CN104591991A - 羟基酮双官能团光引发剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
羟基酮双官能团光引发剂的制备方法,将二苯甲烷和无水三氯化铝加到有机溶剂中,冷却到0~20℃,然后在2-8小时内,滴加一定量的2-溴异丁酰氯,滴加完毕后,再反应4-8小时,然后将反应混合物倒入冰-盐酸的混合物在,搅拌1~2小时后,静置分层,有机层洗至中性后,减压蒸出溶剂,剩余的黄色粘稠物直接用于下步的水解反应。将步骤(1)所得到的酰基化产物、一定浓度碱的水溶液及有机溶剂混合,加热至回流,反应4~8小时,反应结束后,用酸中和至中性,分离出有机层,水层用二氯甲烷溶剂萃取2-3次,合并的有机层再用旋转蒸发仪脱除溶剂,再重结晶,得到白色的固体。本发明工艺简单,适宜大规模工业化生产,产品的收率高,纯度高,成本低。
Description
技术领域:本发明涉及一种光引发剂的制备方法,尤其是一种羟基酮双官能团光引发剂的制备方法,属于新材料技术领域。
背景技术:光引发剂是紫外光(UV)感光树脂固化体系的重要组分,是决定固化速率和固化程度的主要因素之一。近几年来发展很快,尽管市场上已有许多种光聚合引发剂,但是大部分都属于紫外光体系,仅对远紫外光敏感,这就要求开发和研究新型高感低能的、对长波可见激光敏感的光聚合引发剂体系。
α-羟基酮化合物是一类非常重要的应用十分广泛的光固化光引发剂,其代表产品为1-羟基环己基苯甲酮(HCPK)[吴建兵,李萍,马国章等。高分子材料科学与工程,2012,28,5-8。]和2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基-1-丙酮(HMPP)[周远航,南京理工大学,2010。],但以上两种光引发剂是结构简单的单官能度小分子化合物,和聚合物相容性差,残留在制品中的光引发剂及光解碎片容易迁移和挥发,使制品老化黄变,出现气味和毒性,制约了其在光固化体系方面的应用。为了改善这类光引发剂的性能,并实现商品化的目标,最近几年,一些双官能团大分子的α-羟基酮化合物的光引发剂被报道,显现出优良的光固化性能。美国专利US7084183描述了一个α-羟基酮混合物的制备方法,但制备过程繁琐,较难实现工业化的生产。
发明内容:针对上述现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种适合大规模工业化生产要求的羟基酮双官能团光引发剂的制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:羟基酮双官能团光引发剂的制备方法,所述的方法包括以下步骤:
(1)傅克酰基化反应
将二苯甲烷和无水三氯化铝加到有机溶剂中,冷却到0~20℃,然后在2-8小时内,滴加一定量的2-溴异丁酰氯,其中二苯甲烷,2-溴异丁酰氯与三氯化铝的摩尔比为1:2.1~2.8:2.2~2.9,滴加完毕后,再反应4-8小时,然后将反应混合物倒入冰-盐酸的混合物在,搅拌1~2小时后,静置分层,有机层洗至中性后,减压蒸出溶剂,剩余的黄色粘稠物直接用于下步的水解反应。
所述的有机溶剂为二氯甲烷、二氯苯、二氯乙烷、氯苯中的一种。
(2)羟基化反应
将步骤(1)所得到的酰基化产物、一定浓度碱的水溶液及有机溶剂混合,加热至回流,反应4~8小时,反应结束后,用酸中和至中性,分离出有机层,水层用二氯甲烷溶剂萃取2-3次,合并的有机层再用旋转蒸发仪脱除溶剂,再重结晶,得到白色的固体(目标产物引发剂),纯度98%.
所述的有机溶剂为乙醇、甲苯,氯苯、二氯苯中的一种。
所用的碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾及乙醇钠中的一种。
所用碱的浓度为8%~40%。
本发明具有如下优点与积极效果:
(1)本发明提供的制备方法,其工艺简单,适宜大规模工业化生产。
(2)产品的收率高,纯度高,成本低。
附图说明:
图1是本发明制备的羟基酮双官能团光引发剂的分子结构式。
图2是本发明的反应路线图。
图3是光引发剂的高效液相色谱(HPLC)图。
图4是光引发剂的红外光谱(IR)图。
图5是光引发剂的1H-NMR图。
图6是光引发剂的质谱(Mass)图。
具体实施方式:
如图1和图2所示:羟基酮双官能团光引发剂的制备方法,所述的方法包括以下步骤:
(1)傅克酰基化反应
将二苯甲烷和无水三氯化铝加到有机溶剂中,冷却到0~20℃,然后在2-8小时内,滴加一定量的2-溴异丁酰氯,其中二苯甲烷,2-溴异丁酰氯与三氯化铝的摩尔比为1:2.1~2.8:2.2~2.9,滴加完毕后,再反应4-8小时,然后将反应混合物倒入冰-盐酸的混合物在,搅拌1~2小时后,静置分层,有机层洗至中性后,减压蒸出溶剂,剩余的黄色粘稠物直接用于下步的水解反应。
所述的有机溶剂为二氯甲烷、二氯苯、二氯乙烷、氯苯中的一种。
(2)羟基化反应
将步骤(1)所得到的酰基化产物、一定浓度碱的水溶液及有机溶剂混合,加热至回流,反应4~8小时,反应结束后,用酸中和至中性,分离出有机层,水层用二氯甲烷溶剂萃取2-3次,合并的有机层再用旋转蒸发仪脱除溶剂,再重结晶,得到白色的固体(目标产物引发剂),纯度98%.
