CN104535928B - Direct wind-driven generator simulator stand and state monitoring apparatus - Google Patents
Direct wind-driven generator simulator stand and state monitoring apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104535928B CN104535928B CN201510050436.6A CN201510050436A CN104535928B CN 104535928 B CN104535928 B CN 104535928B CN 201510050436 A CN201510050436 A CN 201510050436A CN 104535928 B CN104535928 B CN 104535928B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to renewable energy equipment state monitoring and fault diagnosis fields, and in particular to a kind of direct-drive aerogenerator simulator stand and state monitoring apparatus.The present invention is directed to study the operation characteristic of direct-drive aerogenerator and failure mechanism, the characterization of relation of vibration signal and electric signal and wind-driven generator operation troubles is analyzed.Asynchronous motor after gearbox speed reduction through being used as the power of direct wind-driven generator to input, power passes to direct-drive aerogenerator through connection flange, its magneto outer rotor is driven to rotate, the coil that generator central axis is installed is fixed as stator, and transmits electrical power to power grid.Direct drive generator uses cantilever design, all installs piezoelectric acceleration sensor monitoring bearing state in its forward and backward bearing, the torque and revolving speed of torquemeter Simultaneous Monitoring transmission chain are installed in power input, and three-phase voltage and current transformer are installed in generator connecting in parallel with system side.By the analysis to above-mentioned signal, the operation characteristic and failure mechanism of direct-drive aerogenerator can be studied, provides theoretical foundation for operation, the maintenance of actual set.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to resource equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnosis fields, and in particular to a kind of direct-drive aerogenerator
Simulator stand and state monitoring apparatus.
Background technique
Horizontal axis wind-driven generator mainly includes two kinds of types: double-fed asynchronous generator and non-gear box with gear-box
Direct-drive aerogenerator.Currently, direct-drive aerogenerator accounts for about the 1/4 of installed capacity of wind-driven power, with wind-powered electricity generation single-machine capacity
Be gradually increased, direct-drive type unit because the features such as its transmission chain is simple, compact-sized will become large-scale wind electricity unit mainstream machine
Type, due to not having epicyclic gearbox as increasing transmission, direct-drive type unit is considered as a kind of lower type of failure rate.However
In actual motion, the completely forward end bearing of the blade gravity of direct-drive aerogenerator is supported, and the impact of RANDOM WIND load is also straight
It connecing and is undertaken by generator, whole unit is cantilever design, once spring bearing breaks down, it will directly result in power generator air gap
Bias, influences generating efficiency, and generator unit stator and rotor grazing are caused when serious, destroys whole unit, economic loss is than double
The loss of feedback formula set gear box induced fault is bigger.
It is aerial far from the tens of rice in ground even up to a hundred meters of height that wind-driven generator is often mounted on field, experience extreme difference in temperature, with
Airborne lotus, running environment are severe.Live duty personnel is mainly carried out the maintenance of unit by the mode of regular climbing tower inspection, to machine
Operating status, the possible breakdown mechanism of group are known little about it, although some Wind turbines is mounted with on-line condition monitoring at present
With fault diagnosis system, live vibration data can be passed through to transmission of network to remote diagnostic center, remotely divided by expert
Analysis and processing, but such mode lacks the control to unit excitation load, is difficult to determine fault degree by vibration signal, lack
To effective tracking of physical fault and feedback, the unfavorable phenomenon for be easy to causeing wind power plant operating status mutually to disconnect with analysis result.
In view of above-mentioned consideration, the development of direct wind-driven generator simulator stand and state monitoring apparatus is most important.It is former
Because being: test bed testing can provide the running environment as far as possible close to practical direct-drive aerogenerator, various by simulating
Operation troubles, Internal and external cycle, rolling element, retainer failure including spring bearing, the imbalance of wind wheel, generator it is alternate short
Road, bias etc. analyze the parameters such as vibration signal and voltage, electric current, establish between fault degree and monitoring signals and accurately characterize
Relationship provides theoretical foundation for the status monitoring, Precise Diagnosis and operation and maintenance of practical direct-drive aerogenerator.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is based on above situation, a kind of simulator stand for direct-drive aerogenerator and its state prison are provided
Survey device.
The present invention includes the following contents:
(1) in Fig. 1, threephase asynchronous 1, planetary reduction gear 3, torquemeter (tachometer) 4 are coupled by shaft coupling 2,
Torquemeter 4 and permanent-magnetic outer rotor generator are coupled by connection flange 5, collectively constitute direct-drive aerogenerator simulation test
Platform；
(2) direct-drive aerogenerator uses permanent-magnetic outer rotor structure, cantilever support, to improve the magnetic energy of unit volume
Amount；
(3) rotor sleeve 7, rotor 8 and permanent magnet 9 form rotor, stator axis 18, stator core 10 and 11 groups of stator coil
At stator, direct drive permanent magnetic outer rotor generator is made of rotor, stator and spring bearing 15 (16)；
(4) threephase asynchronous uses frequency converter timing, and the power after planetary reduction gear slows down can simulate reality
The external drive of variable speed, varying load.Planetary reduction gear is compact-sized, it is possible to provide biggish reduction ratio, to adapt to directly-driven wind
The low speed of generator inputs；
(5) input terminal of permanent-magnetic outer rotor generator can increase and decrease counterweight 6, with the heavy duty of the practical wind electricity blade of simulation and not
Equilibrium state；
(6) synchronous pick up comes from vibrating sensor 17, torquemeter 4 (revolving speed, torque), voltage transformer 13 and Current Mutual Inductance
The status signal of device 14, the analysis and processing of various types of signal can be bearing fault, the electric fault of direct-drive aerogenerator
Fast diagnosis method is provided.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) present invention provides the design feature for being directed to direct-drive aerogenerator, provides reduced scale testing stand, Neng Gouquan
Face mould intends the operating condition of practical wind-driven generator: 1. by method of the asynchronous motor in conjunction with planetary reduction gear, providing low
Speed, the external input of heavy duty；2. simulating the heavy duty and non-equilibrium state of wind electricity blade in such a way that input terminal installs counterweight；
3. pilot channel generator and practical direct-drive aerogenerator structure are essentially identical, test result is close practical.
