CN104614447A - Method for exciting single vertical guided wave mode by utilizing laser and optical path system - Google Patents
Method for exciting single vertical guided wave mode by utilizing laser and optical path system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for exciting single vertical guided wave mode in a pipeline structure by utilizing laser and an optical path system. The method comprising the following steps: emitting a laser beam from a pulsed laser; carrying out beam expanding and collimation treatment of the laser beam to obtain a collimated laser beam; converting the collimated laser beam into an annular light beam, wherein the thickness of the annular light beam is half of the diameter of the incident collimated laser beam; converging the annular light beam; projecting the converged annular light beam onto an end face of a pipeline; and enabling the center of the annular light beam to coincide with the center of the pipeline by adjusting the position of the pipeline. The annular light beam and the end face of the pipeline satisfy the following relationship: (r1+r2)/2=(r3+r4)/2, wherein the r1 represents the inner diameter of the annular light beam; the r2 represents the outer diameter of the annular light beam; the r3 represents the inner diameter of the pipeline; and the r4 represents the outer diameter of the pipeline. According to the invention, non-contact excitation is realized by laser; a defect that measurement under severe environment cannot be realized through sensor excitation is avoided; and a guided wave mode suitable for detecting a pipeline is obtained by exciting single vertical guided wave mode through enabling laser to symmetrically focus on the end face of the pipeline.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the defects detection field of pipeline configuration, the method utilizing laser to excite single longitudinal wave guide mode in pipeline configuration in particular to a kind of and light path system.
Background technology
The defects detection of pipeline configuration be in the industries such as oil, chemical industry, electric power in the urgent need to technology.Supersonic guide-wave technology because of its can carry out fast, long distance, on a large scale, the defect inspection of relatively low cost, be subject to extensive concern.
The guided wave propagated in pipe is divided into three kinds of mode: longitudinal mode (L mode), mode of flexural vibration (F mode) and torsion mode (T mode), the guided wave of these three kinds of mode uses L (0 respectively, m), F (0, m) with T (n, m) represent, wherein n and m represents circumference and radial mode shape parameter respectively, and is integer.L mode and T mode are axisymmetry modes, and F mode is non-axisymmetry mode.Different guided wave modals has different mode of excitation and application, its formed symmetrical L (0,2) guided wave of mode has following advantage: (1) near a certain characteristic frequency (40 ~ 100kHz) very wide frequency ranges in, this mode is almost non-frequency dispersion, namely group velocity, phase velocity be not with frequency significant change, therefore makes signal shape substantially remain unchanged in communication process; (2) it propagates the fastest mode, therefore any do not wish occur mode signals all arrive thereafter, be easy in time domain, distinguish interested signal; (3) the inside and outside axial relative displacement of this guided wave modal is comparatively large, and on tube wall direction, length travel distribution is relatively more even, and the surfaces externally and internally defect therefore for any circumferential position has identical sensitivity, is well suited for detection surfaces externally and internally defect; (4) this guided wave modal internal-and external diameter to relative displacement less, such ripple energy leakage phenomenon in communication process is relatively little, and propagation distance is relatively large.Based on this 4 point, L (0,2) guided wave modal becomes guided wave mode conventional in supersonic guide-wave defect inspection.
At document 1 [Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Vol.9 (1990) " Ultrasonics inspection of steam generator tubing by cylindrical guided waves "] in M.V Brook etc. apply normal load by pipeline one end and encourage longitudinal wave guide L (0,2), pipeline is detected, demonstrates the feasibility utilizing axial guided to detect pipeline.The method utilizes sensor array, voltage excitation signals is converted to longitudinal loading and is loaded into pipe end, thus motivate the guided wave along longitudinal axisymmetric L (0, the 2) mode of pipeline.But sensor needs and tube contacts in said method, the measurement by force etc. under mal-condition of non-cpntact measurement or high temperature and corrosivity can not be realized, and the contact situation between sensor and pipeline also can affect the effect of excitation wave.At document 2 [Experimental Mechanics, Vol37 (1997) " Laser based, guided wave experiments for tubing "] in, J.L.Rose have employed the parabola shaped Copper polymetallic ore of interpolation type ring-type, the energy of pulse laser is along the circumferential direction uniformly distributed after reflection, and then can easily produce longitudinally axisymmetric L (0, m) pattern guided wave.Although the method utilizes laser excitation to achieve noncontact and excites, adopt interpolation type ring-type para-curve Copper polymetallic ore in pipe inside, there are certain requirements the size of pipeline, device is complicated; And the guided wave modal utilizing the method to obtain has multiple.
