CN104620853A - Culture method of ganoderma lucidum spore powder or sporocarp rich in selenium - Google Patents
Culture method of ganoderma lucidum spore powder or sporocarp rich in selenium Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
Abstract
The invention relates to a culture method of ganoderma lucidum rich in selenium, in particular to a culture method of ganoderma lucidum spore powder or sporocarp rich in selenium. The method comprises the steps of preparing a selenium source, preparing a base stock rich in selenium and preparing a culture medium rich in selenium, wherein the selenium source is an inorganic selenium source. According to the method, by converting inorganic selenium absorbed by the ganoderma lucidum in the growth process into organic selenium which is safe, efficient and easy to absorb, increase of active ingredients of the ganoderma lucidum is facilitated, and the cultured ganoderma lucidum is stronger in medicine effect. The culture method of the ganoderma lucidum spore powder or sporocarp rich in selenium is low in cost and has a little poisonous effect on mutiple mycelia, a culture process is simple and easy to implement, and the cultured ganoderma lucidum sporocarp or spore powder is high in selenium content.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of cultivation, be specifically related to the breeding method of a kind of Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder or fruit body.
Background technology
Selenium is the trace element of needed by human, has extremely important biological function to health.Different from other semimetal, as a part for selenocysteine the 21st amino acid of synthetic protein (in the mankind), selenium can become a part for protein by cotranslation mechanism.So far existing 25 selenoproteins are identified in mankind's body, but they only have little function to be understood.Most selenoprotein participates in the adjustment of anti-oxidant response and redox state, particularly glutathione peroxidase (GPxs) family and thioredoxin reductase (TrxRs) family.Some selenoproteins also play and more specifically must act on, such as, first gland propylhomoserin takes off iodinase (DIOs) and participates in thyroxinic metabolism, and GPx4 is that sperm development is requisite, and selenium phosphate synthase 2 (SPS2) participates in the biosynthesis of selenoprotein.Other selenoprotein may also take part in important bioprocess, but their definite mechanism of action present stages are not also fully realized.
Although lack accurate understanding to the biochemical function of selenoprotein, but shown by the large quantity research that Two decades years is carried out in the past: selenium level, especially the deficiency of selenoprotein is relevant to many human diseases, and these diseases comprise cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and disease of immune system.In most cases, this contact is that oxidative stress may be diseases induced or be caused by disease.In addition, the gene pleiomorphism of selenoprotein found recently and the correlation of cancer and Other diseases, attract attention.Further, lot of documents supports the important function of selenium to human health, has expedited the emergence of the study hotspot of Selenium Supplement.
Cancer research is most promising battle line, and selenium, as the key components of some newly-designed anticarcinogens, tests use.On the other hand, due to chemoprophylactic rise, natural plant composition, dietary changes intervention become hot-point and frontier, utilize vegeto-animal growth characteristics, the inorganic selenium manually applied or some Organic Selenium are absorbed, Natural Transformation becomes distinctive Se form in vivo, the food provided in company with animals and plants, medicine supply people eat, not only reach the health-care effect of Selenium Supplement, and in conjunction with the effective component of former plant, play stronger, even new effect.On market, the rich selenium product of low side is numerous, such as selenium-rich corn, selenium-enriched garlic, selenium-rich rice, product containing organic selenium, selenium-enriched tea leaf etc., but lacks clear and definite pharmacy value.
Glossy ganoderma is the general name of the red sesame of Basidiomycetes Polyporaceae Ganoderma fungi and purple sesame, possesses very high medical value, is one of large panacea of Chinese tradition four.Modern medicine study also confirms, glossy ganoderma all has significant curative effect for the aspect such as enhancing body immunity, adjustment blood sugar, control blood pressure, adjuvant therapy chemicotherapy, liver protecting, promotion sleep.Research shows that Wild ganoderma Se content is compared other species and had higher content, and the drug effect of glossy ganoderma may be relevant with trace element, therefore enlightens people and makes glossy ganoderma absorb Enriching Selenium by the artificial selemium nutrition element that adds, and become a hot research nearly ten years.
