CN104535504A - Device and method for detecting protein content in leaf blades of corn plants in field - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting protein content in leaf blades of corn plants in field Download PDFInfo
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- CN104535504A CN104535504A CN201510022833.2A CN201510022833A CN104535504A CN 104535504 A CN104535504 A CN 104535504A CN 201510022833 A CN201510022833 A CN 201510022833A CN 104535504 A CN104535504 A CN 104535504A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of spectral detection and particularly relates to a device and method for detecting protein content in leaf blades of corn plants in a field. The device comprises a suspension device, an electric-driven car and a data processing module, wherein the suspension device comprises a right-angle extension arm, a universal joint and a curved knife suspension arm; the electric-driven car comprises a car frame, a power supply device, wheels and a micro-direct current motor; the data processing module is mounted on a vertical pole at the front part of the car frame; and the suspension device is connected with the electric-driven car through a connecting rod. The detection method comprises the following steps: (a) preparing equipment; (b) performing white board correction on a spectrum; (c) adjusting the collection angle of the spectrum; and (d) calculating a physicochemical value. According to the device and method provided by the invention, detection in a laboratory is not required during on-site detection, the detection efficiency is high, the corn leaf blades can be measured in a comprehensive manner, a relatively good measurement angle can be obtained according to natural growth states of different corn leaf blades, spectral data on the front sides and back sides of the leaf blades is collected, and the whole device is simple, practical, low in cost and easy to popularize.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spectral detection crop leaf field, particularly relate to field corn plant leaf protein content pick-up unit.
Background technology
Corn fruit contains the various nutrient elements such as a large amount of protein, carbohydrate, fat, electrolytes and minerals selenium, magnesium.So corn is welcome by common people in China very much, annual output is very large.In maize leaf, protein content is physical signs important in corn growth process, relates to organic synthesis and accumulation in corn growth process, the conversion etc. of enzyme, is key factor and the material base of corn growth.Protein content index in monitoring corn growth process, analyzes the reason causing protein content index to change, for corn planting decision-making provides foundation, provides scientific basis to the reasonable water and fertilizer management of corn planting.
Maize leaf protein content determination still mainly Kjeldahl's method and the quick nethod of measuring nitrogen of combustion method etc.These methods need to carry out destructiveness process to crop, time and effort consuming, need more human cost, analytic process has more mechanical manipulation, and be generally not suitable for analyzing great amount of samples, be more not suitable for In vivo detection maize leaf protein content, be difficult to the requirement meeting Digital Agriculture and the quick dynamic monitoring of agriculture Internet of Things information, take into account the accuracy of determination data, simple operation and environment friendly and pollution-free characteristic, utilize spectroscopy technology application to a certain extent.
Because maize leaf growthform is different, in-site measurement requires very high to light source projects angle and spectroscopic probe head incident angle, the method of existing maize leaf protein content spectral detection adopts harvesting young leaves mostly, the fresh-keeping accuracy preventing blade from going bad to affect protein content spectral measurement of pack trash ice is high to measurement protein content requirement of real-time.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of the present invention is to provide and be applicable to Site Detection, measure field corn plant leaf protein content pick-up unit and method accurately.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is: field corn plant leaf protein content pick-up unit, include spectroscopic probe head and visible near-infrared light source, its difference is, also include suspender, electricity drives dolly and data processing module, suspender is by right angle extending arm, universal joint and tulwar suspension arm composition, universal joint stiff end is connected with right angle extending arm horizontal extension end, universal joint movable end is connected with tulwar suspension arm top, tulwar suspension arm arc uniform arranges row's mounting hole, light source and spectroscopic probe head select one of them mounting hole to be connected on tulwar suspension arm according to crevice projection angle and incident angle respectively, bolt is fixed, electricity drives dolly and is made up of vehicle frame, supply unit, wheel and DC micromotor, and vehicle frame front-end and back-end are separately installed with 1 front-wheel and 2 trailing wheels, and DC micromotor is arranged on front-wheel inside, and supply unit is arranged on above vehicle frame near front wheel positions, data processing module is arranged in the anterior vertical rod of vehicle frame, suspender and electricity are driven dolly and are connected by connecting link.