Therefore, develop one can realize contactlessly exciting the method for single longitudinal wave guide mode L (0,2) mould to carry out defects detection to pipeline to be very important.
Summary of the invention
For defect or the deficiency of prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of utilize laser in pipeline configuration, excite single longitudinal wave guide mode method and a kind of light path system utilizing laser to excite single longitudinal wave guide mode in pipeline configuration, adopt laser to realize noncontact to excite, avoid sensor to excite and cannot realize measuring the defect brought in the presence of a harsh environment, and excite single longitudinal wave guide mode L (0 by laser symmetrical being focused on pipeline end face, 2), the guided wave modal being suitable for pipe detection is obtained.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is realized by the technical characteristic of independent claims, and dependent claims develops the technical characteristic of independent claims with alternative or favourable mode.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
Utilize laser in pipeline configuration, excite a method for single longitudinal wave guide mode, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, a pulsed laser is utilized to give off laser beam;
Step 2, laser beam expanded and collimates process, obtaining a collimated laser beam;
Step 3, collimated laser beam is converted to annular beam, form annular beam thickness be the half of incoming collimated laser beam diameter;
Step 4, annular beam to be assembled; And
Step 5, annular beam step 4 obtained are projeced into pipeline end face, by adjustment pipeline location, the center of annular beam is overlapped with pipeline center, annular beam and pipeline end face meet: (r1+r2)/2=(r3+r4)/2, wherein: r1 is the internal diameter of annular beam, r2 is the external diameter of annular beam, and r3 is internal diameter of the pipeline, and r4 is outer diameter tube.
Further, described step 2, the laser beam utilizing optical beam-expanding device paired pulses laser to send carries out expanding and collimating.
Further, described step 3, utilizes prism of corner cube that collimated laser beam is converted to annular beam.
Further, for the pipeline of different pore size, obtain the annular beam mating different pore size pipeline by selecting the prism of corner cube of different angles.
Further, described step 4, makes light beam assemble by a plano-convex lens annular beam.
Further, for the pipeline of different thickness of pipe, obtain from the distance between plano-convex lens the annular beam mating different thickness of pipe by regulating pipeline.
According to improvement of the present invention, another aspect of the present invention also proposes a kind of light path system utilizing laser to excite single longitudinal wave guide mode in pipeline configuration, this light path system comprises pulsed laser, optical beam-expanding device, prism of corner cube, plano-convex lens and a pipeline, optical beam-expanding device, prism of corner cube and plano-convex lens are positioned on same optical axis, prism of corner cube is positioned on the emitting light path of optical beam-expanding device, plano-convex lens is positioned on the emitting light path of prism of corner cube, pipeline is positioned on the emitting light path of plano-convex lens, wherein:
Pulsed laser is positioned in the input path of optical beam-expanding device, to optical beam-expanding device Emission Lasers;
The laser beam that optical beam-expanding device sends for paired pulses laser instrument carries out expanding and collimating, and obtains a collimated laser beam;
Prism of corner cube is used for collimated laser beam to be converted to annular beam, and the thickness of this annular beam is the half of incoming collimated laser beam diameter;
Plano-convex lens is used for convergent beam, obtain the annular beam that the annular beam energy density before than incidence is stronger, this annular beam is projeced on the end face of described pipeline, annular beam and pipeline end face meet: (r1+r2)/2=(r3+r4)/2, wherein: r1 is the internal diameter of annular beam, r2 is the external diameter of annular beam, and r3 is internal diameter of the pipeline, and r4 is outer diameter tube.
Further, described optical beam-expanding device is made up of a plano-concave lens and collimation lens, plano-concave lens is used for the light beam that sends of paired pulses laser instrument and disperses, and for collimating the light beam after dispersing on the emitting light path that collimation lens is positioned at plano-concave lens, forms collimated laser beam.
Further, described collimation lens is a plano-convex lens or biconvex lens.
Further, described optical beam-expanding device is made up of 2 biconvex lens.
From the above technical solution of the present invention shows that, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) utilize laser to produce guided wave as excitaton source, select the laser energy lower than material damage threshold value according to dissimilar material properties, excite under Thermoelastic regime, avoid producing superheating phenomenon, thus realize Non-Destructive Testing.
