CN104521832B - Cultivation method for fish fries and adult fishes - Google Patents
Cultivation method for fish fries and adult fishes Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521832B CN104521832B CN201410801171.4A CN201410801171A CN104521832B CN 104521832 B CN104521832 B CN 104521832B CN 201410801171 A CN201410801171 A CN 201410801171A CN 104521832 B CN104521832 B CN 104521832B
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
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- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method for purifying water and increasing the growth rate of fish fries, fish fingerling and adult fishes, and a six-level water processing method. By utilizing the appropriate ecological microorganism, the functions of regulating the water quality, purifying the water source and providing fish bait are played in the important period of different stages for the fish incubation, the fish fry growth, the fish fingerling cultivation and the adult fish growth. The fish growth rate is increased, the probability of the fish disease occurring is reduced, and therefore the production efficiency for the fish cultivation is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cultivation field is and in particular to fry, fingerling, the aquaculture method of adult fish.
Background technology
Fry, the breeding process of adult fish be unable to do without water body environment.Because the development need of intensive aquaculture is so that support
The self-pollution phenomenon growing water body is extremely serious.Water is the material base of aquaculture, effect in breeding water body for the water environment
Increasingly paid attention to.In recent years, in order to improve cultivation water environment, using cycle water fish-cultivating from outside contamination, reduce simultaneously
Aquaculture cost, but circulating water body also results in various diseases because intensive culture brings, agrochemical pollutant with circulation
Water body is propagated.Microbial ecological aquaculture model is also a kind of anti-technology of biology control preventing breeding water body pollution, and it is permissible
Control the breeding of algae in eutrophication water to a certain extent, reduce the turbidity of water body.But limited by microbiologic propertiess,
And multiple-microorganism in water body complex environment coefficient impact so that this technology is also challenged often, implement
Person still needs according to different breeding water bodies, and different microorganism character carries out the improvement of breeding water body.
Content of the invention
The present invention be solve the above problems, there is provided one kind contribute to purifying water be simultaneously adapted to improve fry, fingerling and
The cultural method of the adult fish speed of growth.The method is especially suitable for zander, rainbow trout, and fresh water Atlantic salmon, tilapia, arctic etc. are fitted
Close the Fish of circulating water cultivation.
The breeding method that the present invention provides, cultivates including following fry hatching and fry, fingerling cultivates, adult fish culture is several
Stage：The harvesting of germ cell, germ cell is put into special incubation tank, adjust water temperature and hatched, treat embryo's membrane, to the 41st
My god, when fry growth is to 3-5 centimetre, fry is moved to fingerling culturing pool, when cultivation is to 8-10 centimetre, then fingerling is moved to into
Fish culture pond carries out ecological cultivation.Wherein, in the beginning of each cultivation stage, its growing environment is strictly monitored, and
Ecological regulation and control is carried out according to environmental change, including in incubating oosperm stage, the 15th after spawning hour, starts to incubation tank
Put into 35-40ppm Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess (Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides), the red vacation in 10-15ppm marsh unit cell
Bacterium (R.palustris)；The 5th day afterwards to the 30th day, throw in 10-15ppm Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, the red vacation in 7-8ppm marsh altogether
Zymomonas mobiliss and daily 10-20/ml Branchionus urceus of input；Started from the 31st day to the 40th day, throw in enough wheels daily
Worm, artemia larva, whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 2-3%, miniflow water, and oxygen fills
Foot, fry density 300-500 tail/m3；To the 41st day, when fry growth is to 3-5 centimetre, fry is moved to fingerling culturing pool, move
From pond first day, for three days on end, daily input 10-15ppm Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, 5-10ppm Rhodopseudomonas palustris, now
Fingerling can carry out feeding of agreeable to the taste bait；Whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, oxygen
Gas is sufficient, miniflow water, fingerling density 150-250 tail/m3.When cultivation is to 8-10 centimetre, fingerling is moved to adult fish culture pond and enters
Row ecological cultivation, 80-150 tail/m3, cultivate 180-220 days, throw in enough bait daily, now, from the water of crawl discharge
Processed through water treatment technology；Preferably, the water discharged from adult fish culture pond through fluidized bed bio filter process, then through heavy
Shallow lake bed precipitation；It is highly preferred that settler and fluid bed contain the Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess of embedding volume 20%-25%, 10-15%
Rhodopseudomonas palustris polyethylene biomembrane.Whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-
5%, oxygen is sufficient.
