA绝大多数的rRNA,纯化得到的mRNA。将mRNA先打断为合适大小的片段,以片段化的mRNA为模板,加入反转录酶和随机引物,合成双链cDNA,然后用试剂盒QIAquick PCR PurificationKit(Qiagen)纯化合成的cDNA。补平cDNA的粘性末端,然后在一条链上加上一个腺嘌呤核苷酸,以这个突出的A配对含有突出的T的一级接头序列。在分别能配对一级接头两端的引物存在的条件下进行PCR扩增,经过多次循环,将PCR结果进行凝胶电泳并切胶回收预定大小的胶带,这时得到的加上二级接头的序列组成的文库进行上机测序。RNA-Seq文库的测序由广州基迪奥生物科技有限公司提供测序服务。测序时分别将两端向中心的100bp的序列信息读出(PE100),称为reads,将这些reads比对到细菌基因组上就可以进行注释及表达量计算等后续生物信息学分析。
实施例3
筛选并克隆启动子片段
通过RNA-Seq测序数据分析解淀粉芽孢杆菌转录本结构及全基因组分析含有转录起始位置的基因,通过RPKM量化,筛选一株表达量高的基因,其序列如SEQ ID NO 1所示。以解淀粉芽孢杆菌XH7菌株的基因组DNA为模板,以人工合成引物SEQ ID NO 3、SEQ ID NO 4进行扩增300bp大小的DNA片段,即Pscut01启动子片段,如图2,与目的产物大小相符。引入酶切位点EcoRI,KpnI。
实施例4
构建bgaB表达质粒
bgaB基因以Geobacillus kaustophilus(CGMCC 1.3655)为模板,人工合成片段SEQ ID NO5、SEQ ID NO6为引物扩增约2000bp大小的PCR产物(如图3),用限制性内切酶KpnI和SalI消化并纯化PCR产物,插入质粒pBE-p43质粒用同样酶切位点KpnI和SalI切开的缺口,得到pBE-P43-bgaB质粒(如图6)。质粒用Sanger法确认克隆的bgaB基因的碱基序列。
以两段人工合成片段SEQ ID NO 7、SEQ ID NO 8退火延伸得到的biobrick的PCR片段带有酶切位点AflⅡ和SalⅠ,用限制性内切酶消化并纯化的约100bp大小的PCR产物(如图4)插入质粒pBE-P43-bgaB相同内切酶位置,得到pBE-rbs-biobrick-bgaB质粒,设计的biobrick的PCR片段如SEQ ID NO 9所示,含有SEQ ID NO 2序列。扩增的PCR片段碱基序列由Sanger测序确认。实施例3中得到带EcoRI,KpnI酶切位点的Pscut01启动子片段经过酶切、纯化后插入pBE-rbs-biobrick-bgaB质粒构建得到目的启动子的bgaB基因表达质粒pBE-Pscut01-bgaB(如图7)。
实施例5
构建MTG表达质粒
以pBE-Pscut01-bgaB质粒为模板,人工合成片段SEQ ID NO 10、SEQ ID NO11为引物扩增5’端带有EcoRⅠ酶切位点的Pscut01片段,设计的扩增片段含有SEQ ID NO 2序列。以质粒pBEp43-proMTG(专利文献:潘力等.一株重组的枯草芽孢杆菌及其生产转谷氨酰胺酶的方法.CN201210052578.2[P].2012.)为模板,人工合成片段SEQ ID NO 12、SEQ ID NO 13为引物扩增3’端带有BamHⅠ酶切位点的samyQ信号肽片段。分别将PCR扩增的Pscut01片段和samyQ信号肽片段胶回收,然后取等摩尔比例的胶回收产物作为模板,用人工合成片段SEQ ID NO10,SEQ ID NO 13扩增得到大小约450bp融合片段Pscut01+samyQ信号肽(如图5)。融合DNA片段的核苷酸序列见序列表SEQ ID NO 14,融合DNA片段的5’端和3’端分别带有EcoRⅠ和BamHⅠ的酶切位点。用限制性内切酶EcoRⅠ和BamHⅠ消化Pscut01+samyQ融合片段,回收,纯化后插入pBEp43-proMTG质粒用相同内切酶酶切的位置,构建得到MTG表达质粒pBEpscut01-proMTG(如图8)。
实施例6
筛选解淀粉芽孢杆菌转化体