Preferably, described tulwar suspension arm is evenly distributed with 15 circular holes, center of circular hole distance 10 cm, tulwar suspension arm can realize full degree of freedom by universal joint and rotate, can realize natural form blade tow sides spectra collection, when dolly keeps motionless, can to taking universal joint as round dot, tulwar suspension arm air line distance is that the region blade of radius carries out data acquisition and detection.
Preferably, described right angle stretches brachium 2 meters, welds one piece of set square, peripheral solder reinforcement in right angle between right angle, increases the stretching-resisting bending-resisting intensity of right angle extending arm, makes it durable in use.
Preferably, described connecting link two ends are threaded with the right angle extending arm vertical end of vertical rod in the middle part of the vehicle frame of driving dolly, suspender respectively, the adjustment of suspender height is realized by being rotationally connected bar, ensure that the maize leaf of different growing height can be detected, data acquisition and detection can be carried out to the blade of same strain corn differing heights, data acquisition and detection can also be carried out to the maize leaf of different growing stages.
Preferably, described right angle extending arm, universal joint and tulwar suspension arm material are aluminium, and connecting link and vehicle frame material are cast iron materials, can keep balance when dolly is advanced in field and carries out testing to greatest extent, ensure checkout equipment and personal security.
Preferably, described data processing module, liquid crystal display, setting height(from bottom) is 1.2 meters, it is 120 degree with horizontal sextant angle, facilitate staff to check testing result by liquid crystal display, supply unit is made up of 3 group storage batteries, and installation site is near front-wheel, power except giving DC micromotor, light source and data processing module, can also play the effect of counterweigh, DC micromotor drives front-wheel to advance forward or backward, and trailing wheel controls direct of travel.
Preferably, in the middle part of the vehicle frame that described electricity drives dolly, vertical rod both sides are separately installed with a reinforcement, inverted T-shape connecting rod is welded with between vertical rod and vehicle frame front upright in the middle part of vehicle frame, a short connecting link is welded with between vertical rod in the middle part of inverted T-shape connecting rod top and vehicle frame, increase the structural strength driving dolly, make it durable in use.
Preferably, the method that field corn plant leaf protein content detects, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
A () equipment prepares: by device traction or the position certainly walking to testing to be deployed, start power switch, open light source, preheating 15 minutes, makes light stability, to device level leveling, keeps stable;
B () spectrum blank is corrected: blank and the concordant placement of milpa blade height, carries out the rectification of spectrum blank;
(c) spectra collection angular setting: the height regulating right angle extending arm, milpa blade is made to be in below right angle extending arm, spectroscopic probe head and light source are arranged on tulwar suspension arm by mounting hole respectively, spectroscopic probe head is connected with data processing module and supply unit with optical fiber cable respectively with the data line of light source, rotate tulwar suspension arm, obtain preferably detection angles, light source projects angle and crop leaf measuring point plane is made to be 45 degree, spectroscopic probe head receives reflected light, reflection angle and crop leaf measuring point plane are 45 degree, the wavelength utilizing spectroscopic probe head acquisition testing point place is 693 nm, 853 nm, 993 nm, 1026nm, 1304 nm, 1505 nm, 1603 nm, 1860nm, 1981 nm, the reflectivity of milpa blade corresponding to 2243 nm and 2308 nm,
D () physics and chemistry value calculates: by gained reflectivity input detection device, and pick-up unit is according to multiple linear regression equations:
Y=18.124X1+15.345X2+37.276X3-28.356X4+27.985X5-9.638X6+2 7.325X7+34.587X8-67.257X9+39.365X10-28.934X11+4.87, calculate the protein content of milpa blade, in formula, Y is the protein content of milpa blade; X1 ~ X11 is respectively the reflectivity of wavelength 693 nm, 853 nm, 993 nm, 1026nm, 1304 nm, 1505 nm, 1603 nm, 1860nm, 1981 nm, 2243 nm and the milpa blade corresponding to 2308 nm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention has:
(1) pick-up unit launches testing at corn field planting scene, can obtain the spectroscopic data of live body maize leaf, need at test in laboratory, and detection efficiency is high.
(2) tulwar suspension arm and universal joint coordinate rotation, obtain preferably detection angles, maize leaf can be measured in comprehensive full degree of freedom ground, can according to the self-sow form of different maize leaf, change spectrum crevice projection angle and incident angle easily, obtain and preferably take measurement of an angle, the pros and cons of blade can be detected.