Specifically, technical scheme includes：
(1) gather fish fertilized egg, the fish nest being stained with germ cell is positioned over incubation tank, 0.3 meter about place of the depth of water, controls water
Warm 10-18 DEG C, the 15th after spawning hour, start to put into Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess (Rhodopseudomonas to incubation tank
Sphaeroides), Rhodopseudomonas palustris (R.palustris)；
(2), the 5th to the 30th day after, Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, Rhodopseudomonas palustris and daily input gyalectiform arm are thrown in
Tail wheel worm；
(3) started from the 31st day to the 40th day, throw in enough wheel animalcules, artemia larva daily, whole incubation keeps water
Body pH reaches 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 2-3%, circulates miniflow water, and oxygen is sufficient, fry density 300-500 tail/m3；Preferably
Ground, pure oxygen oxygen supplement, oxygen content of water ＞ 7.6mg/L, 30% water circulation UV (ultraviolet) is sterilized；
(4) to the 41st day, when fry growth is to 3-5 centimetre, fry is thrown to recirculated water fingerling culturing pool, moves pond first
It rises, and for three days on end, throws in Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, Rhodopseudomonas palustris into blood circulation daily, now fingerling is fitted
The feeding of mouthful bait；Whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, and oxygen is sufficient, fingerling
Density 150-250 tail/m3；Preferably, pure oxygen oxygen supplement, oxygen content of water ＞ 7.6mg/L, 30% circulating water body is sterilized through UV；
(5) when cultivation is to 8-10 centimetre, fingerling is moved to recirculated water adult fish culture pond and carries out ecological cultivation, 80-150
Tail/m3, cultivate 180-220 days, daily input enough bait (preferably, feeding rate 13-18%：100 kilograms of fish daily requirements are thrown
Enter 13-18 kilogram of living bait；It is highly preferred that with the growth of fry, the rate that feeds declines), now, discharge from adult fish culture pond
Water is processed through water treatment technology；Whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, oxygen
Sufficient；Preferably, the water discharged from adult fish culture pond precipitates through fluidized bed bio filter process, then through settler；More preferably
Ground, settler and fluid bed contain the red vacation in the marsh unit cell of the Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess of embedding volume 20%-25%, 10-15%
The polyethylene biomembrane of bacterium.
Preferably, in step (1), Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess are put into, the concentration of Rhodopseudomonas palustris is respectively：
35-40ppm and 10-15ppm, it is further preferred that respectively 35ppm and 15ppm；
Preferably, in step (2), Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess are put into, the concentration of Rhodopseudomonas palustris is respectively：
10-15ppm, 7-8ppm, it is further preferred that respectively 12ppm, 8ppm, daily 10-20/ml Branchionus urceus of input, excellent
Choosing, daily input 20/ml Branchionus urceus；
Preferably, in step (4), Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess are put into, the concentration of Rhodopseudomonas palustris is respectively：
10-15ppm, 5-10ppm, more preferably respectively 15ppm, 10ppm.
Preferably, the water treatment technology in step (5) adopts six grades of handling process of water, specially：
Adult fish culture pond and water treating pond connect as one, water treating pond include coarse filter, Microfilter pond, fluid bed, two
Oxidation carbon removal bed, settler, UV sterilization and pressurization pure oxygen oxygenation system, collecting-tank, form 6 grades of water treatment systems, wherein, slightly
Filter tank carries out 1 grade of water process, and Microfilter pond carries out 2 grades of water process, and fluid bed carries out 3 grades of water process, and carbon dioxide removes bed and enters
4 grades of water process of row, settler carries out 5 grades of water process, and UV sterilization carries out 6 grades of water process with pressurization pure oxygen oxygenation system；Preferably,
Carbon dioxide removes bedstead and is located above fluid bed；Preferably, UV sterilization and pressurization pure oxygen oxygenation system are erected on settler
Side.
Preferably, water treating pond also includes the recoil wash pool being arranged between coarse filter, Microfilter pond.
It is further preferred that the arc screening plate being passed through by the water in adult fish culture pond in coarse filter enters in coarse filter, then
Access after Microfilter filters through conduit pipe and enter Microfilter pond.
Preferably, need water is carried out 3-5 level staged care according to cultivation density, i.e. if the fish of cultivation is more,
Then the water of 70-90% needs to process；If the fish of cultivation is few, only need to process the water of 30-50%.
Preferably, (preferably, enter through water level control pipe) after the water in Microfilter pond enters fluidized bed, will by immersible pump
Water is extracted into carbon dioxide removal bed and carries out carbon dioxide removal, then enters into settler through water level control pipe, by surface overflow
Enter collecting-tank, by water pump, the water of collecting-tank is extracted out, enter into UV disinfection system, enter oxygen after UV disinfection system
Cone, the water after above-mentioned six grades of water process returns again to adult fish culture pond.Preferably, this kind process more for cultivating fish
In the case of.