Such as, inorganic sodium selenite is adopted to be selenium source in the technical scheme of Chinese patent application " organic Se-rich lucid ganoderma healthy product and preparation method thereof " (number of patent application 200810073463.5), be mixed in planting material and cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, fruit body Se content can reach 69.04mg/kg; In addition, describing in Chinese patent application " a kind of breeding method of selenium-enriched log glossy ganoderma spore powder " (number of patent application 200810109660.8) utilizes sodium selenite for selenium source, first Se-rich lucid ganoderma bacterial classification is cultivated, then Se-rich lucid ganoderma seed is inoculated in the planting material containing sodium selenite, then cultivated the method for Se-rich lucid ganoderma by segment wood cultivated mode, the Se content in the lucidum spore powder finally obtained can reach 51-130mg/kg.Disclosed in above two patent applications, breeding method is substantially identical, but all there is the glossy ganoderma problem not high to the Absorption and accumulation utilization ratio of selenium in these two kinds of technical schemes, and need to use heavy dose of selenium (such as, the proportioning of sodium selenite and medium is 25-100mg/kg), in order to overcome the toxicity that sodium selenite is grown mycelial growth, need to use a large amount of wood chips (for 33% to 67% of section wood weight) to dilute the content of sodium selenite; Also need first to cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma bacterial classification, complex operation.
In addition, first glossy ganoderma seed is carried out rich selenium domestication step by step by the solid plate medium of a series of selenium concentration to it by Chinese patent application " preparation method of a kind of high selenium glossy ganoderma for food additives " (number of patent application 201310461401.2), carries out expanding original seed required when cultivating obtained cultivation after obtaining the lucidum strain under optimum selenium tolerable concentration; Glue recessed native load sodium selenite as selenium sustained release agent by the rich selenium domestication of seed with neutral clay or height, Se content scope is 1000-3000mg/kg.Selenium sustained release agent is admixed in planting material, make planting material Se content within the scope of 10-300mg/kg, inoculate glossy ganoderma original seed subsequently, carry out normal cultivation of glossy ganoderma management, namely can obtain lucidum spore powder, its total Se content reaches 30-1630mg/kg (dry weight), the total Se content of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody can reach 30-2060mg/kg (dry weight).But method still exists needs domesticated strain, need the selenium of high dose, the preparation of selenium sustained release agent is complicated, the shortcoming of bio-absorbable and low conversion rate.
In addition, Chinese patent application " Se-rich lucid ganoderma breeding method " (number of patent application 201110462256.0) utilizes organic yeast selenium for selenium source, and the method for being punched by linden cultivates Se-rich lucid ganoderma; In addition, first inorganic selenium is then transformed by EM bacterium and obtains Organic Selenium biological fluids by Chinese patent application " production method of organic selenium ganoderma lucidum spore powder " (number of patent application 200910144893.6) by fermentation, then making Organic Selenium agent is sprayed on Medium for Ganoderma lucidum, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, obtain the organic selenium ganoderma lucidum spore powder of Se content at 10-30 μ g/g; In addition, Chinese patent application " compound method of the culture medium additive of cultivation of selenium-rich ganoderma lucidum " (number of patent application 200710077982.4) utilizes the medium bacterium chaff of cultivating Agaricus campestris rich in selenium, add various nutrient and be configured to Se-rich lucid ganoderma culture medium additive, then this additive is mixed in planting material in proportion and cultivates Se-rich lucid ganoderma, obtain the Se-rich lucid ganoderma powder that Se content is 30mg/kg.All existing in several technical scheme above adopts Organic Selenium to be selenium source, the problem that cost is relatively high, and the realization of technical method is comparatively difficult, and the Se content of the glossy ganoderma finally obtained is also lower.
In sum; still there is technology barrier in the large-scale cultivation of current Se-rich lucid ganoderma; for improving glossy ganoderma to the Absorption and accumulation utilization ratio of selenium; enable the Se content orienting enriching in glossy ganoderma body and be accumulated to more reasonable, a safe and effective level, reducing the usage amount of selenium agent, reduction production cost, simplify production stage, development and application new technology is very urgent.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of prior art, the invention provides the breeding method of a kind of Se-rich lucid ganoderma fruit body or Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder, the inorganic selenium of the method by absorbing in glossy ganoderma process of growth, be converted into the Organic Selenium of safe and efficient easy absorption, promote the increase of glossy ganoderma effective ingredient, make the glossy ganoderma drug effect that cultivates stronger, and the method cost is low, little to mycelial murder by poisoning, cultivating process is simple, and the Se content of the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody cultivated and lucidum spore powder is high, selenium source availability is high.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
The breeding method of a kind of Se-rich lucid ganoderma fruit body or conidial powder, the method comprises and being mixed with wood chip base-material by inorganic selenium source, form rich seleno material, this rich seleno material is mixed with section wood and packs sterilizing, form Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, in this Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, access Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species, absorb inorganic selenium by Ganoderma lucidum mycelium and carry out biological transformation, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma fruit body or conidial powder.Described Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species, refer to Common ganoderma lucidum mother planted be inoculated into wood chip, wheat bran is the mycelium that main medium grows up to, those skilled in the art can obtain by known technology.
