CN104542510B - River mouth and coastal zone sea area eel fry catching combination device and application method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined device for fishing eel fry in estuaries and coastal areas and a method for using the device, which includes a net frame and net clothes. The net frame is a protruding closed polygon. The grid is a conical container with the bottom. The conical container is located at the bottom opening of the grid. The top is connected to the large buoy by connecting ropes, and the top corners of the lower part of the net frame are connected to the moso bamboo piles by vertical ropes. The moso bamboo piles are buried in the seabed sediment, and the net is connected to the small buoy by connecting ropes near the top of the cone. The invention is simple, novel, low in cost and easy to master; it can collect eel seedlings once a day, pack them into bags after oxygenation, and bring them back to the purchasing station, which can effectively reduce labor costs and can also be used to monitor the eel seedling resources in estuaries and coastal zones every year The supplementary situation and resource distribution of the species provide a monitoring method for the rational development and utilization of eel seed resources.

Description

A combined device for fishing eel fry in estuaries and coastal sea areas and its application method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of eel fry fishing devices, in particular to a combination device for eel fry fishing in estuaries and coastal sea areas and a method for using the same.

Background technique

In the vast estuaries and coastal waters in East Asia, such as the coast of China, the Yangtze River estuary, Japan, South Korea, etc., a large number of eel seedlings (mainly Japanese eel larvae) arrive in the sea area for upstream migration in winter and spring every year , Arrive in freshwater areas to carry out activities such as raising young and searching for bait, and then migrate to the sea to lay eggs when they grow into adult eels. Because the price of eel fry has always been at the forefront among fish fry, the purchase price of each eel is 1 to 35 yuan. Although the fluctuation is relatively large, it has brought huge economic benefits to fishermen, so it has attracted a large number of fish from East Asia. Fishermen are fishing. Because eel seedlings are snake-like in shape, they move in water like snakes, and they are very small, generally only 5-8mm in length, 1mm in diameter, smooth in appearance, and difficult to pick up by hand. The traditional nets for catching young eels include hand-made nets, hand-trawled nets or boat-picked nets, etc., but these nets all have certain shortcomings, such as hand-made nets and hand-trawled nets can only catch eel young in shallow waters in the intertidal zone. However, a boat with a larger tonnage must have a fishing boat to pick up the net, and the cost is higher, and each boat can only hang 2 nets. Therefore, if it is necessary to carry out large-scale eel fry fishing in the shallow sea area of the coastal zone, it is necessary to design a practical and convenient fixed net gear, and can adapt to the influence of larger tidal fluctuations.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a combination device for fishing eel fry in estuaries and coastal areas and its use method, which is suitable for the combined device and method for fishing eel fry in estuaries and coastal areas, and has the advantages of simplicity and operability. It is especially suitable for eel fishing activities in coastal waters with sediment or muddy bottom type.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: provide a combined device for fishing eel fry in estuaries and coastal areas, including a net frame and a net clothing, the net frame is a convex closed polygon, and the net frame A net is installed on the top, and the net surrounds a conical container with the net frame as the bottom. There is a device for accepting eel seedlings, the grid frame is vertically set, and the top corners of its upper part are connected to large buoys through connecting ropes, and the top corners of the lower part of the grid frame are connected with moso bamboo piles through vertical ropes, and the moso bamboo piles are buried Into the seabed sediment, the net close to the cone top position is connected to the small buoy by connecting ropes.

One end of the vertical rope is connected to the net frame, and the other end is provided with a noose, and the noose is connected to the opening at the upper end of the moso bamboo pile.

The grid frame is rectangular, with a length of 6m and a width of 1.5-2m.

The net frame is made of four moso bamboos, and every two moso bamboos are bound with net ropes.

The mesh frame and the net clothing are stitched together by mesh thread.

The top of the cone-shaped net clothing cone is in the shape of a sac, and the sac wraps the eel seedling container and is tied tightly at the end.

The mesh size of the net clothing is 1mm.

One end of the connecting rope is provided with a rope sheath, and the rope sheath is put in the center hole of the large buoy or the small buoy.

The diameter of the through hole is 5cm.

