CN104552869B - 用于板或薄膜的挤出成型的喷嘴 - Google Patents

用于板或薄膜的挤出成型的喷嘴 Download PDF

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CN104552869B
CN104552869B CN201410575316.3A CN201410575316A CN104552869B CN 104552869 B CN104552869 B CN 104552869B CN 201410575316 A CN201410575316 A CN 201410575316A CN 104552869 B CN104552869 B CN 104552869B
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CN104552869A (zh
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G.波兹盖纳
S.帕尔沃尔吉
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Magna Steyr Fuel Systems GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/31—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
    • B29C48/313—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections by positioning the die lips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/12—Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/31—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92114—Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92133—Width or height
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92114—Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92152—Thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92609—Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92628—Width or height
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92609—Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92647—Thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92904—Die; Nozzle zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0017—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with blow-moulding or thermoforming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0021—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with joining, lining or laminating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
    • B29C48/2562—Mounting or handling of the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
    • B29C48/2566—Die parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
    • B29C48/2568—Inserts
    • B29C48/25686—Inserts for dies

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于可硬化材料的板或薄膜挤出成型的喷嘴，该喷嘴包括喷嘴下部(1)和喷嘴上部(2)，以及至少一个调节销(3)和喷嘴控制单元，其中柔性元件(4)沿喷嘴上部(2)的下边沿延伸，其中柔性元件(4)与喷嘴下部(1)的距离至少在局部区段通过至少一个调节销(3)由喷嘴控制单元在挤出期间可调节，且本发明涉及一种利用此喷嘴由可硬化的材料制造部件的方法。

