CN104512966A - Artificial ecological floating island and water purification method for sewage treatment - Google Patents
Artificial ecological floating island and water purification method for sewage treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN104512966A CN104512966A CN201410803870.2A CN201410803870A CN104512966A CN 104512966 A CN104512966 A CN 104512966A CN 201410803870 A CN201410803870 A CN 201410803870A CN 104512966 A CN104512966 A CN 104512966A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
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Abstract
The invention relates to an artificial ecological floating island for sewage treatment. The artificial ecological floating island comprises a particle filler layer which is positioned in a framework of a light box body; a plurality of light wave-shaped strip skeletons are fixed to the particle filler layer in an interweaving manner, have the same waveforms, and are arranged in parallel on the particle filler layer so as to form a wave-shaped surface with the same waveform; the wave-shaped surface is divided into three areas, namely, an upper wave surface, a middle wave surface and a lower wave surface, by the particle filler layer; a photocatalytic material-loaded activated carbon fiber felt is paved on the upper wave surface; a common activated carbon fiber felt or the photocatalytic material-loaded activated carbon fiber felt is paved on each of the middle wave surface and the lower wave surface. The artificial ecological floating island can conduct deep treatment on a water environment, has the functions of removing nitrogen and removing phosphorus, and can also conduct effective treatment on the hard-degraded organic pollutants on a surface layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial ecological floating island for sewage disposal and process for purifying water, belong to field of sewage treatment.
Background technology
Due to the urban operating mechanism also imperfection of current China, the undressed sanitary sewage of a larger part, trade effluent are direct or enter in the receiving water body such as river, lake along rainwater; Meanwhile, due to the mechanize of agricultural and a large amount of uses of agriculture chemical, a large amount of waste water also enters in rivers and lakes, causes the deterioration of water surrounding, and the nitrogen in sewage, phosphorus easily cause body eutrophication.The water source such as industrial sewage, rural sewage is mingled with some specific pollutants, and as amides, amino formate, phenoxy carboxylic acid, benzene class etc., comparatively difficult degradation, is easily brought into biologic chain, causes serious consequence.The shortage of water resources and water quality deterioration make the ecosystem of water surrounding be seriously damaged, and are current problem demanding prompt solutions to the repairing and treating of water surrounding.The purification techniques of current water body mainly contains aeration oxygen replenishing, plant revetment reparation band, artificial swamp, technology of biological membrane, artificial floating island technology etc.Use ecological reestablishment can purify water, improve the ecosystem, and more economical feasible compared with physics, chemical process, the artificial floating island technology in restoration of the ecosystem is high compared with its reduced investment of additive method, handiness, to advantages such as water body purification are effective.But for the advanced treatment of water body and not ideal enough to the treatment effect of the specific pollutant compared with difficult degradation.
The present invention is on existing artificial floating island basis, and develop method and the device of a kind of novel artificial floating island water body purification, this invention is applicable to the advanced treatment of water body, meanwhile, has good effect in water body compared with the removal of the specific pollutant of difficult degradation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sewage treating artificial ecological floating island and process for purifying water, advanced treatment can be carried out to water surrounding, have denitrogenation dephosphorizing function concurrently, and also can effectively process top layer Persistent organic pollutants.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of sewage treating artificial ecological floating island, comprise a lightweight box body framework, a screen cloth is established in the bottom surface of described lightweight box body framework, screen cloth is filled with one deck granular filler, form granular filler layer, the upper surface of described granular filler layer is provided with a retaining plate, and described retaining plate is provided with the implantation hole for planting waterplant; Described granular filler layer interts and is fixed with many lightweight waveform strip skeletons; Described many waveform strip skeleton waveforms are identical and arranged in parallel on granular filler layer, form the wavy surface of same waveform; Described wavy surface is separated into upper corrugated, middle corrugated and region, three, lower corrugated by described granular filler layer; Upper corrugated protrudes from described retaining plate, and middle corrugated is positioned at described granular filler layer, and lower corrugated protrudes under described screen cloth; The active carbon fiber felt that load has photocatalyst material is laid on described upper corrugated, middle corrugated and lower corrugated is laid the active carbon fiber felt that normal activated carbon fibrefelt or load have photocatalyst material.
