CN104521383A - Corn seed manure simultaneous-application prescription fertilizer applicator and fertilizer application method - Google Patents
Corn seed manure simultaneous-application prescription fertilizer applicator and fertilizer application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521383A CN104521383A CN201410776743.8A CN201410776743A CN104521383A CN 104521383 A CN104521383 A CN 104521383A CN 201410776743 A CN201410776743 A CN 201410776743A CN 104521383 A CN104521383 A CN 104521383A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizer application and particularly relates to a corn seed manure simultaneous-application prescription fertilizer applicator and a fertilizer application method. A fertilizer box of the fertilizer applicator consists of secondary fertilizer boxes which are arranged side by side from front to back; each row of fertilizer outlets of the secondary fertilizer box respectively correspond to fertilizer application shoves; the bottom of each fertilizer application shovel is provided with a shallow-layer fertilizer outlet and a deep-layer fertilizer outlet which are arranged up and down; a shallow-layer fertilizer passage and a deep-layer fertilizer passage are arranged inside each fertilizer application shovel; each fertilizer outlet of the secondary fertilizer boxes is connected with each shallow-layer fertilizer passage or each deep-layer fertilizer passage; during fertilizer application, fertilizers are respectively fed into each secondary fertilizer box according to the requirements on shallow-layer fertilizer application and deep-layer fertilizer application by automatically making a prescription so as to realize layered composite fertilizer application. According to the required prescription of crops, the fertilizer application cost is effectively lowered, the utilization efficiency of nutrients is improved and ecological environment is protected; fertilizer application is flexibly performed according to the prescription and is not limited by agricultural acreage; the fertilizer application method is high in flexibility and high in multiplicity with a soil measurement prescription.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural fertilizer technical field, particularly a kind of corn seed fertilizer is with broadcasting formula fertilizer distributor and fertilizing method.
Background technology
China's fertilization compositions based on earth measurement project carries out more than ten years so far, and composite fertilizer of China amount of having a net increase of accounts for 68% of the chemical fertilizer amount of having a net increase of.Whole nation compound (mixing) fertile number of the enterprise is more than 3000, and enterprise's average yield is less than 10,000 tons; Product quality is uneven.Compound (mixing) fertilizer is produced through various different process by N P and K three kinds of straight fertilizers, than the straight fertilizer price mean height 29% waiting nutrient.A large amount of investigational data shows that compound (mixing) fertilizer expenditure accounts for 55% of fertilizer total expenditure.Not only expend the huge energy in the production process that compound (mixing) is fertile, also can cause the pollution of environment.Current China fertilizer industry production capacity is seriously superfluous, and the industrial structure is unreasonable.All present situations cause the energy, the wasting of resources, ecological environmental pollution, and peasant applies fertilizer into and can be in any more, the sustainable development of serious restriction China agricultural.
Corn seed fertilizer is utilize corn seed fertilizer sower that corn seed and chemical fertilizer are sown into a kind of operator scheme in field simultaneously with broadcasting technology.This technology is liked by peasant deeply because of saving of work and time, is now extensively adopted by main maize area peasant.The fertilizer used due to this technology is mainly compound (mixing) fertilizer.According to statistics, national compound (mixing) fertile enterprise agronomy formula more than more than 30,000, scientific formulation is not strong, and existing formula and fertilization compositions based on earth measurement recommended formula multiplicity are less than 3%.The fertile formula of compound (mixing) not science to have a strong impact on the fertilising of this technology scientific.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of corn seed fertilizer with broadcasting formula fertilizer distributor and fertilizing method, can effectively reduce formula fertilizer complex manufacturing, energy consumption is large, heavy-polluted problem.
Corn seed fertilizer of the present invention, with broadcasting formula fertilizer distributor, adopts following technical scheme:
This fertilizer distributor comprises girder, driving mechanism, is arranged on kind case on girder and fertile case, with plant that the seeding that case is connected is shoveled, the press wheel of the fertilising pipe be connected with fertile case, the fertilizer application spade be connected with the pipe that applies fertilizer and seeding shovel and fertilizer application spade bottom;
The fertile case of the son that described fertile case is arranged side by side by m front and back forms, and arranges a fertilization axle respectively, and arrange n fertilizer outlet along the axis of sub fertile case in the fertile case of every height; N row are lined up in the fertilizer outlet alignment of the fertile case of each height; Fertilizer application spade and chimes shovel are n, and each row fertilizer outlet of sub fertile case is corresponding with fertilizer application spade respectively; The bottom rear of fertilizer application spade arranges the shallow-layer fertilizer outlet and deep layer fertilizer outlet that are arranged above and below, the shallow-layer fertilizer passage be communicated with shallow-layer fertilizer outlet is set in fertilizer application spade, and the deep layer fertilizer passage to be communicated with deep layer fertilizer outlet, the top of fertilizer application spade arranges fertilizer entrance; Each fertilizer outlet of the sub fertile case of i-th row is managed and the shallow-layer fertilizer passage of fertilizer application spade or deep layer fertilizer expanding channels respectively by fertilising;
Wherein, m equals the fertilizer type quantity applied, and n is corn planting line number, and i is the positive integer being not more than n.