2) overcome in classic method when using sensor to excite guided wave and need and this shortcoming of tube contacts, realize remote, noncontact and detection in the presence of a harsh environment.
3) utilize laser symmetrical to be carried in pipeline end face can excite and obtain single longitudinal mode guided wave L (0,2), this mode guided wave is almost non-frequency dispersion in low-frequency range, and the length travel distribution on tube wall direction of this guided wave is more even, and for the surfaces externally and internally defect of any circumferential position, there is identical sensitivity, be therefore well suited for pipelines surfaces externally and internally defect.Basic mode laser in practical application its in the optical field distribution in space, there is symmetry, the annular beam that its laser beam sent is formed after prism of corner cube and plano-convex lens focus on has symmetry in pipeline end face radial distribution, when asymmetrical load is in pipeline end face, the guided wave of generation is symmetrical mode; And the spectral range of the ripple produced due to laser action with lower area, therefore can only obtain the symmetrical mode guided wave of low order at the cutoff frequency of high order symmetry mode.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that an embodiment of the present invention utilizes laser in pipeline configuration, excite the exemplary realization flow schematic diagram of the method for single longitudinal wave guide mode.
Fig. 2 is the exemplary excitation light path schematic diagram utilizing laser to excite the method for single longitudinal wave guide mode in Fig. 1 embodiment in pipeline configuration.
Fig. 3 is the ray tracing schematic diagram of prism of corner cube in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is that annular beam shines in the effect schematic diagram of pipeline end face.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of optical beam-expanding device one embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of optical beam-expanding device.
Embodiment
In order to more understand technology contents of the present invention, institute's accompanying drawings is coordinated to be described as follows especially exemplified by specific embodiment.
Figure 1 shows that an embodiment of the present invention utilizes laser in pipeline configuration, excite the exemplary realization flow of the method for single longitudinal wave guide mode, wherein, a kind of method utilizing laser to excite single longitudinal wave guide mode in pipeline configuration, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, a pulsed laser is utilized to give off laser beam;
Step 2, laser beam expanded and collimates process, obtaining a collimated laser beam;
Step 3, collimated laser beam is converted to annular beam, form annular beam thickness be the half of incoming collimated laser beam diameter;
Step 4, annular beam to be assembled;
Step 5, annular beam step 4 obtained are projeced into pipeline end face, by adjustment pipeline location, the center of annular beam is overlapped with pipeline center, annular beam and pipeline end face meet: (r1+r2)/2=(r3+r4)/2, wherein: r1 is the internal diameter of annular beam, r2 is the external diameter of annular beam, and r3 is internal diameter of the pipeline, and r4 is outer diameter tube.
Fig. 2 is the exemplary excitation light path schematic diagram utilizing laser to excite the method for single longitudinal wave guide mode in Fig. 1 embodiment in pipeline configuration, comprising: label is the pulsed laser of 1, label is the optical beam-expanding device of 2, label is the prism of corner cube of 3, label is the plano-convex lens of 4, and label is the pipeline of 5.
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, preferably, in abovementioned steps 2, the laser beam utilizing optical beam-expanding device 2 paired pulses laser instrument 1 to send carries out expanding and collimating, and obtains a collimated laser beam.
As shown in Figure 2, as preferred embodiment, optical beam-expanding device 2 is made up of a plano-concave lens 2a and collimation lens 2b, the light beam that plano-concave lens 2a sends for paired pulses laser instrument 1 is dispersed, collimation lens 2b is positioned on the emitting light path of plano-concave lens 2a, for collimating the light beam after dispersing, form collimated laser beam.Collimation lens 2b, is preferably a biconvex lens.
Figure 5 shows that the schematic diagram of another embodiment of optical beam-expanding device 2, wherein, optical beam-expanding device 2 is made up of a plano-concave lens 2c and plano-convex lens 2d, the light beam that plano-concave lens 2a sends for paired pulses laser instrument 1 is dispersed, plano-convex lens 2d is positioned on the emitting light path of plano-concave lens 2c, for collimating the light beam after dispersing, form collimated laser beam.
Figure 6 shows that the schematic diagram of the another embodiment of optical beam-expanding device 2, wherein, optical beam-expanding device 2 is made up of two biconvex lens 2e, 2f, and the laser beam sent for paired pulses laser instrument 1 carries out expanding and collimation.