Preferably, in above-mentioned breeding method, described inorganic selenium source comprises the sylvite of selenous acid; Preferably, described inorganic selenium source also comprises phosphate; More preferably, described inorganic selenium source is made up of the sylvite of selenous acid and phosphate; Or described inorganic selenium source is the sylvite of selenous acid.
Preferably, in above-mentioned breeding method, the sylvite of described selenous acid is potassium biselenite or potassium selenite; Be preferably potassium biselenite.Wherein, potassium biselenite or potassium selenite can obtain by selenium dioxide and potassium hydroxide or potash or saleratus being reacted in water.
Preferably, the sylvite of described selenous acid can be solution form or remove moisture by dry.
Preferably, in above-mentioned breeding method, described phosphate be selected from potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium phosphate one or more; Preferably, described phosphate is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, in above-mentioned breeding method, the mol ratio between the sylvite of described inorganic selenium source Central Asia selenic acid, phosphate is 1:0.1 ~ 1:10, is preferably 1:1 ~ 1:3, is more preferably 1:3.
Preferably, in above-mentioned breeding method, described inorganic selenium source mixes in the following way with described wood chip base-material: by water-soluble for described inorganic selenium source, spray on described wood chip base-material, then mix; Or described inorganic selenium source is mixed with the dry mixing of described wood chip base-material; Preferably, Multi-stage stirring is adopted when dry mixing mixes.Wood chip base-material can play the fixing effect of absorption to inorganic selenium source.
Preferably, in above-mentioned breeding method, described wood chip base-material comprises or is made up of wood chip, wheat bran, sucrose and calcium sulphate.
Preferably, described sucrose is white granulated sugar or brown sugar, and preferably, described sucrose is brown sugar.
Preferably, in above-mentioned breeding method, wood chip described in described wood chip base-material, wheat bran, weight ratio between sucrose and calcium sulphate are 60 ~ 95:4 ~ 39:0.5 ~ 2:0.5 ~ 2, are preferably 70 ~ 85:13 ~ 29:0.5 ~ 1:0.5 ~ 1, are more preferably 85:13:1:1.
Preferably, in above-mentioned breeding method, described in described Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, rich seleno material accounts for more than 5 % by weight; Preferably account for 15 % by weight ~ 20 % by weight, more preferably account for 15 % by weight.
Preferably, in above-mentioned breeding method, in described Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, selenium content (in selenium element) is 5 ~ 100mg/kg, is preferably 10 ~ 30mg/kg, is more preferably 30mg/kg.
Preferably, described breeding method supplements inorganic selenium source after being also included in and going out sesame to Second Year after First Year adopts sesame in a week interior (in 7 days); Preferably, the magnitude of recruitment of described inorganic selenium source is add selenium amount first 10 % by weight ~ 50 % by weight, is preferably 20 % by weight ~ 30 % by weight, is more preferably 30 % by weight (in selenium elements).
In a specific embodiment, breeding method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) inorganic selenium source is prepared
The sylvite of selenous acid is as inorganic selenium source; Or by the sylvite of selenous acid, phosphate mixing, obtain inorganic selenium source.The sylvite of described selenous acid refers to potassium biselenite or potassium selenite; Described phosphate preferably phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium phosphate.Potassium selenite or potassium biselenite can generate by selenium dioxide and potassium hydroxide (or potash, saleratus etc.) quantitative reaction, and preferred water makes reaction dissolvent.Preferably, mol ratio between the sylvite of described inorganic selenium source Central Asia selenic acid, phosphate is 1:0.1 ~ 1:10, be preferably 1:1 ~ 1:3, be more preferably 1:3, wherein, phosphate directly can be dissolved in potassium selenite or hydrogen selenite aqueous solutions of potassium, or by its directly and potassium selenite or potassium biselenite mix.
(2) configuration of wood chip base-material
Wood chip base-material, except containing except wood chip, also can add wheat bran, sucrose, calcium sulphate, and these are favourable to Ganoderma lucidum mycelium bulk-growth.Preferably, in above-mentioned breeding method, wood chip described in described wood chip base-material, wheat bran, weight ratio between sucrose and calcium sulphate are 60 ~ 95:4 ~ 39:0.5 ~ 2:0.5 ~ 2, are preferably 70 ~ 85:13 ~ 29:0.5 ~ 1:0.5 ~ 1, are more preferably 85:13:1:1.
(3) rich seleno material is prepared
Inorganic selenium source step (1) prepared dissolves, and is sprayed on wood chip base-material prepared by step (2), and mixes, obtain rich seleno material; Also by the method for dry mixing, inorganic selenium source and wood chip base-material can be mixed to get rich seleno material, in this case good with the dispersion effect of Multi-stage stirring.