The fertile case of described son is divided into nitrogenous fertilizer case, phosphate fertilizer case, potash fertilizer case and long-acting nitrogen fertilizer case.
The fertilizer outlet of described nitrogenous fertilizer case, phosphate fertilizer case and potash fertilizer case is respectively by the shallow-layer fertilizer expanding channels of fertilising pipe with fertilizer application spade, and the fertilizer outlet of long-acting nitrogen fertilizer case is all by the deep layer fertilizer expanding channels of fertilising pipe with fertilizer application spade.
The fertilising pipe of described phosphate fertilizer case is between nitrogenous fertilizer case and the fertilising pipe of potash fertilizer case.
The fertilization axle of the fertile case of described each son is positioned at the homonymy of casing, is connected with driving mechanism by chain.
The fertile amount that goes out of the fertile case of described each son is regulated by the aperture of fertilizer outlet or the length of fertilization axle.
Fertilizing method provided by the invention, mainly for corn seeding, need the fertilizer applied to be nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and long-acting nitrogen fertilizer four kinds, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) nitrogenous fertilizer case, phosphate fertilizer case, potash fertilizer case and long-acting nitrogen fertilizer case load corresponding fertilizer respectively;
(2) according to crop species, soil nutrient supply rule, survey native data and formulate Application Ratio, and regulate the fertile case of each corresponding son go out fertile speed;
(3) nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer apply fertilizer with layer, and fertilization depth is 8 ~ 15 centimetres;
(4) long-acting nitrogen fertilizer fertilization depth is 15 ~ 20 centimetres, realizes the corn later stage not topdress;
(5) controlling the corn seeding degree of depth by press wheel is 3 ~ 5 centimetres.
Described fertilizer is solid particulate fertilizer, large-particle fertilizer better effects if.
The fertilizer line at described fertilizer place and the sowing line interval 5 ~ 8cm at seed place.
Described fertilizer distributor is driven by tractor, and the pace of tractor is 4km/h ~ 6km/h, is preferably 5km/h.
Because the fertilising pipe of phosphate fertilizer case is between nitrogenous fertilizer case and the fertilising pipe of potash fertilizer case, therefore from the azophoska that shallow-layer fertilizer outlet is sent, phosphate fertilizer is in intermediate layer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) save the energy, manure resources, preserve the ecological environment;
(2) Formula fertilization by soil testing is adopted, formula flexibly, the required formula of crop all can realize, flexibility ratio is far away higher than the formula fertilizer that compound (mixing) fertile enterprise produces, effectively can solve formula fertilizer and the low problem of fertilization compositions based on earth measurement recommended formula multiplicity that compound (mixing) fertile enterprise produces, solve the problem of the scientific formula fertilizer restriction by the production of compound (mixing) fertile enterprise, increase production and improve productivity;
(3) do not limit by arable area, meet Chinese smallholder's Small burden agricultural national conditions;
(4) use simple substance fertilizer, reduce agricultural fertilizer cost, improve nutrientuse efficiency;
(5) common nitrogenous fertilizer is combined with long-acting nitrogen fertilizer and uses, and realizes corn single-dose application, saving of labor, save time, abridged edition, volume increase, synergy;
(6) effectively can reduce phosphate fertilizer and soil contact amasss, and then reduce the fixing probability of phosphate fertilizer chemistry, improve phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the fertile box structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is structure and the fertilization depth schematic diagram of fertilizer application spade;
Fig. 3 is structure and the sowing depth schematic diagram of seeding shovel.
Number in the figure:
1-nitrogenous fertilizer case; 2-phosphate fertilizer case; 3-potash fertilizer case; 4-long-acting nitrogen fertilizer case; 5-fertilization axle; 6-fertilizer outlet; 7-fertilizer application spade; 8-shallow-layer fertilizer passage; 9-deep layer fertilizer passage; 10-shallow-layer fertilizer outlet; 11-deep layer fertilizer outlet; 12-press wheel; 13-chimes shovels; 14-seed export.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of corn seed fertilizer with broadcasting formula fertilizer distributor and fertilizing method, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
This fertilizer distributor comprises girder, driving mechanism, is arranged on kind case on girder and fertile case, with plant that the seeding that case is connected is shoveled, the press wheel of the fertilising pipe be connected with fertile case, the fertilizer application spade be connected with the pipe that applies fertilizer and seeding shovel and fertilizer application spade bottom.Except fertile case and fertilizer application spade, other structures of fertilizer distributor are identical with ordinary maize seed manure planter, are only described in detail distinguishing fertile case and fertilizer application spade here.