(2) support in comprehensive condition monitoring and fault diagnosis method is provided for direct wind-driven generator.By trying
It tests on platform and simulates various mechanically or electrically failures, easily establish the characterization of relation of unit failure degree and vibration signal, electric signal,
The verifying that can carry out a variety of advanced fault signatures extractions and diagnostic method simultaneously, provides foundation for the Precise Diagnosis of actual set.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is direct wind-driven generator simulator stand and state monitoring apparatus schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the signal and Characteristic Contrast under bearing normal condition and malfunction.Left a: normal condition vibration signal, it is left
B: malfunction vibration signal, right a: the cepstrum of normal condition, right b: the cepstrum of malfunction；
The left side Fig. 3 is extracted Characteristic Contrast when having fault-free under different operating conditions；The right side Fig. 3 is bearing retainer failure
Picture.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of direct wind-driven generator simulator stand and state monitoring apparatus, with reference to the accompanying drawing and
The present invention will be further described for specific embodiment.
(1) generator shaft hold it is upper artificially manufacture certain failure, in this example for retainer burn, due to testing stand be mould
Blocking structure, it is easy to disassemble, normal bearing and retainer faulty bearings are mounted on test platform respectively and tested；
(2) acquisition acceleration vibration signal is analyzed, and the left a of Fig. 2 is the acceleration signal of normal condition, and the left b of Fig. 2 is to protect
Hold acceleration signal when frame burn；
(3) original acceleration signal is handled, as the right side Fig. 2 show corresponding scramble spectrum signal, (the right a of Fig. 2 is positive
The cepstrum of regular signal, the right b of Fig. 2 are the cepstrum of signal when retainer is burnt).Amplitude when extracting 0.358s is special as failure
Sign；
(4) one important operation characteristic of wind-driven generator is variable working condition, and further simulation is under same malfunction
Nine kinds of different operating statuses, input speed and load are mainly changed by frequency control, it is normally special with failure under nine kinds of states
The left side Fig. 3 is shown in sign comparison.It can be found that failure and the fluctuation of normal characteristics difference are less, illustrate that scramble spectral technology extracts fault signature base
This is not influenced by operating condition, is worked well；
(5) the generator bearing retainer burn failure simulated is as shown in the right side Fig. 3.
It in actual implementation, can simulate including various faults such as bearing, generator unit stator, rotor, coils, and can pass through
Vibration, voltage, current signal parallel parsing.
Claims (1)
1. direct wind-driven generator simulator stand and state monitoring apparatus, it is characterised in that: threephase asynchronous (1), row
Star retarder (3), torquemeter (4) are coupled by shaft coupling (2) respectively, and torquemeter (4) and permanent-magnetic outer rotor generator pass through connection
Acting flange (5) connection, collectively constitutes direct wind-driven generator simulator stand；
The direct wind-driven generator simulator stand uses permanent-magnetic outer rotor structure, cantilever support, to improve unit volume
Magnetic energy；Rotor sleeve (7), rotor (8) and permanent magnet (9) form rotor, stator axis (18), stator core (10) and stator line
It encloses (11) and forms stator, direct wind-driven generator is by rotor, stator, the first spring bearing (15) and the second spring bearing (16) structure
At；
The threephase asynchronous uses frequency converter timing, and the power after planetary reduction gear slows down can simulate practical change and turn
The external drive of speed and/or varying load；Planetary reduction gear is compact-sized, it is possible to provide biggish reduction ratio, to adapt to directly-driven wind
The low speed of generator inputs；
The input terminal of the direct wind-driven generator increases and decreases counterweight (6), to simulate the heavily loaded and uneven shape of practical wind electricity blade
State；
State monitoring apparatus is formed by vibrating sensor (17), torquemeter (4), voltage transformer (13) and current transformer (14)
Pick up multi-signal for synchronous, by simulating various mechanically or electrically failures on testing stand, establish unit failure degree with
The characterization of relation of vibration signal, electric signal carries out the verifying of a variety of advanced fault signatures extractions and diagnostic method, is actual set
Precise Diagnosis provide foundation；And the multi-signal is analyzed and is handled.
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| CN201510050436.6A CN104535928B (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2015-02-02 | Direct wind-driven generator simulator stand and state monitoring apparatus |
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| CN201510050436.6A CN104535928B (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2015-02-02 | Direct wind-driven generator simulator stand and state monitoring apparatus |
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| CN104535928B true CN104535928B (en) | 2019-02-01 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105866614B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2018-06-01 | 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 | Steam turbine generator three-phase suddenly-applied short circuit detection device |
| CN108132192B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-05-12 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Generator rotor magnetic pole simulation testing device |
| CN109342946A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-15 | 冶金自动化研究设计院 | A kind of universal open type outer-rotor permanent magnet motor experimental rig |
| CN110596504A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2019-12-20 | 中铁十局集团电务工程有限公司 | Indoor simulation test device for hump signal speed reducer |
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