CN101732359B - Integrated method for poly-generation of Chinese medicinal extracts - Google Patents
Integrated method for poly-generation of Chinese medicinal extracts Download PDFInfo
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- CN101732359B CN101732359B CN2008102264545A CN200810226454A CN101732359B CN 101732359 B CN101732359 B CN 101732359B CN 2008102264545 A CN2008102264545 A CN 2008102264545A CN 200810226454 A CN200810226454 A CN 200810226454A CN 101732359 B CN101732359 B CN 101732359B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an integrated method for the poly-generation of Chinese medicinal extracts, which comprises the following steps: pre-processing Chinese medicinal raw materials, extracting active ingredients of the Chinese medicinal raw materials, and using the residual medicinal dregs to produce a feed additive and a fertilizer or pyrolyzing the residual medicinal dregs to produce biological oil. According to characteristics of Chinese medicinal components, such as fruits, leaves and root stocks, the technically integrated method of the invention develops a plurality of high value-added products while extracting the active ingredients, thereby realizing the poly-generation comprehensive utilization of Chinese medicinal extracts and improving industrial comprehensive efficiency of the Chinese medicinal extracts.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to modernization of Chinese medicine key technology study of platform field, particularly a kind of integrated approach of Chinese medicine extract Poly-generation.
Background technology
In recent years, modernization of Chinese medicine development is rapid, and extraction and the separating and purifying technology of effective ingredient become study hotspot, but the Chinese Medicine Industry economic benefit does not obviously improve.Ultrasonic extraction, microwave extraction method, supercritical fluid extraction, semi-bionic extraction, zymohydrolysis extracting method etc., these technical methods are conducive to improve the extraction efficiency of Effective Component of Chinese Medicine, it is the important component part of modernization of cmm content, yet single extraction process often causes the unification of tcm product, the natural resources of Chinese medicinal materials utilization rate is low, also just be difficult to obtain higher economic benefit, this has become the bottleneck of Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Improve Chinese medicine extract industry overall economic efficiency, just be necessary to improve the raw material of Chinese medicine utilization rate, realize the transformation of Chinese medicine extract from the unicity to the diversification, carry out simultaneously medicinal residues post processing work, the policy that reduces discharging to meet national energy-saving.And to realize above-mentioned target, not only need the introducing of novel technique, and need the integrated research of multiple technologies, pretreatment of raw material technology, extraction separation and purification technology and medicinal residues post-processing technology are organically combined, thereby set up the Chinese medicine extract Ecological Industry Chain, improve overall economic efficiency.
The traditional raw material preprocess method generally adopts mechanical activation comminution, but because plant cell has very large resistance for the effect of external force, therefore limited to the destructiveness of plant cell, especially more for some fibre-bearings, oiliness large, certain elasticity or the many medical materials of mucous matter are arranged.The steam explosion technology is widely used in the industries such as papermaking, feedstuff processing, extract drugs in recent years, it utilizes high-temperature high-pressure steam to infiltrate among the hole and cell of material tissue, then moment high speed pay-out out, the mechanical force that produces can produce mechanical tear effect to a certain extent, thereby destroys material.This method has been integrated chemical hydrolysis and physical pulverization effect, can effectively destroy the compact texture of wood fibre within the short time (a few minutes), increases permeability cell, improves extraction efficiency.Kurosumi etc. find under study for action, use the blade of steam explosion processing heavy foliage red bamboo (Sasa palmate) to be aided with hot water and methanol extraction, help therefrom to extract polyphenoils.The discovery Herba Ephedrae such as Chen Hongzhang are processed than the ephedrine extraction yield of processing without steam explosion through steam explosion and are obviously improved (0.345%vs.0.102%), think that the steam explosion technology has vast potential for future development in the commercial production that Chinese herbal medicine effective ingredients extracts.
