CN104568700B - Adjustable soil infiltration performance detecting and loss amount sampling device - Google Patents
Adjustable soil infiltration performance detecting and loss amount sampling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104568700B CN104568700B CN201410840098.1A CN201410840098A CN104568700B CN 104568700 B CN104568700 B CN 104568700B CN 201410840098 A CN201410840098 A CN 201410840098A CN 104568700 B CN104568700 B CN 104568700B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable soil infiltration performance detecting and loss amount sampling device and belongs to the technical field of water-saving irrigation. The device comprises a belt conveying shaft support, a belt conveying shaft, a chain, a servo motor III, a belt support seat, a leakage instrument base, a belt, liquid containing bottles, a leakage instrument support sleeve, a leakage instrument, a rack, a sensor moving sleeve and a water injection cavity. According to the device, positions of integrated blocks of sensors can be adjusted according to moisture infiltration positions, the moisture infiltration process can be determined, and changes of multiple physical properties of soil during infiltration can be determined. Meanwhile, infiltration losses can be collected at the bottom in certain time intervals, and comparative analysis tests on lost moisture and moisture entering earth pillars are facilitated. The device is good in controllability and can be applied to moisture infiltration performance detection under different requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of adjustable soil infiltration capability detection and number of dropouts sampler, belong to water-saving irrigation technique
Field.
Background technology
Infiltrate be water penetrate into soil physical phenomenon, be by soil hydraulic properties, water regime and water supply conditions etc. because
The top exchange of moisture process of plain comprehensive function, it is with hydrology conversion, Soil erosion, soil moisture, nutrient, salinity and weigh
Metal ion transport etc. has close ties.Infiltrate and the depth of water (i.e. permeability model or infiltration rate) is infiltrated with the unit interval, or to go through
When infiltrate cumulative curve and represent.The process of infiltration rate time to time change claims infiltration curve.When water infiltrates in soil, soil
Some physical propertys can change with infiltrating of moisture, the moisture of such as soil, acid-base value (ph value), salinity, temperature
Deng, these physical indexs, directly reflect the impact to soil for the water infiltration.Infiltration Characteristics in Field Soils and infiltration parameter simultaneously
It is to determine necessity foundation of surface irrigation technical parameter, for water-saving irrigation technique, infiltration rate and infiltrate depth and time
Relation be to evaluate an important indicator of irrigation effect, guidance instruction can be provided to agriculture water management.Therefore, soil enters
Ooze research significant to promoting related discipline more preferably faster to develop.
Research to Infiltration Law was divided into two classes in the past, and a class is the side of commonly used double-ring infiltration instrument in field work
Method, the method has high demands to experimental enviroment, and precision is relatively low, and automatic control effect is poor, and the method is only capable of measurement soil and enters
Ooze the relation with the time it is impossible to the relation measuring soil infiltration depth with the time is so that the method measurement result is single, the suitability
Poor it is difficult to meet test requirements document.Another kind of is the laboratory experiment method being infiltrated by horizontal or vertical column simulation, and the method exists
During use to measure soil moisture content sometime, ph and electrical conductivity when, need the soil sample in earth pillar to take out
Just completing after extraction to measure, having that work efficiency is low and the more low defect of certainty of measurement, it will be further appreciated that doing soil
During earth infiltrating performance (breakthrough curve) test, timing is needed to collect, from earth pillar lower end, the water sample oozing out, staff can not leave
Test site, and continuously a couple of days can not be interrupted.Therefore, the method measurement process is time-consuming, laborious, measurement efficiency is extremely low
Under.For this reason, we pass through multi-crossed disciplines, introduce modern test technology, mechanized equipment and automatic technology, seek a kind of permissible
Automatic measurement, automatically connect sample, realize measurement result and can reflect that the assay device of multi objective is very necessary.
At present, the Patents being related to the soil infiltration capability detection means of automatic multi objective have: soil infiltration capability
Real-time automatic measuring system (200610089698.4), a kind of apparatus and method measuring unsaturated soil infiltrated water
(201210196089.4) a kind of, interior column soil layer rainfall infiltration apparatus for automatically measuring (201210369371.8) etc..Wherein
, mainly for the measurement of soil runoff, the measurement for earth pillar is inapplicable for soil infiltration performance real-time automatic measuring system；A kind of
What the apparatus and method of mensure unsaturated soil infiltrated water measured is the infiltrated water of unsaturated soil, but this device is if necessary
Higher certainty of measurement, needs more moisture transducer and wawter tension meter, and installation cost is high, adopts iterative method to obtain simultaneously
Infiltration coefficient, operation is more complicated, and automaticity is low；A kind of interior column soil layer rainfall infiltration apparatus for automatically measuring is only
It is only to measure the infiltrated water of soil it is impossible to measure other indexs.Measuring, do not occur in apparatus and method mentioned above
In Infiltration Processes for Different Vegetation, between the multiple physical property of soil and soil infiltration, the apparatus and method of relation, also do not occur simultaneously
The apparatus and method to the moisture collecting and sampling in batches running off in Infiltration Processes for Different Vegetation.