Wherein,
Preferably, the waveform of described lightweight waveform strip skeleton is arc-shaped wave, choppy sea or square wave etc.
Preferably, described many lightweight waveform strip skeletons are equidistantly arranged in parallel.
Preferably, described lightweight waveform strip skeleton is made up of light material, as bamboo cane or by thermoplasticity light material.
Width and the thickness of described waveform strip skeleton do not have specific requirement, support described active carbon fiber felt as long as play, and firmly.
Preferably, described photocatalyst material is selected from nano-TiO
2, nano-ZnO, nanometer WO
3and nanometer Fe
2o
3deng photocatalyst material.Carrying method adopts prior art; As can reference " activated carbon fiber-loaded TiO
2the preparation of film and the photocatalytic degradation to methylene blue ", author person you victory; Or with reference to Master's thesis " research of ZnO/ activated carbon fibrous composite ", author Zhang Zongjian, University Of Ji'nan.
Preferred, described photocatalyst material is selected from nano-TiO
2.
Preferably, described load has the thickness of the active carbon fiber felt of photocatalyst material to be 3 ~ 8mm; The thickness of described normal activated carbon fibrefelt is 3 ~ 8mm.
Photocatalysis technology, has the advantages such as nontoxic, safety, good stability, catalytic activity are high, instant effect, energy consumption are low, reusable.The photocatalyst studied comprises TiO
2, ZnO, WO
3and Fe
2o
3deng, and nano-TiO
2because activity is high, good stability, low to human non-toxic, cost, very large effect can be played in wastewater treatment (degraded of organic pollutant and mineral ion, purifying air and sterilization) etc.
When described ecological floating island uses, waveform skeleton entirety immersed in sewage, the load that upper corrugated is laid has the active carbon fiber felt of photocatalyst material fully to adsorb top layer organic pollutant; When upper corrugated, material protrudes from more than the water surface, and in the sun or under uv irradiation, organic DeR speed is fast, several minutes by several hours organic degraded namely accused.Meanwhile, because the degraded of photocatalysis technology to pollutent does not have selectivity, can degrade any organism, particularly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyl also can by normal cleavage, and final degradable is CO
2and H
2o, eliminate secondary pollution, the degraded for Recalcitrant chemicals is an effective way.
The active carbon fiber felt in region, lower corrugated, be placed in water for a long time, activated carbon fiber (ACF) can promote the degraded of water pollutant, because ACF has microvoid structure, specific surface area is large, and the direct opening of hole is at fiber surface, the path of pollutent arrival adsorption potential is compared with active carbon filler or generally fibrous packing is shorter.After ACF biofilm, microorganism is mainly wrapped in the surface of fibrous bundle, or growth is between fibrous bundle and bundle, and adopt ACF, its processed in units amount can reach 1600mL/g, and active carbon filler conventional is at present only 500mL/g.
Preferably, described granular filler is selected from haydite, zeolite granular, quartz sand etc., and particle diameter is at 1 ~ 50mm, and preferable particle size is 10 ~ 20mm.
Granular filler layer supports the effect of fixed waveform bar skeleton except playing, also for the set of root system of plant, meanwhile, owing to being filled with particulate matter, for microbial growth provides carrier, form abundant micropopulation; Because root system absorbs oxygen consumption to pollutent, on filler, the absorption degradation process of microbe consumes oxygen, defines anaerobic environment, is conducive to removing nitrogen pollutant.Part inorganic substance in the packing materials such as haydite, as compositions such as silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, can be removed the phosphorus in water body, improve the phosphorus ligands ability of artificial floating island by adsorption coprecipitation effect.
Preferably, described lightweight box body framework is made up of light material.Described light material is selected from the materials such as plastics tubing, thick bamboo tube, polystyrene foam, is conducive to the buoyancy improving chinampa.
Preferably, foam-plastic blocks is fixed with, for increasing the buoyancy on chinampa further in the surrounding of described lightweight box body framework.