Further preferably：
A. remove the particulate matter of 40 mesh/above per square inch through sieve bend coarse filtration, particulate matter is discharged to backwash at the bottom of pond
Portion, the sewage sump of settler precipitation plate bottom；
B. the water body through first time coarse filtration enters Microfilter, does 40-160 mesh/particulate matter removal per square inch twice, mistake
After rinse spray system within Microfilter for the particulate matter that elimination removes is collected through backwash, it is exhausted directly to settler precipitation plate bottom
The sewage sump in portion；Water body enters fluidized bed afterwards；
Preferably, Microfilter backwashing water is taken from settler supernatant and is recycled, and backwashing water is reused and can be reduced
Displacement.Sieve bend is used in combination with Microfilter, can reduce Microfilter load, and reducing energy consumption reaches 40%, and world industry is breeded fish
Averagely day displacement 20%, and the system only 5-8%；
C. in fluid bed, Organic substance is converted into carbon dioxide, completes by albumen → peptide → aminoacid → ammonia nitrogen → nitrous acid
The oxidation decomposition course of salt → nitrate, general digestion 1mg ammonia nitrogen needs 5.47mg pure oxygen；
Preferably, water body soluble pollutants are to carry out above-mentioned oxidation under the conditions of oxygen content 8.4mg/ rises in high dissolved oxygen environment
Catabolic process；
Preferably, complete water body homoiothermic in this link；
D. the water body entering fluidized bed goes the harmful gass such as removing carbon dioxide through carbon dioxide removal bed, and harmful gass are passed through
Air channel discharge workshop, goes the current after removing and harmful gas to be back to fluid bed；
Preferably, the 10-20% water body entering fluidized bed goes the harmful gass such as removing carbon dioxide through carbon dioxide removal bed；
Preferably, adjusted according to fish loading amount and the water body that bed purifies is removed by carbon dioxide, because the carbon dioxide that fish produces makes water
Body is gradually acidified, so will carry out carbon dioxide to remove to adjust the balance of soda acid；
E. the water body after fluid bed digestion process imports settler, blowdown afterwards；Settler and fluid bed contain embedding body
The Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess of long-pending 20%-25%, the polyethylene biomembrane of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris of 10-15%, after digestion process
Water body enter collecting-tank；
Preferably, the water body after fluid bed digestion process through water level balance pipe importing sedimentation tank biological bed bottom bypass channel is
Settler, digests further, retains through settler, precipitating the aging compound Mycoderma coming off, automatic according to water pollutant content
Change blowdown；
Preferably, 40-70% water body direct circulation can be entered collecting-tank circulation by pipeline by the water body after Microfilter
Use, remaining water body enters fluidized bed, through fluidized bed bio filter process, Organic substance is converted into carbon dioxide, nitrogen is turned
Turn to nitrate；Preferably, fluidized bed processing is carried out according to the ammonia-nitrogen content that the garbage that fish loading amount and fish fillet go out produces, directly
Tap into the alkalescence that the water body into collecting-tank is to keep water body；
It is highly preferred that the water body after settler digestion process enters collecting-tank converging with Microfilter shunting water body；
F. in collecting-tank, 20%-30% water body enters after UV disinfection system through water pump lifting, enters pressurization pure oxygen oxygen supplement system
System and pure oxygen are mixed with over-saturation dissolved oxygen water, export oxygen content of water ＞ 25mg/L, enter the circulation of adult fish culture pond；Entirely follow
It is (preferably, using the adjustment of alkali liquor automatization, dense according to the injection 100% of PH Monitoring Data that ring water keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0
Degree sodium hydroxide solution), daily rate of water exchange 5-8%, recirculated water oxygen content ＞ 7.6mg/L, ion ammonium ＜ 0.1mg/L.
Preferably, in collecting-tank, 20-30% water body enters after UV disinfection system through water pump lifting, enters pressurization pure oxygen oxygen supplement
System and pure oxygen are mixed with over-saturation dissolved oxygen water, export oxygen content of water ＞ 25mg/L, then with other water bodys in collecting-tank,
Enter adult fish culture pond water inlet manifold front end through jet mixing uniform after, enter adult fish culture pond circulation；Whole recirculated water keeps
Water body pH is reached 7.5-8.0 and (preferably, is adjusted using alkali liquor automatization, inject 100% concentration hydroxide according to PH Monitoring Data
Sodium solution), daily rate of water exchange 5-8%, recirculated water oxygen content ＞ 7.6mg/L；
Preferably, ion ammonium ＜ 0.1mg/L.
Preferably, described Fish are zander, rainbow trout, and the suitable recirculated water such as fresh water Atlantic salmon, tilapia, arctic is supported
The Fish growing；Preferably, can be adjusted further according to different breeding kind items water chemistry Con trolling index.
Beneficial effect：The present invention has selected suitable probiotic microorganisms respectively in hatch fish roe and fry growth, fingerling training
The important period of the different phase that foster and adult fish grows plays regulating water quality, the effect purifying water source, providing bait, improves
The growth rate of fish, decreases the pathogenetic probability of fish thus improve the production efficiency of fish culture.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is one embodiment of the present invention Mesichthyes cultivation organic sewage treatment region schematic diagram.