Content of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as to mention in above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a kind of adjustable soil infiltration capability detection
With number of dropouts sampler, this device can infiltrate position according to moisture, using sensor integration block, automatically measure moisture
In earth pillar infiltration process, and can be according to infiltration process movable sensor integrated package.The many of soil in infiltration process can be measured
Plant the change of physical property.The number of dropouts infiltrated can be collected according to certain time interval in bottom, it is right to facilitate simultaneously
Number of dropouts moisture and the moisture entering earth pillar carry out doing relative analyses test, thus obtaining various ions in soil in infiltration process
Number of dropouts.
The technical scheme is that including belt transmit shaft stool 1, belt transmission shaft 2, chain 3, servomotor 4,
Belt support base 5, leaking equipment base 6, belt 9, liquid holding bottle 10, leaking equipment support set 11, leaking equipment 15, tooth bar 16, sensor
Movable sleeving 17, water-injecting cavity 19；
Described belt transmission shaft stool 1, servomotor 4 and belt support base 5 fix on the ground, belt transmission shaft 2
It is arranged on belt transmission shaft stool 1 top, belt drive shaft 2 and servomotor 4 are connected by chain 3；Belt 9 one end is installed
In the upper end of belt support base 5, the other end is arranged on the upper end of belt drive shaft 2, and liquid holding bottle 10 is uniformly placed on belt 9
On；Leaking equipment base 6 fixes on the ground, and leaking equipment support set 11 is arranged on leaking equipment base 6 top, and collect cavity 34 is arranged on
In leaking equipment support set 11, leaking equipment 15 is arranged on collect cavity 34 top, and the outer circumference surface of leaking equipment 15 is provided with tooth bar 16, tooth
Equipped with sensor movable sleeving 17 on bar 16, water-injecting cavity 19 is arranged on leaking equipment 15 top；Sensor 32 passes through sensor installation seat
27 are arranged in sensor movable sleeving 17, and servomotor 37 is arranged on sensor movable sleeving 17 side, for movable sensor
Position；Servomotor 36 is fixed on the upper surface of sensor movable sleeving 17, and servomotor 36 axle is provided with cam 38, is used for
Control sensor turnover leaking equipment；
Described leaking equipment 15 is hollow circular cylinder, and hollow circular cylinder top is provided with leaking equipment upper flange 20, and bottom is provided with oozes
Leakage instrument lower flange 22, hollow circular cylinder has the sensor access hole 21 of more than 5 rows from top to bottom, and often row is provided with three etc.
Diametric hole, the spacing in the hole of arbitrary neighborhood two row is identical, and tooth bar 16 is arranged on the side of sensor access hole 21.
Described water-injecting cavity 19 is hollow circular cylinder, and its top is axially arranged with water filling port 30, and radial symmetric is provided with auxiliary water filling
Hole 7, water-injecting cavity 19 bottom even has equal cloth hole 31, and water-injecting cavity 19 bottom is provided with flange, this flange and leaking equipment 15
Leaking equipment upper flange 20 is bolted.
Described collect cavity 34 is hollow circular cylinder, and its top is provided with method pulling plate, method pulling plate is uniformly provided with lower equal cloth hole 33,
Collect cavity 34 bottom is axially arranged with apopore 35, and the leaking equipment lower flange 22 on the flange and leaking equipment 15 on collect cavity 34 top leads to
Cross bolt connection.
Described tooth bar 16 is arranged on the outer circumference surface of leaking equipment 15, the axial length of the length of tooth bar 16 and leaking equipment 15
Identical, the both sides of tooth bar 16 are provided with slide rail, and sensor movable sleeving 17 is arranged on tooth bar 16 by slide rail, slide rail length and tooth bar
16 length is identical.