At present, decocting method, circumfluence method, the way of distillation etc. of remaining commonly used in the Chinese medicine extraction, its advantage is easy and simple to handle, and is not high to equipment requirements, but have that extraction time is long, energy consumption is high, the impure shortcomings such as many of extract.Development along with modern science, the technology such as ultrasonic extraction, microwave extraction, Enzymatic Extraction and supercritical extraction are applied to gradually Chinese medicine extraction and have obtained good effect, it is energy-efficient, the extract purity advantages of higher receives publicity, and has restricted its development but technological process is complicated, equipment price is expensive etc.Which kind of as for the concrete extracting method that adopts in the Chinese medicine production, should according to the medical material separate sources, make rational planning in conjunction with preprocessing method of raw materials, medicinal residues post processing etc.
Then mainly contain for the recycling of medicinal residues and to make feed additive or as fertilizer sources culturing edible fungus, but the multiformity in the face of medicinal residues, therefore the problem that has the whether reasonable and safety in utilization of substrate composition only has the part medicinal residues can adopt this type of recycling mode.The lignocellulosic material pyrolysis prepares biodiesel and has broad prospects, no matter and the medicinal residues composition is how complicated, its chief component is lignocellulose, therefore can various medicinal residues be made biodiesel by pyrolysis.This method is applied widely, all can adopt method for pyrolysis to transform so long as plant medicine extracts residual residue, has also enriched the raw material sources of biodiesel simultaneously.
Generally speaking, research work for unit operations in the Chinese Medicine Industry is usually careful deep, but each operating unit is relatively independent, seldom with respect to front and back process characteristics and impact each other, cause each sport technique segment to form isolated, lack each other cooperation and complementary and the integrated research of technology on the whole, often cause extra operation energy consumption, reduce work efficiency, increase production cost, economic benefit is difficult to improve.To set up Chinese medicine extract product diversification, the integrated Ecological Industry Chain of technology for the raw material of Chinese medicine of separate sources, could improve Chinese medicine extract industry comprehensive benefit.
Summary of the invention
[purpose of the present invention] the present invention relates to a kind of integrated approach of Chinese medicine extract Poly-generation.Raw material of Chinese medicine is carried out respectively pretreatment of raw material, extraction and medicinal residues post processing; and the three organically combined; improved the raw material of Chinese medicine utilization rate; realized the Chinese medicine extract Poly-generation; solved the recycling hard problem of medicinal residues complicated component; be conducive to protection of the environment, improve Chinese medicine extract industry comprehensive benefit.
[design of the present invention] modernization of Chinese medicine not only comprises the research of Traditional Chinese medicine extraction method, the more important thing is the integrated research of setting up the Chinese medicine Ecological Industry Chain.From the pretreatment with Chinese medicine to the extracts active ingredients, again to the medicinal residues post processing, use the recycling economy operating mode, obtain multiple high-valued product when extracting active ingredient, realized the Chinese medicine extract Poly-generation.
[technical solution of the present invention] the invention provides a kind of integrated approach of Chinese medicine extract Poly-generation, by pretreatment of raw material, the extraction course of processing and medicinal residues post processing and integrated research thereof, improve the raw material of Chinese medicine utilization rate, realize Chinese medicine extract diversification and high-valued, set up the Chinese medicine extract Ecological Industry Chain, may further comprise the steps:
1, the pretreatment of raw material of Chinese medicine;
2, pretreated Chinese medicine extraction;
3, extracting residue is the post processing of medicinal residues;
Chinese medicine of the present invention refers to plant medicine, comprises fruit, blade and Rhizomatic traditional Chinese medicine;