Description of reference numerals：A- coarse filter；B- backwash；C- Microfilter pond；D- fluid bed；E- carbon dioxide removes bed；
F- settler；G- collecting-tank；A- Microfilter；B- aqueduct；C- water level control pipe；D- oxygen is bored；E-UV disinfector；F- circulating pump.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter the preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated it will be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only used
In the description and interpretation present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Collection zander fish fertilized egg, the fish nest being stained with germ cell is positioned over incubation tank, 0.3 meter about place of the depth of water, controls
Water temperature 10-18 DEG C, (is surveyed for the 15th hour about after about 50% germ cell spawning with the laboratory condition of substantially similar environment
Examination be defined), start to incubation tank put into 35ppm Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess (Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides),
15ppm Rhodopseudomonas palustris (R.palustris)；The the 5th to the 30th day afterwards, throw in 12ppm Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, 8ppm
Rhodopseudomonas palustris and daily throw in about 20/ml about Branchionus urceus；
Started from the 31st day to the 40th day, throw in enough wheel animalcules, artemia larva daily, whole incubation keeps water body pH
Reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 2-3%, circulate miniflow water, oxygen is sufficient, pure oxygen oxygen supplement, oxygen content of water ＞ 7.6mg/L,
30% water circulation UV (ultraviolet) is sterilized, fry density 300-500 tail/m3；
To the 41st day, when fry growth is to 3-5 centimetre, fry is moved to fingerling culturing pool, move pond from first day, continuous 3
My god, throw in 15ppm Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, 10ppm Rhodopseudomonas palustris daily, now fingerling can carry out the throwing of agreeable to the taste bait
Hello；Whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, and oxygen is sufficient, pure oxygen oxygen supplement, and water body contains
Oxygen amount ＞ 7.6mg/L, 30% circulating water body is sterilized through UV, fingerling density 150-250 tail/m3；
When cultivation is to 8-10 centimetre, fingerling is moved to adult fish culture pond and carries out ecological cultivation, 80-150 tail/m3, training
Foster 180-220 days, throw in enough bait, feeding rate 13-18% daily：100 kilograms of fish daily requirements put into 13-18 kilogram of live bait
Material；With the growth of fry, the rate that feeds declines, and now, the water discharged from crawl is processed through water treatment technology, whole training
Foster process keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, and oxygen is sufficient.
Adult fish culture pond and water treating pond connect as one, water treating pond include coarse filter, recoil wash pool, Microfilter pond,
Fluid bed, carbon dioxide remove bed, settler, UV sterilization and pressurization pure oxygen oxygenation system, collecting-tank, form 6 grades of water process systems
System, carbon dioxide removes bedstead and is located above fluid bed, and UV sterilization is erected above settler with pressurization pure oxygen oxygenation system.
The arc screening plate being passed through by the water in adult fish culture pond in coarse filter enters in coarse filter, then accesses through conduit pipe
Microfilter enters Microfilter pond after filtering.Microfilter backwashing water is taken from settler supernatant and is recycled.In Microfilter pond
Water enters through water level control pipe and (completes water body homoiothermic in this link) after fluidized bed, and 10-20% water body is extracted into two by immersible pump
Oxidation carbon removal bed carries out carbon dioxide removal, and carbon dioxide passes through air channel discharge workshop, and current are back to fluid bed afterwards；Again
Enter into settler through water level control pipe, afterwards blowdown；Settler and fluid bed contain the spherical red of embedding volume 20%-25%
Pseudomonass, the polyethylene biomembrane of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris of 10-15%, the water body after digestion process is entered by surface overflow
Enter collecting-tank, by water pump, the 20%-30% water of collecting-tank is extracted out, enter into UV disinfection system, after UV disinfection system
Enter oxygen cone, prepare over-saturation dissolved oxygen water, other water bodys in outlet oxygen content of water 26mg/L, with collecting-tank, entering adult fish
Culturing pool water inlet manifold front end through jet mixing uniform after, enter adult fish culture pond circulation.
Water quality detection：Inventive samples collection and preservation are according to National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB12997-91《Water
Matter sampling plan design code》, National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB 12998-91《Water quality sampling technological guidance》, China
People's republic's standard GB/T 12999-91《The preservation of water quality sampling sample and management technique regulation》It is prepared for standard
And detection.Each stage start within last two days detect, continuous detecting 2 days, early, middle and late daily each detection 1 time, be averaged
Value, fishes for 20-30 tail fish at random and surveys length, average.
Embodiment 2
Collection zander fish fertilized egg, the fish nest being stained with germ cell is positioned over incubation tank, 0.3 meter about place of the depth of water, controls
Water temperature 10-18 DEG C, (is surveyed for the 10th hour about after about 50% germ cell spawning with the laboratory condition of substantially similar environment
Examination be defined), start to incubation tank put into 40ppm Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess (Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides),
10ppm Rhodopseudomonas palustris (R.palustris)；The the 5th to the 30th day afterwards, throw in 10ppm Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, 7ppm
Rhodopseudomonas palustris and daily throw in about 10/ml about Branchionus urceus；
Started from the 31st day to the 40th day, throw in enough wheel animalcules, artemia larva daily, whole incubation keeps water body pH
Reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 2-3%, miniflow water, oxygen is sufficient, fry density 300-500 tail/m3；
To the 41st day, when fry growth is to 3-5 centimetre, fry is moved to fingerling culturing pool, move pond from first day, continuous 3
My god, throw in 10ppm Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, 5ppm Rhodopseudomonas palustris daily, now fingerling can carry out the throwing of agreeable to the taste bait
Hello；Whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, and oxygen is sufficient, miniflow water, fingerling density
150-250 tail/m3；
When cultivation is to 8-10 centimetre, fingerling is moved to adult fish culture pond and carries out ecological cultivation, 80-150 tail/m3, training
Foster 180-220 days, throw in daily enough bait, now, the water discharged from crawl is through fluidized bed bio filter process, then warp
Settler precipitates, and settler and fluid bed contain the Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess of embedding volume 25%, the 15% red vacation in marsh unit cell
The polyethylene biomembrane of bacterium, whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, and oxygen is sufficient,
Miniflow water.