Described sensor movable sleeving 17 is hollow fan-shaped body, and hollow space is also segment, the excircle of segment radial direction
Circuit hole 23 and sensor access hole 25 are respectively equipped with face and inner peripheral surface, sensor movable sleeving 17 side has motor peace
Dress hole 24 and tooth bar sliding-rail groove 13, servomotor 37 is arranged in motor installing hole 24 by axle, and the other end of axle is provided with
Gear 14, gear 14 is matched with tooth bar 16, and tooth bar sliding-rail groove 13 is matched with slide rail, is provided with sensor movable sleeving 17
Preloading spring mounting post 26, equipped with spring 29 in preloading spring mounting post 26, one end of spring 29 and sensor movable sleeving 17
Inner face contacts, and the other end contacts with inside sensor installation seat 27.
Described sensor installation seat 27 is segment, and segment upper surface is provided with a boss, is provided with one inside segment
Arrange above sensor mounting post 28, often row is provided with three, is respectively equipped with some mutually similar in each sensor mounting post 28
The sensor 32 of type, the installation site of sensor mounting post 28 is corresponding with sensor access hole 25, and with leaking equipment 15
On sensor access hole match, the boss on sensor installation seat 27 is matched with cam 38, often three sensors of row peace
The type of sensor installed on dress post 28 is different, the type of each sensor of another row and quantity and this row's phase
With sensor installation seat 27 is nested in portion in the hollow fan-shaped body of sensor movable sleeving 17 completely.
Described it is provided with lower silicagel pad 12 between the leaking equipment lower flange 22 of collect cavity 34 and leaking equipment.
It is provided with silicagel pad 18 between the leaking equipment upper flange 20 of the described flange in the bottom in water-injecting cavity 19 and leaking equipment.
The sensor access hole 21 that leaking equipment 15 outer circumference surface is provided with, sensor access hole 25 are installed with sensor
Post 28 matches, the spacing of arbitrary neighborhood two row's sensor access hole 21 and two winding displacement road holes 23, two row's sensor access holes
25th, the spacing all same of two row's sensor mounting posts 28.
Described servomotor 4, sensor 32, servomotor 36, servomotor 37 can be with conventional programmable controls
Device is connected；Can be programmed according to actual requirement, thus controlling their action.
The operation principle of the present invention is:
When certain soil will be carried out with infiltrating performance and number of dropouts detection, in leaking equipment 15, first load certain condition
Soil, water-injecting cavity 19 and collect cavity 34 are separately mounted to leaking equipment 15 top and bottom by upper silicagel pad 18, lower silicagel pad 12
Portion, leaking equipment is arranged in the leaking equipment support set 11 on the leaking equipment base 6 fixing on the ground by collect cavity 34, passes through
Water filling port 30 above water-injecting cavity 19 injects distilled water in water-injecting cavity, and water-injecting cavity 19 both sides are provided with two auxiliary water filling ports 7, this
One, two holes are used for injection testing ion in water-injecting cavity 19, and another is used for discharging unnecessary liquid.When needing to measure certain
A little ions in soil when infiltrating loss characteristic, using the auxiliary water filling port 7 of water-injecting cavity 19 both sides.When water and solion enter
After entering water-injecting cavity 19, in water-injecting cavity 19 internal mix uniformly, then seepage is uniformly flowed to by the upper equal cloth hole 31 of its bottom
The soil surface of instrument 15, starts to infiltrate.
It is arranged on leaking equipment 15 outer circumference surface upper rack 16 to maintain static, the sensor movable sleeving 17 matching with tooth bar 16
It is initially located in the top of leaking equipment 15 with sensor installation seat 27.Now, so that passing in the presence of the pretension elastic force of spring 29
The outer circumference surface of sensor mounting seat 27 is close to sensor movable sleeving 17, sensor installation seat 27 distance in sensor movable sleeving 17
The distance of leaking equipment 15 is larger, so that sensor mounting post 28 and sensor 32 are also away from leaking equipment 15, now sensor
32 are not inserted into leaking equipment 15, and now sensor 32 can not detect.Start the servomotor being arranged on sensor movable sleeving 17
36, this motor can be with the motion of moving cam 38, the motion of cam 38, so that matched sensor installation seat 27 exists
Move radially in sensor movable sleeving 17, thus driving sensor mounting post 28 and sensor 32 also radial motion, until sensing
After device 32 enters the soil certain depth in leaking equipment 15, stop the effect of servomotor 36, now sensor 32 is to soil
There is detection effect.The sensor 32 being arranged on sensor installation seat 27 has two rows, has often arranged three types sensing
Device, in the sensor of three types, at least one is moisture transducer, remaining two sensor can according to detection require into
Row is changed.