Certainly, Fig. 2, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 only provide some exemplary embodiments of optical beam-expanding device 2, can also adopt other suitable embodiments, reach the process expanding and collimate that paired pulses laser instrument 1 gives off laser beam.
Shown in composition graphs 1 and Fig. 2, abovementioned steps 3, utilizes prism of corner cube 3 that collimated laser beam is converted to annular beam.Be illustrated in figure 3 the ray tracing signal of prism of corner cube 3, in figure, meet nsin α=sin (alpha+beta) between α and β, wherein n is the refractive index of prism of corner cube 3.Along with the increase of α, β also increases thereupon, and the annular beam internal diameter formed also increases thereupon.
Shown in composition graphs 1 and Fig. 2, abovementioned steps 4, makes light beam assemble by a plano-convex lens 4 annular beam, and make to assemble the annular beam 6 of energy density higher than incidence of rear annular beam, this annular beam 6 projects on the end face of pipeline 5.Fig. 4 is the effect schematic diagram that annular beam 6 irradiates in pipeline end face 7.
Embodiment as an alternative, for the pipeline of different pore size, can select the angle [alpha] (namely selecting the prism of corner cube of different angles) of prism of corner cube, thus obtain the annular beam mating different pore size pipeline according to the size in required aperture.
Embodiment as an alternative, for the pipeline of different thickness of pipe, by regulating prism of corner cube 4 to make it mate the pipeline of different thickness of pipe from the thickness that the distance between pipeline 5 controls annular beam, obtains the annular beam mating different thickness of pipe.
Shown in figure 2, utilize laser in pipeline configuration, excite the light path system of single longitudinal wave guide mode as an embodiment of the present invention, this light path system comprises: pulsed laser 1, optical beam-expanding device 2, prism of corner cube 3, plano-convex lens 4 and pipeline 5.Pulsed laser 1 is positioned to optical beam-expanding device 2 Emission Lasers in the input path of optical beam-expanding device 2, as emissive source, and optical beam-expanding device 2, prism of corner cube 3 and plano-convex lens 4 are positioned on same optical axis.Prism of corner cube 3 is positioned on the emitting light path of optical beam-expanding device 2, and plano-convex lens 4 is positioned on the emitting light path of prism of corner cube 3, and pipeline 5 is positioned on the emitting light path of plano-convex lens 4.
Optical beam-expanding device 2, the laser beam that paired pulses laser instrument 1 sends carries out expanding and collimating, and obtains a collimated laser beam.As shown in Figure 2, as preferred embodiment, optical beam-expanding device 2 is made up of a plano-concave lens 2a and collimation lens 2b, the light beam that plano-concave lens 2a sends for paired pulses laser instrument 1 is dispersed, for collimating the light beam after dispersing on the emitting light path that collimation lens 2b is positioned at plano-concave lens, form collimated laser beam.Collimation lens 2b, is preferably a biconvex lens.
As shown in Figure 5, as the optional embodiment of one, optical beam-expanding device 2 is made up of a plano-concave lens 2c and plano-convex lens 2d, the light beam that plano-concave lens 2a sends for paired pulses laser instrument 1 is dispersed, plano-convex lens 2d is positioned on the emitting light path of plano-concave lens 2c, for collimating the light beam after dispersing, form collimated laser beam.
As shown in Figure 6, as the optional embodiment of one, optical beam-expanding device 2 is made up of two biconvex lens 2e, 2f, and the light beam sent for paired pulses laser instrument 1 carries out expanding and collimation.
As preferred embodiment, prism of corner cube 3 is for being converted to annular beam by collimated laser beam, and the thickness of this annular beam is the half of incoming collimated laser beam diameter.
Plano-convex lens 4 makes light beam assemble, obtain the annular beam 6 that the annular beam energy density before than incidence is stronger, this annular beam 6 is projeced on the end face 7 of pipeline 5, annular beam 6 meets with pipeline end face: (r1+r2)/2=(r3+r4)/2, wherein: r1 is the internal diameter of annular beam, r2 is the external diameter of annular beam, and r3 is internal diameter of the pipeline, and r4 is outer diameter tube.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment disclose as above, so itself and be not used to limit the present invention.Persond having ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when being used for a variety of modifications and variations.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention is when being as the criterion depending on those as defined in claim.