Water quality detection：Inventive samples collection and preservation are according to National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB12997-91《Water
Matter sampling plan design code》, National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB 12998-91《Water quality sampling technological guidance》, China
People's republic's standard GB/T 12999-91《The preservation of water quality sampling sample and management technique regulation》It is prepared for standard
And detection.Each stage start within last two days detect, continuous detecting 2 days, early, middle and late daily each detection 1 time, be averaged
Value, fishes for 20-30 tail fish at random and surveys length, average.
Comparative example 1
Collection zander fish fertilized egg, the fish nest being stained with germ cell is positioned over incubation tank, 0.3 meter about place of the depth of water, controls
Water temperature 10-18 DEG C, (is surveyed for the 15th hour about after about 50% germ cell spawning with the laboratory condition of substantially similar environment
Examination is defined), start to put into 35ppm Green color rhodopseudomonas, 15ppm capsula Rhodopseudomonas to incubation tank；Afterwards the 5th to the 30th
My god, throw in 12ppm Green color rhodopseudomonas, 8ppm capsula Rhodopseudomonas and daily throw in about 20/ml about fold arm tail
Wheel animalcule；Started from the 31st day to the 40th day, throw in enough wheel animalcules, artemia larva daily, whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach
To 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 2-3%, miniflow water, oxygen is sufficient, pure oxygen oxygen supplement, oxygen content of water ＞ 7.6mg/L, 30% water
Body circulation UV (ultraviolet) is sterilized；Fry density 300-500 tail/m3；
To the 41st day, when fry growth is to 3-5 centimetre, fry is moved to fingerling culturing pool, move pond from first day, continuous 3
My god, throw in 15ppm Green color rhodopseudomonas, 10ppm capsula Rhodopseudomonas daily, now fingerling can carry out the throwing of agreeable to the taste bait
Hello；Whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, pure oxygen oxygen supplement, oxygen content of water ＞
7.6mg/L, oxygen is sufficient, and 30% circulating water body is sterilized through UV, miniflow water, fingerling density 150-250 tail/m3；
When cultivation is to 8-10 centimetre, fingerling is moved to adult fish culture pond and carries out ecological cultivation, 80-150 tail/m3, training
Foster 180-220 days, throw in enough bait, feeding rate 13-18% daily：100 kilograms of fish daily requirements put into 13-18 kilogram of live bait
Material；With the growth of fry, the rate that feeds declines；Now, the water discharged from crawl is processed through water treatment technology, from adult fish
The water that culturing pool is discharged precipitates through fluidized bed bio filter process, then through settler；Settler and fluid bed contain embedding body
The Green color rhodopseudomonas of long-pending 20%-25%, the polyethylene biomembrane of the capsula Rhodopseudomonas of 10-15%, entirely cultivated
Journey keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, and oxygen is sufficient, miniflow water.
Water quality detection：Inventive samples collection and preservation are according to National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB12997-91《Water
Matter sampling plan design code》, National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB 12998-91《Water quality sampling technological guidance》, China
People's republic's standard GB/T 12999-91《The preservation of water quality sampling sample and management technique regulation》It is prepared for standard
And detection.Each stage start within last two days detect, continuous detecting 2 days, early, middle and late daily each detection 1 time, be averaged
Value, fishes for 20-30 tail fish at random and surveys length, average.
Comparative example 2
Collection zander fish fertilized egg, the fish nest being stained with germ cell is positioned over incubation tank, 0.3 meter about place of the depth of water, controls
Water temperature 10-18 DEG C, (is surveyed for the 15th hour about after about 50% germ cell spawning with the laboratory condition of substantially similar environment
Examination be defined), start to incubation tank put into 37ppm Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess (Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides),
23ppm Rhodopseudomonas palustris (R.palustris)；5th to the 30th day, throw in daily about 20/ml about gyalectiform arm tail wheel
Worm；Started from the 31st day to the 40th day, throw in enough wheel animalcules, artemia larva daily, whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach
7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 2-3%, miniflow water, oxygen is sufficient, fry density 300-500 tail/m3；
To the 41st day, when fry growth is to 3-5 centimetre, fry is moved to fingerling culturing pool, move pond from first day, continuous 3
My god, throw in 15ppm Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, 10ppm Rhodopseudomonas palustris daily, now fingerling can carry out the throwing of agreeable to the taste bait
Hello；Whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 10%, and oxygen is sufficient, miniflow water, fingerling density
150-250 tail/m3；
When cultivation is to 8-10 centimetre, fingerling is moved to adult fish culture pond and carries out ecological cultivation, 80-150 tail/m3,
Culture 180-220 days, throws in enough bait daily, and now, the water discharged from crawl is processed through water treatment technology, from one-tenth
The water that fish culture pond is discharged precipitates through fluidized bed bio filter process, then through settler；Settler and fluid bed contain embedding
The Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess of volume 20%-25%, the polyethylene biomembrane of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris of 10-15%, whole culture
Process keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, and oxygen is sufficient, miniflow water.