Originally, the moisture entering soil surface leaking equipment 15 from water-injecting cavity 19 uniform flow does not flow to sensing station, and two
Moisture transducer in row's sensor mounting post 28 all can not detect the change of moisture, and other types of sensor can be to this
The property of the soil at place is detected.Water continuous downward seepage in leaking equipment 15, until seepage head reaches first row sensing
During device position, in first row sensor, moisture transducer detects moisture and drastically changes, then keep the regular hour, then start
Servomotor 36 acts on, likewise, this motor belt motor moving cam 38 operates, under the collective effect of cam 38 and spring 29, sensing
Device mounting seat 27 moves out in sensor movable sleeving 17, thus driving sensor 32 to be moved from leaking equipment 15.So
Start servomotor 37 afterwards to act on, the operating of this motor, the gear 14 being arranged on this motor shaft can be driven to rotate, gear
14 coordinate with fixing tooth bar 16 so that sliding-rail groove on sensor movable sleeving 17 along tooth bar 16 both sides slide rail to moving down
Dynamic, after sensor moves a certain distance, stop the effect of servomotor 37.Then restart servomotor 36 to carry out
Enter the operation of leaking equipment, thus upper row's sensor enters the position that the lower row's sensor before not moving down enters leaking equipment
Put, upper row's sensor carries out duplicate detection to the soil property at this, lower row's sensor is moved down into new position, and it is right to carry out
The detection of the soil property of this position.Similar, when Infiltration is to upper row's sensing station, the moisture in upper row's sensor
Sensor detects the drastically change of moisture, then repeat operation described in this paragraph.
Similar, all test positions of leaking equipment bottom are all similar to the operation of above-mentioned position, until owning bottom
After the completion of the position detection setting, stop servomotor 36 and the operation of control sensor.
When Water deep leaching soil bottom in leaking equipment 15, moisture can first pass through the lower equal cloth hole on collect cavity 34 top
33, flow in the cavity within collect cavity 34, finally the apopore 35 from collect cavity 34 bottom flows out, apopore 35 just under
Side, is provided with liquid holding bottle 10, liquid holding bottle 10 is uniformly placed on above belt 9, and belt 9 passes through belt transmission shaft 2 and servomotor
4 Chain conveyer realizes intermittent movement, thus driving the intermittent movement of the liquid holding bottle 10 being disposed above, the intermittent time is permissible
Set by conventional method.Liquid holding bottle 10 with belt 9 intermittent movement so that drip enter liquid holding bottle 10 in water loss amount one
Part portion separately holds, and facilitates the detection of the soil ion number of dropouts in later stage.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1st, this device can not only detect infiltration process in soil for the moisture, and can be to infiltrating some causing soil
The change of physical property (ph and electrical conductivity etc.) is detected.
2nd, this device setting sensor integration block, can infiltrate position according to moisture in soil, adjust test position, no
Need to be uniformly arranged multiple sensors in soil, detection motility is higher, and Meteorological is less.
3rd, this device setting two rows sensor, during carrying out soil infiltration capability detection, upper row's sensor
With lower row's sensor, the change of the various physical propertys of soil before and after can measuring Infiltration or during Infiltration becomes
Gesture.
4th, the water sample that this device can flow out to earth pillar lower end carry out collection accomplished continuously or intermittently, and separately holds, after convenience
The number of dropouts detection to various ions in soil in infiltration process for the phase.
5th, the operation of this device adopts controller to realize, and Control Cooling can be manually set, and can meet under different requirements
Soil infiltration capability detection, the personal error in process of the test can be reduced.