A turning ring is installed between the vertical rope and the rope at the lower end of the net frame.

The steering ring is circular with a diameter of 6 mm.

The steering ring is made of stainless steel.

The large buoy is cylindrical and has a diameter of 50 cm.

Described big buoy is made with foam plastic material.

The small buoy is cylindrical and has a diameter of 20cm.

The small buoy is made of foamed plastic material.

The length of the vertical rope is 5-10m and the diameter is 1cm

Described vertical rope is made of polyethylene material.

The device for accepting eel seedlings includes a cylindrical plastic barrel and a protective barrel, the cylindrical plastic barrel is conical with the head removed, the smaller end of the cylindrical plastic barrel is covered with a protective barrel, and the cylindrical plastic barrel is covered with a protective barrel. A circular fence, a W-shaped non-return plate, and a seedling collecting cover are sequentially installed in the cylindrical plastic barrel from the middle position to the small end. The protective barrel is equipped with a seedling collecting device, and the opening of the seedling collecting device is connected with the seedling collecting cover .

The diameter of the larger end of the cylindrical plastic barrel is 15 cm, the diameter of the smaller end is 10 cm, the wall thickness is 2 mm, and the length is 14 cm.

The diameter of the circular fence is 13cm, and the fence holes in the circular fence are square and the side length is 1cm.

The circular fence is detachably connected to the cylindrical plastic barrel through the slot.

Described circular fence is made of plastics.

The cylindrical plastic bucket and the protection bucket are fastened by threads.

The W-shaped non-return plate is circular with a W-shaped side, and two rows of small circular holes are opened on the W-shaped non-return plate.

There are 20 small round holes in each row on the W-shaped non-return plate; the diameter of the small round holes is 2.5-3mm.

The seedling-collecting cover is circular, with a circle of small round holes on the edge and a row of small round holes in the middle.

There are 32 small round holes in a circle on the edge of the seedling collecting cover, and 6 small round holes in a row in the middle, and the diameter of the small round holes is 2.5-3 mm.

A method for using a combination device for fishing eel fry in estuaries and coastal sea areas, the steps are as follows:

(a) Select the coastal zone with a water depth of 2-10m as the fishing location, and the bottom quality is preferably silt or silt;

(b) Take a small fishing boat or boat, use 2 moso bamboo piles (9) to drive piles, cut the lower ends of the moso bamboo piles (9) into a wedge shape, and drill more than 3 moso bamboo piles (9) on both sides of the middle and lower parts Small hole (11), the diameter of small hole (11) is 1cm; Moso bamboo pile (9) is tied on the iron rod of 10m length, water gun is flushed along the lower end of moso bamboo pile (9), in seabed silt (13 ) to form a deep hole, press down the moso bamboo stakes (9) firmly, and bury them in the deep hole; the distance between the two moso bamboo stakes (9) is 6-8m, and the upper ends of the moso bamboo stakes (9) are pre-tied with a rope cover (6) and Link to each other with vertical rope (8), fall out of the water surface, be convenient to be connected with grid frame (1) later;

(c) Install the net frame on the shore and connect it with the net; after transporting to the sea, connect the vertical ropes with the ropes on both sides of the lower end of the net frame through the steering ring. The ebb tide is turned, so that the net mouth is always facing the tide direction, and the efficiency of fishing eel fry is improved;

(d) The ropes on both sides of the upper end of the net frame are connected to 2 large buoys through 2 connecting ropes and rope sleeves, and at the same time, the middle and rear part of the net is also connected to a small buoy through connecting ropes and rope sleeves to play a role in stretching The role of the netting;

(e) Install a zipper with a length of 30cm at the bag net place of the net clothing, which is convenient for taking out and placing the eel seedling accepting device; simultaneously, the end of the bag net is fastened with a mesh cable;

(f) Repeat steps (b) to (e), arrange the eel fry fishing combination devices side by side along the coastline, the eel fry fishing combination devices are arranged along the direction perpendicular to the embankment, and every 1km distance can be proceed with the installation of the fishing gear;

(g) When the tide begins to ebb every day, the fishing boat drives from the wharf to the fishing operation area, and collects eel fry during the flat tide period; take out the eel seedling storage device from the bag net of the net clothing, and then take it out of the seedling collection device Put the young eel seedlings into barrels; after collecting all the seedlings, put them into an oxygen bag, which is filled with half a bag of sea water in advance, and bring them back to the shore;

(h) Through the above-mentioned steps, count the number of eel fry per 100 nets per day, and monitor the monthly and annual output and resource distribution of eel fry in the estuary or coastal zone.