Water quality detection：Inventive samples collection and preservation are according to National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB12997-91《Water
Matter sampling plan design code》, National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB 12998-91《Water quality sampling technological guidance》, China
People's republic's standard GB/T 12999-91《The preservation of water quality sampling sample and management technique regulation》It is prepared for standard
And detection.Each stage start within last two days detect, continuous detecting 2 days, early, middle and late daily each detection 1 time, be averaged
Value, fishes for 20-30 tail fish at random and surveys length, average.
Comparative example 3
Collection zander fish fertilized egg, the fish nest being stained with germ cell is positioned over incubation tank, 0.3 meter about place of the depth of water, controls
Water temperature 10-18 DEG C, (is surveyed for the 15th hour about after about 50% germ cell spawning with the laboratory condition of substantially similar environment
Examination is defined), start to splash appropriate bean milk to incubation tank；5th to the 30th day, throw in 12ppm Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, 8ppm marsh
Rhodopseudomonas and daily throw in about 20/ml about Branchionus urceus；Started from the 31st day to the 40th day, daily input
Enough wheel animalcules, artemia larva, whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 2-3%, miniflow water, oxygen
Gas is sufficient, fry density 300-500 tail/m3；Pure oxygen oxygen supplement, oxygen content of water ＞ 7.6mg/L, 30% water circulation UV (ultraviolet)
Sterilization；
To the 41st day, when fry growth is to 3-5 centimetre, fry is moved to fingerling culturing pool, move pond from first day, continuous 3
My god, throw in 15ppm Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, 10ppm Rhodopseudomonas palustris daily, now fingerling can carry out the throwing of agreeable to the taste bait
Hello；Whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, and oxygen is sufficient, miniflow water, fingerling density
150-250 tail/m3；Pure oxygen oxygen supplement, oxygen content of water ＞ 7.6mg/L, 30% circulating water body is sterilized through UV；
When cultivation is to 8-10 centimetre, fingerling is moved to adult fish culture pond and carries out ecological cultivation, 80-150 tail/m3, training
Foster 180-220 days, throw in enough bait, feeding rate 13-18% daily：100 kilograms of fish daily requirements put into 13-18 kilogram of live bait
Material；With the growth of fry, the rate that feeds declines；The water discharged from adult fish culture pond is processed through water treatment technology；Whole training
Foster process keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, and oxygen is sufficient, miniflow water.
Water quality detection：Inventive samples collection and preservation are according to National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB12997-91《Water
Matter sampling plan design code》, National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB 12998-91《Water quality sampling technological guidance》, China
People's republic's standard GB/T 12999-91《The preservation of water quality sampling sample and management technique regulation》It is prepared for standard
And detection.Each stage start within last two days detect, continuous detecting 2 days, early, middle and late daily each detection 1 time, be averaged
Value, fishes for 20-30 tail fish at random and surveys length, average.
Result：
Table 1 zander hatch fish roe and fry growth stage water quality and growth monitoring table
Table 2 zander fingerling growth stage water quality and growth monitoring table
Table 3 zander adult fish growth stage water quality and growth monitoring table
Result above shows, the technical scheme of embodiment 1,2 obtains regulating water quality, purifies water source, provides bait, improves
The growth of fish, decreases the best effects of the pathogenetic probability of fish.And the comparison as shown by data of comparative example 1 and embodiment 1,2, green
Color rhodopseudomonas, capsula Rhodopseudomonas and brachionus plicatilis are in purifying aquaculture water quality, offer dissolved oxygen, minimizing fish diseasess
Evil risk, raising fish speed of growth aspect are than the work of Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, Rhodopseudomonas palustris and Branchionus urceus
With substantially deficiency；Comparative example 2 and the comparison as shown by data of embodiment 1,2, at fry, nurture of fish fingerlings initial stage, need to select key
Period feeds microorganism, to ensure preferably to improve the effect of water quality and nutrition；The effect of comparative example 3 is worst, and it is raised in fry
At the initial stage of feeding, splashed mode using bean milk, in adult fish stage culturing pool using spherical red containing embedding volume 20%-25%
Pseudomonass, the biomembranous sedimentation tank of polyethylene of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris of 10-15% and fluid bed, lead to cultivation water
Difference, the growth of impact fish.