The integrated approach of fruit class Chinese medicine extract Poly-generation of the present invention refers to: fruit class raw material of Chinese medicine is adjusted to water content 10-50%, insert in the steam explosion reactor, in the 150-210 ℃ of temperature range, dimension is pressed 4-20min, produce rapidly, in the steam explosion material, add pectase, cellulase, hemicellulase, protease or above several multienzyme complexs a kind of, solid-to-liquid ratio transfers to 1:3-1:8, in temperature 40-60 ℃ scope, reaction 2-24h, in rotating speed 4000-10000rpm scope, centrifugal 20-60min, obtain oil, water, Gu three-phase, oil-water separation obtains oils and fats and Chinese medicine extraction liquid, and the solid phase medicinal residues are inserted pyrolysis reactor, in 400-600 ℃ of scope, reaction 0.03-2s, fast pyrogenation obtains pyrolysis oil;
The integrated approach of blade class Chinese medicine extract Poly-generation of the present invention refers to: blade class raw material of Chinese medicine is adjusted to water content 5-40%, insert in the steam explosion reactor, in the 155-220 ℃ of temperature range, dimension is pressed 1-10min, produce rapidly, in the steam explosion material, add pectase, cellulase, hemicellulase or above several multienzyme complexs a kind of, solid-to-liquid ratio transfers to 1:4-1:9, in temperature 40-65 ℃ scope, reaction 0.5-12h adds the extraction solvents such as ethanol, and solid-to-liquid ratio transfers to 1:10-1:30,60-100 ℃ is extracted 10-60min, filter, filtering residue repeats to extract 2 times, merging filtrate, get Chinese medicine extraction liquid, the filtering residue oven dry is pulverized and is made feed additive;
The integrated approach of Rhizomatic traditional Chinese medicine extract Poly-generation of the present invention refers to: the Rhizomatic traditional Chinese medicine raw material is adjusted to water content 7-60%, insert in the steam explosion reactor, in the 145-230 ℃ of temperature range, dimension is pressed 4-30min, produce rapidly, in the steam explosion material, add pectase, cellulase, hemicellulase, amylase or above several multienzyme complexs a kind of, solid-to-liquid ratio transfers to 1:3-1:9, in temperature 40-70 ℃ scope, reaction 1-48h adds the extraction solvents such as ethanol, and solid-to-liquid ratio transfers to 1:10-1:40,65-100 ℃ is extracted 15-60min, filter, filtering residue repeats to extract 2 times, merging filtrate, get Chinese medicine extraction liquid, filtering residue is used for fertilizer, fermentation or papermaking.
[the present invention has advantages of]
1, the broken Enzymatic Extraction that promotes of steam explosion high strength, the moisture that Enzymatic Extraction has also utilized steam explosion to introduce, pyrolysis then can be converted into bio oil with extracting the residue residual oils and fats of medicinal residues and lignocellulose, and the three cooperatively interacts, and complements one another;
2, steam explosion, water enzyme extraction and pyrolysis are the technical matters of relative cleaning, are conducive to reduce discharging, protection of the environment;
3, can except extracting medicinal ingredient, develop multiple high added value side-product for different pretreatment, extraction and the post processing integrated approaches of different types of raw material of Chinese medicine design, realize the comprehensive utilization of Chinese medicine extract Poly-generation, improve overall economic efficiency.
[specific embodiment]
Below the present invention is further elaborated by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The 300g Folium Ginkgo is added water be adjusted to water content 30%, insert in the steam-explosion jar, pass into saturated vapor, keep 5min for 190 ℃, open the discharging ball valve and fast material is produced in the receptor, adding water adjusting solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:5, the cellulase enzyme concentration is the 30FPU/g substrate, and hydrolysis temperature is 50 ℃, and enzymolysis time is 24h, add ethanol to concentration 60%, solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10,80 ℃ are extracted 10min, filter, filtering residue repeats to extract 2 times, merging filtrate gets Folium Ginkgo flavone, and extraction ratio is 1.9%, be higher than Traditional Method extraction ratio 1.5%, filter residue and drying is pulverized and is made feed additive.
Embodiment 2
500g Fructus rhois chinensis fruit is adjusted to water content 50%, insert in the steam-explosion jar, pass into saturated vapor, under 200 ℃, keep 4min, opening the discharging ball valve produces material in the receptor fast, adding water adjusting solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:6, add compound enzyme liquid (cellulase, hemicellulase, pectase and protease) 0.5ml/100g, hydrolysis temperature is 50 ℃, enzymolysis time is 4h, centrifugal oil-water separation, upper oil phase obtains being rich in the vegetable oil 76g of unsaturated fatty acid, and lower floor's aqueous phase adds ethanol to 60%, 80 ℃ of concentration and extracts 10min, filter, extracting solution is Fructus rhois chinensis fruit flavone, and extraction ratio is 3.0%, is higher than Traditional Method extraction ratio 2.3%, filtering residue obtains bio oil 214g at 600 ℃ of lower fast pyrogenation 2s.