The steps (b), (c) are prepared one month before the start of the fishing period, and (d), (e) are installed at sea in the weather with less wind and waves for the first 2 days when the fishing starts.

Beneficial effect

The advantage of the present invention is that it solves the problem of designing a eel fishing device and fishing method suitable for the terrain characteristics of estuaries and coastal zones. Fishing and monitoring activities of eel fry in coastal waters with sediment type. The invention can greatly increase the economic income of fishermen, increase the amount of catch, and can also be used as a monitoring method for eel fry to understand the temporal and spatial changes and long-term changes of the resource. The newly designed fishing device adopts the steering ring, so that the net mouth of the fishing gear can always face the direction of the ebb and flow of the tide, which can improve the efficiency of fishing eel fry and save labor costs. The eel seedling storage device adopted can Greatly improve the survival rate of eel fry and reduce damage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the eel seedling storage device.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

A combination device for fishing eel fry in estuaries and coastal sea areas, comprising a net frame 1 and a net clothing 2, the net frame 1 is a protruding closed polygon, the net frame 1 is equipped with a net clothing 2, and the net clothing 2 to form a conical container with the net frame 1 as the bottom, the conical container is located at the bottom opening of the net frame 1, the direction of the opening is towards the tidal direction 14, and the conical top of the conical container is provided with an eel Seedling device 3, described net frame 1 is vertically arranged, and connects large buoy 4 by connecting rope 7 on the top corner of its top, and the top corner of described net frame 1 bottom is connected with moso bamboo stake 9 by vertical rope 8, and described moso bamboo The pile 9 is buried in the seabed mud and sand 13, and the net clothing 2 is connected to the small buoy 15 by the connecting rope 7 near the cone top position.

One end of the vertical rope 8 is connected with the net frame 1, and the other end has a rope cover 6, and the said rope cover 6 is connected with the opening 10 at the upper end of the moso bamboo pile 9.

The grid frame 1 is rectangular, with a length of 6m and a width of 1.5-2m.

Described grid frame 1 is made of four moso bamboos, and every two moso bamboos are bound with net ropes.

The mesh frame 1 and the net clothing 2 are stitched together by mesh thread.

The cone top of the tapered net clothing 2 is in the form of a sac net, and the sac net wraps the eel seedling accepting device 3 and is tied tightly at the end.

The mesh size of the netting 2 is 1 mm.

One end of the connecting rope 7 has a rope sheath 6, and the rope sheath 6 is set in the center hole 5 of the large buoy 4 or the small buoy 15.

The diameter of the through hole 5 is 5cm.

A steering ring 12 is installed between the vertical rope 8 and the rope at the lower end of the net frame 1 .

The steering ring 12 is circular with a diameter of 6mm.

The steering ring 12 is made of stainless steel.

Described big buoy 4 is cylindrical, and diameter is 50cm.

Described big buoy 4 is made of foamed plastic material.

Described small buoy 15 is cylindrical, and diameter is 20cm.

Described small buoy 15 is made of foamed plastic material.

The vertical rope 8 is 5-10m long and 1cm in diameter.

Described vertical rope 8 is made of polyethylene material.

Described eel seedling accepting device 3 comprises cylindrical plastic bucket 61 and protection bucket 62, and described cylindrical plastic bucket 61 is the conical shape that head is removed, and the lesser end of described cylindrical plastic bucket 61 is covered with protection. Bucket 62, circular fence 63, W-shaped non-return plate 64, seedling collecting cover 65 are housed successively from middle position to small end in described cylindrical plastic barrel 61, and described protection barrel 62 is equipped with seedling collecting device 66, The opening of the seedling collector 66 is connected with the seedling collecting cover 65 .