Preferably, multiple ball float or floating drum is had in the surrounding symmetric system of described lightweight box body framework.
Preferably, the height of described granular filler layer is 200 ~ 800mm; Cross-sectional dimension is not particularly limited, and can select flexibly according to actual needs.
Preferably, the vertical height on described upper corrugated is 100 ~ 300mm.
Preferably, the vertical height on described lower corrugated is 400 ~ 1200mm.
Preferably, described lightweight waveform strip skeleton, along waveform developing direction, wave length is 6 ~ 12m/m slant range.
Preferably, described lightweight box body framework is rectangular structure; The waveform developing direction of described lightweight waveform strip skeleton is parallel with one side of described rectangular structure.
Preferably, on described retaining plate, the perforate density of implantation hole is 25 ~ 80/m2.
Preferably, the diameter of described implantation hole is 40 ~ 150mm.
On the basis of described sewage treating artificial ecological floating island, the present invention further provides a kind of ecological floating island process for purifying water, comprise the following steps:
(1) described artificial ecological floating island is floated in pending sewage, and make the waveform developing direction of waveform strip skeleton with
The direction of current is perpendicular;
(2) by external force, make the load that corrugated is laid have the active carbon fiber felt of photocatalyst material to be immersed in absorb polluted matter in sewage, and keep for some time;
(3) remove external force, make the load that corrugated is laid have the active carbon fiber felt of photocatalyst material to be exposed to the pollutent carrying out photocatalysis Decomposition absorption in air;
Wherein,
Preferably, in step (1), in the implantation hole of described artificial ecological floating island, plantation has the waterplant with water purification function, and plant root is immersed in water body.
Preferably, the waterplant described in water purification function is selected from a kind of or several arbitrarily combination in Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, Herba Eleusines Indicae, Shi Yingpu, Medulla Junci, chrysanthemum mandarin duck tail, cattail, Canna generalis Bailey, arrowhead, common calla.
Preferably, in the hole of described implantation hole, add the waterplant of flexible materials for fixing described plantation.Described flexible materials is selected from sponge, polystyrene foam.
Preferably, the water bottom of described artificial ecological floating island surrounding is symmetrically arranged with multiple anchoring pile, anchoring pile is the location steel cable having a length fixing, and the free end of location steel cable is connected with a collar; On described artificial ecological floating island, be have many length-adjustable adjustment steel cables corresponding with described anchoring pile position; Described adjustment steel cable regulates the collar on steel cable through correspondence position, free end is around on the roller that is positioned on the bank, applies external force by regulating the mode around the length of the adjustment steel cable on roller to described chinampa.By described anchoring pile, location steel cable and the mating reaction regulating steel cable, under external force, pull along roller or loosen adjustment steel cable, the object regulating the described position of sewage treating artificial ecological floating island in water body can be reached.The length of location steel cable can be determined according to the depth of water.
As another location control method, by the mode increasing or reduce weight on described sewage treating artificial ecological floating island, external force is applied to described chinampa.
Step (2), the degree of depth of described sewage treating artificial ecological floating island submergence and time can be determined according to integrated conditions such as the sizes on the kind of coated nano-photo catalytic active-carbon fibre material, water quality, the depth of water and chinampa itself.
Can repeating step (2) and (3), repeatedly repeat absorption and degraded.
Technique effect of the present invention and advantage are:
1. photocatalysis technology applies in artificial floating island technology by the present invention, has good removal effect for the Persistent organic pollutants in water body.
2. the present invention's application photocatalysis technology, has the advantages such as nontoxic, safety, good stability, catalytic activity are high, instant effect, energy consumption are low, reusable.
3. the present invention utilizes the special construction of activated carbon fiber, has specific surface area large, the advantage that biofilm is effective, increases microbial biomass, has good result to the removal of pollutent.
4. the present invention is arranged by the density of different zones filler, forms anoxic and aerobic zone, is conducive to denitrogenation; And utilize the co-precipitation performance of granular filler inorganic substance and phosphorus, to remove the phosphorus in sewage, thus realize the denitrogenation dephosphorizing function to sewage.