The fertile case of the son that fertile case is arranged side by side by 4 front and back forms, and is respectively nitrogenous fertilizer case 1, phosphate fertilizer case 2, potash fertilizer case 3 and long-acting nitrogen fertilizer case 4.In the fertile case of every height, a fertilization axle 5 is set respectively, and 4 fertilizer outlets 6 are set along the axis of sub fertile case; 4 row are lined up in fertilizer outlet 6 alignment of the fertile case of each height; Fertilizer application spade 7 and chimes shovel 13 are 4, and each row fertilizer outlet 6 of sub fertile case is corresponding with fertilizer application spade 7 respectively; The bottom rear of fertilizer application spade 7 arranges the shallow-layer fertilizer outlet 10 and deep layer fertilizer outlet 11 that are arranged above and below, the shallow-layer fertilizer passage 8 be communicated with shallow-layer fertilizer outlet 10 is set in fertilizer application spade 7, and the deep layer fertilizer passage 9 to be communicated with deep layer fertilizer outlet 11, the top of fertilizer application spade 7 arranges fertilizer entrance; Each row fertilizer outlet 6 of the fertile case of son is managed respectively by fertilising and is connected with the shallow-layer fertilizer passage 8 of fertilizer application spade 7 or deep layer fertilizer passage 9.The fertilization axle 5 of the fertile case of each son stretches out from the same side of casing, and is connected with driving mechanism by chain.
The fertilizer outlet of nitrogenous fertilizer case 1, phosphate fertilizer case 2 and potash fertilizer case 3 is connected with the shallow-layer fertilizer passage 8 of fertilizer application spade 7 by fertilising pipe respectively, and the fertilizer outlet of long-acting nitrogen fertilizer case 4 is all connected with the deep layer fertilizer passage 9 of fertilizer application spade 7 by fertilising pipe.The fertilising pipe of phosphate fertilizer case 2 is between nitrogenous fertilizer case 1 and the fertilising pipe of potash fertilizer case 3.
The power of this fertilizer distributor is provided by matching tractor, adopts trifilar suspension mode to be connected with matching tractor.Pull press wheel 12 in the process that tractor advances, drive fertilization axle 5 to rotate by the rolling of driving wheel.Fertilization axle 5 controls the sowing amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, long-acting nitrogen fertilizer in four fertile casees, also can control out fertile amount by the aperture of fertilizer outlet 6.
Concrete steps for corn seeding fertilising are as follows:
(1) nitrogenous fertilizer case 1, phosphate fertilizer case 2, potash fertilizer case 3 and long-acting nitrogen fertilizer case 4 load corresponding fertilizer respectively;
(2) according to crop species, soil nutrient supply rule, survey native data and formulate Application Ratio, and regulate the fertile case of each corresponding son go out fertile speed;
(3) nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer apply fertilizer with layer, and controlling fertilization depth by press wheel 12 is 8 ~ 15 centimetres;
(4) controlling long-acting nitrogen fertilizer fertilization depth by press wheel 12 is 15 ~ 20 centimetres, realizes the corn later stage not topdress;
(5) seed is discharged from the seed export 14 of chimes shovel 13, then to control the corn seeding degree of depth by press wheel 12 be 3 ~ 5 centimetres; The fertilizer line at fertilizer place and the sowing line interval 5 ~ 8cm at seed place.
Fertilizer used is solid particulate fertilizer, large-particle fertilizer better effects if.Regulate fertilizing amount and fix fertilization axle adjuster, need not regulated fertilization axle again in the field seeding and fertilizing process of same formula.Observe fertilizer amount in fertile case in use procedure, time not enough, add corresponding fertilizer to fertile case.
The fertilizer applied is divided into two-layer, and nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are shallow-layer, and long-acting nitrogen fertilizer is deep layer, realize the demand that single-dose application meets corn nutrient in whole vegetative period.Join fertilizer not restrict by arable area with fertilising.