(3) relative and right angle extending arm, be rotationally connected bar, regulate the height of right angle extending arm, be conducive to gathering different growing stages maize leaf spectroscopic data, can accomplish corn Life cycle maize leaf live body spectrum data gathering, the model applicability that the spectroscopic data of collection is set up is better.
(4) whole device is simple and practical, with low cost, is easy to promote.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is milpa schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is field corn plant leaf protein content structure of the detecting device schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is field corn plant leaf protein content testing result in the embodiment of the present invention;
In figure, mark indicates: 1-tulwar suspension arm, 2-spectroscopic probe head, 3-visible near-infrared light source, 4-universal joint, 5-right angle extending arm, 6-connecting link, 7-data processing module, 8-vehicle frame, 9-supply unit, 10-front-wheel, 11-DC micromotor.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is described further, see Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3:
By field corn plant leaf protein content pick-up unit of the invention process, Main Function facilitates Site Detection, debug tulwar suspension arm 1 by universal joint 4 can make it to do the rotation of full degree of freedom relative to right angle extending arm 5, check that whether rotation is normal, the spectroscopic data being conducive to collection different shape maize leaf working properly, not only can gather maize leaf front lighting modal data, and maize leaf reverse side spectroscopic data can be gathered.
Under having sunlit situation, above right angle extending arm 5 or side open parasols, guarantee that sunlight can not be irradiated to above milpa blade, stop that external environment sunray is on the impact gathering spectroscopic data, make measurement result more accurate, when without sunlight or cloudy day, without the need to above right angle extending arm 5 or side open parasols.
Check whether supply unit 9 powers normally, as electricity is not enough, should charge or change accumulator, because supply unit 9 is made up of 3 group storage batteries, can ensure that 12 hours continuously for being arranged on the DC micromotor 11 on front-wheel 10, visible near-infrared light source 3 and data processing module 7 are powered, by the installation site of supply unit 9 as far as possible near front-wheel 10, the effect balancing whole pick-up unit can be played, front-wheel 10 and DC micromotor 11 integrative installation technology, DC micromotor 11 drives front-wheel 10 to advance forward or backward, trailing wheel manual control direct of travel, carry without the need to labor intensive cost, very simple and convenient.
Due to long 2 meters of right angle extending arm 5, can guarantee that pick-up unit gathers maize leaf spectroscopic data in a big way, according to collection maize leaf spectroscopic data needs, as needs compare field and the difference of limit, field maize leaf protein content, both can select to carry out testing in roadside, and also can select to carry out testing in field.
Tulwar suspension arm 1 is evenly distributed with 15 circular holes, two center of circular hole distances are 10cm, visible near-infrared light source 3 and spectroscopic probe head 2 is facilitated to need to carry out installation site combination according to detection, visible near-infrared light source 3 needs to select corresponding circular hole to be connected with tulwar suspender respectively according to detection angles with spectroscopic probe head 2, bolt is fixed, and can guarantee that wide-angle collects different shape maize leaf spectroscopic data.
As needed to gather the maize leaf of different growing stages or same strain corn differing heights Spectra of The Leaves data, realizing right angle extending arm 5 highly regulate by being rotationally connected bar 6, collecting the spectroscopic data of maize leaf live body differing heights.
Operating personnel can select station to organize work on carriage 8, because connecting link 6 and vehicle frame 8 material are cast iron materials, pick-up unit can keep balance to greatest extent when advancing in field and carry out testing, light above whole pick-up unit, weigh below, pick-up unit center of gravity moves down as far as possible, is conducive to pick-up unit and normally advances in uneven field, is adapted at comparatively large regions and launches testing.