The diameter of the larger end of the cylindrical plastic barrel 61 is 15 cm, the diameter of the smaller end is 10 cm, the wall thickness is 2 mm, and the length is 14 cm.

The diameter of the circular fence 63 is 13 cm, and the inner fence hole of the circular fence 63 is a square with a side length of 1 cm.

The circular fence 63 is detachably connected to the cylindrical plastic bucket 61 through a slot.

Described circular fence 63 is made of plastics.

The cylindrical plastic barrel 61 and the protective barrel 62 are fastened by threads.

The W-shaped non-return plate 64 is circular with a W-shaped side, and two rows of small circular holes are opened on the W-shaped non-return plate.

Each column of the W-shaped non-return plate 64 has 20 small round holes; the diameter of the small round holes is 2.5-3mm.

The described seedling collection cover 65 is circular, and a circle of small round holes is arranged on the edge, and 1 row of small round holes is also arranged in the middle.

There are 32 small round holes in a circle on the edge of the cover 65 for collecting seedlings, and there are 6 small round holes in a row in the middle, and the diameter of the small round holes is 2.5～3mm.

A method for using a combination device for fishing eel fry in estuaries and coastal sea areas, the steps are as follows:

(a) Select the coastal zone with a water depth of 2-10m as the fishing location, and the bottom quality is preferably silt or silt;

(b) Take a small fishing boat or boat, use 2 moso bamboo piles (9) to drive piles, cut the lower ends of the moso bamboo piles (9) into a wedge shape, and drill more than 3 moso bamboo piles (9) on both sides of the middle and lower parts Small hole (11), the diameter of small hole (11) is 1cm; Moso bamboo pile (9) is tied on the iron rod of 10m length, water gun is flushed along the lower end of moso bamboo pile (9), in seabed silt (13 ) to form a deep hole, press down the moso bamboo stakes (9) firmly, and bury them in the deep hole; the distance between the two moso bamboo stakes (9) is 6-8m, and the upper ends of the moso bamboo stakes (9) are pre-tied with a rope cover (6) and Link to each other with vertical rope (8), fall out of the water surface, be convenient to be connected with grid frame (1) later;

(c) Install the net frame 1 on the shore and connect it with the net clothes 2; after transporting to the sea, connect the vertical rope 8 with the ropes on both sides of the lower end of the net frame 1 through the steering ring 12, and the effect of the steering ring 12 is to facilitate the net frame. 1. It can turn with the ebb and flow of the tide, so that the net mouth is always facing the direction of the tide. 14, which improves the efficiency of fishing eel fry;

(d) The ropes on both sides of the upper end of the net frame 1 are connected to 2 large buoys 4 through 2 connecting ropes 7 and rope sleeves 6, and at the same time, the middle and rear parts of the net clothing 2 are also connected to a small buoy through connecting ropes 7 and rope sleeves 6. The buoys 15 are connected to each other to play the effect of stretching the netting 2;

(e) install a zipper that is 30cm long at the bag net place of net clothing 2, be convenient to take out and place eel seedling accepting seedling device 3; The end of bag net is fastened with netting wire simultaneously;

(f) Repeat steps (b) to (e), arrange the eel fry fishing combination devices side by side along the coastline, the eel fry fishing combination devices are arranged along the direction perpendicular to the embankment, and every 1km distance can be proceed with the installation of the fishing gear;

(g) When the tide begins to ebb every day, the fishing boat drives to the fishing operation area from the wharf, and carries out the collection work of eel seedlings in the flat tide period; take out the seedling holding device 3 for eel seedlings from the bag net of the net clothing, and then take out the seedling collecting device The 66-mile eel seedlings were put into barrels; after collecting all the seedlings, they were put into oxygen bags, which were filled with half a bag of seawater in advance, and brought back to the shore;

(h) Through the above-mentioned steps, count the number of eel fry per 100 nets per day, and monitor the monthly and annual output and resource distribution of eel fry in the estuary or coastal zone.

The steps (b), (c) are prepared one month before the start of the fishing period, and (d), (e) are installed at sea in the weather with less wind and waves for the first 2 days when the fishing starts.