(4) Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium is prepared
Being mixed with section wood by rich seleno material obtained for step (3) packs as medium, sterilizing; Rich seleno material accounts for more than 5% of Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium weight, and preferably 15 % by weight ~ 20 % by weight, more preferably 15 % by weight.In Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, the content of selenium is 5 ~ 100mg/kg, preferably 10 ~ 30mg/kg, most preferably is 30mg/kg.
(5) by Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species access Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, carry out temperature, humidity and illumination management, impel Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow.
(6) to go to the field ridging, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover.Cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, collect Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder.
(7) supplement selenium source in one week after going out sesame to Second Year after First Year adopts sesame, inorganic selenium source is dissolved in water, waters and execute on culture medium residue.The selenium amount preferably added is add selenium amount first 10 % by weight ~ 50 % by weight, is preferably 20 % by weight ~ 30 % by weight, is more preferably 30 % by weight.
Above method, through the land for growing field crops culture experiment of 3 years, proves output and rich stable selenium content, uses the effect indifference of potassium biselenite and potassium selenite; And the sodium selenite contrasted, compared with technical scheme of the present invention, the availability of its selenium is low by more than 30%, and has larger toxicity to mycelia, and (more than 30mg/kg) glossy ganoderma growth inhibition phenomenon can occur at high doses.The phosphatic usage amount of the present invention 1 ~ 10 selenium equivalent suitable (in selenium element), preferably 3 equivalents.
Specifically, breeding method of the present invention compared with prior art, at least has following beneficial effect:
1, method of the present invention is by the inorganic selenium that will absorb in glossy ganoderma process of growth, is converted into the Organic Selenium of safe and efficient easy absorption, promotes the increase of glossy ganoderma effective ingredient, makes the glossy ganoderma drug effect that cultivates stronger.
2, method of the present invention uses potassium selenite or potassium biselenite to make inorganic selenium source, bioavailability is high, required selenium amount greatly reduces, low to mycelial toxicity, only need a small amount of wood chip base-material to adsorb inorganic selenium source, account for 15% or following of medium gross weight, thus greatly reduce cultivation cost.
3, phosphate and potassium ion have facilitation to glossy ganoderma growth, and promote rich selenium, especially promote the enrichment of selenium in conidial powder.Sylvite and the phosphatic blend proportion of selenous acid are better in 1:0.1 ~ 1:10 effect, and when phosphatic ratio is low, facilitation effect is not obvious, and time high, overfertilization affects growth on the contrary.
4, method of the present invention directly uses Common ganoderma lucidum cultivated species to carry out rich selenium plantation, simplifying cultivating process, making method of the present invention simple without the need to cultivating the lucidum strain of resistance to selenium (domestication).
5, the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody using method of the present invention to cultivate and the organic selenium content of lucidum spore powder high, and the orienting enriching successful of the method, the organic selenium content of lucidum spore powder is 2 times of fruit body or more; In conidial powder and fruit body, organic selenium content accounts for more than 95% of total selenium amount in glossy ganoderma.
6, the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody using method of the present invention to obtain and the effective ingredient polysaccharide of conidial powder and triterpene content significantly increase.
7, the availability of rich seleno culture medium selenium content selenium when 10 ~ 100mg scope is higher, and during 30mg, comprehensive benefit is higher.Se-rich lucid ganoderma of the present invention is the combination of the original multiple components of glossy ganoderma and selenium, result for the treatment of is not Se content is more high better, but takes into account the balance of various effective ingredient or nutrition, selenium is trace element, the dosage of health care is generally at 20 ~ 200 μ g/d, and therapeutic dose is at below 2mg/d.Therefore Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder or the Se-rich lucid ganoderma fruit body of better treatment or health-care effect can be obtained in Se content 100mg/kg or following rich seleno culture medium.
In addition, this method, through the land for growing field crops culture experiment of 3 years, proves its output and rich stable selenium content, and uses other selenium source as compared with sodium selenite, and se use efficiency improves greatly, and therefore breeding method of the present invention has market application foreground widely.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
The Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species of the following stated is cultivated by the conventional method that art technology person knows and is obtained, and conventional lucidum strain cultivation order is: ganoderma lucidum fruitbody living tissue → mother's kind → original seed → cultivated species.The present invention uses common cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind, does not need to cultivate seed selection (domestication) through resistance to selenium.
Following examples, comparative example are all 1 experimental group with 200 parallel laboratory tests (i.e. 200 medium), and experimental result gets the mean value of experimental group, and Se content of the present invention or selenium content are all in selenium element.