The method that field corn plant leaf protein content detects, comprises the steps:
A () equipment prepares: by device traction or the position certainly walking to testing to be deployed, start power switch, open visible near-infrared light source 3, preheating 15 minutes, visible near-infrared light source is stablized, and to device level leveling, keeps stable;
B () spectrum blank is corrected: blank and the concordant placement of milpa blade height, carries out the rectification of spectrum blank;
(c) spectra collection angular setting: the height regulating right angle extending arm 5, milpa blade is made to be in below right angle extending arm 5, spectroscopic probe head 2 and visible near-infrared light source 3 are arranged on tulwar suspension arm 1 by mounting hole respectively, spectroscopic probe head 3 is connected with data processing module 7 and supply unit 9 with optical fiber cable respectively with the data line of visible near-infrared light source 3, rotate tulwar suspension arm 1, obtain preferably detection angles, light source projects angle and crop leaf measuring point plane is made to be 45 degree, spectroscopic probe head 2 receives reflected light, reflection angle and crop leaf measuring point plane are 45 degree, the wavelength utilizing spectroscopic probe head 2 acquisition testing point place is 693 nm, 853 nm, 993 nm, 1026nm, 1304 nm, 1505 nm, 1603 nm, 1860nm, 1981 nm, the reflectivity of milpa blade corresponding to 2243 nm and 2308 nm,
D () physics and chemistry value calculates: by gained reflectivity input detection device, and pick-up unit is according to multiple linear regression equations:
Y=18.124X1+15.345X2+37.276X3-28.356X4+27.985X5-9.638X6+2 7.325X7+34.587X8-67.257X9+39.365X10-28.934X11+4.87, calculate the protein content of milpa blade, in formula, Y is the protein content of milpa blade; X1 ~ X11 is respectively the reflectivity of wavelength 693 nm, 853 nm, 993 nm, 1026nm, 1304 nm, 1505 nm, 1603 nm, 1860nm, 1981 nm, 2243 nm and the milpa blade corresponding to 2308 nm.
Say from microcosmic, the active state of molecule of composition maize leaf is subject to the energy excitation detecting light, produces different energy level transitions, absorbs and release energy, and forms corresponding with molecule reflectance spectrum and absorption spectrum.Different chemical bonds, as O-H, N-H, C-H etc., the rotation of chemical bond and stretching vibration, can absorb the light of specific wavelength in transition between energy level, and excite generation characteristic peak, and the intensity of foundation characteristic peak and wave number can judge the composition of material.
The vibration information of the chemical bonds such as N-H, C-N, N-H in the protein of wavelength used and maize leaf and related chemical constituents is relevant, and these information can reflect the number of protein content in pears maize leaf.Such as 693 nm reflect aromatic hydrocarbons and the methyl information of maize leaf, and 853 nm reflect the NH of maize leaf protein
2one-level stretching vibration plain bending is vibrated, and 993 nm reflect the amido information of maize leaf protein, and 1304nm reflects the group CH of maize leaf protein
3information, 1505nm reflects maize leaf group NH
2information, 1603 nm reflect the group ArCH information of maize leaf protein, and 1981 nm reflect maize leaf protein group CONH
2information and primary amide information, 2243 nm and 2308 nm reflect maize leaf protein group CH
2information.Application arithmetic of linearity regression carries out modeling analysis to above-mentioned characteristic wavelength, sets up the protein content of maize leaf and the linear equation of characteristic wavelength.
The present invention the characteristic wavelength selected only for the quick detection of the protein content of maize leaf, if need to measure other indexs, need again to select specific wavelength, by multiple linear regression, Modling model, calculates corresponding desired value.
Utilize the index of correlation of method establishment model provided by the invention in table 1, wherein, during modeling set representations Modling model, utilize the reflectivity of maize leaf and existing method to test the maize leaf protein content matching obtained and obtain model equation, forecast set represents, during prediction, after namely having set up model, according to model equation, the characteristic wavelength reflectivity of maize leaf spectrum is substituted into the maize leaf protein content that model equation calculates.
Table 1
| Data set | Number of samples | The coefficient of determination | Root-mean-square error (mg/g) |
| Modeling collection | 90 | 0.8676 | 3.058 |
| Forecast set | 30 | 0.8589 | 3.124 |
Embodiment 1 ~ 10
Utilize apparatus and method provided by the invention to test maize leaf protein content, test result is in table 2.
Table 2
By table 2 data, can find out, it is close that the protein content of the maize leaf utilizing the inventive method to record and existing method test the data obtained, and utilizes the present invention can the protein content of Fast Measurement maize leaf, reliable results.