5. the present invention adopts and makes the skeleton structure of water pollutant efficient degradation, can meet the abundant contact of sewage, activated carbon fiber be covered on it, not cracky meanwhile, thus improves activated carbon fiber work-ing life.
6. the present invention can effectively improve body eutrophication situation, improves the impact of Recalcitrant chemicals on biologic chain, has vital role to the purification of water surrounding.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The vertical sectional view of Fig. 1 embodiment 1 sewage treating artificial ecological floating island (along waveform developing direction)
Fig. 2 embodiment 1 sewage treating artificial ecological floating island vertical view
The vertical sectional view of Fig. 3 embodiment 2 sewage treating artificial ecological floating island (along waveform developing direction)
Reference numeral:
1, waterplant; 2, retaining plate; 3, upper corrugated; 4, middle corrugated; 5, lower corrugated; 6, granular filler layer; 7, lightweight box body framework; 8, screen cloth; 9, foam-plastic blocks; 10, ball float; 11, location steel cable; 12, regulate steel cable; 13, anchoring pile; 14, roller; 15, implantation hole.
Embodiment
Below by way of specific specific examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described.Should be understood that one or more method stepss that the present invention mentions do not repel and before and after described combination step, also to there is additive method step or can also insert additive method step between these steps clearly mentioned; Should also be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.And, except as otherwise noted, the numbering of various method steps is only the convenient tool differentiating various method steps, but not be ordering or the enforceable scope of restriction the present invention of restriction various method steps, the change of its relativeness or adjustment, when changing technology contents without essence, when being also considered as the enforceable category of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Artificial ecological floating island, as shown in Figure 1, comprise a lightweight box body framework 7, a screen cloth 8 is established in the bottom surface of described lightweight box body framework 7, screen cloth 8 is filled with one deck granular filler, form granular filler layer 6, the upper surface of described granular filler layer 6 is provided with a retaining plate 2, and described retaining plate 2 is provided with the implantation hole 15 for planting waterplant; Described granular filler layer 6 interts and is fixed with many lightweight sinusoidal waveform bar skeletons; Described many lightweight sinusoidal waveform bar skeleton waveforms are identical and arranged in parallel on described granular filler layer 6, form the wavy surface of same waveform; Described wavy surface is separated into upper corrugated 3, middle corrugated 4 and region, 5 three, lower corrugated by described granular filler layer 6; Upper corrugated 3 protrudes from described retaining plate 2, and middle corrugated 4 is positioned at described granular filler layer 6; Lower corrugated 5 protrudes under described screen cloth 8; The active carbon fiber felt that load has photocatalyst material is laid on described upper corrugated 3, middle corrugated 4 and lower corrugated 5 are equipped with normal activated carbon fibrefelt.Waveform strip akeleton waves in soils sigmoid curve length is 8.6m/m slant range; Lightweight box body framework 7 is cuboid, is of a size of: length × wide × height=2.0m × 1.5m × 0.6m, is made up of plastics tubing; Length direction along described lightweight box body framework 7 arranges a sinusoidal waveform bar skeleton every 500mm, totally 5; Described waveform strip skeleton adopts bamboo cane to make, and every bar skeleton bamboo cane consumption is about 13m (being equivalent to unit distance wave length × lightweight box body framework 7 width), the wide 35mm of bamboo cane; The granular filler of filling is biological ceramic particle, and grain diameter is at 10 ~ 30mm, and granular filler floor height 600mm, the aperture of the implantation hole 15 that the retaining plate 2 that top layer is installed is offered is 8cm, and waterplant 1 is planted in skeleton sunken regions, and perforate density is 43/m
2; Loaded optic catalyst nano-TiO on the active carbon fiber felt that upper corrugated 3 is laid
2, i.e. ACF-TiO
2, vertically height 250mm; Preparation method is as follows:
Choose existing ACF felt on market, thickness 4mm, through 120 DEG C of drying treatment 2h, the moisture of removing surface adsorption.Be placed in the solution of volume ratio V (tetrabutyl titanate): V (dehydrated alcohol)=2: 5 and flood.Then put it in the temperature programming stove that preheating dewaters, pass into high pure nitrogen and purge and slowly heat up and ethanol is volatilized remove.When temperature rises to 200 DEG C, with the high pure nitrogen of appropriate flow rate overheated steam brought into and make tetrabutyl titanate generation hydrolysis reaction, generate amorphous TiO
2film.Last under nitrogen protection to the calcination processing of this supported catalyst at 650 DEG C of temperature, cool gradually after calcining at constant temperature 2h, making load has nano-TiO
2aCF-TiO
2material; (reference " activated carbon fiber-loaded TiO
2the preparation of film and the photocatalytic degradation to methylene blue ", author person you victory)
The vertical height of the interspersed normal activated carbon fibrefelt (being namely layed on middle corrugated 4) be fixed in granular filler layer 6 is 600mm, thick 4mm; Common waveform active carbon fiber felt height 800mm, thick 4mm that lower corrugated 5 is laid.In implantation hole 15, plantation has the waterplant cattail of water purification function, and granular filler layer 6, as the fixing attachment region of root system of plant, after plant growing, is fixed by biological potsherd filling.Artificial floating island periphery foam-plastic blocks 9 is fixed, and provides certain buoyancy.Outside the framework of chinampa, fasten ball float 10 simultaneously, improve buoyancy further.This ball float 10 is convenient to dismounting, can play certain regulating effect to the lifting of artificial ecological floating island.This device is put into the river course containing agricultural effluent, and makes the waveform developing direction of waveform strip skeleton vertical with water (flow) direction, as shown in Figure 2; Artificial ecological floating island surrounding arranges anchor system: be namely symmetrical arranged multiple anchoring pile 13 in bottom of river channel, anchoring pile 13 is the location steel cable 11 having a length fixing, and the free end of location steel cable 11 is connected with a collar; On described artificial ecological floating island, be have many length-adjustable adjustment steel cables 12 corresponding with described multiple anchoring pile 13 position, described adjustment steel cable 12 is through the collar on correspondence position steel cable, and free end is around on the roller 14 that is positioned on the bank.By described anchoring pile 13, location steel cable 11 and the mating reaction regulating steel cable 12, by manual operation, pull along roller 14 or loosen adjustment steel cable 12, can reach and regulate the lifting of described artificial ecological floating island in river course.
Containing principal pollutant and the specific pollutant compared with difficult degradation such as organic pollutant, nitrogen, phosphorus that agricultural effluent brings in the sewage in this river course.At the use initial stage, artificial floating island is down to underwater 20cm, makes the ACF-TiO that corrugated 3 is laid
2active carbon fiber felt contacts after 48h with water body, regulates height, makes surperficial retaining plate 2 consistent with water surface elevation, be adsorbed on ACF-TiO
2water pollutant on material in the sun, under photocatalysis, is degraded.
The channel width arranging artificial floating island region in the present embodiment is 7.5 meters, and average depth is 2.9 meters, and length is 100 meters.In channel width direction, arrange line-up's work chinampa along two sides, river course respectively, amount to two rows, two row's artificial floating island staggered arrangement, along direction, river course, adjacent 8 meters, two artificial floating island intervals, are evenly arranged, and the long limit of artificial floating island is parallel with channel length direction.Before respectively artificial floating island being arranged to test region, river course and artificial floating island is set and the water-quality guideline of steady running after three months is monitored.Each apart from the wide place of the water surface, bank 1/3 on sampling section, if a sampling vertical, a water sample is got at the 0.5m place, underwater on every bar sampling vertical, and get section mixed sample and carry out water quality monitoring (WQM), every water-quality guideline refers to table 1.
