CN104531366B - It is a kind of to produce biodiesel and the method for feed with acorn nut vinasse - Google Patents

It is a kind of to produce biodiesel and the method for feed with acorn nut vinasse Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104531366B
CN104531366B CN201410730659.2A CN201410730659A CN104531366B CN 104531366 B CN104531366 B CN 104531366B CN 201410730659 A CN201410730659 A CN 201410730659A CN 104531366 B CN104531366 B CN 104531366B
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vinasse
biodiesel
feed
acorn nut
ethanol
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CN104531366A (en
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吴桢芬
苏有勇
赵逸群
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B13/00—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of acorn nut vinasse production biodiesel and the method for feed, belongs to field of biological energy source；The method of the invention is separated by stoste, extraction process, process of deoiling, ester exchange reaction and distillation process prepare biodiesel and feed, the biodiesel finished product being prepared using the method for the invention meet national standard；The nutrient fodder protein content produced is 40% or so, easily storage, there is the longer shelf-life；The method of the invention has the advantages that easy to operate, efficient, pollution-free, energy consumption is low and product marketization is good.

Description

It is a kind of to produce biodiesel and the method for feed with acorn nut vinasse
Technical field
Biodiesel and the method for feed are produced with acorn nut vinasse the present invention relates to a kind of, belongs to field of biological energy source.
Background technology
Recently, as the appearance of energy crisis, national energy strategy orientation are particularly renewable energy in accelerating alternative energy source The exploitation in source, reduces the dependence to oil, and the bio liquid combustion including alcohol fuel is encouraged in the form of national legislation The development of material, Fuel Alcohol Development help to ensure that Chinese energy safety, improve the ecological environment.
It is many to produce the raw material of alcohol fuel, including starch, carbohydrate and lignocellulose, China is with non-grain crop And agricultural wastes are placed in the first place that fund is given special assistance to for the biomass energy exploitation of raw material, in wild plant raw material, Acorn nut is a kind of excellent living resources, and for its kernel starchness up to 50.4%, fat oil about 5%, originates in In Southwestern Jiangsu Oil content up to 15~20%, acorn nut is the fruit of robur, is similar to silk cocoon, therefore also known as chestnut cocoon.Acorn nut appearance duricrust, brownish red are interior Benevolence such as shelled peanut, contains abundant starch, edible.Acorn nut tree is well established and vigorously developing deciduous tree mostly, adaptable, the whole nation 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions have NATURAL DISTRIBUTION in addition to Qinghai and Xinjiang, and China's oak category kind is most, and fecund divides in mountain area Cloth is extremely wide, and China is the main place of production of acorn nut resource, and the distribution center in the world.Acorn nut is removed as food is used as edible acorn nut Bean curd can also be made outside face, acorn starch to be used to brew.But due to its own defect, as starch side chain degree is high-leveled and difficult to digest and assimilate, And it is not easy containing more tannin cleared, thus its processed goods still has astringent taste and the toxic effect of Central nervous, is eating it Utilization on product, beverage industry has entered into blind alley.
Therefore, acorn nut is developed as the raw material of production alcohol fuel, also has many scholars to grind this in recent years Study carefully, a kind of patent " method that alcohol fuel is produced using acorn nut as raw material " of such as one Publication No. CN101684484A proposes A kind of new production method.But at this stage, the method for no matter using any production alcohol fuel, its accessory substance vinasse Utility value is concerned always, and vinasse are the waste liquids after the distillation of fermenting-ripening wine with dregs, and water content is larger, 90-98% or so, is done Content of material 2-10% or so, the dry matter components of vinasse are mainly protein, in the dry matter of vinasse, in addition to protein, Also containing cellulose, poly- penta ward off, the material such as ash content, fat, caramel, melanin.Vinasse are higher as feed nutritive value, also exist Contain abundant B family vitamin and auxin etc. in vinasse.At present, reasonable utilize of vinasse is primarily used to feed stripped. However, this feed in industrialization or the marketization there are great number of issues, first, this feed is on nutritive value and price There is no competitiveness with traditional bean feed；Second, due to also containing certain grease in acorn nut lees feeds, cause its storage Time is short, it is difficult to market-oriented；3rd, most of vinasse drying processes are all to remove drying vinasse with hot-air, are given off with smelly The gas of taste causes air pollution.
Biodiesel is a kind of good substitute for petrochemical diesel, have the excellent feature of environmental protection, good fuel performance and The features such as renewable.75% is cost of material in biodiesel manufacturing cost, and price height is biodiesel alternative fuel commercialization Major obstacle, it is the key for realizing biodiesel scale and industrialized development to reduce biodiesel manufacturing cost.If it can utilize It will be very promising market that grease in acorn nut vinasse, which changes into biodiesel,.