Claims (9)
1. a corn seed fertilizer is with broadcasting formula fertilizer distributor, comprise girder, driving mechanism, be arranged on kind case on girder and fertile case, with plant that the seeding that case is connected is shoveled, the press wheel of the fertilising pipe be connected with fertile case, the fertilizer application spade be connected with the pipe that applies fertilizer and seeding shovel and fertilizer application spade bottom, it is characterized in that:
The fertile case of the son that described fertile case is arranged side by side by m front and back forms, and arranges a fertilization axle respectively, and arrange n fertilizer outlet along the axis of sub fertile case in the fertile case of every height; N row are lined up in the fertilizer outlet alignment of the fertile case of each height; Fertilizer application spade and chimes shovel are n, and each row fertilizer outlet of sub fertile case is corresponding with fertilizer application spade respectively; The bottom rear of fertilizer application spade arranges the shallow-layer fertilizer outlet and deep layer fertilizer outlet that are arranged above and below, the shallow-layer fertilizer passage be communicated with shallow-layer fertilizer outlet is set in fertilizer application spade, and the deep layer fertilizer passage to be communicated with deep layer fertilizer outlet, the top of fertilizer application spade arranges fertilizer entrance; Each fertilizer outlet of the sub fertile case of i-th row is managed and the shallow-layer fertilizer passage of fertilizer application spade or deep layer fertilizer expanding channels respectively by fertilising;
Wherein, m equals the fertilizer type quantity applied, and n is corn planting line number, and i is the positive integer being not more than n.
2. a kind of corn seed fertilizer according to claim 1 is with broadcasting formula fertilizer distributor, and it is characterized in that, the fertile case of described son is divided into nitrogenous fertilizer case, phosphate fertilizer case, potash fertilizer case and long-acting nitrogen fertilizer case.
3. a kind of corn seed fertilizer according to claim 2 is with broadcasting formula fertilizer distributor, it is characterized in that, the fertilizer outlet of described nitrogenous fertilizer case, phosphate fertilizer case and potash fertilizer case is respectively by the shallow-layer fertilizer expanding channels of fertilising pipe with fertilizer application spade, and the fertilizer outlet of long-acting nitrogen fertilizer case is all by the deep layer fertilizer expanding channels of fertilising pipe with fertilizer application spade.
4. a kind of corn seed fertilizer according to claim 1 is with broadcasting formula fertilizer distributor, and it is characterized in that, the fertilization axle of the fertile case of described each son is positioned at the homonymy of casing, is connected with driving mechanism by chain.
5. a kind of corn seed fertilizer according to claim 1 is with broadcasting formula fertilizer distributor, it is characterized in that, the fertile amount that goes out of the fertile case of described each son is regulated by the length of fertilization axle.
6., based on a fertilizing method for fertilizer distributor described in claim 3, it is characterized in that,
Nitrogenous fertilizer case, phosphate fertilizer case, potash fertilizer case and long-acting nitrogen fertilizer case load corresponding fertilizer respectively;
According to crop species, soil nutrient supply rule, survey native data and formulate Application Ratio, and regulate the fertile case of each corresponding son go out fertile speed;
Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer apply fertilizer with layer, and fertilization depth is 8 ~ 15 centimetres;
Long-acting nitrogen fertilizer fertilization depth is 15 ~ 20 centimetres, realizes the corn later stage not topdress.
7. fertilizing method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described fertilizer is solid particulate fertilizer.
8. fertilizing method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the fertilizer line at described fertilizer place and the sowing line interval 5 ~ 8cm at seed place.
9. fertilizing method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described fertilizer distributor is driven by tractor, and the pace of tractor is 4km/h ~ 6km/h.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410776743.8A CN104521383B (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2014-12-15 | Fertilizer application method of corn seed manure simultaneous-application prescription fertilizer |
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| CN201410776743.8A CN104521383B (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2014-12-15 | Fertilizer application method of corn seed manure simultaneous-application prescription fertilizer |
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| CN104521383A true CN104521383A (en) | 2015-04-22 |
| CN104521383B CN104521383B (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106857130A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-20 | 中国水稻研究所 | Rice mechanical transplanting single-dose application method |
| CN106888659A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-27 | 中国水稻研究所 | Paddy rice single-dose application method |
| CN114158332A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-11 | 山东理工大学 | Method for manufacturing normal state distribution type layered fertilizer applicator based on corn root distribution |
| CN115443863A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-09 | 陕西省农业技术推广总站 | Mechanical planting method for increasing density and yield of corn |
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Patent Citations (8)
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| CN106888659A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-27 | 中国水稻研究所 | Paddy rice single-dose application method |
| CN106857130A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-20 | 中国水稻研究所 | Rice mechanical transplanting single-dose application method |
| CN114158332A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-11 | 山东理工大学 | Method for manufacturing normal state distribution type layered fertilizer applicator based on corn root distribution |
| CN114158332B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-12-27 | 山东理工大学 | Method for manufacturing normal state distribution type layered fertilizer applicator based on corn root distribution |
| CN115443863A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-09 | 陕西省农业技术推广总站 | Mechanical planting method for increasing density and yield of corn |
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| CN104521383B (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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