The following is further explained with examples:

Taking eel fishing experiments in the Yangtze River Estuary and Hangzhou Bay waters as an example, the sediment type is mainly silt, and the water depth is 3-10m. The experiment time is from 2010 to 2013, and it is carried out from January to April every year.

In the middle and late December of each winter, the production process of rectangular grids and nets is prepared on the shore, and the bamboo piles are fixed and installed in the selected experimental sea area from December 20th to January 10th. Each moso bamboo pile has a rope leading to the water surface. Install the moso bamboo pile in the direction perpendicular to the levee line to form rows of moso bamboo piles. The two sides of the upper end of the hook are respectively connected with the big buoy by ropes, so that the combined device for eel fry fishing is fixed.

During official fishing, install an eel seedling receiving device at the bag net of each net; at the same time, tie the end of the bag net tightly with a net; Take out the eel seedling storage device from the net, and then take out the eel seedlings in the seedling collector and put them into the bucket; after collecting all the seedlings, put them into the oxygen bag, which is filled with half a bag of seawater in advance, and bring back to shore. Due to the adoption of such eel fry fishing device and fishing method, the fishing efficiency of eel fry has increased by about 1 times, and the survival rate of eel fry has increased from 40% to 98%. The seedlings are held in the container and die by friction with net clothes or garbage or lack of oxygen; the damage rate of eel seedlings also drops from the original 60% to less than 10%. In addition, in the past, eel seedlings had to be harvested frequently (the seedlings should be harvested once every 3 hours during the peak fishing season), otherwise the seedlings would die due to the backlog, but after installing the eel seedling storage device, the seedling harvesting time was prolonged 1 day or even 3 days, reducing labor intensity. Therefore, this invention has not only increased the fishing output and efficiency of eel fry, but also improved the selling price of eel fry, and has the characteristics of simple operation, strong popularization, easy to understand, labor saving and increased eel fry production, and has solved the problem of eel fry. It can also be used to monitor the replenishment and distribution of eel seed resources in estuaries and coastal zones every year, and provide a monitoring method for the rational development and utilization of eel seed resources.

Claims (11)