Embodiment 1
Prepare inorganic selenium source: 560g (5mol) selenium dioxide and 280g (5mol) potassium hydroxide react in 20L water, add 2040g potassium dihydrogen phosphate (15mol) and dissolve, prepare the selenium source aqueous solution containing selenium 20mg/ml.
Prepare rich seleno material:
The proportioning (by weight percentage) of wood chip base-material: wood chip 85%, wheat bran 13%, brown sugar 1%, sulfuric acid calcium powder 1%.
By water-soluble for the inorganic selenium source getting amount of calculation, be sprayed at and get on the wood chip base-material of amount of calculation, and mix and be mixed with rich seleno material.
The preparation of Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium: the rich seleno material of every packed 1.5kg and 8.5kg section wood, sterilizing, the selenium content in medium is 30mg/kg.
Cultivate: Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species access Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, carry out temperature, humidity and illumination management, impel Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow, ridging of going to the field, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, collect Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder and fruit body.
Selenium detection of content of element method: inductance coupling ion atoms emission spectrometry, testing result is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2
Prepare inorganic selenium source: with embodiment 1.
Prepare rich seleno material:
The proportioning (by weight percentage) of wood chip base-material: wood chip 85%, wheat bran 13%, brown sugar 1%, sulfuric acid calcium powder 1%.
To the inorganic selenium source solution of amount of calculation be got, and add suitable quantity of water dilution, be sprayed at and get on the wood chip base-material of amount of calculation, and mix and be mixed with rich seleno material.
The preparation of Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium: the rich seleno material of every packed 1.5kg and 8.5kg section wood, sterilizing, the selenium content in medium is 10mg/kg.
By Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species access Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, carry out temperature, humidity and illumination management (identical with the condition of embodiment 1), impel Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow, to go to the field ridging, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, collect Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder and fruit body.
Selenium detection of content of element method: inductance coupling ion atoms emission spectrometry, testing result is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 3
Prepare inorganic selenium source: with embodiment 1.
Prepare rich seleno material:
The proportioning (by weight percentage) of wood chip base-material: wood chip 85%, wheat bran 13%, brown sugar 1%, sulfuric acid calcium powder 1%.
To the inorganic selenium source solution of amount of calculation be got, and add suitable quantity of water dilution, be sprayed at and get on the wood chip base-material of amount of calculation, and mix and be mixed with rich seleno material.
The preparation of Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium: the rich seleno material of every packed 1.5kg and 8.5kg section wood, sterilizing, the selenium content in medium is 20mg/kg.
By Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species access Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, carry out temperature, humidity and illumination management (identical with the condition of embodiment 1), impel Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow, to go to the field ridging, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, collect Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder and fruit body.
Selenium detection of content of element method: inductance coupling ion atoms emission spectrometry, testing result is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 4
Prepare inorganic selenium source: with embodiment 1.
Prepare rich seleno material:
The proportioning (by weight percentage) of wood chip base-material: wood chip 85%, wheat bran 13%, brown sugar 1%, sulfuric acid calcium powder 1%.
To the inorganic selenium source solution of amount of calculation be got, and add suitable quantity of water dilution, be sprayed at and get on the wood chip base-material of amount of calculation, and mix and be mixed with rich seleno material.
The preparation of Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium: the rich seleno material of every packed 1.5kg and 8.5kg section wood, sterilizing, the selenium content in medium is 50mg/kg.
By Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species access Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, carry out temperature, humidity and illumination management (identical with the condition of embodiment 1), impel Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow, to go to the field ridging, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, collect Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder and fruit body.
Selenium detection of content of element method: inductance coupling ion atoms emission spectrometry, testing result is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 5
Prepare inorganic selenium source: with embodiment 1.The proportioning (by weight percentage) of wood chip base-material: wood chip 85%, wheat bran 13%, brown sugar 1%, sulfuric acid calcium powder 1%.
To the inorganic selenium source solution of amount of calculation be got, and add suitable quantity of water dilution, be sprayed at and get on the wood chip base-material of amount of calculation, and mix and be mixed with rich seleno material.
The preparation of Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium: the rich seleno material of every packed 1.5kg and 8.5kg section wood, sterilizing, the selenium content in medium is 100mg/kg.
By Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species access Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, carry out temperature, humidity and illumination management (identical with the condition of embodiment 1), impel Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow, to go to the field ridging, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, collect Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder and fruit body.
Selenium detection of content of element method: inductance coupling ion atoms emission spectrometry, testing result is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 6
Prepare inorganic selenium source: 112g (1mol) selenium dioxide and 56g (1mol) potassium hydroxide react in 500ml water, remove moisture in an oven and prepare 168g (1mol) potassium biselenite, mix with 408g (3mol) potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the obtained inorganic selenium source of 576g, Se content is 13.8%.