将构建好的目的启动子的bgaB表达质粒pBE-Pscut01-bgaB和MTG表达质粒pBEpscut01-proMTG先用化学转化法(氯化钙法)转化至大肠杆菌(E.coli JM110),然后从重组E.coli JM110提取质粒pBE-Pscut01-bgaB和pBEpscut01-proMTG,用电转化的方法转化至解淀粉芽孢杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens XH7,具体方法参考非专利文献记录NataliaP,Zakataeva,Oksana V et al.A simple method to introduce marker-free geneticmodification into chromosome of naturally nontransformable Bacillusamyloliquefaciens strains[J].ApplMicrobiolBiotechnol.2010,85:1201-1209),得转化菌株B.amyloliquefaciens XH7(pBE-Pscut01-bgaB)和B.amyloliquefaciens XH7(pBEpscut01-proMTG)。
实施例7
评估启动子的表达水平
菌液预处理:将得到的转化子B.amyloliquefaciens XH7(pBE-Pscut01-bgaB)培养于LB培养基中(20ug/mL卡那霉素),37℃200rpm培养20h,收集250uL菌体,10000g离心1min,弃上清液用,pH 7.0的磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)洗两次,37℃用2mg/mL溶菌酶处理10min。溶菌酶处理后冻于液氮中5min,最后置于40℃500W超声波5min。10000g离心1min上清用来测定β-葡萄糖半乳糖苷酶酶活。
β-葡萄糖半乳糖苷酶酶活的测定:将32uL一定稀释度的预处理菌液与288uL0.25%ONPG(o-Nitrophenyl-β-D-Galactopyranoside,邻硝基苯β-D-半乳吡喃糖苷)混合,55℃下温育15min,反应终止加入320uL的10%Na2CO3。反应呈显色反应,在405nm波长下测定吸光值。对照菌株B.amyloliquefaciens XH7(pBE-rbs-biobrick-bgaB)无显色反应,在405nm波长下测定吸光值(0.025)与空白对照(PBS,0.02)差不多,无β-葡萄糖半乳糖苷酶活性(如图9)。结果表明启动子Pscut01启动β-葡萄糖半乳糖苷酶表达,酶活在18h-26h的表达最高,其中24h达到最高酶活5300mU/mL。
挑取解淀粉芽孢杆菌B.amyloliquefaciens XH7(pBE-pscut01-proMTG)的单菌落于10mL LB培养基中(卡纳霉素20ug/mL),37℃,200rpm活化14-16h,将活化的种子接种于50mLLB培养基中(卡纳霉素20ug/mL)接种量为1%(体积比),37℃,200rpm发酵24h离心取上清,上清液跑SDS-PAGE电泳,与野生型解淀粉芽孢杆菌B.amyloliquefaciens XH7作为对照,蛋白胶图显示在44-46KDa有条带和MTG蛋白大小一致,而野生型对照在此大小范围内无条带,实验结果说明MTG蛋白酶原得到表达(如图10)。
Claims (6)
1.一种具有启动子功能的DNA片段,其特征在于,所述DNA片段为:
如SEQ ID NO:15所示的核苷酸序列或者其互补序列。
2.一种载体,其特征在于,所述载体包含权利要求1所述的DNA。
3.根据权利要求2所述的载体,其特征在于,所述载体包含权利要求1所述的DNA以及与该DNA可操作连接的位于所述DNA序列下游编码异源蛋白质核苷酸序列;所述异源蛋白质核苷酸序列为好热地芽孢杆菌(Geobacillus kaustophilus)编码的耐热β-半乳糖苷酶的核苷酸序列,或为茂原链霉菌(Streptomyces mobaraensia)编码的转谷氨酰胺酶的核苷酸序列。
4.一种宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞为权利要求2或3所述的载体转化或转导的宿主细胞。
5.根据权利要求4所述的宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞为芽孢杆菌。
6.根据权利要求5所述的宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞为解淀粉芽孢杆菌。
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