1. a combination device for catching eel fry in estuaries and coastal areas, comprising a net frame (1) and a net clothing (2), is characterized in that, said net frame (1) is a protruding closed polygon, and said net Net clothes (2) are housed on the frame (1), and described net clothes (2) surround a conical container with the net frame (1) as the bottom, and the bottom opening of the said conical container is positioned at the net frame (1), The direction of the opening is towards the tidal direction (14), and the conical container is provided with an eel seedling receiving device (3) at the top of the cone, and the grid frame (1) is vertically arranged, and the top corner of its upper part is connected Rope (7) connects big buoy (4), and the apex angle of described network frame (1) bottom is connected with moso bamboo pile (9) by vertical rope (8), and described moso bamboo pile (9) is buried in seabed silt (13 ), the net clothing (2) is connected to the small buoy (15) by a connecting rope (7) near the cone top position, and the eel seedling accepting device (3) includes a cylindrical plastic bucket (61) and a protection bucket (62 ), the cylindrical plastic barrel (61) is conical without head, and the smaller end of the cylindrical plastic barrel (61) is covered with a protective barrel (62), and the cylindrical plastic barrel (61) ) is equipped with a circular fence (63), a W-shaped non-return plate (64), a seedling collecting cover (65) successively from the middle position to the small end, and the protective barrel (62) is equipped with a seedling collecting device (66), The opening of the seedling collector (66) is connected with the seedling collecting cover (65). 2. A combination device for fishing eel fry in estuaries and coastal areas according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the vertical rope (8) is connected to the net frame (1), and the other end is provided with a rope cover (6 ), said rope cover (6) is connected with the opening (10) of the bamboo stake (9) upper end. 3. A combination device for catching eel fry in estuaries and coastal areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, the top of the cone of the net (2) is in the shape of a sac, and the sac mesh wraps the eel seedlings. device (3) and tie it tightly at the end. 4. A combination device for fishing eel fry in estuaries and coastal areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, one end of the connecting rope (7) has a rope cover (6), and the rope cover (6) covers In the through hole (5) of big buoy (4) or little buoy (15). 5. A combination device for catching eel fry in estuaries and coastal areas according to claim 1, characterized in that a steering ring (12) is installed between the vertical rope (8) and the rope at the lower end of the grid (1) ). 6. A combination device for eel fry fishing in estuaries and coastal sea areas according to claim 1, characterized in that the circular fence (63) is detachably connected to the cylindrical plastic bucket (61) through a slot . 7. A combined device for fishing eel fry in estuaries and sea areas in coastal zones according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical plastic bucket (61) and the protection bucket (62) are fastened by threads. 8. A combination device for catching eel fry in estuaries and coastal areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, the W-shaped non-return plate (64) is circular, the side is W-shaped, and the W-shaped stop There are 2 rows of small round holes on the back plate. 9. A combined device for fishing eel fry in estuaries and coastal areas according to claim 1, characterized in that the seedling collecting cover (65) is circular, with a circle of small round holes on the edge, and a row of small holes in the middle. round hole. 10. according to the use method of a kind of estuary and sea area eel fishing combination device described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the steps are as follows: (a) Select the coastal zone with a water depth of 2-10m as the fishing location, and the bottom quality is preferably silt or silt; (b) take a small fishing boat or boat, use 2 moso bamboo piles (9) to drive piles, cut the lower ends of the moso bamboo piles (9) into a wedge shape, and drill more than 3 moso bamboo piles (9) on both sides of the middle and lower part Small hole (11), the diameter of small hole (11) is 1cm; Moso bamboo pile (9) is tied on the iron rod of 10m length, water gun is flushed along the lower end of moso bamboo pile (9), in seabed silt (13 ) to form a deep hole, press down the moso bamboo stakes (9) firmly, and bury them in the deep hole; the distance between the two moso bamboo stakes (9) is 6-8m, and the upper ends of the moso bamboo stakes (9) are pre-tied with a rope cover (6) and It is connected with the vertical rope (8) and falls out of the water, so as to be convenient to be connected with the net frame (1) in the future; (c) Install the net frame (1) on the shore and connect it with the net clothes (2); after transporting to the sea, connect the vertical rope (8) with the ropes on both sides of the lower end of the net frame (1) through the steering ring (12) , the function of the steering ring (12) is to facilitate the net frame (1) to turn with the ebb and flow of the tide, so that the net mouth is always facing the tide direction (14), and the efficiency of catching eel fry is improved; (d) The ropes on both sides of the upper end of the net frame (1) are connected to the two large buoys (4) through 2 connecting ropes (7) and rope sleeves (6), and at the same time, the middle and rear parts of the netting (2) are also connected by connecting Rope (7) and rope cover (6) link to each other with 1 small buoy (15), play the effect of stretching net clothing (2); (e) install a zipper that is 30cm long at the bag net place of net clothes (2), be convenient to take out and place eel seedling accepting seedling device (3); Tighten the end of bag net simultaneously with netting wire; (f) Repeat steps (b) to (e), arrange the eel fry fishing combination devices side by side along the coastline, the eel fry fishing combination devices are arranged along the direction perpendicular to the embankment, and every 1km distance can be proceed with the installation of the fishing gear; (g) When the tide begins to ebb every day, the fishing boat drives to the fishing operation area from the wharf, and collects eel seedlings during the flat tide period; take out the eel seedling accepting device (3) from the bag net of the net clothing, and then take out the collecting device (3). The eel fry seed in the seedling device (66) li is packed in the barrel; After collecting all the seedlings, pack into the oxygen bag, and the sea water of the half bag has been housed in the oxygen bag in advance, and is brought back to the bank; (h) Through the above-mentioned steps, count the number of eel fry per 100 nets per day, and monitor the monthly and annual output and resource distribution of eel fry in the estuary or coastal zone. 11. a kind of estuary according to claim 10 and the using method of fishing combined device for sea eel fry in coastal zone, is characterized in that, described step (b), (c) is prepared one month before the start of fishing period, ( d), (e) select the weather with less wind and waves to install at sea for the first 2 days when fishing starts.