Prepare rich seleno material:
The proportioning (by weight percentage) of wood chip base-material: wood chip 85%, wheat bran 13%, brown sugar 1%, sulfuric acid calcium powder 1%.
The inorganic selenium source of amount of calculation is mixed with the wood chip base-material dry mixing of getting amount of calculation, and carries out Multi-stage stirring and prepare rich seleno material.
The preparation of rich seleno culture medium: the rich seleno material of every packed 1.5kg and 8.5kg section wood, sterilizing, the selenium content in obtained rich seleno culture medium is 30mg/kg.
Cultivate: Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species access Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, carry out temperature, humidity and illumination management, impel Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow, ridging of going to the field, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, collect Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder and fruit body.
Selenium detection of content of element method: inductance coupling ion atoms emission spectrometry, testing result is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
The proportioning (by weight percentage) of wood chip base-material: wood chip 85%, wheat bran 13%, sucrose 1%, sulfuric acid calcium powder 1%.
The preparation of ordinary culture medium: every packed 1.5kg wood chip base-material and 8.5kg section wood, sterilizing, does not add inorganic selenium source in medium.
Cultivate: Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species (identical with embodiment 1) accesses ordinary culture medium, carries out temperature, humidity and illumination management, impels Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow, ridging of going to the field, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover, cultivate glossy ganoderma, collect lucidum spore powder and fruit body.
Selenium detection of content of element method: inductance coupling ion atoms emission spectrometry, testing result is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
Prepare rich seleno material:
The proportioning (by weight percentage) of wood chip base-material: wood chip 85%, wheat bran 13%, brown sugar 1%, sulfuric acid calcium powder 1%.
By water-soluble for the sodium selenite of amount of calculation, be sprayed on the wood chip base-material of amount of calculation, mix the rich seleno material of preparation.
The preparation of rich seleno culture medium: the rich seleno material of every packed 3.5kg and 6.5kg section wood, sterilizing, the selenium content in obtained rich seleno culture medium is 100mg/kg.
Cultivate: Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species access Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, carry out temperature, humidity and illumination management, impel Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow, ridging of going to the field, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, collect Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder and fruit body.
Selenium detection of content of element method: inductance coupling ion atoms emission spectrometry.Testing result is as shown in table 1.
Compared to comparative example 1, this routine conidial powder underproduction 35%, the fruit body underproduction 35%; And embodiment 1 ~ 6 has volume increase in various degree, as embodiment 1 conidial powder volume increase 16%, fruit body volume increase 11%.
Comparative example 3
Prepare inorganic selenium source: with embodiment 1.
Prepare rich seleno material:
The proportioning (by weight percentage) of wood chip base-material: wood chip 85%, wheat bran 13%, sucrose 1%, sulfuric acid calcium powder 1%.
To the inorganic selenium source solution of amount of calculation be got, and add suitable quantity of water dilution, be sprayed on the wood chip base-material of amount of calculation, and mix and be mixed with rich seleno material.
The preparation of Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium: the rich seleno material of every packed 1.5kg and 8.5kg section wood, sterilizing, the selenium content in medium is 500mg/kg.
By Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species (in the same manner as in Example 1) access Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, carry out temperature, humidity and illumination management (identical with the condition of embodiment 1), Ganoderma lucidum mycelium is impelled to grow, to go to the field ridging, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, collect Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder and fruit body.
Selenium detection of content of element method: inductance coupling ion atoms emission spectrometry.Testing result is as shown in table 1.
Compared to embodiment 1 ~ 6, it is low that this example goes out sesame rate, and fruit body is obviously less than normal partially short, the conidial powder underproduction 36%, the fruit body underproduction 34%.
The ganoderma lucidum fruitbody of table 1 First Year results and conidial powder organic selenium content testing result
Experimental result shows, the Organic Selenium selenium content of the fruit body obtained by breeding method of the present invention and conidial powder is increased along with the increase of Se content in medium within the scope of the present invention, illustrate that Common ganoderma lucidum bacteria cultivation kind cultivates the selenium agent that can tolerate larger dose scope with breeding method of the present invention, and be translated into Organic Selenium, and the enrichment of selenium in conidial powder is higher than fruit body; And when making selenium source with sodium selenite, selenium is mainly enriched in fruit body, the selenium content of conidial powder is lower than the potassium biselenite with dosage.
Embodiment 7
Prepare inorganic selenium source: 112g (1mol) selenium dioxide and 56g (1mol) potassium hydroxide react in 4L water, prepare the selenium source aqueous solution containing selenium 20mg/ml.