Description

用于板或薄膜的挤出成型的喷嘴
技术领域
本发明涉及用于将可硬化材料挤出成型为板或薄膜的喷嘴，特别是用于挤出塑料板的喷嘴。本发明也涉及用于通过此喷嘴由可硬化材料制造部件的方法。
背景技术
用于将塑料和其他可塑性且可硬化的材料挤出成型为板或薄膜的喷嘴是已知的。材料通常首先被加热且在塑形状态中通过喷嘴，在喷嘴下部和喷嘴上部之间被挤出，以在冷却和硬化阶段之后获得尽可能精确地对应于预先确定的尺寸的板。
例如从US4,454,084或DE198 55 751A1中也已知的是，喷嘴的厚度即喷嘴下部和喷嘴上部之间的距离在挤出前可被精细调节，以获得预先给定的厚度公差。
此外已知通过热成形加工塑料板，其中通常将热塑性塑料在加热的状态中变形，例如在真空中拉伸。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是改进所述类型的喷嘴，使得通过挤出可制造较大幅宽的不同的板或薄膜，且特别地使得所制造的板或薄膜特别好地适合于通过另外的变形过程，例如通过热成形的加工。本发明的所要解决的另外的技术问题是给出用于通过此喷嘴由可硬化材料制造部件的合适的方法。
此技术问题根据本发明通过用于将可硬化的材料挤出成型为板或薄膜的喷嘴实现，所述喷嘴包括喷嘴下部和喷嘴上部以及至少一个调节销和喷嘴控制单元，其中柔性元件沿喷嘴上部的下边沿延伸，其中柔性元件与喷嘴下部的距离至少可在局部区段通过喷嘴控制单元的至少一个调节销在挤出期间调节。
根据本发明，柔性元件布置在喷嘴上部的下边沿上，其距喷嘴下部的距离确定了喷嘴的间隙。柔性元件是喷嘴的柔性唇部，所述唇部至少在喷嘴宽度的大部分上延伸，优选地在喷嘴的可用于挤出的整个宽度上延伸。至少在沿柔性元件的此延伸的区段中，此柔性元件至少通过销在挤出过程期间可压近喷嘴下部，和/或可从喷嘴下部移开。以此实现使得以喷嘴制造的板或薄膜的厚度沿其纵向方向即挤出方向可变化。此外，可通过调节销在柔性元件上的至少在局部区段的作用使得板或薄膜在法向于挤出方向的横向方向上的厚度也变化。
喷嘴控制单元根据本发明设置为可实现在挤出期间对于调节销的调节。
柔性元件和喷嘴下部之间的距离优选地可调节至少0.5mm，优选地可调节至少1mm，特别地优选地可调节至少2mm。给定的距离涉及柔性元件的下边沿和下半喷嘴的上边沿。在此，可实现所制造的板的厚度在挤出期间的明显变化。
特别地优选地，喷嘴包括多个作用在相同的柔性元件上的调节销，使得柔性元件与喷嘴下部的距离可在多个区段中通过喷嘴控制单元的多个调节销在挤出期间调节。以此，也可横向于挤出方向在不同的区段中不同地调节所制造的板的厚度。也可以此在柔性元件上沿横向方向上施加近似均匀的压力。
根据本发明的实施形式，侧向地在喷嘴上即在左侧和右侧分别在柔性元件下方放置用于喷嘴宽度调节的滑块。以此，可在挤出前或也在挤出期间改变所制造的板的宽度。侧向滑块优选地也通过喷嘴控制单元控制。
特别地优选地，侧向调节销将柔性元件持久地压在滑块上，且以此导致在侧向区域内柔性元件和喷嘴下部之间的密封。仅中间的调节销可实际上在挤出期间被调节。
根据本发明的用于从可硬化的材料制造部件的方法使用根据本发明的喷嘴，其中在挤出期间由喷嘴控制单元改变在纵向方向和/或横向方向上的部件的厚度，这通过在挤出期间通过至少一个调节销由喷嘴控制单元至少在局部区段改变柔性元件与喷嘴下部的距离来实现。特别地，可由喷嘴控制单元在二维上，即取决于在横向方向上的位置且取决于时间地改变柔性元件与喷嘴下部的距离。
优选地，用于制造部件的喷嘴控制单元根据第一二维函数改变柔性元件与喷嘴下部的距离，且为制造另一个部件，由喷嘴控制单元根据与第一二维函数不同的第二二维函数改变柔性元件与喷嘴下部的距离。以此，可特别地以唯一的喷嘴和喷嘴控制单元产生两个相互协调的部件。
该部件和该另一个部件可特别地在其周长上相互焊接，以一起形成容器。该部件和该另一个部件在此情况中形成尤其是用于塑料容器的下壳体和上壳体。
为此优选地将第一二维函数和第二二维函数相互关联，使得两个部件的周长相互匹配，以相互良好地焊接。两个二维函数的关联可表示为张量。
优选地，在制造该部件和该另一个部件之前，将第一二维函数和第二二维函数之间的关联，特别是张量，在喷嘴控制单元上配置。
当在部件挤出之后将此部件热成形时可特别好地应用根据本发明的方法，其中尤其在挤出之后，较厚区域在热成形时明显地变薄。在此，可通过在挤出时的厚度变化，通过例如不同强度的深拉补偿不同的厚度改变。
附图说明
在下文中示例地参考附图描述本发明，各图为：
图1示出了根据本发明的喷嘴的示意性三维视图；
图2从侧面示出了根据图1的喷嘴的横截面的局部剖面示意图；
图3、图4示出了带有侧向滑块的喷嘴下部的示意图；
图5俯视示意图示出了带有调节销的弹性元件，图中没有喷嘴上部；
图6、图7示出了喷嘴上部的示意性图示，其中图6示出了没有插入弹性元件的情况，而图7示出了插入弹性元件的情况；
图8按照X、Y坐标系示出了被挤出的板。
具体实施方式
在图1中图示了根据本发明的、用于将可硬化材料挤出成型为板或薄膜的喷嘴，所述喷嘴带有喷嘴下部1和喷嘴上部2。柔性元件4沿喷嘴上部2的下边沿延伸，所述柔性元件4形成柔性唇部，从而在柔性元件4和喷嘴下部1之间形成喷嘴出口7。在喷嘴出口7前方安装了挡块6，通过所述挡块6可切断被挤出的板。多个调节销3从上方被引导通过喷嘴上部2，且与柔性元件4连接。调节销3可由未示出的喷嘴控制单元促动。在调节销3从上向下运动时，柔性元件在与各调节销3相邻的区段中也从上向下移动，使得柔性元件4和喷嘴下部1之间的距离至少在此区段中改变。用于调节销、滑块和挡块的促动器在附图中为清楚起见而并未示出。
图2示出了图1所示喷嘴的横截面。熔融物9，特别是熔融的塑料在后方通过喷嘴入口通道10进入到喷嘴内，且被挤出通过至少形成在喷嘴上部2和喷嘴下部1之间的通道。喷嘴下部1关于流动技术最优化地成形。在喷嘴的朝向喷嘴出口7的前侧上，在喷嘴上部2上固定了柔性元件4。柔性元件4具有在喷嘴上部2和喷嘴下部1之间的自由运动空间11。调节销3被引导通过喷嘴上部2内的圆孔且固定在柔性元件4上，使得向上和向下的力可传输到柔性元件4上。柔性元件4也在变形时保持弹性。熔融物9最后在喷嘴出口7上以由喷嘴下部1和柔性元件4之间的距离确定的希望的厚度8从喷嘴离开。在喷嘴出口7处，挡块6也可垂直地运动。
图3和图4分别示出了各带有两个侧向滑块5的喷嘴下部1。滑块5在图3中调节为尽可能宽，在图4中调节为尽可能窄。滑块5精确地装配到喷嘴下部1内，使得熔融物不可在喷嘴下部1和滑块5之间离开。
图5是从上方示出的柔性元件4在推在一起的滑块5上的图示。喷嘴上部在此未示出。在运行中，布置在滑块5上的侧向调节销3将柔性元件4恒定地压向滑块5，以在滑块5上产生密封性。其余的中心调节销3可控制被挤出的板的厚度。
图6从下方示出了喷嘴上部，带有用于插入弹性元件的凹窝。图7示出了与图6相同的视图，但图7示出为带有已被插入的柔性元件4和调节销3。
在图8中，以X、Y坐标系示出了被挤出的板，以详细解释用于制造部件的二维方法。所图示的部件具有沿挤出方向X的长度L和在横向方向Y上的宽度B。部件在位置x,y处的局部厚度通过二维的连续函数d(x,y)＝d0+z(x,y)给出，其中d0是标称厚度，且z(x,y)是作为二维函数的厚度变化。在挤出速度为v时，对于在挤出长度L上的位置，取决于时间t，在弹性元件上产生的厚度变化函数为z0(t,y)＝z(L-v*t,y)。此厚度变化函数优选可在喷嘴控制单元上配置。在由两个可连续地在其周长上被相互焊接的挤出的板制造容器时，两个板可满足不同的厚度函数，即d1(x,y)＝d10+z1(x,y)且d2(x,y)＝d20+z2(x,y)。
附图标号列表
1 喷嘴下部
2 喷嘴上部
3 调节销
4 柔性元件
5 滑块
6 挡块
7 喷嘴出口
8 厚度
9 熔融物
10 喷嘴入口通道
11 自由运动空间
L 长度
B 宽度
X X轴
Y Y轴