6th, the installation of this device is fairly simple, and maintenance is more convenient, can reduce hand labor intensity.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representation；
Fig. 2 is water-injecting cavity structural representation in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is water-injecting cavity partial cutaway three dimensional structure diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of leaking equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of collect cavity of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the partial cutaway three dimensional structure diagram of collect cavity of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of inventive sensor movable sleeving；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of inventive sensor mounting seat；
Fig. 9 is the annexation three dimensional structure diagram of inventive sensor movable sleeving and sensor installation seat；
Figure 10 is the structure of the annexation of the assemblies such as inventive sensor movable sleeving, sensor installation seat, tooth bar, cam
Schematic diagram；
Figure 11 is the annexation structural representation of the assemblies such as inventive sensor movable sleeving, sensor installation seat；
Figure 12 be the assemblies such as inventive sensor movable sleeving, sensor installation seat annexation structural representation；
Figure 13 is the structural representation of silicagel pad in the present invention；
Figure 14 is the annexation structural representation of leaking equipment base of the present invention and leaking equipment support set；
Figure 15 is the annexation structural representation of leaking equipment base of the present invention, leaking equipment support set and collect cavity；
Figure 16 is the annexation structural representation of the assemblies such as inventive belt support base, liquid holding bottle；
In figure: 1- belt transmission shaft stool, 2- belt transmission shaft, 3- chain, 4- servomotor, 5- belt support base,
6- leaking equipment base, 7- assists water filling port, 8- Programmable Logic Controller, 9- belt, 10- liquid holding bottle, 11- leaking equipment support set, 12-
Lower silicagel pad, 13- tooth bar sliding-rail groove, 14- gear, 15- leaking equipment, 16- tooth bar, 17- sensor movable sleeving, the upper silicagel pad of 18-,
19- water-injecting cavity, 20- leaking equipment upper flange, 21- sensor access hole, 22- leaking equipment lower flange, 23- circuit hole, 24- motor
Installing hole, 25- sensor access hole, 26- preloading spring mounting post, 27- sensor installation seat, 28- sensor mounting post,
29- spring, 30- water filling port, the upper equal cloth hole of 31-, 32- sensor, equal cloth hole, 34- collect cavity, 35- apopore under 33-, 36- watches
Take motor, 37- servomotor, 38- cam.
Specific embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
In described content.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Fig. 1-12,14-16, this adjustable soil infiltration capability detects and number of dropouts sampler bag
Include belt transmission shaft stool 1, belt transmission shaft 2, chain 3, servomotor 4, belt support base 5, leaking equipment base 6, belt
9th, liquid holding bottle 10, leaking equipment support set 11, leaking equipment 15, tooth bar 16, sensor movable sleeving 17, water-injecting cavity 19；
Described belt transmission shaft stool 1, servomotor 4 and belt support base 5 fix on the ground, belt transmission shaft 2
It is arranged on belt transmission shaft stool 1 top, belt drive shaft 2 and servomotor 4 are connected by chain 3；Belt 9 one end is installed
In the upper end of belt support base 5, the other end is arranged on the upper end of belt drive shaft 2, and liquid holding bottle 10 is uniformly placed on belt 9
On；Leaking equipment base 6 fixes on the ground, and leaking equipment support set 11 is arranged on leaking equipment base 6 top, and collect cavity 34 is arranged on
In leaking equipment support set 11, leaking equipment 15 is arranged on collect cavity 34 top, and the outer circumference surface of leaking equipment 15 is provided with tooth bar 16, tooth
Equipped with sensor movable sleeving 17 on bar 16, water-injecting cavity 19 is arranged on leaking equipment 15 top；Sensor 32 passes through sensor installation seat
27 are arranged in sensor movable sleeving 17, and servomotor 37 is arranged on sensor movable sleeving 17 side, for movable sensor
Position；Servomotor 36 is fixed on the upper surface of sensor movable sleeving 17, and servomotor 36 axle is provided with cam 38, is used for
Control sensor turnover leaking equipment；Described leaking equipment 20 is hollow circular cylinder, and hollow circular cylinder top is provided with upper flange 20, bottom
It is provided with leaking equipment lower flange 22, hollow circular cylinder has the sensor access hole 21 of 20 rows from top to bottom, often row is provided with three
Equal diameter hole, the spacing in the hole of arbitrary neighborhood two row is identical, and tooth bar 16 is arranged on the side of sensor access hole 21；Described note
Water cavity 19 is hollow circular cylinder, and its top is axially arranged with water filling port 30, and radial symmetric is provided with auxiliary water injection hole 7, water-injecting cavity 19 bottom
Portion uniformly has equal cloth hole 31, and water-injecting cavity 19 bottom is provided with flange, the leaking equipment upper flange 20 of this flange and leaking equipment 15