Prepare rich seleno material:
The proportioning (by weight percentage) of wood chip base-material: wood chip 85%, wheat bran 13%, brown sugar 1%, sulfuric acid calcium powder 1%.
By water-soluble for the inorganic selenium source getting amount of calculation, be sprayed at and get on the wood chip base-material of amount of calculation, and mix and be mixed with rich seleno material.
The preparation of Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium: the rich seleno material of every packed 1.5kg and 8.5kg section wood, sterilizing, the selenium content in medium is 30mg/kg.
Cultivate: Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species access Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, carry out temperature, humidity and illumination management, impel Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow, ridging of going to the field, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, collect Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder and fruit body.
Selenium detection of content of element method: inductance coupling ion atoms emission spectrometry, testing result is as shown in table 2.
Embodiment 8
Prepare inorganic selenium source: the potassium hydroxide of 560g (5mol) selenium dioxide and 280g (5mol) reacts in 20L water, add 34g (0.25mol) potassium dihydrogen phosphate and dissolve, prepare the selenium source aqueous solution containing selenium 20mg/ml.
Prepare rich seleno material:
The proportioning (by weight percentage) of wood chip base-material: wood chip 85%, wheat bran 13%, brown sugar 1%, sulfuric acid calcium powder 1%.
To the inorganic selenium source solution of amount of calculation be got, and add suitable quantity of water dilution, be sprayed at and get on the wood chip base-material of amount of calculation, and mix and be mixed with rich seleno material.
The preparation of Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium: the rich seleno material of every packed 1.5kg and 8.5kg section wood, sterilizing, the selenium content in medium is 30mg/kg.
Cultivate: Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species access Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, carry out temperature, humidity and illumination management, impel Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow, ridging of going to the field, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, collect Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder and fruit body.
Selenium detection of content of element method: inductance coupling ion atoms emission spectrometry, testing result is as shown in table 2.
Embodiment 9
Prepare inorganic selenium source: 560g (5mol) selenium dioxide and 280g (5mol) potassium hydroxide react in 20L water, add 7480g (55mol) potassium dihydrogen phosphate and dissolve, prepare the selenium source aqueous solution containing selenium 20mg/ml.
Prepare rich seleno material:
The proportioning (by weight percentage) of wood chip base-material: wood chip 85%, wheat bran 13%, brown sugar 1%, sulfuric acid calcium powder 1%.
To the inorganic selenium source solution of amount of calculation be got, and add suitable quantity of water dilution, be sprayed on the wood chip base-material of amount of calculation, and mix and be mixed with rich seleno material.
The preparation of Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium: the rich seleno material of every packed 1.5kg and 8.5kg section wood, sterilizing, the selenium content in medium is 30mg/kg.
Cultivate: Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species access Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, carry out temperature, humidity and illumination management, impel Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow, ridging of going to the field, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, collect Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder and fruit body.
Selenium detection of content of element method: inductance coupling ion atoms emission spectrometry, testing result is as shown in table 2.
Comparative example 4
Prepare rich seleno material:
The proportioning (by weight percentage) of wood chip base-material: wood chip 85%, wheat bran 13%, brown sugar 1%, sulfuric acid calcium powder 1%.
By soluble in water for the sodium selenite getting amount of calculation, be sprayed on the wood chip base-material of amount of calculation, mix the rich seleno material of preparation.
The preparation of rich seleno culture medium: the rich seleno material of every packed 3.5kg and the pack of 6.5kg section wood, sterilizing, the selenium content in obtained rich seleno culture medium is 30mg/kg.
Cultivate: Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species access Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, carry out temperature, humidity and illumination management, impel Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow, ridging of going to the field, go out sesame management, prick the letter of bag cover, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma, collect Se-rich lucid ganoderma conidial powder and fruit body.
Selenium detection of content of element method: inductance coupling ion atoms emission spectrometry.Testing result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
Note: in table 2, embodiment 1a, 1b and 1c are the proportioning of adjustment embodiment 1 inorganic selenium source Central Asia selenium potassium hydrogen phthalate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, prepare rich seleno culture medium a, b, c that selenium content is 30mg/kg in the same way, and cultivate glossy ganoderma with method identical in embodiment 1, the result that cultivation result compares with embodiment 1, embodiment 7-9, comparative example 4 is illustrated.