The content of the invention
The present invention utilizes acorn nut in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, provide a kind of method that acorn nut vinasse efficiently utilize The accessory substance vinasse next life generation diesel oil and nutrient fodder of alcohol fuel are produced, the biodiesel produced can be used as and substitute Fuel is sold, and the nutrient fodder produced can be sold with the price higher than traditional lees feeds, because the grease in vinasse is Through separating out completely and changing into biodiesel, remaining feed product is rich in protein and carbohydrate, it is easier to storage and Processing.
The method of purification of the biodiesel of the present invention is completed according to the following steps：
（1）Stoste separates：Stoste is centrifuged into separator I, is separated into vinasse and thin liquid two parts, thin liquid into Enter and be evaporated in evaporator I, syrup is left after evaporation water；
（2）Extraction process：Vinasse enter extractor together with alcohol vapour, in the case where temperature is 75 DEG C -90 DEG C, extract 6-7 After hour, extract and roughage are obtained, roughage obtains nutrient fodder after the evaporation of evaporator II, and the ethanol evaporated returns Receive and utilize；
（3）Deoil process：The extract come out from extractor, which enters in evaporator III, to be evaporated, the ethanol being evaporated It is sent into alcohol vapour pipeline to recycle, concentrate is obtained after evaporation, subsequent concentrate is separated into separator II, obtained Grease and syrup waste liquid；
（4）Ester exchange reaction：Grease, alcohol vapour and acid catalyst or base catalyst enter reactor and carry out ester exchange Reaction, temperature be 150 DEG C -170 DEG C at, extraction 7-8 it is small when after, product enters separator III, and lower floor obtains glycerite, on Layer obtains coarse biodiesel, and coarse biodiesel enters rectifier and carries out rectifying, obtained after the ethanol recycling steamed biodiesel into Product.
Stoste of the present invention produces for acorn nut distill during alcohol fuel after the raffinate that leaves；Syrup is alcohol fuel Residue after process evaporation in thin liquid, wherein containing 28%~34% solid constituent, can mix or be directly used in vinasse Animal feed；It is soluble matter in vinasse and ethanol that extract, which is,；Concentrate for no ethanol extracting solution；
Step of the present invention（4）Middle catalyst is the 0.5%-1% of oil quality, and acid catalyst is strong acid（Such as sodium hydroxide, hydrogen Potassium oxide etc.）Or base catalyst is highly basic（Such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid）.
The advantages and positive effects of the present invention：
（1）Vinasse are effectively washed away in extractor using alcohol vapour, first, playing the role of being sufficiently stirred, second, using As this kind of solvent vapo(u)r of ethanol to substitute traditional hot-air can substantially reduce energy consumption, the gas discharge of odorless；
（2）Due to removing oil processing, the nutrient fodder protein content that the method obtains（37%~42%）Obtained than traditional handicraft To feed be higher by 9% or so, and reduction due to oil content and the presence of a small amount of antibacterial ethanol cause this nutrient fodder more Easily storage, there is the longer shelf-life；
（3）Grease in acorn nut is fully used, and the indices of biodiesel after rectifying produced meet GB/ T20828-2007《Diesel fuel reconciles and uses biodiesel (BD100)》Standard；
（4）The invention method is with technique is simple and convenient to operate, is efficient, is pollution-free, energy consumption is low and product marketization The advantages of good.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the technological process of the present invention；
In figure：1- separators I；2- evaporators I；3- extractors；4- evaporators II；5- evaporators III；6- is separated Device II；7- reactors, 8- separators III, 9- rectifiers.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
100kg stostes are separated into separator I 1, isolated 8kg vinasse and 92kg thin liquids, thin liquid, which enters, to be steamed Hair device I 2 evaporates moisture, obtains syrup；Vinasse and alcohol vapour are sent into extractor, at 75 DEG C of temperature, when extraction 6 is small Afterwards, extract and roughage are obtained, roughage obtains about 2.94kg nutrient fodders, nutrient fodder albumen after the evaporation of evaporator I 4 Matter content is 39.7%（Shelf-life is 12 months）；Extract is evaporated into evaporator III 5, obtains about 5kg concentrates, Ran Hounong Contracting liquid is layered at room temperature into separator II 6, and the oil of upper strata about 1.7kg is separated, oil and alcohol vapour and 0.5% oil The sulfuric acid catalyst of quality（8.5g）Ester exchange reaction is carried out in reactor, when reaction 7 is small at being 150 DEG C in temperature, then Product enter separator III 8 at room temperature stratification, lower floor be glycerite, upper strata is coarse biodiesel, after rectifying The biodiesel finished product of 1.1kg is obtained, indices meet GB/T20828-2007《Diesel fuel reconciliation biodiesel (BD100)》Standard（Obtained biodiesel detects its indices such as 10 fingers such as density, dynamic viscosity, flash-point, sulfur content Mark meets in the range of this national standard）.