Water quality table before and after table 1 artificial floating island runs
Embodiment 2:
Artificial ecological floating island, as shown in Figure 3, comprise a lightweight box body framework 7, a screen cloth 8 is established in the bottom surface of described lightweight box body framework 7, screen cloth 8 is filled with one deck granular filler, form granular filler layer 6, described granular filler layer 6 is provided with a retaining plate 2, and described retaining plate 2 is provided with the implantation hole 15 for planting waterplant; Described granular filler layer 6 interts and is fixed with many lightweight triangular waveform bar skeletons; Described many lightweight triangular waveform bar skeleton waveforms are identical and arranged in parallel on described granular filler layer 6, form the wavy surface of same waveform; Described wavy surface is separated into upper corrugated 3, middle corrugated 4 and region, 5 three, lower corrugated by described granular filler layer 6; Upper corrugated 3 protrudes from described retaining plate 2, and middle corrugated 4 is positioned at described granular filler layer 6; Lower corrugated 5 protrudes under described screen cloth 8; The active carbon fiber felt that load has photocatalyst material is laid on described upper corrugated 3, middle corrugated 4 and lower corrugated 5 are equipped with normal activated carbon fibrefelt; The waveform strip length of curve of described triangular waveform bar skeleton is 10m/m slant range; Described lightweight box body framework 7 is the rectangular parallelepiped bodily form, be of a size of: length × wide × height=2.8m × 1.8m × 0.7m, adopt plastic pipe to make, arrange a triangular waveform bar skeleton along lightweight box body framework 7 length direction every 700mm, totally 5, be made up of the thermoplast tubing of diameter 50mm; Every bar skeleton curve total length is 18m (being equivalent to unit distance wave length × box body framework 7 width).In lightweight box body framework 7, the granular filler of filling is quartz sand and zeolite composite grain, and grain diameter is at 5 ~ 50mm; Implantation hole 15 perforate density 55/m
2, aperture 15cm.Upper corrugated 3 is height 300mm vertically, laying be the active carbon fiber felt of loaded optic catalyst nano-ZnO, i.e. ACF-ZnO, preparation method is as follows:
Choose existing ACF felt on market, thickness 5mm, prepared by loading ZnO process experiment room, Zn (NO selected by reagent
3)
2.6H
2o (analytical pure, purity>=99.0%), is made into the solution of 20%, adds ACF felt, be immersed in above-mentioned solution.Put into drying baker, be heated to 60 DEG C and dry 6h.The sample N in vacuum tube furnace obtained
2temperature-programmed calcination is carried out: be heated to 500,600,700,800 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min under protection; insulation 1h; 300 DEG C are cooled to the speed of 5 DEG C/min; close temperature control program; lower the temperature in the mode of natural black furnace; be down to after room temperature until temperature, cut off nitrogen gas stream, the ACF-ZnO material of obtained loaded with nano ZnO.Method reference Master's thesis " research of ZnO/ activated carbon fibrous composite ", author Zhang Zongjian, University Of Ji'nan.
Middle corrugated 4 is height vertically, is 700mm, lays common ACF, thick 5mm; Lower corrugated 5 is height 1000mm vertically, lays common ACF, thick 5mm.In skeleton sinker area implantation hole 15, plant the waterplant a kind with water purification function plant Canna generalis Bailey and calamus, planting proportion is 1:1, planting density 35 strains/m
2; Plant is divided into four row, and calamus is planted in framework outer ring, and Growth of Canna is at inner ring; Granular filler layer 6, as the fixing attachment region of root system of plant, after plant growing, is fixed by biological potsherd filling, and in the space of implantation hole 15, add sponge or polystyrene foam reinforcing.Artificial floating island periphery foam-plastic blocks 9 is fixed, and provides certain buoyancy.Outside the framework of chinampa, fasten ball float 10 simultaneously, improve buoyancy further.This ball float 10 is convenient to dismounting, can play certain regulating effect to the lifting of artificial ecological floating island.This device is put into farmland and enters fluid stream channel, and make the waveform developing direction of waveform strip skeleton vertical with water (flow) direction, shown in Fig. 2; The bottom of river channel of artificial ecological floating island surrounding is symmetrical arranged multiple anchoring pile 13, anchoring pile 13 is the location steel cable 11 having a length fixing, and the free end of location steel cable 11 is connected with a collar; On described artificial ecological floating island, be have many length-adjustable adjustment steel cables 12 corresponding with described multiple anchoring pile 13 position, described adjustment steel cable 12 is through the collar on correspondence position steel cable, and free end is around on the roller 14 that is positioned on the bank.By described anchoring pile 13, location steel cable 11 and the mating reaction regulating steel cable 12, by manual operation, pull along roller 14 or loosen adjustment steel cable 12, the lifting regulating described artificial ecological floating island can be reached.