Embodiment 10
Measure the polyoses content of comparative example 1, comparative example 2, embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 5, the method that wherein ganoderma polyoses content is included by Chinese Pharmacopoeia is measured, ganodenic acid content uses colorimetric method to measure, and reference substance is oleanolic acid, and testing result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
Result shows, the glossy ganoderma content of the method plantation of the rich ganoderma lucidum fruitbody of selenium plantation and the polysaccharide of conidial powder and triterpene content ratio nothing interpolation selenium has increase by a relatively large margin.
Embodiment 11
Received by the glossy ganoderma First Year cultivated by the inventive method and adopt latter 60 days, culture medium residue waters and executes additional selenium source, addition is add selenium source amount first 30%, and acquisition ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidial powder detect, and testing result is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
Result shows, the glossy ganoderma of Second Year growth, and the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody of experimental group and the Se content of conidial powder that do not add selenium source are more remarkable than First Year on the low side, after additional selenium source, can obtain the selenium content suitable with First Year.
Above embodiment illustrates: use the sylvite of selenous acid as selenium agent, there is larger tolerance dose scope, good rich selenium effect is had in 100mg/kg (in selenium element) dosage range, the fruit body obtained and the selenium content of conidial powder increase along with the increase of Se content in medium, and be translated into Organic Selenium, and the enrichment of selenium in conidial powder is higher than fruit body.And using sodium selenite, its medium selenium content finds glossy ganoderma growth inhibition phenomenon when 30mg/kg (in selenium element).Selenous acid sylvite can suppress glossy ganoderma to grow at 500mg/kg (in selenium element) dosage.Phosphate can promote absorption and the enrichment of selenous acid sylvite.
Above-described embodiment for explaining the present invention, instead of limits the invention, and in spirit of the present invention and claims, any amendment make the present invention and change, all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the breeding method of a Se-rich lucid ganoderma fruit body or conidial powder, the method comprises and being mixed with wood chip base-material by inorganic selenium source, form rich seleno material, this rich seleno material is mixed with section wood and packs sterilizing, form Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, in this Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, access Ganoderma Lucidum cultivated species, absorb inorganic selenium by Ganoderma lucidum mycelium and carry out biological transformation, cultivate Se-rich lucid ganoderma fruit body or conidial powder.
2. breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described inorganic selenium source comprises the sylvite of selenous acid; Preferably, described inorganic selenium source also comprises phosphate; More preferably, described inorganic selenium source is made up of the sylvite of selenous acid and phosphate; Or described inorganic selenium source is the sylvite of selenous acid.
3. breeding method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the sylvite of described selenous acid is potassium biselenite or potassium selenite; Be preferably potassium biselenite.
4. breeding method according to any one of claim 1 to 3, is characterized in that, described phosphate be selected from potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium phosphate one or more; Preferably, described phosphate is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
5. breeding method according to any one of claim 1 to 4, is characterized in that, the mol ratio between the sylvite of described inorganic selenium source Central Asia selenic acid, phosphate is 1:0.1 ~ 1:10, is preferably 1:1 ~ 1:3, is more preferably 1:3.
6. breeding method according to any one of claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that, described inorganic selenium source mixes in the following way with described wood chip base-material: by water-soluble for described inorganic selenium source, spray on described wood chip base-material, then mix; Or described inorganic selenium source is mixed with the dry mixing of described wood chip base-material; Preferably, Multi-stage stirring is adopted when dry mixing mixes.
7. breeding method according to any one of claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that, described wood chip base-material comprises or is made up of wood chip, wheat bran, sucrose and calcium sulphate; Preferably, described sucrose is white granulated sugar or brown sugar, and preferably, described sucrose is brown sugar; Preferably, wood chip described in described wood chip base-material, wheat bran, weight ratio between sucrose and calcium sulphate are 60 ~ 95:4 ~ 39:0.5 ~ 2:0.5 ~ 2, are preferably 70 ~ 85:13 ~ 29:0.5 ~ 1:0.5 ~ 1, are more preferably 85:13:1:1.
8. breeding method according to any one of claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that, described in described Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, rich seleno material accounts for more than 5 % by weight; Preferably account for 15 % by weight ~ 20 % by weight, more preferably account for 15 % by weight.
9. breeding method according to any one of claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that, in described Se-rich lucid ganoderma medium, selenium content is 5 ~ 100mg/kg, is preferably 10 ~ 30mg/kg, is more preferably 30mg/kg.
10. breeding method according to any one of claim 1 to 9, is characterized in that, supplements inorganic selenium source after described breeding method is also included in and goes out sesame to Second Year after First Year adopts sesame in one week; Preferably, the magnitude of recruitment of described inorganic selenium source is add selenium amount first 10 % by weight ~ 50 % by weight, is preferably 20 % by weight ~ 30 % by weight, is more preferably 30 % by weight.
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