Embodiment 3
The 500g Radix Astragali is adjusted to water content 30%, inserts in the steam-explosion jar, pass into saturated vapor, keep 3min under 100 ℃, open the discharging ball valve and fast material is produced in the receptor, adding water adjusting solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:8, add cellulase solution 0.8ml/100g, hydrolysis temperature is 55 ℃, and enzymolysis time is 2h, add water and be adjusted to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10, boil 1h, filtered while hot, the astragalus polysaccharides that obtains for extraction in the filtrate, extraction ratio is 9.8%, and albumen feedstuff is made in the fermentations such as filtering residue adding wheat bran.
Claims (1)
1. the integrated approach of a Chinese medicine extract Poly-generation is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material of Chinese medicine
A) pretreatment of fruit class raw material of Chinese medicine: fruit class raw material of Chinese medicine is adjusted to water content 10-50%, insert in the steam explosion reactor, in the 150-210 ℃ of temperature range, dimension is pressed 4-20min, produce rapidly, add a kind of of pectase, cellulase, hemicellulase, protease or above several multienzyme complexs in the steam explosion material, solid-to-liquid ratio transfers to 1: 3-1: 8, in temperature 40-60 ℃ scope, reaction 2-24h;
B) pretreatment of blade class raw material of Chinese medicine: blade class raw material of Chinese medicine is adjusted to water content 5-40%, insert in the steam explosion reactor, in the 155-220 ℃ of temperature range, dimension is pressed 1-10min, produce rapidly, add a kind of of pectase, cellulase, hemicellulase or above several multienzyme complexs in the steam explosion material, solid-to-liquid ratio transfers to 1: 4-1: 9, in temperature 40-65 ℃ scope, reaction 0.5-12h;
C) pretreatment of Rhizomatic traditional Chinese medicine raw material: the Rhizomatic traditional Chinese medicine raw material is adjusted to water content 7-60%, insert in the steam explosion reactor, in the 145-230 ℃ of temperature range, dimension is pressed 4-30min, produce rapidly, add a kind of of pectase, cellulase, hemicellulase, amylase or above several multienzyme complexs in the steam explosion material, solid-to-liquid ratio transfers to 1: 3-1: 9, in temperature 40-70 ℃ scope, reaction 1-48h;
(2) pretreated Chinese medicine extraction
Chinese medicine extraction after the pretreatment of raw material of fruit class Chinese medicine refers in rotating speed 4000-10000rpm scope, and centrifugal 20-60min obtains oil, water, solid three-phase, and oil-water separation obtains oils and fats and Chinese medicine extraction liquid; Chinese medicine extraction after the pretreatment of raw material of blade class Chinese medicine: add and extract etoh solvent, solid-to-liquid ratio transfers to 1: 10-1: 30,60-100 ℃ is extracted 10-60min, filters, and filtering residue repeats to extract 2 times, and merging filtrate gets Chinese medicine extraction liquid; Chinese medicine extraction after the Rhizomatic traditional Chinese medicine pretreatment of raw material: add and extract etoh solvent, solid-to-liquid ratio transfers to 1: 10-1: 40,65-100 ℃ is extracted 15-60min, filters, and filtering residue repeats to extract 2 times, and merging filtrate gets Chinese medicine extraction liquid;
(3) residue after extracting is made feed additive, fertilizer or is inserted pyrolysis reactor by the solid phase medicinal residues that pyrolysis is made after bio oil fruit class raw material of Chinese medicine extracts, in 400-600 ℃ of scope, and reaction 0.03-2s, fast pyrogenation obtains pyrolysis oil; Filtering residue oven dry after blade class raw material of Chinese medicine extracts is pulverized and is made feed additive; Filtering residue after the Rhizomatic traditional Chinese medicine raw material extracts is for the production of fertilizer;
Described Chinese medicine refers to plant medicine, comprises fruit, blade and Rhizomatic traditional Chinese medicine.
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CN103952387A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-30 | 宁夏乙征生物工程有限公司 | Enzyme preparation composition for improving extraction rate of traditional Chinese medicine |
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CN103952387A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-30 | 宁夏乙征生物工程有限公司 | Enzyme preparation composition for improving extraction rate of traditional Chinese medicine |
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