It is bolted；Described collect cavity 34 is hollow circular cylinder, and its top is provided with method pulling plate, method pulling plate is uniformly provided with lower uniform
Hole 33, collect cavity 34 bottom is axially arranged with apopore 35, the leaking equipment purgation on the flange and leaking equipment 15 on collect cavity 34 top
Blue 22 are bolted；Described tooth bar 16 is arranged on the outer circumference surface of leaking equipment 15, the length of tooth bar 16 and leaking equipment 15
Axial length identical, the both sides of tooth bar 16 are provided with slide rail, and sensor movable sleeving 17 is arranged on tooth bar 16 by slide rail, slide rail
Length is identical with the length of tooth bar 16；Described sensor movable sleeving 17 is hollow fan-shaped body, and hollow space is also segment, fan-shaped
Circuit hole 23 and sensor access hole 25, sensor movable sleeving 17 are respectively equipped with the outer circumference surface of body radial direction and inner peripheral surface
Side has motor installing hole 24 and tooth bar sliding-rail groove 13, and servomotor 37 is arranged in motor installing hole 24 by axle, axle
The other end gear 14 is installed, gear 14 is matched with tooth bar 16, and tooth bar sliding-rail groove 13 is matched with slide rail, sensor move
In dynamic set 17, preloading spring mounting post 26 is installed, equipped with spring 29 in preloading spring mounting post 26, one end of spring 29 and biography
The inner face contact of sensor movable sleeving 17, the other end contacts with inside sensor installation seat 27；Described sensor installation seat 27
For segment, segment upper surface is provided with a boss, is provided with the sensor mounting post 28 of 2 rows inside segment, often arranges and is provided with
Three, the sensor 32 of some same types, the peace of sensor mounting post 28 are respectively equipped with each sensor mounting post 28
Holding position is corresponding with sensor access hole 25, and matches with the sensor access hole on leaking equipment 15, and sensor is pacified
Boss on dress seat 27 is matched with cam 38, and the type often arranging the sensor installed in three sensor mounting posts 28 is different
, the type of each sensor of another row is identical with this row with quantity, and sensor installation seat 27 is nested in sensor completely
Portion in the hollow fan-shaped body of movable sleeving 17.
Sensor access hole 21 that leaking equipment 15 outer circumference surface is provided with, sensor access hole 25, sensor mounting post
28 match, the spacing of arbitrary neighborhood two row's sensor access hole 21 and two winding displacement road holes 23, two row's sensor access holes
25th, the spacing all same of two row's sensor mounting posts 28.
When certain soil will be carried out with infiltrating performance and number of dropouts detection, first in leaking equipment 15, load soil, will note
Water cavity 19 and collect cavity 34 are separately mounted to leaking equipment 15 top and bottom, leaking equipment by upper silicagel pad 18, lower silicagel pad 12
It is arranged on by collect cavity 34 in the leaking equipment support set 11 on the leaking equipment base 6 fixing on the ground, by water-injecting cavity 19
Water filling port 30 above injects distilled water in water-injecting cavity, and water-injecting cavity 19 both sides are provided with two auxiliary water filling ports 7, this two holes one
Individual for injection testing ion in water-injecting cavity 19, another is used for discharging unnecessary liquid.Exist when needing to measure some ions
In soil when infiltrating loss characteristic, using the auxiliary water filling port 7 of water-injecting cavity 19 both sides.When water and solion enter water-injecting cavity
The soil of leaking equipment 15 after 19, in water-injecting cavity 19 internal mix uniformly, is then uniformly flowed to by the upper equal cloth hole 31 of its bottom
Earth surface, starts seepage.
It is arranged on leaking equipment 15 outer circumference surface upper rack 16 to maintain static, the sensor movable sleeving 17 matching with tooth bar 16
It is initially located in the top of leaking equipment 15 with sensor installation seat 27.When originally, in the presence of the pretension elastic force of spring 29 so that
The outer circumference surface of sensor installation seat 27 is close to sensor movable sleeving 17, and sensor installation seat 27 is in sensor movable sleeving 17 middle-range
Larger with a distance from leaking equipment 15, so that sensor mounting post 28 and sensor 32, also away from leaking equipment 15, now sense
Device 32 is not inserted into leaking equipment 15, and now sensor 32 can not detect.Start the servo electricity being arranged on sensor movable sleeving 17
Machine 36, this motor can be with the motion of moving cam 38, the motion of cam 38, so that matched sensor installation seat
27 move radially in sensor movable sleeving 17, thus driving sensor mounting post 28 and sensor 32 also radial motion, until
After sensor 32 enters the soil certain depth in leaking equipment 15, stop the effect of servomotor 36, now sensor 32 is right
Soil has detection effect.The sensor 32 being arranged on sensor installation seat 27 has two rows, has often arranged three types
Sensor, in the sensor of three types, at least one is moisture transducer, and remaining two sensor can be wanted according to detection
Ask and changed.