Embodiment 2
100kg stostes are separated into separator I 1, isolated 8kg vinasse and 92kg thin liquids, thin liquid, which enters, to be steamed Hair device I 2 evaporates moisture, obtains syrup；Vinasse and alcohol vapour are sent into extractor, at 80 DEG C of temperature, when extraction 7 is small Afterwards, extract and roughage are obtained, roughage obtains 2.76kg nutrient fodders, nutrient fodder protein after the evaporation of evaporator I 4 Content is 40.1%（Shelf-life is 12 months）；Extract is evaporated into evaporator III 5, is obtained 5.2kg concentrates, is then concentrated Liquid is layered at room temperature into separator II 6, and the oil of upper strata about 1.78kg is separated, oil and alcohol vapour and 0.8% oil The NaOH catalyst of amount（For 14.24g）Ester exchange reaction is carried out in reactor, when reaction 8 is small at being 160 DEG C in temperature, is connect Product into stratification, lower floor are glycerite at room temperature in separator III 8, upper strata is coarse biodiesel, through rectifying The biodiesel finished product of 1.19kg is obtained afterwards.
Embodiment 3
100kg stostes are separated into separator I 1, isolated 8kg vinasse and 92kg thin liquids, thin liquid, which enters, to be steamed Hair device I 2 evaporates moisture, obtains syrup；Vinasse and alcohol vapour are sent into extractor, at 90 DEG C of temperature, when extraction 6 is small Afterwards, extract and roughage are obtained, roughage obtains 2.72kg nutrient fodders, nutrient fodder protein after the evaporation of evaporator I 4 Content is 39%（Shelf-life is 13 months）；Extract is evaporated into evaporator III 5, obtains 5.23kg concentrates, then concentrate It is layered at room temperature into separator II 6, the oil of upper strata about 1.8kg is separated, oil and alcohol vapour and 1 % oil qualities KOH catalyst（For 18g）Ester exchange reaction is carried out in reactor, temperature be 170 DEG C at reaction 8 it is small when, then product into Enter in separator III 8 that stratification, lower floor are glycerite at room temperature, upper strata is coarse biodiesel, is obtained after rectifying 1.205kg biodiesel finished product.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of produce biodiesel and the method for feed with acorn nut vinasse, it is characterised in that specifically includes following steps：
（1）Stoste separates：Stoste is centrifuged into separator I, is separated into vinasse and thin liquid two parts, and thin liquid, which enters, to be steamed It is evaporated in hair device I, syrup is left after evaporation water；
（2）Extraction process：Vinasse enter extractor together with alcohol vapour, in the case where temperature is 75 DEG C -90 DEG C, when extraction 6-7 is small Afterwards, extract and roughage are obtained, roughage obtains nutrient fodder after the evaporation of evaporator II, the ethanol recycling profit evaporated With；
（3）Deoil process：The extract come out from extractor, which enters in evaporator III, to be evaporated, and the ethanol being evaporated is sent into Alcohol vapour pipeline recycles, and concentrate is obtained after evaporation, subsequent concentrate is separated into separator II, obtains grease With syrup waste liquid；
（4）Ester exchange reaction：It is anti-that grease, alcohol vapour and acid catalyst or base catalyst enter reactor progress ester exchange Should, temperature be 150 DEG C -170 DEG C at, reaction 7-8 it is small when after, product enters separator III, and lower floor obtains glycerite, upper strata Coarse biodiesel is obtained, coarse biodiesel enters rectifier and carries out rectifying, and biodiesel finished product is obtained after the ethanol recycling steamed；
The stoste produces for acorn nut distill during alcohol fuel after the raffinate that leaves；During syrup is prepares alcohol fuel Residue after thin liquid evaporation moisture；Extract is the soluble matter in vinasse and ethanol；Concentrate for no ethanol extracting solution.
2. according to claim 1 with acorn nut vinasse production biodiesel and the method for feed, it is characterised in that：Catalyst is The 0.5%-1% of oil quality, acid catalyst are strong acid, and base catalyst is highly basic.
CN201410730659.2A 2014-12-05 2014-12-05 It is a kind of to produce biodiesel and the method for feed with acorn nut vinasse Active CN104531366B (en)

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CN108368526A (en) * 2015-10-01 2018-08-03 波特研究公司 Method and system for obtaining oil from vinasse composition and/or beer composition

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103773812A (en) * 2012-10-25 2014-05-07 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for preparing fuel alcohol from acorns and resource utilization of acorns
CN103906846A (en) * 2011-06-17 2014-07-02 布特马斯先进生物燃料有限责任公司 Co-products from biofuel production processes and methods of making

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101684480A (en) * 2009-02-28 2010-03-31 才伟 Novel technical method for producing fuel ethanol, biodiesel and the like through environment-friendly utilization of food waste

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103906846A (en) * 2011-06-17 2014-07-02 布特马斯先进生物燃料有限责任公司 Co-products from biofuel production processes and methods of making
CN103773812A (en) * 2012-10-25 2014-05-07 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for preparing fuel alcohol from acorns and resource utilization of acorns

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