It should be noted that, although the Fish that embodiment and comparative example are given are zander, but one skilled in the art will appreciate that
For rainbow trout, the Fish of the suitable circulating water cultivation such as fresh water Atlantic salmon, tilapia, arctic, this cultural method is equally applicable,
And according to different breeding kind, every water chemistry Con trolling index can be adjusted further.
Finally it should be noted that：The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention,
Although being described in detail to the present invention with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for a person skilled in the art, it still may be used
To modify to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent is carried out to wherein some technical characteristics.
All any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made etc., should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (25)
1. a kind of method for cultivation of fish is it is characterised in that the method includes：
（1）Collection fish fertilized egg, the fish nest being stained with germ cell is positioned over incubation tank, at 0.3 meter of the depth of water, controls water temperature 10-18
DEG C, the 15th after spawning hour, start to put into Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, Rhodopseudomonas palustris to incubation tank；
（2）The the 5th to the 30th day afterwards, throw in Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, Rhodopseudomonas palustris and daily input gyalectiform arm tail wheel
Worm；
（3）Started from the 31st day to the 40th day, throw in enough wheel animalcules and artemia larva daily, whole incubation keeps water body pH
Reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 2-3%, circulates miniflow water, oxygen is sufficient, fry density 300-500 tail/m3；
（4）To the 41st day, when fry growth is to 3-5 centimetre, fry is thrown to recirculated water fingerling culturing pool, moves pond first day
Rise, for three days on end, daily into blood circulation throw in Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, now fingerling carry out agreeable to the taste
The feeding of bait；Whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, and oxygen is sufficient, fingerling density
150-250 tail/m3；
（5）When cultivation is to 8-10 centimetre, fingerling is moved to recirculated water adult fish culture pond and carries out ecological cultivation, 80-150 tail/
m3, cultivate 180-220 days, throw in enough bait daily, now, from the water that adult fish culture pond is discharged is carried out through water treatment technology
Reason；Whole incubation keeps water body pH to reach 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 3-5%, and oxygen is sufficient.
2. cultural method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that step（3）In, pure oxygen oxygen supplement, oxygen content of water ＞
7.6mg/L, 30% water circulation UV is ultraviolet disinfection.
3. cultural method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that step（4）In, pure oxygen oxygen supplement, oxygen content of water ＞
7.6mg/L, 30% water circulation UV is ultraviolet disinfection.
4. cultural method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that step（5）In, feeding rate 13-18%：100 kilograms of fishes
Daily requirement puts into 13-18 kilogram of living bait.
5. cultural method according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that step（5）In, with the growth of fry, feeding rate
Decline.
6. cultural method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that step（5）In, from the water warp of adult fish culture pond discharge
Fluidized bed bio filter process, then through settler precipitation.
7. cultural method according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that step（5）In, settler and fluid bed contain embedding
The Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess of volume 20%-25%, the polyethylene biomembrane of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris of 10-15%.
8. the cultural method according to any one of claim 1-7 is it is characterised in that step（5）In water treatment technology adopt
With 6 grades of water treatment technologies, specially：
Adult fish culture pond and water treating pond connect as one, and water treating pond includes coarse filter, Microfilter pond, fluid bed, titanium dioxide
Carbon removal bed, settler, UV sterilization and pressurization pure oxygen oxygenation system, collecting-tank, form 6 grades of water treatment systems, wherein, coarse filter
Carry out 1 grade of water process, Microfilter pond carries out 2 grades of water process, fluid bed carries out 3 grades of water process, carbon dioxide removes bed and carries out 4 grades
Water process, settler carries out 5 grades of water process, and UV sterilization carries out 6 grades of water process with pressurization pure oxygen oxygenation system.
9. cultural method according to claim 8 is it is characterised in that carbon dioxide removal bedstead is located above fluid bed.
10. cultural method according to claim 8 is it is characterised in that UV sterilization is erected at pressurization pure oxygen oxygenation system
Above settler.
11. cultural methods according to claim 8 are it is characterised in that water treating pond also includes being arranged on coarse filter, microfiltration
Recoil wash pool between machine pond.
12. cultural methods according to claim 9 or 10 it is characterised in that water treating pond also include being arranged on coarse filter,
Recoil wash pool between Microfilter pond.
13. cultural methods according to claim 8 are it is characterised in that pass through coarse filter by the water in adult fish culture pond
Sieve bend enters in coarse filter, then accesses entrance Microfilter pond after Microfilter filters through conduit pipe.
14. cultural methods according to claim 13 it is characterised in that after the water in Microfilter pond enters fluidized bed, by
Water is extracted into carbon dioxide removal bed and carries out carbon dioxide removal by immersible pump, then enters into settler through water level control pipe, passes through
Surface overflow enters collecting-tank, is extracted out the water of collecting-tank by water pump, enters into UV disinfection system, after UV disinfection system
Enter oxygen cone, the water after above-mentioned 6 grades of water process returns again to adult fish culture pond.
15. cultural methods according to claim 14 are it is characterised in that the water in Microfilter pond enters through water level control pipe
Fluid bed.