Artificial floating island is down to underwater 20cm, use after three months, artificial floating island becomes a part for the whole ecosystem in river course.Because artificial floating island plant is dense, artificial floating island sinks down into underwater 30cm.ACF-ZnO material on corrugated 3 is effectively processed pollutent in water body, but due in water, illumination effect is not strong, not strong to the Decomposition of Recalcitrant chemicals.After carrying out hand harvest to the plant on artificial floating island, ACF-ZnO material emerges, and under effect of sunlight, the Recalcitrant chemicals be adsorbed in ACF decomposes by photocatalyst.
The channel width arranging artificial floating island region in the present embodiment is 12 meters, and average depth is 3.8 meters, and length is 120 meters.In channel width direction, arrange line-up's work chinampa along two sides, river course respectively, amount to two rows, two row's artificial floating island staggered arrangement, be positioned at 10 meters, the interval, two adjacent chinampas of different row, be evenly arranged, the long limit of artificial floating island is parallel with channel length direction.Before respectively artificial floating island being arranged to test region, river course and artificial floating island is set and the water-quality guideline of steady running after three months is monitored.Each apart from the wide place of the water surface, bank 1/3 on sampling section, if a sampling vertical, a water sample is got at the 0.5m place, underwater on every bar sampling vertical, and get section mixed sample and carry out water quality monitoring (WQM), every water-quality guideline refers to table 2.
Water quality table before and after table 2 artificial floating island runs
| Project | COD Cr | BOD 5 | SS | TN | NH 4 +-N | TP |
| Water quality (mg/L) before running | 60 | 20 | 20 | 24 | 5 | 1.0 |
| Water quality (mg/L) after running | 22 | 6 | 7 | 2.5 | 1.0 | 0.4 |
| Clearance (%) | 63.3 | 70 | 65 | 89.6 | 80 | 60 |
Claims (16)
1. a sewage treating artificial ecological floating island, comprise a lightweight box body framework, a screen cloth is established in the bottom surface of described lightweight box body framework, screen cloth is filled with one deck granular filler, form granular filler layer, the upper surface of described granular filler layer is provided with a retaining plate, and described retaining plate is provided with the implantation hole for planting waterplant; Described granular filler layer interts and is fixed with many lightweight waveform strip skeletons; Described many lightweight waveform strip skeleton waveforms are identical and arranged in parallel on described granular filler layer, form the wavy surface of same waveform; Described wavy surface is separated into upper corrugated, middle corrugated and region, three, lower corrugated by described granular filler layer; Upper corrugated protrudes from described retaining plate, and middle corrugated is positioned at described granular filler layer, and lower corrugated protrudes under described screen cloth; The active carbon fiber felt that load has photocatalyst material is laid on described upper corrugated, middle corrugated and lower corrugated is equipped with the active carbon fiber felt that normal activated carbon fibrefelt or load have photocatalyst material.
2. a kind of sewage treating artificial ecological floating island as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described photocatalyst material is selected from nano-TiO
2, nano-ZnO, nanometer WO
3and nanometer Fe
2o
3.
3. a kind of sewage treating artificial ecological floating island as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the waveform of described lightweight waveform strip skeleton is arc-shaped wave, choppy sea or square wave.
4. a kind of sewage treating artificial ecological floating island as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described many lightweight waveform strip skeletons are equidistantly arranged in parallel.
5. a kind of sewage treating artificial ecological floating island as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described lightweight waveform strip skeleton is made by bamboo cane or by thermoplasticity light material; Described lightweight casket body frame is made up of plastics tubing, thick bamboo tube or polystyrene foam.