Claims (11)

1.一种用于将可硬化材料挤出成型为板或薄膜的喷嘴，所述喷嘴包括喷嘴下部(1)和喷嘴上部(2)，以及多个调节销(3)和喷嘴控制单元，其特征在于，柔性元件(4)沿喷嘴上部(2)的下边沿延伸，其中柔性元件(4)与喷嘴下部(1)的距离在多个区段中能够由喷嘴控制单元在挤出期间通过多个调节销(3)调节，其特征在于，在喷嘴下部(1)与喷嘴上部(2)之间在柔性元件(4)下方，侧向在喷嘴上布置了各一个滑块(5)，以用于喷嘴的宽度调节，其中，侧向调节销(3)将柔性元件(4)持久地压在滑块(5)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的喷嘴，其特征在于，柔性元件(4)和喷嘴下部(1)之间的距离由喷嘴控制单元在挤出期间可调节至少0.5mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的喷嘴，其特征在于，柔性元件(4)和喷嘴下部(1)之间的距离由喷嘴控制单元在挤出期间可调节至少1mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的喷嘴，其特征在于，柔性元件(4)和喷嘴下部(1)之间的距离由喷嘴控制单元在挤出期间可调节至少2mm。
5.一种用于将可硬化材料通过根据权利要求1所述的喷嘴制造部件的方法，其特征在于，在挤出期间由喷嘴控制单元改变在纵向方向上和/或在横向方向上的部件的厚度。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，由喷嘴控制单元二维地，即取决于横向方向上的位置以及时间来改变柔性元件(4)与喷嘴下部(1)的距离。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，为制造该部件由喷嘴控制单元根据第一二维函数改变柔性元件(4)与喷嘴下部(1)的距离，为制造另一个部件由喷嘴控制单元根据一个与第一二维函数不同的第二二维函数改变柔性元件(4)与喷嘴下部(1)的距离。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，该部件和该另一个部件在它们的周长上焊接，以一起形成容器。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，第一二维函数和第二二维函数相互关联，使得两个部件的周长相互匹配。
10.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，在制造该部件和该另一个部件之前，将第一二维函数和第二二维函数之间的关联在喷嘴控制单元上配置。
11.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，在该部件挤出之后将此部件热成形，其中在挤出之后该部件的较厚区域在热成形时明显地变薄。
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