16. according to the arbitrary described cultural method of claim 13-15 it is characterised in that
1. remove the particulate matter of 40 mesh/above per square inch through sieve bend coarse filtration, particulate matter be discharged to backwash at the bottom of pond portion with
And the sewage sump of settler precipitation plate bottom；
2. the water body through first time coarse filtration enters Microfilter, does 40-160 mesh/particulate matter removal per square inch twice, crosses and filter off
After rinse spray system within Microfilter for the particulate matter removing is collected through backwash, it is exhausted directly to settler precipitation plate bottom
Sewage sump；
3. water body enters fluidized bed, through fluidized bed bio filter process, Organic substance is converted into carbon dioxide, completes by albumen
The oxidation decomposition course of → peptide → aminoacid → ammonia nitrogen → nitrite → nitrate, nitrogen transformation is nitrate；In this link
Complete water body homoiothermic；
4. the part water body entering fluidized bed removes removing carbon dioxide through carbon dioxide removal bed, and carbon dioxide is discharged by air channel,
The current after removing carbon dioxide are gone to be back to fluid bed；
5. the water body after fluid bed digestion process imports sedimentation tank biological bed bottom bypass channel is settler, further through settler
The aging compound Mycoderma that digestion, retention, precipitation come off, blowdown；Settler and fluid bed contain the spherical of embedding volume 20%-25%
Rhodopseudomonas, the polyethylene biomembrane of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris of 10-15%, the water body after digestion process enters collecting-tank；
6. in collecting-tank, 20-30% water body enters after UV disinfection system through water pump lifting, enters pressurization pure oxygen oxygenation system and pure oxygen
It is mixed with over-saturation dissolved oxygen water, exports oxygen content of water ＞ 25mg/L, enter the circulation of adult fish culture pond；Whole recirculated water keeps
Water body pH reaches 7.5-8.0, daily rate of water exchange 5-8%, recirculated water oxygen content ＞ 7.6mg/L；Above-mentioned over-saturation dissolved oxygen water with catchment
Other water bodys in pond, after entrance adult fish culture pond water inlet manifold front end is uniform through jet mixing, enter the circulation of adult fish culture pond.
17. cultural methods according to claim 16 it is characterised in that step 2. in, it is heavy that Microfilter backwashing water is taken from
Shallow lake bed supernatant recycles.
18. cultural methods according to claim 16 it is characterised in that step 4. in, enter the 10-20% water of fluidized bed
Body removes bed through carbon dioxide and removes removing carbon dioxide.
19. cultural methods according to claim 16 it is characterised in that step 6. in, using alkali liquor automatization adjustment, root
Inject 100% sodium hydroxide solution according to PH Monitoring Data.
20. according to claim 1-7,9-11, the arbitrary described cultural method of 13-15,17-19 it is characterised in that in step
（1）In, put into Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, the concentration of Rhodopseudomonas palustris is respectively：35-40ppm and 10-15ppm；In step
（2）In, put into Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, the concentration of Rhodopseudomonas palustris is respectively：10-15ppm, 7-8ppm, daily input
10-20/ml Branchionus urceus；In step（4）In, put into Rhodopseudomonas spheroidess, the concentration of Rhodopseudomonas palustris is divided
It is not：10-15ppm、5-10ppm.
21. cultural methods according to claim 20 are it is characterised in that in step（1）In, put into spherical red vacation unit cell
Bacterium, the concentration of Rhodopseudomonas palustris are respectively：35ppm and 15ppm.
22. cultural methods according to claim 20 are it is characterised in that in step（2）In, put into spherical red vacation unit cell
Bacterium, the concentration of Rhodopseudomonas palustris are respectively：12 ppm、8ppm.
23. cultural methods according to claim 20 are it is characterised in that in step（2）In, daily input 20/ml kettle
Shape Brachionus.
24. cultural methods according to claim 20 are it is characterised in that in step（4）In, put into spherical red vacation unit cell
Bacterium, the concentration of Rhodopseudomonas palustris are respectively：15ppm、10ppm.
25. according to claim 1-7,9-11, the arbitrary described cultural method of 13-15,17-19,21-24 it is characterised in that institute
The Fish stated are the Fish being suitable for circulating water cultivation, including zander, rainbow trout, fresh water Atlantic salmon, tilapia, the arctic, according to
Different breeding kind, every water chemistry Con trolling index scalable.
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| CN105165665A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-12-23 | 佛山市顺德区德心和水产养殖有限公司 | Aquaculture method and aquaculture system |
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| CN111434221A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-21 | 浙江北冥有渔环境科技有限公司 | Method for efficiently culturing tilapia mossambica by circulating in pond in mid-latitude area |
| CN110178784B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2024-03-01 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Circular-mouth copper fish circulating water culture system |
| CN111296330B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-10-08 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Device and method for breeding parent fish of bream with snout and obtaining fertilized eggs |
| CN114747513A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-07-15 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | High-density cultivation method for early juvenile fishes of brachymystax lenok |
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