Claims (10)
1. utilize laser in pipeline configuration, excite a method for single longitudinal wave guide mode, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, a pulsed laser is utilized to give off laser beam;
Step 2, laser beam expanded and collimates process, obtaining a collimated laser beam;
Step 3, collimated laser beam is converted to annular beam, form annular beam thickness be the half of incoming collimated laser beam diameter;
Step 4, annular beam to be assembled; And
Step 5, annular beam step 4 obtained are projeced into pipeline end face, by adjustment pipeline location, the center of annular beam is overlapped with pipeline center, annular beam and pipeline end face meet: (r1+r2)/2=(r3+r4)/2, wherein: r1 is the internal diameter of annular beam, r2 is the external diameter of annular beam, and r3 is internal diameter of the pipeline, and r4 is outer diameter tube.
2. the method utilizing laser to excite single longitudinal wave guide mode in pipeline configuration according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 2, and the laser beam utilizing optical beam-expanding device paired pulses laser to send carries out expanding and collimating.
3. the method utilizing laser to excite single longitudinal wave guide mode in pipeline configuration according to claim 1, is characterized in that described step 3 utilizes prism of corner cube that collimated laser beam is converted to annular beam.
4. the method utilizing laser to excite single longitudinal wave guide mode in pipeline configuration according to claim 3, is characterized in that, for the pipeline of different pore size, obtains the annular beam mating different pore size pipeline by selecting the prism of corner cube of different angles.
5. the method utilizing laser to excite single longitudinal wave guide mode in pipeline configuration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 4, makes light beam assemble by a plano-convex lens annular beam.
6. the method utilizing laser to excite single longitudinal wave guide mode in pipeline configuration according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, for the pipeline of different thickness of pipe, obtain from the distance between plano-convex lens the annular beam mating different thickness of pipe by regulating pipeline.
7. the light path system utilizing laser to excite single longitudinal wave guide mode in pipeline configuration, it is characterized in that, this light path system comprises pulsed laser, optical beam-expanding device, prism of corner cube, plano-convex lens and a pipeline, optical beam-expanding device, prism of corner cube and plano-convex lens are positioned on same optical axis, prism of corner cube is positioned on the emitting light path of optical beam-expanding device, plano-convex lens is positioned on the emitting light path of prism of corner cube, and pipeline is positioned on the emitting light path of plano-convex lens, wherein:
Pulsed laser is positioned in the input path of optical beam-expanding device, to optical beam-expanding device Emission Lasers;
The laser beam that optical beam-expanding device sends for paired pulses laser instrument carries out expanding and collimating, and obtains a collimated laser beam;
Prism of corner cube is used for collimated laser beam to be converted to annular beam, and the thickness of this annular beam is the half of incoming collimated laser beam diameter;
Plano-convex lens is used for convergent beam, obtain the annular beam that the annular beam energy density before than incidence is stronger, this annular beam is projeced on the end face of described pipeline, annular beam and pipeline end face meet: (r1+r2)/2=(r3+r4)/2, wherein: r1 is the internal diameter of annular beam, r2 is the external diameter of annular beam, and r3 is internal diameter of the pipeline, and r4 is outer diameter tube.
8. the light path system utilizing laser to excite single longitudinal wave guide mode in pipeline configuration according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described optical beam-expanding device is made up of a plano-concave lens and collimation lens, the light beam that plano-concave lens sends for paired pulses laser instrument is dispersed, for collimating the light beam after dispersing on the emitting light path that collimation lens is positioned at plano-concave lens, form collimated laser beam.
9. the light path system utilizing laser to excite single longitudinal wave guide mode in pipeline configuration according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described collimation lens is a plano-convex lens or biconvex lens.
10. the light path system utilizing laser to excite single longitudinal wave guide mode in pipeline configuration according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described optical beam-expanding device is made up of 2 biconvex lens.
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| CN107795866A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-13 | 日亚化学工业株式会社 | Light-emitting device |
| CN110850591A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Analytic description method of annular structured light |
| WO2022105848A1 (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-05-27 | 毕勇 | Laser thermoplasty treatment device for bronchial asthma |
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| CN107795866A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-13 | 日亚化学工业株式会社 | Light-emitting device |
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| CN110850591A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Analytic description method of annular structured light |
| CN110850591B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-08-27 | 昆明理工大学 | Analytic description method of annular structured light |
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