Claims (8)
1. field corn plant leaf protein content pick-up unit, include visible near-infrared light source and spectroscopic probe head, it is characterized in that, also include suspender, electricity drives dolly and data processing module, suspender is by right angle extending arm, universal joint and tulwar suspension arm composition, universal joint stiff end is connected with right angle extending arm horizontal extension end, universal joint movable end is connected with tulwar suspension arm top, tulwar suspension arm arc uniform arranges row's mounting hole, light source and spectroscopic probe head select one of them mounting hole to be connected on tulwar suspension arm according to crevice projection angle and incident angle respectively, bolt is fixed, electricity drives dolly and is made up of vehicle frame, supply unit, wheel and DC micromotor, and vehicle frame front-end and back-end are separately installed with 1 front-wheel and 2 trailing wheels, and DC micromotor is arranged on front-wheel inside, and supply unit is arranged on above vehicle frame near front wheel positions, data processing module is arranged in the anterior vertical rod of vehicle frame, suspender and electricity are driven dolly and are connected by connecting link.
2. field corn plant leaf protein content pick-up unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described tulwar suspension arm is evenly distributed with 15 circular holes, center of circular hole distance 10 cm, tulwar suspension arm can realize full degree of freedom by universal joint and rotate, and can realize natural form blade tow sides spectra collection.
3. field corn plant leaf protein content pick-up unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described right angle stretches brachium 2 meters, welds one piece of set square between right angle, right angle peripheral solder reinforcement, increases the stretching-resisting bending-resisting intensity of right angle extending arm.
4. field corn plant leaf protein content pick-up unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described connecting link two ends are threaded with the right angle extending arm vertical end of vertical rod in the middle part of the vehicle frame of driving dolly, suspender respectively, realizing the adjustment of suspender height by being rotationally connected bar, ensureing that the maize leaf of different growing height can be detected.
5. field corn plant leaf protein content pick-up unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described right angle extending arm, universal joint and tulwar suspension arm material are aluminium, connecting link and vehicle frame material are cast iron materials, can keep balance when dolly is advanced in field and carries out testing to greatest extent.
6. field corn plant leaf protein content pick-up unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described data processing module, liquid crystal display, setting height(from bottom) is 1.2 meters, it is 120 degree with horizontal sextant angle, supply unit is made up of 3 group storage batteries, and installation site, near front-wheel, powers to DC micromotor, light source and data processing module, DC micromotor drives front-wheel to advance forward or backward, and trailing wheel controls direct of travel.
7. field corn plant leaf protein content pick-up unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the middle part of the vehicle frame that described electricity drives dolly, vertical rod both sides are separately installed with a reinforcement, inverted T-shape connecting rod is welded with between vertical rod and vehicle frame front upright in the middle part of vehicle frame, be welded with a short connecting link between vertical rod in the middle part of inverted T-shape connecting rod top and vehicle frame, increase the structural strength driving dolly.
8. the method for field corn plant leaf protein content detection, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
A () equipment prepares: by device traction or the position certainly walking to testing to be deployed, start power switch, open light source, preheating 15 minutes, makes light stability, to device level leveling, keeps stable;
B () spectrum blank is corrected: blank and the concordant placement of milpa blade height, carries out the rectification of spectrum blank;
(c) spectra collection angular setting: the height regulating right angle extending arm, milpa blade is made to be in below right angle extending arm, spectroscopic probe head and light source are arranged on tulwar suspension arm by mounting hole respectively, spectroscopic probe head is connected with data processing module and supply unit with optical fiber cable respectively with the data line of light source, rotate tulwar suspension arm, obtain preferably detection angles, light source projects angle and crop leaf measuring point plane is made to be 45 degree, spectroscopic probe head receives reflected light, reflection angle and crop leaf measuring point plane are 45 degree, the wavelength utilizing spectroscopic probe head acquisition testing point place is 693 nm, 853 nm, 993 nm, 1026nm, 1304 nm, 1505 nm, 1603 nm, 1860nm, 1981 nm, the reflectivity of milpa blade corresponding to 2243 nm and 2308 nm,
D () physics and chemistry value calculates: by gained reflectivity input detection device, and pick-up unit is according to multiple linear regression equations:
Y=18.124X1+15.345X2+37.276X3-28.356X4+27.985X5-9.638X6+2 7.325X7+34.587X8-67.257X9+39.365X10-28.934X11+4.87, calculate the protein content of milpa blade, in formula, Y is the protein content of milpa blade; X1 ~ X11 is respectively the reflectivity of wavelength 693 nm, 853 nm, 993 nm, 1026nm, 1304 nm, 1505 nm, 1603 nm, 1860nm, 1981 nm, 2243 nm and the milpa blade corresponding to 2308 nm.
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