Originally, the moisture entering soil surface leaking equipment 15 from water-injecting cavity 19 uniform flow does not flow to sensing station, and two
Moisture transducer in row's sensor mounting post 28 all can not detect the change of moisture, and other types of sensor can be to this
The property of the soil at place is detected.Water continuous downward seepage in leaking equipment 15, until seepage head reaches first row sensing
During device position, in first row sensor, moisture transducer detects moisture and drastically changes, then keep the regular hour, then start
Servomotor 36 acts on, likewise, this motor belt motor moving cam 38 operates, under the collective effect of cam 38 and spring 29, sensing
Device mounting seat 27 moves out in sensor movable sleeving 17, thus driving sensor 32 to be moved from leaking equipment 15.So
Start servomotor 37 afterwards to act on, the operating of this motor, the gear 14 being arranged on this motor shaft can be driven to rotate, gear
14 coordinate with fixing tooth bar 16 so that sliding-rail groove on sensor movable sleeving 17 along tooth bar 16 both sides slide rail to moving down
Dynamic, after sensor moves a certain distance, stop the effect of servomotor 37.Then restart servomotor 36 to carry out
Enter the operation of leaking equipment, thus upper row's sensor enters the position that the lower row's sensor before not moving down enters leaking equipment
Put, upper row's sensor carries out duplicate detection to the soil property at this, lower row's sensor is moved down into new position, and it is right to carry out
The detection of the soil property of this position.Similar, when Infiltration is to upper row's sensing station, the moisture in upper row's sensor
Sensor detects the drastically change of moisture, then repeat operation described in this paragraph.
Similar, all test positions of leaking equipment bottom are all similar to the operation of above-mentioned position, until owning bottom
After the completion of the position detection setting, stop servomotor 36 and the operation of control sensor.
When Water deep leaching soil bottom in leaking equipment 15, moisture can first pass through the lower equal cloth hole on collect cavity 34 top
33, flow in the cavity within collect cavity 34, finally the apopore 35 from collect cavity 34 bottom flows out, apopore 35 just under
Side, is provided with liquid holding bottle 10, liquid holding bottle 10 is uniformly placed on above belt 9, and belt 9 passes through belt transmission shaft 2 and servomotor
4 Chain conveyer realizes intermittent movement, thus driving the intermittent movement of the liquid holding bottle 10 being disposed above, the intermittent time is permissible
Set by conventional method.Liquid holding bottle 10 with belt 9 intermittent movement so that drip enter liquid holding bottle 10 in water loss amount one
Part portion separately holds, and facilitates the soil ion number of dropouts in later stage and the detection of the other properties running off.
Embodiment 2: with embodiment 1, difference is described oozing in collect cavity 34 and leaking equipment to the present embodiment apparatus structure
It is provided with lower silicagel pad 12, the leaking equipment upper flange of the described flange in the bottom in water-injecting cavity 19 and leaking equipment between leakage instrument lower flange 22
It is provided with silicagel pad 18, ibid silicagel pad 18(is shown in Figure 13 to lower silicagel pad 12 structure) between 20；
Described servomotor 4, sensor 32, servomotor 36, servomotor 37 can be with conventional programmable controls
Device 8 is connected；Control their action (see figure 1) by conventional method.
Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail, but the present invention be not limited to above-mentioned
Embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, can also be before without departing from present inventive concept
Put that various changes can be made.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of adjustable soil infiltration capability detection and number of dropouts sampler it is characterised in that: include belt transmission shaft and prop up
Seat (1), belt transmission shaft (2), chain (3), servomotor (4), belt support base (5), leaking equipment base (6), belt
(9), liquid holding bottle (10), leaking equipment support set (11), leaking equipment (15), tooth bar (16), sensor movable sleeving (17), water-injecting cavity
(19)；
Described belt transmission shaft stool (1), servomotor (4) and belt support base (5) fix on the ground, belt transmission shaft
(2) it is arranged on belt transmission shaft stool (1) top, belt transmission shaft (2) and servomotor (4) pass through chain (3) and connect；Skin
Band (9) one end is arranged on the upper end of belt support base (5), and the other end is arranged on the upper end of belt transmission shaft (2), liquid holding bottle (10)
Uniformly it is placed on belt (9)；Leaking equipment base (6) fixes on the ground, and leaking equipment support set (11) is arranged on leaking equipment
Base (6) top, collect cavity (34) is arranged in leaking equipment support set (11), and leaking equipment (15) is arranged on collect cavity (34) top
Portion, the outer circumference surface of leaking equipment (15) is provided with tooth bar (16), equipped with sensor movable sleeving (17), water-injecting cavity on tooth bar (16)
(19) it is arranged on leaking equipment (15) top；Sensor (32) is arranged on sensor movable sleeving (17) by sensor installation seat (27)
Interior, servomotor (37) is arranged on sensor movable sleeving (17) side, and servomotor (36) is fixed on sensor movable sleeving
(17), on upper surface, servomotor (36) axle is provided with cam (38).