6. a kind of sewage treating artificial ecological floating island as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described load has the thickness of the active carbon fiber felt of photocatalyst material to be 3 ~ 8mm; The thickness of described normal activated carbon fibrefelt is 3 ~ 8mm.
7. a kind of artificial ecological floating island for sewage disposal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described granular filler is selected from haydite, zeolite granular and quartz sand, and particle diameter is at 1 ~ 50mm.
8. a kind of sewage treating artificial ecological floating island as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the height of described granular filler layer is 200 ~ 800mm; The vertical height on described upper corrugated is 100 ~ 300mm; The vertical height on described lower corrugated is 400 ~ 1200mm; Described lightweight waveform strip skeleton, along waveform developing direction, wave length is 6 ~ 12m/m slant range.
9. a kind of sewage treating artificial ecological floating island as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described lightweight box body framework is rectangular structure; The waveform developing direction of described lightweight waveform strip skeleton is parallel with one side of described rectangular structure.
10. a kind of sewage treating artificial ecological floating island as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, on described retaining plate, the perforate density of implantation hole is 25 ~ 80/m
2; The diameter of described implantation hole is 40 ~ 150mm.
11. a kind of sewage treating artificial ecological floating islands as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise any one in following characteristics or two:
A () is fixed with foam-plastic blocks in the surrounding of described lightweight box body framework;
B () has multiple ball float or floating drum in the surrounding symmetric system of described lightweight box body framework.
12. 1 kinds of artificial ecological floating island process for purifying water, comprise the following steps:
(1) arbitrary for claim 1-11 described artificial ecological floating island is floated in pending sewage, and make the direction of the waveform developing direction of waveform strip skeleton and current perpendicular;
(2) by external force, make the load that corrugated is laid have the active carbon fiber felt of photocatalyst material to be immersed in absorb polluted matter in sewage, and keep for some time;
(3) remove external force, make the load that corrugated is laid have the active carbon fiber felt of photocatalyst material to be exposed to the pollutent carrying out photocatalysis Decomposition absorption in air.
13. a kind of artificial ecological floating island process for purifying water as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, in step (1), in the implantation hole of described artificial ecological floating island, plantation has the waterplant with water purification function, and plant root is immersed in water body.
14. a kind of artificial ecological floating island process for purifying water as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that, described in there is water purification function waterplant be selected from a kind of or several arbitrarily combination in Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, Herba Eleusines Indicae, Shi Yingpu, Medulla Junci, chrysanthemum mandarin duck tail, cattail, Canna generalis Bailey, arrowhead, common calla.
15. a kind of artificial ecological floating island process for purifying water as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, add the waterplant of flexible materials for fixing described plantation in the hole of described implantation hole.
16. a kind of artificial ecological floating island process for purifying water as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, also comprise any one in following characteristics:
A the water bottom of () described artificial ecological floating island surrounding is symmetrically arranged with multiple anchoring pile, anchoring pile is the location steel cable having a length fixing, and the free end of location steel cable is connected with a collar; On described artificial ecological floating island, be have many length-adjustable adjustment steel cables corresponding with described anchoring pile position; Described adjustment steel cable regulates the collar on steel cable through correspondence position, free end is around on the roller that is positioned on the bank, applies external force by regulating the mode around the length of the adjustment steel cable on roller to described chinampa;
B () applies external force by the mode increasing or reduce weight on described artificial ecological floating island to described chinampa.
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| CN110372102A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-10-25 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of submerged water chinampa and its application method |
| CN114634268A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-06-17 | 北京北方宏拓环境科技有限公司 | Multistage treatment system for initial rainwater pollutants |
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Effective date of registration: 20181130 Address after: 610101 Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone, Sichuan Province, No. 888 Chengdu Chenglong Avenue Section 2 Patentee after: Sichuan Rongxinkai Engineering Design Co., Ltd. Address before: Room 801, 1121 Zhongshan North Second Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092 Patentee before: SHANGHAI CITIC WATER INDUSTRY CO., LTD. |