所述的有机溶剂为乙醇、甲苯,氯苯、二氯苯中的一种。
所用的碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾及乙醇钠中的一种。
所用碱的浓度为8%~40%。
如图3所示:从高效液相色谱(HPLC)图上可以确定所合成的样品纯度高,含量达到了98%左右(面积归一法)。
如图4所示:在红外光谱(IR)图上,于3450cm-1附近观察到了醇羟基的吸收峰,在1670cm-1附近观察到了羰基的强吸收峰,同时,在1464、1412及1367cm-1附近也发现了苯环的特征峰,这些证据都表明了引发剂结构中的特征基团的存在,更准确的结构分析见下面的核磁和质谱的分析。
如图5所示:1H-NMR(DMSO,400MHz),δ8.10(dd,J=4Hz,4H),7.35(dd,J=4Hz,4H),5.64(s,2H),4.06(s,2H),1.38(s,12H).通过核磁的分析,更准确证明了化合物结构的正确性。同时,质谱的测试也进一步验证了这个观点。
在图6的质谱(Mass)图上,观察到了引发剂的分子峰m/z:339.0(M+)及m/z:363.3(M++Na).所有的分析结果都证明了本发明所制备的引发剂结构正确、纯度高。
实施例1
(1)傅克酰基化反应
向配有搅拌、冷凝器、温度计的三口圆底烧瓶中加入二苯基甲烷(40.51g,0.24mol)和含量80%的α-溴代异丁酰氯(133.52g,0.58mol),然后控温搅拌至5℃以下,在1小时内加入AlCl3(76.70g,0.58mol),加完后恒温反应5h。停止反应,将产物加到盐酸与冰水的混合溶液中,搅拌30min,有机相洗至中性,分去水相,脱去溶剂。得130g左右褐色粘稠状物质,不必提纯直接用于下步的水解反应。
(2)羟基化反应
将上步(1)产物与120ml 40%NaOH水溶液、乙醇(200ml)加到500ml烧瓶中,冷凝回流,反应3小时后,冷去至室温,用酸中和至中性,用二氯乙烷萃取三次(50mlx3),合并的有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤,粗品用乙醇/正己烷混合溶剂重结晶,得白色固体(54.96g),产率67.05%,液相色谱分析含量98.00%,熔点52℃~53℃。
Claims (5)
1.基酮双官能团光引发剂的制备方法,所述的方法包括以下步骤:
(1)傅克酰基化反应
将二苯甲烷和无水三氯化铝加到有机溶剂中,冷却到0~20℃,然后在2-8小时内,滴加2-溴异丁酰氯,其中二苯甲烷,2-溴异丁酰氯与三氯化铝的摩尔比为1:2.1~2.8:2.2~2.9,滴加完毕后,再反应4-8小时,然后将反应混合物倒入冰-盐酸的混合物在,搅拌1~2小时后,静置分层,有机层洗至中性后,减压蒸出溶剂,剩余的黄色粘稠物直接用于下步的水解反应。
(2)羟基化反应
将步骤(1)所得到的酰基化产物、碱的水溶液及有机溶剂混合,加热至回流,反应4~8小时,反应结束后,用酸中和至中性,分离出有机层,水层用二氯甲烷溶剂萃取2-3次,合并的有机层再用旋转蒸发仪脱除溶剂,再重结晶,得到羟基酮双官能团光引发剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的基酮双官能团光引发剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中所述的有机溶剂为二氯甲烷、二氯苯、二氯乙烷、氯苯中的一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的基酮双官能团光引发剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中所述的有机溶剂为乙醇、甲苯,氯苯、二氯苯中的一种。
4.如权利要求1所述的基酮双官能团光引发剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中所用的碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾及乙醇钠中的一种。
5.如权利要求1或4所述的基酮双官能团光引发剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中碱的浓度为8%~40%。
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