2. adjustable soil infiltration capability detection according to claim 1 and number of dropouts sampler it is characterised in that: institute
Stating leaking equipment (15) is hollow circular cylinder, and hollow circular cylinder top is provided with leaking equipment upper flange (20), and bottom is provided with leaking equipment
Flange (22), the outer circumference surface of hollow circular cylinder axially has the sensor access hole (21) of more than 5 rows, often arranges and uniformly set
There are three isodiametric holes, the spacing of adjacent two rounds is identical, and tooth bar (16) is arranged on sensor access hole (21) side.
3. adjustable soil infiltration capability detection according to claim 1 and 2 and number of dropouts sampler, its feature exists
In: described water-injecting cavity (19) is hollow circular cylinder, and its top is axially arranged with water filling port (30), and radial symmetric is provided with auxiliary water filling port
(7), water-injecting cavity (19) bottom has equal cloth hole (31), and water-injecting cavity (19) bottom is provided with flange, this flange and leaking equipment
(15) leaking equipment upper flange (20) is bolted.
4. adjustable soil infiltration capability detection according to claim 3 and number of dropouts sampler it is characterised in that: institute
Stating collect cavity (34) is hollow circular cylinder, and its top is provided with ring flange, ring flange uniformly has lower equal cloth hole (33), collect cavity
(34) bottom is axially arranged with apopore (35), the leaking equipment lower flange of the ring flange on collect cavity (34) top and leaking equipment (15)
(22) it is bolted.
5. adjustable soil infiltration capability detection according to claim 4 and number of dropouts sampler it is characterised in that: pass
Sensor movable sleeving (17) is arranged on tooth bar (16) by slide rail, and slide rail length is identical with the length of tooth bar (16).
6. adjustable soil infiltration capability detection according to claim 5 and number of dropouts sampler it is characterised in that: institute
Stating sensor movable sleeving (17) is hollow fan-shaped body, the outer circumference surface of segment and inner peripheral surface be radially provided with circuit hole (23) and
Sensor access hole (25), sensor movable sleeving (17) side has motor installing hole (24) and tooth bar sliding-rail groove (13), watches
Take motor (37) to be arranged in motor installing hole (24) by axle, the other end of axle is provided with gear (14), gear (14) with
Tooth bar (16) matches, and tooth bar sliding-rail groove (13) is matched with slide rail, is provided with preloading spring in sensor movable sleeving (17)
Mounting post (26), equipped with spring (29) in preloading spring mounting post (26), one end of spring (29) and sensor movable sleeving (17)
Inner face contact, the other end contacted with sensor installation seat (27).
7. adjustable soil infiltration capability detection according to claim 6 and number of dropouts sampler it is characterised in that: pass
Sensor mounting seat (27) upper surface is provided with a boss, is provided with the sensor mounting post (28) of a more than row, sensor inside it
The installation site of mounting post (28) is corresponding with sensor access hole (25), and comes in and goes out with the sensor on leaking equipment (15)
Match in hole, equipped with sensor (32) in each sensor mounting post (28)；Boss on sensor installation seat (27) with convex
Wheel (38) matches.
8. adjustable soil infiltration capability detection according to claim 7 and number of dropouts sampler it is characterised in that:
It is provided with lower silicagel pad (12) between the leaking equipment lower flange (22) of collect cavity (34) and leaking equipment.
9. adjustable soil infiltration capability detection according to claim 8 and number of dropouts sampler it is characterised in that:
It is provided with silicagel pad (18) between the leaking equipment upper flange (20) of the flange in the bottom of water-injecting cavity (19) and leaking equipment.
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| CN105067500B (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2017-08-25 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of earth pillar infiltrating performance detection means |
| CN105388039B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-11-10 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of sampler |
| CN105865981B (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2018-12-21 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of inorganic liquid ionic soil-solidified-agent curing mechanism analytical equipment |
| CN117571969B (en) * | 2024-01-16 | 2024-04-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Automatic soil humidity detection equipment for agriculture |
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